{"id":10234,"date":"2023-10-08T16:29:04","date_gmt":"2023-10-08T09:29:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/nguyenxuanxanh\/?p=10234"},"modified":"2023-10-08T16:44:43","modified_gmt":"2023-10-08T09:44:43","slug":"xon-xao-mua-nobel","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/nguyenxuanxanh\/xon-xao-mua-nobel\/","title":{"rendered":"X\u00f4n Xao M\u00f9a Nobel"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h1 style=\"text-align: center\"><span style=\"color: #008000\">X\u00d4N XAO M\u00d9A NOBEL (I)<\/span><\/h1>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff\">\u00a0Luy\u1ec7n g\u00e0 n\u00f2i hay nu\u00f4i chim \u0111\u1ea1i b\u00e0ng?<a style=\"color: #0000ff\" href=\"#_ftn1\" name=\"_ftnref1\">[1]<\/a><\/span><\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><span style=\"color: #000080\"><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><strong>Nguy\u1ec5n Xu\u00e2n Xanh<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000080\"><strong><em>L\u1eddi n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ea7u<\/em><\/strong><\/span>. Hai b\u00e0i d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 vi\u1ebft v\u00e0o m\u00f9a Nobel n\u0103m 2007, 16 n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc. M\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n trong \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u0103ng tr\u00ean nh\u1eadt b\u00e1o Tu\u1ed5i Tr\u1ebb th\u00e1ng 9 v\u00e0 10. M\u00f9a gi\u1ea3i Nobel lu\u00f4n l\u00e0 ni\u1ec1m c\u1ea3m h\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a h\u00e0ng tri\u1ec7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, mu\u1ed1n bi\u1ebft gi\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trao cho nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e0i khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc n\u00e0o. Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n l\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thi\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u0103n minh nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i. Ch\u00ednh khoa h\u1ecdc c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u00e3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng hay t\u1ea1o ra nh\u1eefng cu\u1ed9c c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 quan tr\u1ecdng trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 17 c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 20. Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u khoa h\u1ecdc c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a c\u1ed1 v\u1ea5n khoa h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng Roosevelt v\u00e0 Truman, Vannevar Bush cho giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n h\u1eadu chi\u1ebfn l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u00ed d\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a t\u1ea7m nh\u00ecn v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n<p>Xem cu\u1ed9c h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 v\u1eadt l\u00fd Yukawa Hideki r\u1ea5t th\u00fa v\u1ecb, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111o\u1ea1t gi\u1ea3i Nobel ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n t\u1eeb <em>home-made<\/em>, sau khi Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng v\u0103n h\u00f3a nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u khoa h\u1ecdc tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ecd:<\/p>\n<blockquote class=\"wp-embedded-content\" data-secret=\"6S1Mm7pfPZ\"><p><a href=\"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/nguyenxuanxanh\/hideki-yukawa-nguoi-lu-hanh-co-don\/\">Hideki Yukawa &#8211; Ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1eef h\u00e0nh c\u00f4 \u0111\u01a1n<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><iframe class=\"wp-embedded-content\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" style=\"position: absolute; clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px);\" title=\"&#8220;Hideki Yukawa &#8211; Ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1eef h\u00e0nh c\u00f4 \u0111\u01a1n&#8221; &#8212; B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec5n Xu\u00e2n Xanh\" src=\"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/nguyenxuanxanh\/hideki-yukawa-nguoi-lu-hanh-co-don\/embed\/#?secret=lYawuN4ot8#?secret=6S1Mm7pfPZ\" data-secret=\"6S1Mm7pfPZ\" width=\"600\" height=\"338\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong>C\u00e2u n\u00f3i c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc cha \u0111\u1ebb ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh kh\u00f4ng gian c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c Ti\u1ec1n H\u1ecdc S\u00e2m (Hsue-Shen Tsien) tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi m\u1ea5t (2009) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 t\u1ef1 ph\u00ea b\u00ecnh nghi\u00eam kh\u1eafc \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi Trung Qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia \u0111i sau:<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px\">T\u1ea1i sao, k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1949, c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng hay m\u1ed9t khoa h\u1ecdc gia c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ph\u00e1t minh t\u1ea7m c\u1ee1 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi?<\/p>\n<p>M\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c, nh\u00e0 Trung Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ecdc Joseph Needham t\u1eebng k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn sau khi nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u l\u1ecbch s\u1eed khoa h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y:<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px\">Tuy nhi\u00ean, kh\u00f4ng ai c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i, sau khi nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y nh\u1eefng g\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m trong c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, c\u1ea3 c\u1ed5 x\u01b0a l\u1eabn hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i, r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t Thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch khoa h\u1ecdc. N\u1ebfu khoa h\u1ecdc hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u1edf \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ecd, th\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 h\u1eb3n l\u00e0 do nh\u1eefng y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 kinh t\u1ebf, x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y c\u1ea3n tr\u1edf, ch\u1ee9 ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i do s\u1ef1 b\u1ea5t l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c. (Joseph Needham)<\/p>\n<p>Ng\u01b0\u1eddi Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u khoa h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y t\u1eeb th\u1eddi Ng\u0169 T\u1ee9, r\u1ea5t quy\u1ebft t\u00e2m, xem <em>khoa h\u1ecdc<\/em> v\u00e0 <em>d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7<\/em> (m\u00e0 h\u1ecd g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Mr. Science v\u00e0 Mr. Democracy) l\u00e0 hai c\u1ed9t tr\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ee9u r\u1ed7i \u0111\u1ebf ch\u1ebft r\u1ec7u r\u00e3, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t trong b\u1ed1n th\u1eadp k\u1ef7 qua. C\u00f3 l\u1ebd s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00fac c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd c\u0169ng s\u1ebd b\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00ean b\u1ee5c vinh quang.