{"id":11804,"date":"2024-08-31T19:57:12","date_gmt":"2024-08-31T12:57:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/nguyenxuanxanh\/?p=11804"},"modified":"2024-08-31T20:00:10","modified_gmt":"2024-08-31T13:00:10","slug":"bat-cap-cua-he-thong-bau-cu-o-hoa-ky-phan-i","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/nguyenxuanxanh\/bat-cap-cua-he-thong-bau-cu-o-hoa-ky-phan-i\/","title":{"rendered":"B\u1ea5t c\u1eadp c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng b\u1ea7u c\u1eed \u1edf Hoa K\u1ef3 (Ph\u1ea7n I)"},"content":{"rendered":"

B\u1ea4T C\u1eacP C\u1ee6A H\u1ec6 TH\u1ed0NG B\u1ea6U C\u1eec \u1ede HOA K\u1ef2<\/span><\/h1>\n

V\u00c0 NH\u1eeeNG H\u1ec6 QU\u1ea2 C\u1ee6A N\u00d3<\/span><\/h1>\n

Khi \u201cQuy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a Thi\u1ec3u S\u1ed1<\/em>\u201d tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh \u201cS\u1ef1<\/em> Th\u1ed1ng Tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a Thi\u1ec3u s\u1ed1<\/em>\u201d<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

TS. Nguy\u1ec5n Trung D\u00e2n<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

L\u1eddi n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ea7u<\/em><\/strong>. Ph\u1ea3i n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng, th\u1ec3 th\u1ee9c b\u1ea7u c\u1eed c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9 \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u \u0111i\u1ec3m l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t b\u1ea5t h\u1ee3p l\u00fd<\/em>. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1eafng cu\u1ed9c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi thua cu\u1ed9c trong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, v\u00ec nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00edt phi\u1ebfu h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u01b0\u01a1ng. Xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t t\u1eeb suy ngh\u0129 c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi cha l\u1eadp qu\u1ed1c mu\u1ed1n b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 c\u00e1c bang thi\u1ec3u s\u1ed1 \u00edt d\u00e2n, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng b\u1ea7u c\u1eed M\u1ef9 v\u00f4 t\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e3 trao quy\u1ec1n l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o cho nh\u1eefng t\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 \u00edt t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 s\u1ed1 phi\u1ebfu c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng t\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho nh\u1eefng v\u00f9ng c\u00f3 GDP th\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng v\u00f9ng c\u00f3 GDP cao, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cao h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecbch l\u00fd: V\u00f9ng kinh t\u1ebf k\u00e9m ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o v\u00f9ng kinh t\u1ebf ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n cao. Do \u0111\u00f3, th\u1ec3 th\u1ee9c b\u1ea7u c\u1eed kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3n \u1ea3nh th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf \u00fd d\u00e2n. Hai th\u00ed d\u1ee5 sau \u0111\u00e2y s\u1ebd cho th\u1ea5y s\u1ef1 b\u1ea5t c\u1eadp \u0111\u00f3:<\/p>\n

    \n
  • N\u0103m 2000 \u1ee9ng c\u1eed vi\u00ean (\u01afCV) Al Gore c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea3ng DC th\u1eafng \u01afCV G.W Bush c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea3ng CH h\u01a1n 553 ng\u00e0n phi\u1ebfu ph\u1ed5 th\u00f4ng tr\u00ean to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c, nh\u01b0ng v\u00ec thua ch\u1ec9 537 phi\u1ebfu ph\u1ed5 th\u00f4ng \u1edf ti\u1ec3u bang Florida m\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu m\u1ea5t 25 \u0110\u1ea1i c\u1eed tri c\u1ee7a bang n\u00e0y, khi\u1ebfn G. W. Bush gi\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5ng c\u1ed9ng 271 phi\u1ebfu \u0110\u1ea1i c\u1eed tri (\u0110CT), qu\u00e1 1 phi\u1ebfu \u0110CT c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u00f4i v\u1ecb t\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc M\u1ef9 n\u0103m 2000.<\/li>\n
  • Th\u00ed d\u1ee5 th\u1ee9 hai. N\u0103m 2016 b\u00e0 Hillary Clinton th\u1eafng \u00f4ng Donald Trump h\u01a1n 2.87 tri\u1ec7u s\u1ed1 phi\u1ebfu ph\u1ed5 th\u00f4ng (t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng 2.1% s\u1ed1 phi\u1ebfu b\u1ea7u n\u0103m \u0111\u00f3) nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn b\u1ecb thua phi\u1ebfu \u0110CT, trong khi n\u0103m 2020, \u00f4ng Biden th\u1eafng Trump 7 tri\u1ec7u s\u1ed1 phi\u1ebfu ph\u1ed5 th\u00f4ng (4.5%) nh\u01b0ng k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng chung cu\u1ed9c c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng Biden c\u0169ng ch\u1ec9 kh\u00e1 s\u00edt sao.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 ch\u01b0a n\u00f3i s\u1ef1 b\u1ea5t h\u1ee3p l\u00fd cho t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n trong Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng vi\u1ec7n, v\u00e0 c\u1ea3 H\u1ea1 vi\u1ec7n. T\u1ea1i Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng vi\u1ec7n, m\u1ed7i ti\u1ec3u bang \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 2 \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n, b\u1ea5t k\u1ec3 s\u1ed1 d\u00e2n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ti\u1ec3u bang, m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i \u201cb\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a\u201d.<\/p>\n

