{"id":10179,"date":"2023-08-26T14:34:41","date_gmt":"2023-08-26T07:34:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/nguyenxuanxanh\/?p=10179"},"modified":"2024-12-02T15:55:47","modified_gmt":"2024-12-02T08:55:47","slug":"dan-nhap-cho-sach-su-tien-hoa-cua-tri-thuc","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/nguyenxuanxanh\/dan-nhap-cho-sach-su-tien-hoa-cua-tri-thuc\/","title":{"rendered":"D\u1eabn nh\u1eadp cho s\u00e1ch S\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a Tri th\u1ee9c<\/i> (J\u00fcrgen Renn)"},"content":{"rendered":"

D\u1eabn nh\u1eadp <\/em>cho s\u00e1ch<\/em><\/span><\/h2>\n

S\u1ef0 TI\u1ebeN H\u00d3A C\u1ee6A TRI TH\u1ee8C<\/span><\/h1>\n

The Evolution of Knowledge<\/span><\/h2>\n

T\u00e1c gi\u1ea3<\/em> J\u00fcrgen Renn, Berlin<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Nguy\u1ec5n Xu\u00e2n Xanh <\/strong>d\u1eabn nh\u1eadp v\u00e0 <\/em>tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

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“<\/span>Gi\u1ea3i th\u01b0\u1edfng S\u00e1ch Qu\u1ed1c gia l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9<\/span>\u00a0VII, 2024″<\/span><\/h1>\n

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Khoa h\u1ecdc m\u00e0 t\u00f4i mu\u1ed1n n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sinh ra kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i trong c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng Copernic, hay trong th\u1eddi Hy l\u1ea1p h\u00f3a, m\u00e0 trong gi\u00e2y ph\u00fat Eva \u0111\u01b0a tay h\u00e1i tr\u00e1i t\u00e1o. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 nhu c\u1ea7u hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft, ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t con ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/span><\/p>\n

Francesca Vidotto (1980 – )\u00a0<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Ti\u1ebfng n\u00f3i c\u1ee7a tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 (intellect) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ti\u1ebfng n\u00f3i nh\u1eb9 nh\u00e0ng, nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng c\u1ea5t l\u00ean cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eafng nghe. Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, sau v\u00f4 s\u1ed1 nh\u1eefng l\u1ea7n b\u1ecb ch\u1ed1i b\u1ecf, n\u00f3 s\u1ebd th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong r\u1ea5t \u00edt \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u00e0 ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u1ea1c quan v\u1ec1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i, nh\u01b0ng b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 nh\u1ecf. <\/span><\/p>\n

Sigmund Freud<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

“The Future of an Illusion”, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00edch d\u1eabn trong s\u00e1ch, Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 17 <\/span><\/p>\n

Cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch n\u00e0y bao g\u1ed3m m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng kh\u1edfi ngu\u1ed3n c\u1ee7a t\u01b0 duy nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a Th\u1ebf Nh\u00e2n sinh (Anthropocene). Th\u1ebf Nh\u00e2n sinh \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t k\u1ef7 nguy\u00ean \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ea5t m\u1edbi, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a b\u1edfi t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u00e2u s\u1eafc v\u00e0 l\u00e2u d\u00e0i c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng do con ng\u01b0\u1eddi g\u00e2y ra tr\u00ean Tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t. Th\u1ebf Nh\u00e2n sinh do \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh t\u1ed1i h\u1eadu cho m\u1ed9t l\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u1ee7a tri th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3m h\u1ed9i t\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ec3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a v\u0103n h\u00f3a t\u1eeb g\u00f3c nh\u00ecn to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u. T\u1eeb g\u00f3c nh\u00ecn \u0111\u00f3, t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i nhi\u1ec1u ch\u00e2n tr\u1eddi l\u1ecbch s\u1eed v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecba l\u00fd l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi nhau. Cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch n\u00e0y vi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 c\u1ea3 hai, nh\u1eefng m\u1eb7t di\u1ec5n ra d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n (l<\/em>ongue dur\u00e9e<\/em>)\u00a0<\/span>c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a tri th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i t\u0103ng t\u1ed1c trong s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a tri th\u1ee9c, nh\u1eefng c\u00e1i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a ch\u00fang ta v\u00e0o Th\u1ebf Nh\u00e2n sinh. <\/span><\/p>\n