<\/p>\n<p>C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi cho Vi\u1ec7t Nam: ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m g\u00ec \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y v\u0103n h\u00f3a khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 tri th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111i \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng? V\u0103n h\u00f3a hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi gi\u1edbi tr\u1ebb t\u1eadp trung kh\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u v\u00e0o ti\u00eau th\u1ee5, ki\u1ebfm ti\u1ec1n nhanh, s\u1ed1ng v\u1ed9i, b\u00e1o ch\u00ed t\u00f4n vinh qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e1c \u201cth\u1ea7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng\u201d s\u1eafc \u0111\u1eb9p, hoa h\u1eadu, ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1eabu, nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n s\u1ed1ng sang, di\u1ec7n \u0111\u1eb9p c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u00e0u c\u00f3, k\u00e9o d\u00e0i l\u00ea th\u00ea h\u1ebft ch\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u01b0\u01a1ng kh\u00e1c tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t b\u00e1o, l\u00e0m cho ti\u1ebfng n\u00f3i khoa h\u1ecdc v\u1ed1n \u00edt \u1ecfi b\u1ecb ch\u00ecm \u0111i. X\u00e3 h\u1ed9i n\u00e0o c\u0169ng c\u00f3 \u00edt nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u00e8o b\u1ecdt tr\u00ean, nh\u01b0ng h\u1ecd c\u00f2n c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f4ng tr\u00ed th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ee7 m\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1ebf th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n khoa h\u1ecdc cho qu\u1ed1c gia. \u1ede Vi\u1ec7t Nam s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y h\u00e3y c\u00f2n qu\u00e1 \u00edt, c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi c\u01a1 s\u1edf khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t trang b\u1ecb cho h\u1ecd. M\u1ed9t x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i mu\u1ed1n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nhanh, c\u1ea7n ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd v\u00e0o khoa h\u1ecdc, c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7.<\/p>\n<p>Xin nh\u1eafc l\u1ea1i l\u1eddi nh\u1eadn x\u00e9t c\u1ee7a Einstein t\u1ea1i sao ng\u01b0\u1eddi Do Th\u00e1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khen ng\u1ee3i l\u00e0 gi\u1ecfi:<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px\">N\u00e9t \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng th\u1ee9 hai c\u1ee7a truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng Do Th\u00e1i l\u00e0 s\u1ef1<em>\u00a0<\/em><em>\u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 cao<\/em><em>\u00a0<\/em>m\u1ecdi lo\u1ea1i<em>\u00a0<\/em><em>kh\u00e1t v\u1ecdng tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7<\/em><em>\u00a0<\/em>v\u00e0<em>\u00a0<\/em><em>lao \u0111\u1ed9ng tinh th\u1ea7n \u2026 v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 tr\u00e2n qu\u00fd th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u tinh th\u1ea7n.<\/em><em>\u00a0<\/em>Ch\u00ednh do s\u1ef1 tr\u00e2n qu\u00fd n\u00e0y m\u00e0 theo t\u00f4i nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi Do Th\u00e1i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p v\u00e0o t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c tr\u00ed th\u1ee9c theo ngh\u0129a r\u1ed9ng nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a t\u1eeb tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t quy m\u00f4 m\u00e0, n\u1ebfu ch\u00fa \u00fd \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i nh\u1ecf v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng tr\u1edf ng\u1ea1i b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 h\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t, nh\u1eefng th\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng l\u00e0 l\u1ef1c c\u1ea3n tr\u00ean con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ecd kh\u1eafp m\u1ecdi n\u01a1i, r\u1ea5t x\u1ee9ng \u0111\u00e1ng v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u00e2n th\u1eadt. T\u00f4i tin r\u1eb1ng \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i do m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 gi\u00e0u c\u00f3 c\u00e1c t\u00e0i n\u0103ng thi\u00ean ph\u00fa n\u00e0o, m\u00e0 do s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt r\u1eb1ng s\u1ef1 tr\u00e2n qu\u00fd th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u tinh th\u1ea7n \u1edf nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi Do Th\u00e1i \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t b\u1ea7u kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed l\u00e0m thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t cho s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u00e0i n\u0103ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3. [\u2026] \u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi, \u00f3c ph\u00ea ph\u00e1n m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd gi\u00fap ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba s\u1ef1 ch\u1ea1y theo b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 m\u1ed9t quy\u1ec1n uy n\u00e0o m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch m\u00f9 qu\u00e1ng.<\/p>\n<p>C\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i thay \u0111\u1ed5i nh\u1eefng b\u1eadc thang gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb trong v\u0103n h\u00f3a hi\u1ec7n nay. Nh\u1eefng gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb khoa h\u1ecdc kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y b\u1eb1ng m\u1eaft th\u01b0\u1eddng m\u00e0 th\u1ea5y, m\u00e0 b\u1eb1ng con m\u1eaft nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u1edf chi\u1ec1u s\u00e2u c\u1ee7a ch\u00e2n l\u00fd. T\u01b0 duy \u0111\u1eddi th\u01b0\u1eddng, t\u01b0 duy logic kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 l\u1edbn. M\u00e0 c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ebfn tr\u1ef1c gi\u00e1c c\u1ee7a contemplation, nh\u01b0 thi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbnh. Henri Poincar\u00e9 di\u1ec5n t\u1ea3 t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a vai tr\u00f2 tr\u1ef1c gi\u00e1c nh\u01b0 sau trong kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1: \u201cCh\u00ednh qua logic, ch\u00fang ta ch\u1ee9ng minh, ch\u00ednh qua tr\u1ef1c quan ch\u00fang ta kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1\u201d, v\u00e0 \u201cLogic do \u0111\u00f3 v\u1eabn l\u00e0 m\u1ea3nh \u0111\u1ea5t c\u1eb1n c\u1ed7i tr\u1eeb khi n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ef1c gi\u00e1c b\u00f3n cho m\u00e0u m\u1ee1.