    Nh\u1eefng b\u1ea5t c\u1eadp tr\u00ean d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn \u201cs\u1ef1 th\u1ed1ng tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a thi\u1ec3u s\u1ed1\u201d, \u0111i\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n \u1edf c\u00e1c n\u1ec1n d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 kh\u00e1c, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia theo th\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf li\u00ean bang kh\u00e1c v\u1eabn b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfng n\u00f3i c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng bang nh\u1ecf.<\/p>\n

    C\u00e1c s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 l\u1ea5y t\u1eeb n\u0103m 2021, nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb tham kh\u1ea3o v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 b\u1ea5t c\u1eadp c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng b\u1ea7u c\u1eed M\u1ef9, v\u00e0 v\u1eabn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai, tr\u1eeb khi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thay \u0111\u1ed5i.<\/p>\n

    Cu\u1ed9c b\u1ea7u c\u1eed l\u1ea7n n\u00e0y \u1edf M\u1ef9 kh\u00e1c h\u01a1n m\u1ecdi cu\u1ed9c b\u1ea7u c\u1eed kh\u00e1c. N\u00f3 ch\u1ee9a \u0111\u1ef1ng nhi\u1ec1u nguy c\u01a1. Kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n M\u1ef9, m\u00e0 nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng minh \u0111\u1ec1u r\u1ea5t quan t\u00e2m. T\u00f4i xin chia s\u1ebb quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u00f3 qua nh\u1eefng nh\u1eadn x\u00e9t v\u1ec1 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed sau \u0111\u00e2y c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed t\u1ea1i \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Yale:<\/p>\n

    L\u1ecbch s\u1eed kh\u00f4ng l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i, nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 ch\u1ee9a \u0111\u1ef1ng nhi\u1ec1u b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc. Khi nh\u1eefng Ng\u01b0\u1eddi cha l\u1eadp qu\u1ed1c tranh lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 Hi\u1ebfn ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta, h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 l\u1ea5y c\u00e1c b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc t\u1eeb l\u1ecbch s\u1eed m\u00e0 h\u1ecd bi\u1ebft. Lo ng\u1ea1i r\u1eb1ng n\u1ec1n c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 m\u00e0 h\u1ecd h\u00ecnh dung s\u1ebd s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5, h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 suy ng\u1eabm v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 suy t\u00e0n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c n\u1ec1n d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i bi\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ea7u s\u1ecf (oligarch) v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ebf ch\u1ebf. Nh\u01b0 h\u1ecd bi\u1ebft, Aristote \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o r\u1eb1ng b\u1ea5t b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng l\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 b\u1ea5t \u1ed5n, trong khi Plato tin r\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb m\u1ecb d\u00e2n l\u1ee3i d\u1ee5ng quy\u1ec1n t\u1ef1 do ng\u00f4n lu\u1eadn \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u01b0a h\u1ecd l\u00ean l\u00e0m b\u1ea1o ch\u00faa. Khi th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp m\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 theo lu\u1eadt ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ki\u1ec3m tra v\u00e0 c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng, nh\u1eefng Ng\u01b0\u1eddi cha l\u1eadp qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e3 t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch tr\u00e1nh c\u00e1i \u00e1c m\u00e0 h\u1ecd, gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 tri\u1ebft h\u1ecdc c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i, g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 chuy\u00ean ch\u1ebf (tyranny). H\u1ecd ngh\u0129 \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c m\u1ed9t c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n ho\u1eb7c m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m ng\u01b0\u1eddi chi\u1ebfm \u0111o\u1ea1t quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c, ho\u1eb7c vi\u1ec7c nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi cai tr\u1ecb l\u00e1ch lu\u1eadt \u0111\u1ec3 h\u01b0\u1edfng l\u1ee3i cho ch\u00ednh h\u1ecd. …<\/p>\n