J\u00fcrgen Renn<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

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L\u1eddi n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ea7u<\/em><\/strong>. T\u00f4i r\u1ea5t m\u1eebng Cty PhanBook \u0111\u00e3 xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n quy\u1ec3n s\u00e1ch d\u00e0y c\u00f4ng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u n\u00e0y c\u1ee7a GS J\u00fcrgen Renn, Berlin. Cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch \u0111\u00fac k\u1ebft nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eadp ni\u00ean nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u kh\u00e1c c\u00f3 quan h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi Vi\u1ec7n Max Planck v\u1ec1 L\u1ecbch s\u1eed khoa h\u1ecdc \u1edf Berlin. Quy\u1ec3n s\u00e1ch c\u00f3 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t encyclopedia bao qu\u00e1t v\u00e0 s\u00e2u th\u1eb3m \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u1ecdn ng\u00e0nh v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a tri th\u1ee9c nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i. M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng ch\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00fa v\u1ecb (12) n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 t\u1ea1i sao s\u1ef1 du nh\u1eadp khoa h\u1ecdc ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y v\u00e0o Trung Hoa \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i. N\u00f3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XVI v\u1edbi c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n gi\u00e1o D\u00f2ng T\u00ean, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t Matteo Ricci. H\u1ecd c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng \u0111\u1eb7t quan h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi gi\u1edbi quan l\u1ea1i-h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 Trung Hoa \u0111\u1ec3 truy\u1ec1n b\u00e1 khoa h\u1ecdc, k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi truy\u1ec1n gi\u00e1o, tr\u00f9ng h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng c\u1ee7a l\u1ecbch Trung Hoa d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a H\u1ed3i gi\u00e1o. V\u00ec th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi quan l\u1ea1i-h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 c\u0169ng r\u1ea5t quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn khoa h\u1ecdc ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y. Nhi\u1ec1u t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ecbch thu\u1eadt th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng sang ti\u1ebfng Trung, v\u00e0 gi\u1edbi tinh hoa Trung Hoa ti\u1ebfp nh\u1eadn thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i. Tuy nhi\u00ean m\u1ecdi n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c \u201cc\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng khoa h\u1ecdc\u201d \u1edf Trung Hoa, nh\u01b0 t\u1eebng di\u1ec5n ra t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 \u1edf ch\u00e2u \u00c2u.<\/p>\n

Cu\u1ed9c truy\u1ec1n b\u00e1 l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 hai di\u1ec5n ra trong th\u1eddi thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb gi\u1eefa th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XIX, do nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n gi\u00e1o Tin L\u00e0nh thay th\u1ebf D\u00f2ng T\u00ean th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n sau nh\u1eefng cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh Nha phi\u1ebfn 1840-1842, v\u00e0 1856-1860. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m Elements<\/em> c\u1ee7a Euclid m\u00e0 c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c d\u1ecbch thu\u1eadt \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Matteo Ricci v\u00e0 T\u1eeb Quang Kh\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u 250 n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc, nay k\u1ebft th\u00fac n\u0103m 1857. Nh\u01b0ng tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u00ecnh Trung Hoa t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u00f3 qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n v\u1edbi ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y. X\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u00f3ng t\u00e0u Giang Nam \u1edf Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng H\u1ea3i ra \u0111\u1eddi \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng nhu c\u1ea7u hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i h\u00f3a \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y. T\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng x\u1ea5u \u0111i sau cu\u1ed9c th\u1ea5t tr\u1eadn c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 Thanh trong tr\u1eadn chi\u1ebfn tranh v\u1edbi Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n n\u0103m 1894-95, s\u1ef1 tr\u1ea5n \u00e1p c\u1ee7a ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi cu\u1ed9c n\u1ed5i d\u1eady Ngh\u0129a H\u00f2a \u0110o\u00e0n (Boxer war) bu\u1ed9c Trung Hoa ph\u1ea3i c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n, kinh t\u1ebf tr\u00ed th\u1ee9c d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1edbi m\u1ed9t c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac m\u1edbi li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u1edbi khu v\u1ef1c ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i t\u1ea1o ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ec1 thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i cho cu\u1ed9c c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p h\u00f3a. Cu\u1ed9c c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a Mao Tr\u1ea1ch \u0110\u00f4ng l\u00e0 tai h\u1ecda, nh\u01b0ng gi\u1edbi tinh hoa Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e3 mang d\u1ea5u \u1ea5n c\u1ee7a nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c t\u1eeb phong tr\u00e0o Ng\u0169 T\u1ee9, cho n\u00ean khi th\u1eddi c\u01a1 \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00e0 b\u00f9ng d\u1eady. H\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5y t\u1ea5m g\u01b0\u01a1ng Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n c\u1eadn k\u1ec1 n\u01a1i khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111an ch\u1eb7t v\u00e0o t\u1ea5m th\u1ea3m x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, t\u1ea1o n\u00ean s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh th\u1ea7n k\u1ef3.<\/p>\n