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>N\u1ebfu c\u00f3 suy ngh\u0129 utopia \u0111\u00f4i ch\u00fat, th\u00ec \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 c\u0169ng l\u00e0nh m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 r\u1ea5t c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi hi\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\">Nguy\u1ec5n Xu\u00e2n Xanh, 8\/10\/2023<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><span style=\"font-size: 18pt\">\u2b50\u2b50\u2b50<\/span><\/p>\n<p>B\u00e0i b\u00e1o c\u1ee7a TS V\u0169 Quang Vi\u1ec7t tr\u00ean Tu\u1ed5i Tr\u1ebb ng\u00e0y th\u1ee9 Ba, 18\/09\/2007 v\u1ec1 m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh tr\u01b0\u1eddng Bronx High School of Science<a href=\"#_ftn2\" name=\"_ftnref2\">[2]<\/a> \u0111\u00e3 m\u1edf m\u1ed9t &#8220;\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng m\u1edbi&#8221; cho Vi\u1ec7t Nam: \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o khoa h\u1ecdc gia gi\u1ea3i Nobel l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c!. \u00cdt ra \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi n\u00f3 c\u0169ng cho th\u1ea5y, Vi\u1ec7t Nam t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ebfn nay ch\u1ec9 m\u1edbi luy\u1ec7n g\u00e0 n\u00f2i, trong khi t\u1ea1i Hoa K\u1ef3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta luy\u1ec7n chim \u0110\u1ea1i b\u00e0ng! Ch\u1ec9 luy\u1ec7n ho\u00e0i g\u00e0 n\u00f2i th\u00ec c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1eb3ng bao gi\u1edd c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ea1i b\u00e0ng. Gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 Thomas Edison n\u00f3i \u201cNg\u01b0\u1eddi ta ch\u1eb3ng bao gi\u1edd ph\u00e1t minh ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e8n \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u1ebfu ch\u1ec9 lu\u00f4n c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n c\u00e1i \u0111\u00e8n d\u1ea7u\u201d.<\/p>\n<p>\u1ede \u0110\u1ee9c th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 19, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u 20, c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng Gymnasium l\u00e0 c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng, &#8220;n\u00f3i cho c\u00f9ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e0nh cho s\u1ef1 gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng, m\u00e0 l\u00e0 cho\u00a0s\u1ef1 th\u00f4ng th\u00e1i&#8221; nh\u01b0 nh\u00e0 tri\u1ebft h\u1ecdc Nietzsche n\u00f3i. Ch\u00ednh nh\u1eefng tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00f3\u00a0\u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o n\u00ean v\u00f4 s\u1ed1\u00a0nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i Nobel cho \u0110\u1ee9c. Gi\u1ea3i Nobel \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1901. \u0110\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1933, n\u0103m Hitler ph\u00e1 ti\u00eau n\u1ec1n khoa h\u1ecdc v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y,\u00a0\u0110\u1ee9c \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 kho\u1ea3ng 30 nh\u00e0 b\u00e1c h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i Nobel trong nh\u1eefng ng\u00e0nh v\u1eadt l\u00fd, h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 y khoa. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0o v\u00e0o th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u vinh quang nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf. Nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u khoa h\u1ecdc k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt to l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c l\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch Wilhelm von Humboldt m\u00e0 ch\u1eafc ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 d\u1ecbp nghe.<\/p>\n<p>C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi quan tr\u1ecdng m\u00e0 b\u00e0i b\u00e1o c\u1ee7a TS V\u0169 Quang Vi\u1ec7t n\u00eau l\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi suy ngh\u0129 l\u00e0: Vi\u1ec7t Nam <em>t\u1ef1 s\u1ee9c m\u00ecnh <\/em>c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng nu\u00f4i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u00e1c khoa h\u1ecdc gia \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb gi\u1ea3i Nobel hay kh\u00f4ng, v\u00e0 t\u1ea1i sao? Trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e0o th\u00ec nh\u1eefng h\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng t\u00e0i n\u0103ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u1ea3y n\u1edf v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n th\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc t\u00e0i n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi? Nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1i v\u0103n h\u00e0o \u0110\u1ee9c Goethe n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng <em>\u201cT\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t qu\u1ed1c gia c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ch\u1ea5t li\u1ec7u tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 v\u00e0 gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c t\u1ed1t m\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u00e0i n\u0103ng tr\u1ebb c\u00f3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhanh ch\u00f3ng v\u00e0 thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i hay kh\u00f4ng\u201d<\/em>. Hay n\u00f3i m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c, s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c t\u00e0i n\u0103ng tr\u1ebb c\u00f3 thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i hay kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0 t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o n\u1ec1n <em>v\u0103n h\u00f3a<\/em> v\u00e0 <em>gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c<\/em> c\u1ee7a qu\u1ed1c gia \u0111\u00f3. Vi\u1ec7t Nam ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 hai \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u00f3. Gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c ch\u00fang ta ch\u01b0a t\u1ed1t, ai c\u0169ng th\u1ea5y. Tinh th\u1ea7n h\u1ecdc thu\u1eadt nghi\u00eam ch\u1ec9nh, kh\u00e1ch quan trong gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c ch\u01b0a c\u00f3. M\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a d\u1ed3i d\u00e0o ch\u1ea5t li\u1ec7u tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7, bao g\u1ed3m h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng tri th\u1ee9c nh\u01b0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n, t\u1ea1p ch\u00ed n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7, s\u00e1ch v\u1edf khoa h\u1ecdc n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i hay \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ecbch thu\u1eadt, c\u00e1c ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i, c\u0169ng ch\u01b0a c\u00f3. Th\u00eam v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t sinh t\u1eed, t\u00e0i n\u0103ng v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 \u0111am m\u00ea khoa h\u1ecdc ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ec7 ph\u00f3ng c\u1ee7a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i. \u201cCon ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ea3i s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1edbi l\u00e0m n\u00ean l\u1ecbch s\u1eed\u201d nh\u01b0 C\u00e1c M\u00e1c n\u00f3i. Nh\u01b0ng con ng\u01b0\u1eddi say m\u00ea khoa h\u1ecdc ch\u01b0a s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, ch\u01b0a ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. H\u00e0ng lo\u1ea1t ph\u1ea3i b\u1ecf ra \u0111i, hay chuy\u1ec3n h\u01b0\u1edbng. C\u00e1c em \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i Olympic sau \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 lao \u0111\u1ed9ng khoa h\u1ecdc nh\u01b0 \u1edf c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc \u1edf ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y. Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u khoa h\u1ecdc b\u1ecb teo l\u1ea1i so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e1ng gi\u1ec1ng. C\u00f3 l\u1ebd c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ho\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ecbnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n Vi\u1ec7t Nam (bao g\u1ed3m gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c, khoa h\u1ecdc &amp; c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, v\u00e0 c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf) n\u00ean c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch l\u1edbn: l\u00e0m sao \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 nu\u00f4i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 v\u01b0\u01a1n l\u00ean gi\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i Nobel. <em>H\u00e3y l\u1ea5y gi\u1ea3i Nobel l\u00e0m ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ec1, \u0111\u1ec3 xem x\u00e9t l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn n\u1ec1n gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c c\u1ea5p ph\u1ed5 th\u00f4ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc ta.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>N\u0103m 2002 t\u00f4i c\u00f3 vi\u1ebft m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c TBKTSG \u0111\u0103ng, \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb TP h\u00e3y \u0111i \u0111\u1ea7u x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t Vi\u1ec7n B\u1ea3o T\u00e0ng Khoa H\u1ecdc K\u1ef9 Thu\u1eadt \u0111\u1ec3 g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c tu\u1ed5i tr\u1ebb khoa h\u1ecdc k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt. M\u1ed9t vi\u1ec7n b\u1ea3o t\u00e0ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng xa b\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng chi\u1ebfc xe c\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed9ng. T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea1i th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n c\u0169ng th\u1ebf. Ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0a th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0o ngay c\u00e1c l\u1edbp h\u1ecdc s\u1edbm nh\u01b0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3. Ph\u1ea3i \u201c\u0111\u1ea1i ch\u00fang h\u00f3a\u201d khoa h\u1ecdc k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt, b\u1eb1ng nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e1ch, b\u1eb1ng s\u00e1ch v\u1edf, nguy\u1ec7t san, phim \u1ea3nh v.v.. Ph\u1ea3i x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1i th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n nh\u01b0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y. Ch\u00fang ta ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 g\u00ec h\u1ebft. D\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 gi\u00e0u, n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 m\u1ea1nh, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 v\u0103n minh, n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 khoa h\u1ecdc k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt xuy\u00ean su\u1ed1t ng\u1ef1 tr\u1ecb trong \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng kinh t\u1ebf v\u00e0 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng tri th\u1ee9c v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc. L\u1ea1i c\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 nu\u00f4i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng v\u00e0\u00a0\u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o\u00a0&#8220;chim \u0111\u1ea1i b\u00e0ng&#8221;, hay m\u01a1 \u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ebfn gi\u1ea3i Nobel.<\/p>\n<p>Ng\u00e0i T\u1ed5ng l\u00e3nh s\u1ef1 \u0110\u1ee9c l\u00fac b\u1ea5y gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e3\u00a0v\u1eadn\u00a0\u0111\u1ed9ng\u00a0m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1\u00a0Cty \u0110\u1ee9c, v\u00e0 h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3\u00a0h\u1ee9a trang b\u1ecb cho m\u1ed9t g\u00f3c v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, nh\u01b0 Siemens, Mercedes-Benz. Ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn n\u1ebfu\u00a0ph\u00eda VN\u00a0nghi\u00eam t\u00fac,\u00a0s\u1ebd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tranh th\u1ee7 nhi\u1ec1u Cty n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, ho\u1eb7c tranh th\u1ee7 c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ec1 \u00e1n n\u00e0y. Nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y s\u1ef1 quan t\u00e2m t\u1eeb ph\u00eda UBND. V\u00e0\u00a0\u0111\u1ebfn nay v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t\u00a0\u0111\u1ec1\u00a0\u00e1n nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf trong quy ho\u1ea1ch t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a TP (c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ec1 \u00e1n m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1i giao h\u01b0\u1edfng). T\u00f4i xin m\u01b0\u1ee3n\u00a0c\u00e2u n\u00f3i c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0\u00a0v\u1eadt l\u00fd h\u1ecdc\u00a0Niels Bohr\u00a0n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00f3i\u00a0m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1\u00a0r\u1eb1ng <strong>&#8220;Ai ch\u01b0a th\u1ea5y\u00a0th\u1ea5t kinh tr\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a khoa h\u1ecdc k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt, ng\u01b0\u1eddi\u00a0\u0111\u00f3 ch\u01b0a hi\u1ec3u khoa h\u1ecdc k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt l\u00e0 g\u00ec trong vi\u1ec7c\u00a0x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng\u00a0v\u00e0 gi\u1eef\u00a0n\u01b0\u1edbc&#8221;.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>V\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3 gi\u00e1 r\u1ea5t\u00a0\u0111\u1eaft cho s\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft \u0111\u00f3. H\u00e3y nh\u00ecn c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc Nh\u1eadt, H\u00e0n Qu\u1ed1c, Singapore, Malaysia, Thailand,\u00a0Trung Qu\u1ed1c. R\u1ed3i nh\u00ecn l\u1ea1i ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh!<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\">18.9.2007<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h1 style=\"text-align: center\"><span style=\"color: #008000\"><strong>X\u00f4n xao m\u00f9a Nobel (II)<\/strong><\/span><\/h1>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center\"><span style=\"color: #000080\"><strong>(Hay: Luy\u1ec7n g\u00e0 n\u00f2i hay nu\u00f4i chim \u0111\u1ea1i b\u00e0ng)<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>M\u1ed7i n\u0103m c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ebfn m\u00f9a \u1ee6y Ban Gi\u1ea3i Nobel \u1edf Stockholm, Th\u1ee5y \u0110i\u1ec3n ph\u00e1t gi\u1ea3i Nobel, l\u00f2ng t\u00f4i xao xuy\u1ebfn, ch\u1eafc th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi c\u0169ng th\u1ebf, m\u1eebng cho nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00e3 may m\u1eafn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i th\u01b0\u1edfng cao qu\u00fd n\u00e0y cho nh\u1eefng kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 v\u01b0\u1ee3t b\u1eadc c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd trong khoa h\u1ecdc, nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng ngh\u0129 l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u00ecnh, bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn bao gi\u1edd Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u00ecnh, v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng trang thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam, l\u1ecdt v\u00e0o v\u00f2ng danh s\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eed gi\u1ea3i Nobel.