    L\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m cho ch\u00fang ta quen thu\u1ed9c, v\u00e0 n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o. V\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XIX, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 v\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XX, s\u1ef1 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o ra k\u1ef3 v\u1ecdng v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9. V\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XX, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XXI, nh\u1eefng hy v\u1ecdng n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c b\u1edfi nh\u1eefng t\u1ea7m nh\u00ecn m\u1edbi v\u1ec1 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb qu\u1ea7n ch\u00fang (mass politics) trong \u0111\u00f3 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o ho\u1eb7c m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea3ng tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp cho \u00fd ch\u00ed c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n. C\u00e1c n\u1ec1n d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 ch\u00e2u \u00c2u \u0111\u00e3 s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5 th\u00e0nh ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a \u0111\u1ed9c t\u00e0i c\u00e1nh h\u1eefu v\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a ph\u00e1t x\u00edt v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1920 v\u00e0 1930. … L\u1ecbch s\u1eed ch\u00e2u \u00c2u c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XX cho ch\u00fang ta th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tan v\u1ee1, n\u1ec1n d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5t th\u1ee7, \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5 v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ed7ng nhi\u00ean th\u1ea5y m\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ee9ng tr\u00ean h\u1ed1 t\u1eed th\u1ea7n v\u1edbi v\u0169 kh\u00ed tr\u00ean tay. S\u1ebd r\u1ea5t h\u1eefu \u00edch n\u1ebfu ch\u00fang ta ng\u00e0y nay hi\u1ec3u l\u00fd do t\u1ea1i sao.<\/p>\n

    Sau khi Li\u00ean X\u00f4 tan r\u00e3 n\u0103m 1989-91, ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb th\u1ea5m nhu\u1ea7n huy\u1ec1n tho\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 “s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft th\u00fac c\u1ee7a l\u1ecbch s\u1eed” (end of history). L\u00e0m nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ea1 th\u1ea5p kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u00f2ng th\u1ee7, h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf tr\u00ed t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 m\u1edf \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cho ch\u00ednh nh\u1eefng ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta t\u1ef1 nh\u1ee7 r\u1eb1ng ch\u00fang s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 quay tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n

    Ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb c\u00e1m d\u1ed7 ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng di s\u1ea3n d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ch\u00fang ta kh\u1ecfi nh\u1eefng m\u1ed1i \u0111e d\u1ecda nh\u01b0 v\u1eady. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea3n x\u1ea1 sai l\u1ea7m. Tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, ti\u1ec1n l\u1ec7 do nh\u1eefng Ng\u01b0\u1eddi cha l\u1eadp qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1eb7t ra \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ch\u00fang ta ph\u1ea3i xem x\u00e9t l\u1ecbch s\u1eed \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c s\u00e2u xa c\u1ee7a ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 chuy\u00ean ch\u1ebf v\u00e0 c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng th\u00edch h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi n\u00f3. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 ng\u00e0y nay kh\u00f4ng kh\u00f4n ngoan h\u01a1n ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u00e2u \u00c2u \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200bn\u1ec1n d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb khu\u1ea5t ph\u1ee5c tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00e1c ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9c t\u00e0i trong th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XX th\u1ebf n\u00e0o. L\u1ee3i th\u1ebf duy nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta l\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi t\u1eeb kinh nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. B\u00e2y gi\u1edd l\u00e0 th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m nh\u01b0 v\u1eady.<\/p>\n

    \u2013 Timothy Snyder<\/strong><\/p>\n

    Timothy Snyder l\u00e0 Gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 Levin v\u1ec1 L\u1ecbch s\u1eed t\u1ea1i \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Yale. \u00d4ng nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u ph\u1ea7n th\u01b0\u1edfng, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 Emerson Prize in the Humanities, the Literature Award of the American Academy of Arts and Letters, the V\u00e1clav Havel Foundation Prize, the Foundation for Polish Science Prize, Le Prix du livre d\u2019Histoire de l\u2019Europe, the Leipzig Award for European Understanding, the Dutch Auschwitz Committee Award, the Hannah Arendt Prize, the Pell Center Prize, the Transatlantic Bridge Award, the Silvers-Dudley Prize, the Madame de Sta\u00ebl Prize, Guggenheim and Carnegie fellowships, and the Marshall Scholarship at Oxford, ch\u1ec9 k\u1ec3 v\u00e0i trong s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f3. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 xem chi ti\u1ebft \u1edf \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Yale.<\/p>\n