N\u1ebfu \u1edf ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y, tri th\u1ee9c th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh, tri th\u1ee9c khoa h\u1ecdc, v\u00e0 quan ni\u1ec7m t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o, quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c \u0111an xen ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd v\u1edbi nhau, th\u00ec \u1edf Trung Hoa c\u0169ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, khoa h\u1ecdc l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn b\u1ecb quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c, t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o, truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng chi ph\u1ed1i. S\u1ef1 tho\u00e1t ra c\u1ee7a khoa h\u1ecdc t\u1eeb b\u00ean trong kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i d\u1ec5. S\u1ef1 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng \u1edf ch\u00e2u \u00c2u l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u k\u1ef3 di\u1ec7u. V\u00ec th\u1ebf, ngo\u00e0i c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi c\u1ee7a Needham t\u1ea1i sao kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 khoa h\u1ecdc \u1edf Trung Hoa, Einstein cho r\u1eb1ng c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi c\u00f3 l\u1ebd c\u00f2n quan tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n l\u00e0 t\u1ea1i sao ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 khoa h\u1ecdc. Bao l\u00e2u b\u1ed9 m\u00e1y quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a vua quan Trung Hoa ch\u01b0a c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y s\u1ef1 c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch khoa h\u1ecdc l\u00e0 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft, th\u00ec m\u1ecdi s\u1ef1 c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch du nh\u1eadp t\u1eeb b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 trong nh\u1eefng chi\u1ebfc \u00e1o d\u00f2ng tu ch\u00e2u \u00c2u, \u1eaft s\u1ebd th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i, cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh ch\u00edn mu\u1ed3i v\u1ec1 nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c cho m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch t\u1eeb b\u00ean trong.<\/p>\n

C\u0169ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf \u1edf m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 qu\u1ed1c gia kh\u00e1c \u1edf ch\u00e2u \u00c1, s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng g\u00e2y ra m\u1ed9t “b\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1ea3y l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed” \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o c\u00fa h\u00edch cho s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n v\u00e0 m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd. Do c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ngo\u1ea1i l\u1ec7. Nh\u1eefng chi\u1ebfc t\u00e0u c\u1ee7a h\u1ea3i qu\u00e2n M\u1ef9 trong th\u1eadp ni\u00ean 1850 \u0111\u00e3 g\u00e2y ra s\u1ef1 th\u1ee9c t\u1ec9nh to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n, k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng, d\u1eabn t\u1edbi m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p h\u00f3a theo m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9, x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, kinh t\u1ebf, gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c, th\u00f3i quen … \u0111\u1ec3 bi\u1ebfn Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n nhanh ch\u00f3ng th\u00e0nh “m\u1ed9t tay ch\u01a1i to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u” trong th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XX. H\u1ecd \u00fd th\u1ee9c r\u1eb1ng, an ninh qu\u1ed1c gia m\u00e0 t\u1ef1 c\u00f4 l\u1eadp, kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n b\u1ee9t ph\u00e1 l\u00e0 c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 nguy hi\u1ec3m cho ch\u00ednh an ninh, l\u00e0 t\u1ef1 s\u00e1t. B\u00e0i h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00f3 c\u1ea7n nh\u1eafc \u0111i nh\u1eafc l\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n