<\/p>\n<p>Bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng Gi\u1ea3i Nobel kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ef1 ph\u1ed3n vinh c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi Nh\u1eadt \u0111\u1ebfn nay \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i Nobel kh\u00f4ng nhi\u1ec1u l\u1eafm, \u201ckh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1ng s\u1ee3\u201d l\u1eafm b\u1eb1ng kinh t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, so v\u1edbi \u0110\u1ee9c \u0111\u00e3 m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi v\u00e0ng son 1\/3 \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 20, v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ee9c ph\u00e1 t\u1eeb gi\u1eefa th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 20 tr\u1edf \u0111i. Nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00fap c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u r\u1ef1c r\u1ee1 trong khoa h\u1ecdc m\u00e0 lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9, ph\u1ed3n vinh v\u00e0 h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac cho nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n<p>Gi\u1ea3i Nobel cho th\u1ea5y s\u1ee9c s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 r\u1ef1c r\u1ee1 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t qu\u1ed1c gia.<\/p>\n<p>Theo nh\u1eefng s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea, trung b\u00ecnh m\u1ed7i qu\u1ed1c gia ph\u1ea3i b\u1ecf ra \u00edt nh\u1ea5t kh\u1ecfang 30 n\u0103m m\u1edbi hy v\u1ecdng c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t gi\u1ea3i Nobel v\u1ec1 khoa h\u1ecdc. Li\u00ean X\u00f4 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean sau 39 n\u0103m th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc X\u00f4 Vi\u1ebft n\u0103m 1917. Czechoslovakia c\u1ea7n 41 n\u0103m, v\u00e0 Ba Lan 46 n\u0103m, Pakistan 29 n\u0103m v\u00e0 \u1ea4n \u0111\u1ed9 30 n\u0103m, Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n 81 n\u0103m t\u1eeb Minh Tr\u1ecb Duy T\u00e2n 1868 cho \u0111\u1ebfn gi\u1ea3i Nobel v\u1eadt l\u00fd \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a Yukawa Hideki n\u0103m 1949. Trung Qu\u1ed1c (1949) \u0111\u00e3 th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn nay \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 58 n\u0103m; n\u1ebfu t\u00ednh t\u1eeb cu\u1ed9c c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng T\u00e2n H\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a T\u00f4n D\u1eadt Ti\u00ean (1912) th\u00ec 95 n\u0103m. H\u1ecd sau khi th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng gi\u00e0nh quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u0103ng cai t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c Olympic 2008 \u0111ang b\u1ecb \u00e1p l\u1ef1c r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ec3 chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t gi\u1ea3i Nobel. H\u1ecd mu\u1ed1n ch\u1ee9ng minh r\u1eb1ng \u201cV\u01b0\u01a1ng qu\u1ed1c trung t\u00e2m\u201d \u0111\u00e3 v\u00e0o trung t\u00e2m khoa h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. T\u1eeb 1978, n\u0103m m\u1edf c\u1eeda, TQ \u0111\u00e3 g\u1eedi kh\u1ecfang 600.000 sinh vi\u00ean v\u00e0 h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 ra h\u1ea3i ngo\u1ea1i, trong s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f3 150.000 ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u1edf v\u1ec1. T\u1eeb 1986 \u0111\u1ebfn 1998 theo th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea c\u00f3 h\u01a1n 21.600 sinh vi\u00ean TQ t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p ti\u1ebfn s\u0129 trong khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 t\u1eeb c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc M\u1ef9, v\u00e0 trong s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y 17.300 d\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ecbnh \u1edf l\u1ea1i.\u00a0 V\u00e0 \u0111a s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u1ecfi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 \u1ee9ng vi\u00ean cho gi\u1ea3i Nobel t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai n\u1eb1m trong s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1edf l\u1ea1i. Nh\u01b0ng nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong b\u1ed9 m\u00e1y th\u1ef1c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i h\u00f3a khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c cho TQ, m\u1ed9t ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng cung c\u1ea5p cho TQ nhi\u1ec1u t\u00e0i n\u0103ng khoa h\u1ecdc tr\u1ebb.<\/p>\n<p>Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi g\u1ed1c Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i Nobel \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean nh\u01b0 Chen Ning Yang (Vi\u1ec7n nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u cao c\u1ea5p Princeton) v\u00e0 Tsung-Dao Lee (\u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Berkeley c\u1ee7a California) n\u0103m 1957 \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 di d\u00e2n \u0111\u1ebfn M\u1ef9 tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u01b0\u1edbc CH Trung Hoa \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp. Ti\u1ebfp theo \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 4 ng\u01b0\u1eddi g\u1ed1c TQ kh\u00e1c l\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i Nobel: Samuel Chao Chung Ting c\u1ee7a MIT v\u00e0 CERN (1976); Yuan Tseh Lee (L\u00fd Vi\u1ec5n Tri\u1ebft)<a href=\"#_ftn3\" name=\"_ftnref3\">[3]<\/a> c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Berkeley, California (1986); Steven Chu c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Stanford (1997) v\u00e0 Daniel C. Tsui c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Princeton (1998). T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c trong l\u00e3nh v\u1ef1c v\u1eadt l\u00fd; ri\u00eang l\u00e3nh v\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a Y.T. Lee l\u00e0 h\u00f3a v\u1eadt l\u00fd.<\/p>\n<p>T\u1eeb n\u0103m n\u0103m tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y t\u1ea1i TQ \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u201ch\u1ed9i ch\u1ee9ng Nobel\u201d trong d\u00e2n ch\u00fang. C\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng TQ ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng quan t\u00e2m m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd \u0111\u1ebfn tri\u1ec3n v\u1ecdng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i Nobel. \u201cKhoa h\u1ecdc TQ: \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00fac ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 gi\u1ea3i Nobel!\u201d, hay \u201cTQ l\u1eadp ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 mang v\u1ec1 gi\u1ea3i Nobel trong (\u0111\u1ea7u) th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 21\u201d, \u201cv\u1edbi th\u1ebf m\u1ea1nh trong to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc, khoa h\u1ecdc nano, thuy\u1ebft l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed, v\u00e0 sinh h\u1ecdc, TQ c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng gi\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t gi\u1ea3i Nobel trong th\u1eddi gian 2010 \u2013 2030\u201d nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o khoa h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a TQ hi\u1ec7n nay ti\u00ean \u0111o\u00e1n. Chen Ning Yang c\u0169ng l\u1ea1c quan cho r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc l\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecba s\u1ebd gi\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t gi\u1ea3i Nobel trong v\u00f2ng 20 n\u0103m t\u1edbi, v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n n\u1eefa.