    “\u00d4ng Snyder l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t tri th\u1ee9c c\u00f4ng ch\u00fang \u0111ang l\u00ean kh\u00f4ng ng\u1ea1i l\u00e0m nh\u1eefng k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i t\u00e1o b\u1ea1o gi\u1eefa qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i<\/em>” \u2013 The New York Times<\/em><\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

    Nguy\u1ec5n Xu\u00e2n Xanh<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

    PH\u1ea6N I<\/span><\/h1>\n

     <\/p>\n

      \n
    1. C\u00f3 Hay Kh\u00f4ng \u201cS\u1ef1 Th\u1ed1ng Tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a Thi\u1ec3u s\u1ed1\u201d \u1ede M\u1ef9<\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

      Trong v\u00e0i ch\u1ee5c n\u0103m g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i \u1edf M\u1ef9 \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00f3ng l\u00ean nh\u1eefng ti\u1ebfng chu\u00f4ng c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t xu h\u01b0\u1edbng ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 \u0111i ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 (democracy)\u00a0 c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a (republic) do c\u00e1c Nh\u00e0 L\u1eadp Qu\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc M\u1ef9 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qui \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1edfi hi\u1ebfn ph\u00e1p. Th\u1eadm ch\u00ed, nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f2n coi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 xu th\u1ebf \u201cph\u1ea3n d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7\u201d (anti-democracy). Xu th\u1ebf n\u00e0y ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng tr\u1edf n\u00ean tr\u1ea7m tr\u1ecdng, v\u00e0 r\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0a l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 qu\u1ea3 to l\u1edbn kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9 m\u00e0 c\u1ea3 v\u1ecb th\u1ebf ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 nhi\u1ec1u m\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc M\u1ef9 tr\u00ean tr\u01b0\u1eddng qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf. Li\u1ec7u nh\u1eefng c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o n\u00e0y c\u00f3 qu\u00e1 \u0111\u00e1ng hay kh\u00f4ng, ch\u00fang ta h\u00e3y c\u00f9ng nhau xem x\u00e9t c\u00e1c hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c s\u00e2u xa c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang trong b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

      Tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft c\u1ea7n nh\u1eafc l\u1ea1i r\u1eb1ng n\u1ec1n ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a Hoa K\u1ef3 lu\u00f4n kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ef1 \u201cth\u1ed1ng tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a \u0111a s\u1ed1\u201d (Majority Rule) nh\u01b0ng lu\u00f4n b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 \u201cc\u00e1c quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a thi\u1ec3u s\u1ed1\u201d (Minority Rights). \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 kh\u1ea9u hi\u1ec7u m\u00e0 c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qui \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng trong Hi\u1ebfn ph\u00e1p (Constitution). Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n, Hi\u1ebfn ph\u00e1p Hoa K\u1ef3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00ea chu\u1ea9n th\u00f4ng qua n\u0103m 1789 tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc Hoa K\u1ef3 theo m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a (republic) v\u1edbi ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n l\u00e0 quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n b\u1edfi c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1i bi\u1ec3u do ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n b\u1ea7u ra m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 (democracy). B\u1ea7u c\u1eed d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ed1ng tr\u1ecb b\u1edfi s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f4ng, theo \u0111\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ed1 phi\u1ebfu cao nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1eafng cu\u1ed9c b\u1ea7u c\u1eed. Tuy nhi\u00ean, Hi\u1ebfn ph\u00e1p Hoa K\u1ef3 c\u0169ng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 nh\u1eb1m b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a thi\u1ec3u s\u1ed1. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 qui \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ecdi ti\u1ec3u bang d\u00f9 l\u1edbn hay nh\u1ecf, \u0111\u00f4ng hay \u00edt d\u00e2n c\u01b0 \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 hai Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng Ngh\u1ecb S\u1ef9 (TNS, Senator) \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho ti\u1ec3u bang t\u1ea1i Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng Vi\u1ec7n (Senate). C\u1ea7n n\u00f3i th\u00eam r\u1eb1ng l\u00fac b\u1ea5y gi\u1edd ti\u1ec3u bang \u0111\u00f4ng d\u00e2n nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 Virgina c\u00f3 s\u1ed1 d\u00e2n \u0111\u00f4ng g\u1ea5p 10 l\u1ea7n ti\u1ec3u bang \u00edt d\u00e2n nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 Delaware. Hi\u1ec7n nay, s\u1ef1 ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch n\u00e0y l\u00ean t\u1edbi h\u01a1n 71 l\u1ea7n, gi\u1eefa California (40 tri\u1ec7u d\u00e2n) v\u00e0 Wyoming (560 ng\u00e0n). M\u1ecdi lu\u1eadt l\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00f4ng qua t\u1ea1i Qu\u1ed1c H\u1ed9i bao g\u1ed3m H\u1ea1 Vi\u1ec7n (The House of Representatives) v\u00e0 Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng Vi\u1ec7n, r\u1ed3i m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c T\u1ed5ng Th\u1ed1ng k\u00fd ban h\u00e0nh. Mu\u1ed1n th\u00f4ng qua l\u01b0\u1ee1ng vi\u1ec7n qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i th\u00ec c\u1ea7n \u0111a s\u1ed1 (Majority Rule). Tuy nhi\u00ean, ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00e1c lu\u1eadt quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea1t 60 tr\u00ean t\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 100 Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng Ngh\u1ecb S\u1ef9 (TNS) ch\u1ea5p thu\u1eadn cho ph\u00e9p \u0111\u01b0a ra tranh lu\u1eadn r\u1ed1i sau \u0111\u00f3 m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ecf phi\u1ebfu th\u00f4ng qua hay b\u00e1c b\u1ecf. Qui \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00e0y ng\u1ea7m ch\u1ee9a \u0111\u1ef1ng b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 quy\u1ec1n l\u1edbi c\u1ee7a thi\u1ec3u s\u1ed1 trong s\u1ef1 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a \u0111a s\u1ed1. L\u00ed do l\u00e0 hai \u0111\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng H\u00f2a (CH) v\u00e0 D\u00e2n Ch\u1ee7 (DC) r\u1ea5t hi\u1ebfm khi n\u1eafm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 60\/40 ho\u1eb7c cao h\u01a1n, th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ec9 n\u1eafm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 trong kho\u1ea3ng 48\/52 – \u00a045\/55 TNS (hi\u1ec7n nay, t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 n\u00e0y l\u00e0 50-50). V\u00ec v\u1eady, \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n n\u00f3i tr\u00ean (c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Filibuster) qui \u0111\u1ecbnh ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 60 TNS ch\u1ea5p thu\u1eadn cho ph\u00e9p \u0111\u01b0a m\u1ed9t d\u1ef1 lu\u1eadt ra tranh lu\u1eadn tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi b\u1ecf phi\u1ebfu th\u00f4ng qua, khi\u1ebfn cho ti\u1ebfng n\u00f3i c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nh\u1ecf c\u00e1c TNS d\u00f9 ch\u1ec9 \u1edf m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i ti\u1ec3u bang \u00edt d\u00e2n tr\u1edf n\u00ean c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 quan tr\u1ecdng, nhi\u1ec1u khi l\u00e0 ti\u1ebfng n\u00f3i quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh cho nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1o lu\u1eadt. \u0110\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong c\u00e1ch b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a thi\u1ec3u s\u1ed1 (Minority Rights) do c\u00e1c Nh\u00e0 l\u1eadp qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o trong hi\u1ebfn ph\u00e1p vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ti\u1ec3u bang \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 s\u1ed1 TNS b\u1eb1ng nhau. C\u1ea7n n\u00f3i th\u00eam l\u00e0 tr\u1eeb m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i ngo\u1ea1i l\u1ec7 (s\u1ebd n\u00f3i th\u00eam sau) t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1o lu\u1eadt li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn ti\u1ec1n b\u1ea1c c\u1ee7a li\u00ean bang \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u1ea3i th\u00f4ng qua qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i v\u1edbi qui \u0111\u1ecbnh filibuster n\u00f3i tr\u00ean. V\u00ec v\u1eady, qui \u0111\u1ecbnh filibuster th\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t si\u00eau quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c v\u00f4 h\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a thi\u1ec3u s\u1ed1 t\u1ea1i Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng Vi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a Hoa K\u1ef3.<\/p>\n