Quy\u1ec3n s\u00e1ch S\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a Tri th\u1ee9c<\/em> c\u1ee7a J\u00fcrgen Renn ch\u1ee9a \u0111\u1ef1ng r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u00f4ng phu v\u00e0 t\u01b0 li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb r\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e1ng tham kh\u1ea3o.<\/p>\n

Xin gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u v\u1edbi b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ecdc.<\/p>\n

Xem th\u00eam ph\u1ea7n Trung Qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 Vi\u1ec7t Nam trong:<\/em><\/p>\n

Francis Bacon \u2013 Fukuzawa Yukichi (Trung Qu\u1ed1c) v\u00e0 Vi\u1ec7t Nam\u00a0<\/a><\/p>\n

Nguy\u1ec5n Xu\u00e2n Xanh<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

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L\u1eddi d\u1eabn nh\u1eadp<\/em><\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n

Nguy\u1ec5n Xu\u00e2n Xanh<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

K<\/span>hoa h\u1ecdc ra \u0111\u1eddi nguy\u00ean th\u1ee7y kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch n\u00e0o ngo\u00e0i nhu c\u1ea7u con ng\u01b0\u1eddi mu\u1ed1n t\u1ef1 khai s\u00e1ng v\u1ec1 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi m\u00e0 m\u00ecnh s\u1ed1ng trong \u0111\u00f3. Ch\u00fang ta h\u00e3y xem t\u1ea5m b\u1ea3ng ch\u1eef h\u00ecnh n\u00eam \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1eafc \u1edf Nineveh v\u00e0o th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 th\u1ee9 b\u1ea3y tr\u01b0\u1edbc C\u00f4ng nguy\u00ean. N\u00f3 ghi l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c quan s\u00e1t thi\u00ean v\u0103n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t ngh\u00ecn n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3, d\u01b0\u1edbi tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a Ammisaduqa:<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

B\u1ea3ng ch\u1eef h\u00ecnh n\u00eam t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y \u01a1 B\u1eafc Iraq, b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ea5t s\u00e9t, 17,14 x 9,20 x 2,22 cm (\u00a9B\u1ea3o t\u00e0ng Anh). M\u1ed9t trong r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u di ch\u1ec9 c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n

T\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 khoa h\u1ecdc b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. Sau Ai c\u1eadp v\u00e0 Babylon, \u0111\u1ebfn Khai s\u00e1ng Ionia Hy L\u1ea1p th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 th\u1ee9 6 TCN \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a khoa h\u1ecdc ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y. Nh\u1eefng g\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi Hy L\u1ea1p th\u1eeba h\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1eeb c\u00e1c d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c kh\u00e1c, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n l\u00ean cao h\u01a1n v\u1edbi d\u1ea5u \u1ea5n c\u1ee7a ri\u00eang m\u00ecnh. L\u1ecbch s\u1eed khoa h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u, nh\u01b0ng Ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a Tri th\u1ee9c<\/em> l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, b\u1edfi quy m\u00f4, c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e0i, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadn, v\u00e0 s\u1ed1 t\u01b0 li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng, cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh, ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a, v\u00e0 lan t\u1ecfa c\u1ee7a tri th\u1ee9c trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 ch\u01b0a t\u1eebng c\u00f3 h\u00f4m nay. Nh\u01b0ng cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 khoa h\u1ecdc, c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 d\u1eabn t\u1edbi Th\u1ebf Nh\u00e2n Sinh, Anthropocene, l\u00e0 th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 khi kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i c\u00e1c l\u1ef1c t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00ean con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i ch\u00ednh \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111o\u1ea1t l\u00ean s\u1ed1 ph\u1eadn c\u1ee7a h\u00e0nh tinh xanh. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 k\u1ef7 nguy\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00e0 h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc H\u00e0 Lan Paul Crutzen \u201ckhai sinh\u201d n\u0103m 2000 khi \u00f4ng d\u00f5ng d\u1ea1c tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t h\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ecba quy\u1ec3n-sinh quy\u1ec3n r\u1eb1ng \u201cKh\u00f4ng! Ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n \u1edd trong th\u1eddi Holocene n\u1eefa, m\u00e0 trong th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 Anthropocene!\u201d \u00d4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i Nobel n\u0103m n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed3ng kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 c\u00e1c l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng ozone. Th\u00ecnh l\u00ecnh, con ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u1eadn ra m\u00ecnh \u0111ang \u1edf trong m\u1ed9t phi\u00ean t\u00f2a, m\u00e0 ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh l\u00e0 b\u1ecb can.<\/p>\n