<\/p>\n<p><em>L\u1ef1c c\u1ea3n<\/em> cho gi\u1edbi khoa h\u1ecdc TQ trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u1eadn \u0111\u1ea1i l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn. Gi\u1edbi khoa h\u1ecdc \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng b\u1ecb gi\u1edbi ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea5u t\u1ed1 v\u00e0 tri\u1ec7t h\u1ea1 qua c\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch \u201cch\u1ed1ng h\u1eefu khuynh\u201d n\u0103m1957, r\u1ed3i \u201cc\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng v\u0103n h\u00f3a\u201d n\u0103m 1966-1976, nh\u1eefng c\u01a1n \u00e1c m\u1ed9ng kh\u1ee7ng khi\u1ebfp cho gi\u1edbi tr\u00ed th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc TQ. Einstein kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi TQ m\u00e0 c\u00f2n b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea5u t\u1ed1 \u1edf \u0111\u00f3 gi\u1eefa nh\u1eefng cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ea5u \u0111\u00e1 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u00ed th\u1ee9c b\u1ecb g\u00e1n cho \u0111\u1ee7 th\u1ee9 t\u1ed9i v\u00e0 b\u1ecb b\u1eaft \u0111i \u0111\u00e0y l\u00e0m ru\u1ed9ng thay v\u00ec l\u00e0m khoa h\u1ecdc. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 c\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 khoa h\u1ecdc v\u1edbi r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00e0i gi\u1ecfi b\u1ecb ti\u00eau vong, qu\u00e8 qu\u1eb7t, m\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1ng l\u1ebd h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a n\u1ec1n khoa h\u1ecdc TQ h\u00f2a nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o qu\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. Nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecf h\u1eb3n nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c v\u1eb7t v\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ebfm s\u1ed1ng \u1edf c\u00e1c x\u00ed nghi\u1ec7p. Tr\u1eeb m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c cho c\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng gian c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n<p>L\u1ef1c c\u1ea3n kh\u00e1c c\u00f3 l\u1ebd c\u0169ng n\u1eb1m trong truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng v\u0103n h\u00f3a c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng khuy\u1ebft t\u1eadt l\u00e2u \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a TQ. \u201cS\u1ef1 quan t\u00e2m thu\u1ea7n t\u00fay \u0111\u1ebfn khoa h\u1ecdc ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch\u201d, nh\u01b0 Hegel n\u00f3i, v\u00e0 \u201cvi\u1ec7c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u khoa h\u1ecdc, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t v\u00ec ph\u1ea3i tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng th\u1ebf c\u00f3 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t t\u1ef1 do m\u00e0 n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 \u1edf ch\u00e2u \u00c2u. Cho n\u00ean t\u00ean tu\u1ed5i v\u1ebb vang c\u1ee7a n\u1ec1n khoa h\u1ecdc TQ ti\u00eau vong\u201d. Khoa h\u1ecdc thi\u1ebfu v\u1eafng \u201ct\u00ednh n\u1ed9i t\u00e2m\u201d v\u00e0 t\u1ef1 do cho n\u00f3. Joseph Needham cho r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ea1o Kh\u1ed5ng \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p r\u1ea5t ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n khoa h\u1ecdc, v\u00ec, theo \u00f4ng, Kh\u1ed5ng gi\u00e1o ch\u1ec9 nh\u1eafm v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n m\u00e0 ch\u1ed1i t\u1eeb t\u00ednh quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft. Khoa h\u1ecdc ch\u01b0a bao gi\u1edd c\u00f3 v\u1ecb tr\u00ed x\u1ee9ng \u0111\u00e1ng trong gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c. Sau Kh\u1ed5ng gi\u00e1o n\u1ec1n t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a TQ h\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec m\u1edbi c\u1ea3. \u201cH\u01a1n 2000 n\u0103m d\u00e0i \u201c\u0110\u1ea3ng Kh\u1ed5ng gi\u00e1o\u201d \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ed1ng tr\u1ecb\u201d, gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 TQ lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n l\u00e0 \u201cNh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea3ng\u201d. Ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb b\u1ed9 m\u00e1y nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd, \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 n\u00f3: \u201cT\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e1ng bi\u1ebft th\u00ec Kh\u1ed5ng t\u1eed \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft r\u1ed3i. Nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 ti\u1ebfp n\u1ed1i l\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 ti\u1ebfp thu kho t\u00e0ng ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 k\u00ednh c\u1ea9n\u201d. Truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ed1i tho\u1ea1i l\u1edbn v\u1ec1 t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng, khoa h\u1ecdc v\u1eafng b\u00f3ng. C\u00e1c b\u1eadc th\u1ea7y bao gi\u1edd c\u0169ng l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 l\u00fd. Tu\u1ed5i t\u00e1c n\u1eb7ng k\u00fd h\u01a1n t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi, s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o. Gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c nho gi\u00e1o nh\u1eb1m bu\u1ed9c ch\u1eb7t h\u1ecdc tr\u00f2 v\u00e0o th\u1ea7y, tr\u00f2 ch\u1ec9 c\u00f2n bi\u1ebft qui ph\u1ee5c. Quy ph\u1ee5c tr\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea7y, r\u1ed3i cao nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1edbc vua \u2013 t\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u01b0ng cho \u201c\u00fd tr\u1eddi\u201d; d\u00e2n ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 con tr\u1ebb kh\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh mu\u00f4n thu\u1edf. Trong khi \u0111\u00f3 t\u00ednh s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o cao nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1ea1i n\u1eb1m trong \u0111\u1ed9 tu\u1ed5i t\u1eeb 25 \u0111\u1ebfn 45, v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec9nh cao kho\u1ea3ng 37, t\u1ee9c tu\u1ed5i \u201ch\u1ecdc tr\u00f2\u201d. 85% ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i Nobel th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 l\u1edbn v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ed9 tu\u1ed5i trong kho\u1ea3ng n\u00e0y. C.N. Yang \u1edf tu\u1ed5i 35. T.D. Lee 31, Ting 40, nh\u01b0ng Lee 50, Chu 49 v\u00e0 Tsui 59 [so v\u1edbi Newton 24, Einstein 26, Heisenberg 24, Dirac 25, Planck 42, Schr\u00f6dinger 39. Trong x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i TQ nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u1ebb kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ti\u1ebfng n\u00f3i. V\u00e0 nh\u1eefng h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 c\u0169ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0m quan, v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 quan m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u00fd tr\u1ecdng. Gi\u1edbi tr\u00ed th\u1ee9c ch\u1ec9 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng cho nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u01b0 c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfn th\u00e2n duy nh\u1ea5t, v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb \u201cquan li\u00eau h\u00f3a\u201d b\u1edfi b\u1ed9 m\u00e1y. B\u1ed9 m\u00e1y quan l\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e3 thu h\u00fat nh\u1eefng c\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea7u gi\u1ecfi nh\u1ea5t h\u01a1n 2000 n\u0103m, nh\u01b0ng n\u1ec1n khoa h\u1ecdc TQ v\u1eabn kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nh\u01b0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 d\u1eabn tr\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y r\u1ea5t l\u00e2u (\u0111\u1ebfn th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 15)<a href=\"#_ftn4\" name=\"_ftnref4\">[4]<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>Yuan Tseh Lee c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ee1 \u0111\u1ea7u c\u0169 \u1edf \u0110\u00e0i Loan, Wu Ta-you. \u00d4ng n\u00e0y n\u00f3i: \u201cN\u1ebfu Y. T. Lee \u1edf l\u1ea1i \u0110\u00e0i Loan, anh ta kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i Nobel\u201d. Lee th\u00eam v\u00e0o: \u201cT\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 \u1edf Hoa K\u1ef3 ba m\u01b0\u01a1i n\u0103m, v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t t\u00f4i h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1u b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb5ng\u201d. T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1, Chen Ning Yang c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng \u00f4ng ta ch\u1eafc c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 gi\u1ea3i Nobel n\u1ebfu \u00f4ng tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 TQ nh\u1eefng n\u0103m \u0111\u1ea7u 50, l\u00fd do \u00f4ng s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghe cu\u1ed9c tranh lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ecbnh lu\u1eadt b\u1ea3o to\u00e0n ph\u00e9p \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1ee9ng g\u01b0\u01a1ng trong v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t m\u00e0 \u00f4ng v\u00e0 T.D. Lee ch\u1ee9ng minh l\u00e0 n\u00f3 b\u1ecb vi ph\u1ea1m \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong 4 lo\u1ea1i t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c trong tr\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea5t, \u0111\u1ec3 sau \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f9ng nh\u1eadn gi\u1ea3i Nobel.<\/p>\n<p>TQ \u0111\u00e3 v\u00e0 \u0111ang n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 t\u00e0i ch\u00e1nh, trang thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i, thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i h\u01a1n cho gi\u1edbi khoa h\u1ecdc, khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch t\u00e0i n\u0103ng khoa h\u1ecdc tr\u1ebb, v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd quan h\u1ec7 khoa h\u1ecdc v\u1edbi c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00e2ng cao v\u1ecb tr\u00ed v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a gi\u1edbi khoa h\u1ecdc n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 mong s\u1ebd s\u1edbm c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t gi\u1ea3i Nobel. Nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o \u1edf \u0110\u00f4ng \u00c2u tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y b\u1ecb \u201cth\u1ea5t s\u1ee7ng\u201d, ph\u1ea3i ch\u1eadt v\u1eadt s\u1ed1ng nh\u1edd v\u00e0o n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i, nay \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eadn nh\u1eefng ch\u1ee9c v\u1ee5 quan tr\u1ecdng trong c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c khoa h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u00e0n, v\u1edbi m\u1ee9c l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00e1ng t\u1eeb USD 1000 \u2013 USD 2000 th\u00e1ng. N\u0103m 1995 \u0110\u1ea3ng CS v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n TQ kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u201c\u0111em l\u1ea1i s\u1ee9c s\u1ed1ng cho qu\u1ed1c gia b\u1eb1ng khoa h\u1ecdc, c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c\u201d, chi ph\u00ed cho R&amp;D s\u1ebd t\u0103ng l\u00ean tr\u00ean 1.5 ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m c\u1ee7a GDP cho \u0111\u1ebfn cu\u1ed1i th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 20. N\u0103m 2006 ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh 15 n\u0103m \u201cK\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch ng\u1eafn v\u00e0 d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n cho ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7\u201d \u0111\u1eb7t ra m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau \u0111\u1ea1t \u201c60% c\u1ee7a t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng kinh t\u1ebf d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 cho \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 2020\u201d. \u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau \u1ea5y chi ti\u00eau cho nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n s\u1ebd t\u0103ng t\u1eeb 1.3% hi\u1ec7n nay l\u00ean con s\u1ed1 2.5% GDP, t\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn kh\u00e1c [Nam Tri\u1ec1u Ti\u00ean 2.65, \u0110\u00e0i Loan 2.05, Singapore 1.88, so v\u1edbi Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n 3.12, M\u1ef9 2.69, \u0110\u1ee9c 2.46, Ph\u00e1p 2.14 ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m c\u1ee7a GDP n\u0103m 2000]. Cu\u1ed9c t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm gi\u1ea3i Nobel \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh s\u1ef1 quan t\u00e2m ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a gi\u1edbi l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o TQ.<\/p>\n<p>Trong kho\u1ea3ng 10-20 n\u0103m n\u1eefa, n\u1ebfu th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng \u0111o\u1ea1t gi\u1ea3i Nobel th\u00ec t\u00ednh ra TQ c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea3i c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ebfn 35-45 n\u0103m k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb l\u00fac \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1edfi tr\u00f3i cu\u1ed1i nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 70, nh\u01b0ng ph\u1ea3i m\u1ea5t kho\u1ea3ng 75 n\u0103m t\u00ednh t\u1eeb c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng TQ 1949, m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eafn \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c th\u00f4ng minh v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. Trong l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 6 nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc g\u1ed1c TQ \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn gi\u1ea3i Nobel b\u1edfi nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u ngo\u00e0i TQ. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 cho th\u1ea5y \u201cth\u1eddi ti\u1ebft ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb\u201d n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y l\u00e0 v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng tai h\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eadp ni\u00ean li\u1ec1n cho vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n khoa h\u1ecdc. C\u0169ng th\u1eadt kh\u00f3 hi\u1ec3u khi trong m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e1ng l\u1ebd c\u1ea7n gi\u1edbi tr\u00ed th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng th\u00ec gi\u1edbi n\u00e0y l\u1ea1i tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh ph\u00e1 v\u00e0 ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n<p>N\u00f3i nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ec1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec3 ngh\u0129 \u0111\u1ebfn ta. Kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft bao gi\u1edd Vi\u1ec7t Nam m\u1edbi c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c ch\u1ea5n h\u01b0ng n\u1ec1n khoa h\u1ecdc n\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u00e0. M\u1ed9t ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 l\u1edbn lao c\u1ee7a c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 b\u1ecb phung ph\u00ed. Trong khi gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c v\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00e1c trong khu v\u1ef1c \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7t tr\u00ean h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ray hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1eb3ng ti\u1ebfn v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 th\u00ec VN \u0111ang ph\u1ea3i v\u1eadt l\u1ed9n v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n n\u1ea1n gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c, \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc, khoa h\u1ecdc, tham nh\u0169ng, nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u201c\u1ea3o\u201d \u0111\u00e1ng l\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3, \u0111\u00e1ng l\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m ti\u00eau hao bi\u1ebft bao th\u00ec gi\u1edd v\u00e0 t\u00e2m tr\u00ed c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c. \u0110\u00e1ng l\u1ebd m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n l\u1ea1i c\u00e0ng ph\u1ea3i tr\u00f4ng c\u1eady nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u1ed1n qu\u00fd ch\u1ea5t x\u00e1m c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c xem \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh n\u1ed9i l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. D\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u00f4ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u00f4ng ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 l\u00f2ng tin, hay bi\u1ebft tin v\u00e0o khoa h\u1ecdc, v\u00e0 v\u00e0o s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a n\u00f3.\/.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\">(9.10.2007)<\/p>\n<p>Xem th\u00eam v\u0103n h\u00f3a khoa h\u1ecdc:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><em><a href=\"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/nguyenxuanxanh\/can-mot-van-hoa-khoa-hoc-de-phat-trien\/\">C\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t v\u0103n h\u00f3a khoa h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref1\" name=\"_ftn1\">[1]<\/a> M\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n b\u00e0i n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u0103ng tr\u00ean b\u00e1o Tu\u1ed5i Tr\u1ebb th\u00e1ng 9.2007<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref2\" name=\"_ftn2\">[2]<\/a> Tr\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp n\u0103m 1938, nay c\u00f3 t\u1ed5ng c\u1ed9ng 8 sinh vi\u00ean t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Gi\u1ea3i th\u01b0\u1edfng Nobel\u2014nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 c\u01a1 s\u1edf gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c trung h\u1ecdc n\u00e0o kh\u00e1c \u1edf Hoa K\u1ef3\u2014v\u00e0 7 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Gi\u1ea3i th\u01b0\u1edfng Pulitzer. B\u1ea3y trong s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i Nobel l\u00e0 v\u1ec1 v\u1eadt l\u00fd, gi\u00fap Bronx Science \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Hi\u1ec7p h\u1ed9i V\u1eadt l\u00fd Hoa K\u1ef3 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0 &#8220;\u0110\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m V\u1eadt l\u00fd L\u1ecbch s\u1eed&#8221; v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2010. \u1ede Anh c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t tr\u01b0\u1eddng trung h\u1ecdc c\u00f3 hai nh\u00e0 v\u1eadt l\u00fd gi\u1ea3i Nobel: Paul Dirac v\u00e0 Peter Higgs.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref3\" name=\"_ftn3\">[3]<\/a> \u00d4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ebfn di\u1ec5n thuy\u1ebft t\u1ea1i \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Khoa h\u1ecdc TP H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh ng\u00e0y 1\/7\/ 2019. Xem <a href=\"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/nguyenxuanxanh\/hsinchu-tan-truc-va-bai-hoc-cat-canh-cua-dai-loan\/\">https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/nguyenxuanxanh\/hsinchu-tan-truc-va-bai-hoc-cat-canh-cua-dai-loan\/<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref4\" name=\"_ftn4\">[4]<\/a> Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n t\u1eeb cu\u1ed9c canh t\u00e2n Minh Tr\u1ecb 1868 \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecf c\u00e1ch h\u1ecdc t\u1eeb ch\u01b0\u01a1ng kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n ki\u1ec3u TQ nh\u1ecdc nh\u1eb1n, bu\u1ed3n t\u1ebb, g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cc\u00e1i h\u1ecdc r\u1ed7ng\u201d, thay v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e1i h\u1ecdc khoa h\u1ecdc, \u201cc\u00e1i h\u1ecdc th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n\u201d, c\u1ee7a ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>&nbsp; X\u00d4N XAO M\u00d9A NOBEL (I) \u00a0Luy\u1ec7n g\u00e0 n\u00f2i hay nu\u00f4i chim \u0111\u1ea1i b\u00e0ng?[1] \u00a0Nguy\u1ec5n Xu\u00e2n Xanh \u00a0 L\u1eddi n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ea7u. Hai b\u00e0i d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 vi\u1ebft v\u00e0o m\u00f9a Nobel n\u0103m 2007, 16 n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc. M\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n trong \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u0103ng tr\u00ean nh\u1eadt b\u00e1o Tu\u1ed5i Tr\u1ebb th\u00e1ng 9 v\u00e0 10. M\u00f9a gi\u1ea3i Nobel<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_mi_skip_tracking":false,"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/nguyenxuanxanh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10234"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/nguyenxuanxanh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/nguyenxuanxanh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/nguyenxuanxanh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/nguyenxuanxanh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=10234"}],"version-history":[{"count":13,"href":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/nguyenxuanxanh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10234\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":10247,"href":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/nguyenxuanxanh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10234\/revisions\/10247"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/nguyenxuanxanh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=10234"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/nguyenxuanxanh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=10234"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/nguyenxuanxanh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=10234"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}