      Trong su\u1ed1t h\u01a1n 200 n\u0103m \u0111\u1ea7u k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb khi th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp n\u01b0\u1edbc M\u1ef9, vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m \u201cMajority Rule\u201d v\u00e0 t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng \u201cMinority Rights\u201d d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 ch\u01b0a d\u1eabn t\u1edbi cu\u1ed9c kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi n\u1ec1n ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb Hoa K\u1ef3. Tuy nhi\u00ean, trong kho\u1ea3ng 30 n\u0103m tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y, nhi\u1ec1u d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u cho th\u1ea5y n\u1ec1n d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 Hoa K\u1ef3 trong \u0111\u00f3 \u201cquy\u1ec1n d\u00e0nh cho thi\u1ec3u s\u1ed1\u201d \u0111ang tr\u01b0\u1ee3t d\u00e0i tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh \u201cs\u1ef1 th\u1ed1ng tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a thi\u1ec3u s\u1ed1\u201d (Minority Rule). \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 nguy c\u01a1 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng hi\u1ebfn ph\u00e1p trong m\u1ed9t t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai kh\u00f4ng xa n\u1eefa. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0111i s\u00e2u v\u00e0o ph\u00e2n t\u00edch nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n d\u1eabn t\u1edbi s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i nguy hi\u1ec3m n\u00e0y, ch\u00fang ta hay th\u1eed nh\u00ecn c\u00e1c con s\u1ed1 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 b\u1ea7u c\u1eed \u1edf Hoa K\u1ef3 trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m g\u00e2n \u0111\u00e2y v\u00e0 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng s\u1eafp t\u1edbi.<\/p>\n

      H\u00ecnh 1 d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y cho th\u1ea5y trong s\u1ed1 100 TNS trong nhi\u1ec7m k\u1ef3 th\u1ee9 117 c\u1ee7a qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i Hoa k\u1ef3 hi\u1ec7n nay (k\u1ebft th\u00fac \u00a0ng\u00e0y 3\/1\/2023). Hai \u0111\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ea3ng D\u00e2n Ch\u1ee7 (DC) v\u00e0 C\u1ed9ng H\u00f2a (CH) chia \u0111\u1ec1u s\u1ed1 gh\u1ebf TNS \u00a0v\u1edbi s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c TNS b\u1eb1ng nhau l\u00e0 50\/50. Tuy nhi\u00ean, 50 TNS c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea3ng DC \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho c\u00e1c ti\u1ec3u bang c\u00f3 d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n 50 TNS c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea3ng CH kho\u1ea3ng 41.5 tri\u1ec7u d\u00e2n, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 12.6% d\u00e2n s\u1ed1. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 50 TNS c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea3ng DC \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho h\u01a1n 56% d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 trong khi \u0111\u00f3 50 TNS \u0111\u1ea3ng CH ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho ch\u01b0a t\u1edbi 44%. Xin l\u01b0u \u00fd th\u00eam l\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t TNS c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7m k\u1ef3 6 n\u0103m, v\u00e0 HNS c\u00f3 nghi\u1ec7m ky 2 n\u0103m.<\/p>\n

      \"\"<\/p>\n

      H\u00ecnh 1. Trong s\u1ed1 100 TNS Nhi\u1ec7m k\u1ef3 th\u1ee9 117 c\u1ee7a Qu\u1ed1c H\u1ed9i M\u1ef9 (k\u1ebft th\u00fac ng\u00e0y 3 th\u00e1ng 1 n\u0103m 2023) c\u00f3 50 TNS D\u00e2n Ch\u1ee7 v\u00e0 50 TNS C\u1ed9ng H\u00f2a. Tuy nhi\u00ean, 50 TNS DC \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111i\u1ec7n cho 184.54 tri\u1ec7u d\u00e2n trong khi \u0111\u00f3 50 TNS C\u1ed9ng H\u00f2a ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho 142.99 tri\u1ec7u d\u00e2n, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 c\u1ea3 2 \u0111\u1ea3ng CH v\u00e0 DC c\u00f9ng c\u00f3 50 TNS \u1edf Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng Vi\u1ec7n, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ea3ng DC \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho c\u00e1c ti\u1ec3u bang c\u00f3 41.5 tri\u1ec7u d\u00e2n nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ea3ng CH. (Theo t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u [1]).<\/p>\n