C<\/span>u\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch bao g\u1ed3m m\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea3y ch\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia th\u00e0nh n\u0103m ph\u1ea7n, b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a v\u1ec1 khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c; ti\u1ebfp theo l\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi tr\u1eebu t\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft, qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u01b0 duy v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a khoa h\u1ecdc; hai ph\u1ea7n nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u chi ti\u1ebft h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf tri th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u h\u00f3a v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb; v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng v\u1ec1 t\u1ea7m nh\u00ecn c\u1ee7a t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 \u201ckhoa h\u1ecdc cho Th\u1ebf Nh\u00e2n sinh.\u201d C\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 3 (B\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u1ee7a tr\u1eebu t\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u00f3a v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ea1t), 7 (B\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng khoa h\u1ecdc), 8 (N\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf tri th\u1ee9c), 9 (M\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a tri th\u1ee9c th\u1ef1c d\u1ee5ng), 10 (Nh\u1eefng n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf tri th\u1ee9c trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed), 11 (S\u1ef1 to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a tri th\u1ee9c trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed) r\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e1ng quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t Nam li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn kinh t\u1ebf, v\u0103n h\u00f3a. C\u0169ng nh\u01b0 ch\u01b0\u01a1ng cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng 17 (Khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 Nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i) li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn Th\u1ebf Nh\u00e2n sinh. M\u1ed7i ch\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ec1u d\u1eabn m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u01b0 li\u1ec7u phong ph\u00fa, r\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t cho nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u.<\/p>\n

T<\/span>h\u00ecnh l\u00ecnh Anthropocene<\/em> \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a ch\u00fang ta tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 giao l\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a tri\u1ebft h\u1ecdc t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean v\u00e0 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c, m\u00e0 ch\u00fang \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eeb b\u1ecf \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e2u. Einstein c\u0169ng t\u1eebng ti\u00eau bi\u1ec3u cho tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc tr\u01b0\u1edbc vi\u1ec5n c\u1ea3nh di\u1ec7t vong c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i b\u1eb1ng bom nguy\u00ean t\u1eed. B\u00e2y gi\u1edd, th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi c\u0169ng \u0111ang \u0111\u1ee9ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc nguy c\u01a1 t\u1eadn th\u1ebf th\u1eddi Anthropocene. C\u00e1c b\u1eadc hi\u1ec1n tri\u1ebft th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1eb7t y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c l\u00ean h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u. Nh\u00e0 kinh t\u1ebf h\u1ecdc Adam Smith c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf khi t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng l\u00e0 L\u00fd thuy\u1ebft c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u1ea3m x\u00fac \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c<\/em>. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c, kinh t\u1ebf d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i hoang d\u00e3. \u0110\u01b0a tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t v\u00e0o khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 m\u1ed1i li\u00ean h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra \u00fd th\u1ee9c, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng khoa h\u1ecdc kh\u1ecfi \u00e1p l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng l\u1ee3i \u00edch ng\u1eafn h\u1ea1n, \u00edch k\u1ef7, m\u1edbi l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u kh\u00f4n ngoan.<\/p>\n