      Theo th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea c\u1ee7a New York Times, su\u1ed1t trong c\u00e1c n\u0103m t\u1eeb 2014-2020, \u0111\u1ea3ng CH lu\u00f4n gi\u1eef t\u1edbi 53-55 tr\u00ean t\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 100 TNS nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho kho\u1ea3ng 44-46% d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc. S\u1ed1 phi\u1ebfu th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 b\u1ea7u c\u00f2n phi l\u00ed h\u01a1n n\u1eefa. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 n\u0103m 2018, s\u1ed1 phi\u1ebfu b\u1ea7u cho c\u00e1c TNS \u0111\u1ea3ng DC nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n CH l\u00e0 18 tri\u1ec7u phi\u1ebfu, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ea3ng DC l\u1ea1i thua 2 gh\u1ebf TNS trong \u0111\u1ee3t b\u1ea7u c\u1eed n\u0103m 2018. L\u00ed do \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n l\u00e0 s\u1ed1 ti\u1ec3u bang (TB) b\u1ea7u cho CH nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n d\u00f9 d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ti\u1ec3u bang n\u00e0y \u00edt h\u01a1n c\u00e1c TB b\u1ea7u cho DC. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t h\u01a1n c\u1ea3, trong th\u1eddi gian n\u00e0y, t\u1eeb n\u0103m 2016-2020 \u00f4ng Donald Trump c\u0169ng thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ea3ng CH \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i trong cu\u1ed9c b\u1ea7u c\u1eed t\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng v\u1edbi s\u1ed1 phi\u1ebfu \u00edt h\u01a1n b\u00e0 Hilary Clinton 3 tri\u1ec7u phi\u1ebfu. H\u01a1n th\u1ebf n\u1eefa, \u0111\u1ea3ng CH trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 2016-2018 c\u0169ng chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 55% gh\u1ebf \u1edf H\u1ea1 Vi\u1ec7n trong khi ch\u1ec9 th\u1eafng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 48% s\u1ed1 phi\u1ebfu b\u1ea7u [1]. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 t\u1eeb n\u0103m 2016 \u0111\u1ebfn 2018 \u0110\u1ea3ng CH chi\u1ebfm gi\u1eef l\u01b0\u1ee1ng vi\u1ec7n qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 c\u1ea3 gh\u1ebf t\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng v\u1edbi s\u1ed1 phi\u1ebfu thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00edt h\u01a1n trong c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c b\u1ea7u c\u1eed \u1edf c\u1ea3 2 nh\u00e1nh quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c: h\u00e0nh ph\u00e1p (t\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng) v\u00e0 l\u1eadp ph\u00e1p (qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i). K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 n\u00e0y cho th\u1ea5y n\u1ec1n ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb \u201cthi\u1ec3u s\u1ed1 th\u1ed1ng tr\u1ecb\u201d (Minority Rule) \u0111\u00e3 x\u1ea3y ra \u0111\u00fang theo ngh\u0129a \u0111en \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc M\u1ef9 ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n l\u00e0 ngh\u0129a b\u00f3ng nh\u01b0 nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1eabn t\u01b0\u1edfng!\u00a0 G\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y h\u01a1n c\u1ea3 l\u00e0 cu\u1ed9c b\u1ea7u c\u1eed t\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng 2020. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 \u00f4ng Joe Biden th\u1eafng \u0111\u1ebfn h\u01a1n 7 tri\u1ec7u phi\u1ebfu b\u1ea7u tr\u00ean to\u00e0n n\u01b0\u1edbc M\u1ef9 \u2013 1 \u0111a s\u1ed1 \u00e1p \u0111\u1ea3o, l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed n\u01b0\u1edbc M\u1ef9, nh\u01b0ng n\u1ebfu \u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n m\u1ea5t m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 phi\u1ebfu x\u1ea5p x\u1ec9 100 ng\u00e0n \u1edf 3 ti\u1ec3u bang, d\u00f9 v\u1eabn th\u1eafng 7 tri\u1ec7u \u1edf c\u00e1c TB kh\u00e1c, th\u00ec \u00f4ng Biden \u0111\u00e3 thua cu\u1ed9c b\u1ea7u c\u1eed 2020. M\u1ed9t tr\u0103m ng\u00e0n phi\u1ebfu \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 80 ng\u00e0n phi\u1ebfu \u1edf Pennsylvania (20 \u0111\u1ea1i c\u1eed tri \u2013 \u0110CT), 10.6 ng\u00e0n phi\u1ebfu \u1edf Arizona (11 \u0110CT) v\u00e0 11.8 ng\u00e0n phi\u1ebfu \u1edf Georgia (16 \u0110CT). N\u1ebfu \u00f4ng Biden m\u1ea5t 47 \u0110CT \u1edf 3 TB n\u00e0y th\u00ec k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 phi\u1ebfu \u0110CT chung cu\u1ed9c thay v\u00ec Biden\/Trump l\u00e0 306\/232 nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 x\u1ea3y ra s\u1ebd tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh 259\/279 v\u00e0 \u00f4ng Trump \u0111\u00e3 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c nhi\u1ec7m k\u1ef3 t\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng th\u1ee9 2 v\u00ec ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n 270 \u0110CT l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u00f4i v\u1ecb t\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 c\u0169ng c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0, su\u00fdt n\u1eefa \u201cthi\u1ec3u s\u1ed1 th\u1ed1ng tr\u1ecb\u201d \u0111\u00e3 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c ng\u1ef1 tr\u1ecb n\u01b0\u1edbc M\u1ef9 \u00edt nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 4 n\u0103m n\u1eefa.<\/p>\n