J<\/span>\u00fcrgen Renn l\u00e0 gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed1c Vi\u1ec7n Max Planck nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u l\u1ecbch s\u1eed khoa h\u1ecdc \u1edf Berlin. \u00d4ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 b\u00e1c h\u1ecdc. T\u00f4i c\u00f3 may m\u1eafn quen \u00f4ng t\u1eeb l\u00fac t\u00f4i vi\u1ebft quy\u1ec3n Einstein<\/em>, khi th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi k\u1ef7 ni\u1ec7m m\u1ed9t tr\u0103m n\u0103m Annus Mirabilis <\/em>(N\u0103m th\u1ea7n k\u1ef3) c\u1ee7a Albert Einstein v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2005. T\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ebfn nay, Renn \u0111\u00e3 cho xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n nhi\u1ec1u t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 Einstein r\u1ea5t c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 c\u00e1c quy\u1ec3n Albert Einstein, Chief engineer of the universe<\/em>; Albert Einstein, Einsteins Leben und Werk im Kontext<\/em>; chung v\u1edbi GS Hanoch Gutfreund \u1edf \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Hewbrew: The Road to Relativity<\/em>, Einstein on Einstein<\/em>, The Formative Years of Relativity, The History and Meaning of Einstein’s Princeton Lectures<\/em>. Nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 2008-09, l\u00fac ch\u00fang t\u00f4i l\u00e0m nh\u1eefng s\u1ed1 k\u1ef7 y\u1ebfu khoa h\u1ecdc v\u1ec1 Max Planck, ng\u01b0\u1eddi cha \u0111\u1ebb c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed, 400 N\u0103m Thi\u00ean v\u0103n h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 Galilei, \u00f4ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u b\u00e0i c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng tham gia.<\/p>\n

M\u1ed1i quan t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a J\u00fcrgen v\u1ec1 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed khoa h\u1ecdc th\u1eadt r\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 th\u1eadt s\u00e2u. \u00d4ng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00f3m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u. Ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a Tri th\u1ee9c<\/em> l\u00e0 \u0111\u00fac k\u1ebft m\u1ed9t giai \u0111o\u1ea1n quan tr\u1ecdng trong nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng sau nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eadp ni\u00ean. \u00d4ng r\u1ea5t mu\u1ed1n h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u l\u1ecbch s\u1eed khoa h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam, nh\u01b0ng vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ebfn nay ch\u01b0a th\u00e0nh. Hy v\u1ecdng, \u0111\u00f3 v\u1eabn c\u00f2n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eb7t. S\u1ef1 Ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a Tri th\u1ee9c<\/em> c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u1ecbp c\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u. \u00d4ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 sang Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u1ec3 di\u1ec5n thuy\u1ebft, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7t m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c, gi\u00fap h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t Vi\u1ec7n nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u l\u1ecbch s\u1eed khoa h\u1ecdc s\u1edbm nh\u01b0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y. Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u0169ng c\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t quy\u1ec3n s\u00e1ch v\u1ec1 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed tri th\u1ee9c khoa h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 \u00fd th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i v\u00e0 nh\u00ecn v\u1ec1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai.<\/p>\n

Nguy\u1ec5n Xu\u00e2n Xanh, th\u00e1ng 6, 2023<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

D\u1eabn nh\u1eadp cho s\u00e1ch S\u1ef0 TI\u1ebeN H\u00d3A C\u1ee6A TRI TH\u1ee8C The Evolution of Knowledge T\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 J\u00fcrgen Renn, Berlin Nguy\u1ec5n Xu\u00e2n Xanh d\u1eabn nh\u1eadp v\u00e0 tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y   “Gi\u1ea3i th\u01b0\u1edfng S\u00e1ch Qu\u1ed1c gia l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9\u00a0VII, 2024″   Khoa h\u1ecdc m\u00e0 t\u00f4i mu\u1ed1n n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sinh ra kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i trong c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng Copernic, hay trong<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_mi_skip_tracking":false,"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/nguyenxuanxanh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10179"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/nguyenxuanxanh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/nguyenxuanxanh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/nguyenxuanxanh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/nguyenxuanxanh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=10179"}],"version-history":[{"count":27,"href":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/nguyenxuanxanh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10179\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":12254,"href":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/nguyenxuanxanh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10179\/revisions\/12254"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/nguyenxuanxanh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=10179"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/nguyenxuanxanh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=10179"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/nguyenxuanxanh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=10179"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}