      Theo m\u1ed9t nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u m\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y c\u1ee7a National Public Radio (NPR) [1] th\u00ec n\u1ebfu Hoa k\u1ef3 v\u1eabn ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c duy tr\u00ec h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng b\u1ea7u c\u1eed nh\u01b0 hi\u1ec7n nay th\u00ec \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 2040, 70 TNS Hoa k\u1ef3 s\u1ebd ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea1i di\u00ean cho 30% d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 trong khi \u0111\u00f3 30 TNS s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho 70% d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 Hoa k\u1ef3. H\u01a1n th\u1ebf n\u1eefa,\u00a0 22 ti\u1ec3u bang nh\u1ecf nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9 hi\u1ec7n nay c\u00f3 d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 kho\u1ea3ng 40 tri\u1ec7u (~ 13% d\u00e2n s\u1ed1) nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n b\u1edfi 44 TNS (44% TNS), trong khi California ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 2 TNS \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho 40 tri\u1ec7u d\u00e2n. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, c\u00e1c ti\u1ec3u bang nh\u1ecf nh\u1ea5t n\u00e0y ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea1i di\u00ea\u0323n cho 13% d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 n\u01b0\u01a1\u0301c M\u1ef9 nh\u01b0ng v\u1edbi 44 TNS h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ng\u0103n c\u1ea3n b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea1o lu\u1eadt n\u00e0o v\u00ec qui \u0111\u1ecbnh filibuster \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi 60 TNS. N\u1ebfu xu h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u00e2n c\u01b0 \u1edf c\u00e1c ti\u1ec3u bang nh\u1ecf (n\u1eb7ng v\u1ec1 l\u00e0m n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p) c\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng gi\u1ea3m nh\u01b0 hi\u1ec7n nay th\u00ec \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 2050, \u1edf 21 ti\u1ec3u bang \u00edt d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 nh\u1ea5t ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 5% d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 nh\u01b0ng s\u1ebd c\u00f3 42 TNS, \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n c\u1ea3n b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea1o lu\u1eadt n\u00e0o b\u1eb1ng h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c filibuster, c\u00f2n c\u00e1c ti\u1ec3u bang c\u00f3 10% d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ebfn tr\u00ean 50 TNS, \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng Vi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1o lu\u1eadt quan trong c\u1ee7a qu\u1ed1c gia [2]. M\u1ed9t k\u1ebft c\u1ee5c c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 phi d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7! Tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, theo CNN trong su\u1ed1t 40 n\u0103m qua (1980-2020) \u0111\u1ea3ng CH n\u1eafm \u0111a s\u1ed1 Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng Vi\u1ec7n trong 22 n\u0103m nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ec9 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho \u0111a s\u1ed1 d\u00e2n ch\u00fang m\u1ed9t nhi\u1ec7m k\u1ef3 duy nh\u1ea5t trong 2 n\u0103m 1997-1998 [3].<\/p>\n

      Hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u201cThi\u1ec3u s\u1ed1 th\u1ed1ng tr\u1ecb\u201d tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 v\u1ec1 s\u1ed1 phi\u1ebfu ph\u1ed5 th\u00f4ng m\u00e0 c\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t kinh t\u1ebf. Trong cu\u1ed9c b\u1ea7u c\u1eed t\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng 2016, B\u00e0 Hillary Clinton th\u1eafng h\u01a1n \u00f4ng Trump 3 tri\u1ec7u phi\u1ebfu b\u1ea7u ph\u1ed5 th\u00f4ng. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, b\u00e0 Hillary th\u1eafng \u1edf 472 \u0111\u1ecba h\u1ea1t b\u1ea7u c\u1eed chi\u1ebfm 64% t\u1ed5ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m qu\u1ed1c n\u1ed9i (GDP) trong khi \u00f4ng Trump th\u1eafng t\u1edbi 2584 \u0111\u1ecba h\u1ea1t nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ec9 chi\u1ebfm 36% GDP v\u00e0 thua t\u1edbi h\u01a1n 3 tri\u1ec7u phi\u1ebfu. Sang \u0111\u1ebfn k\u1ef3 b\u1ea7u c\u1eed 2020, \u00f4ng Biden th\u1eafng \u1edf 520 \u0111\u1ecba h\u1ea1t \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p t\u1edbi 71% GDP trong khi \u00f4ng Trump th\u1eafng \u1edf 2564 \u0111\u1ecba h\u1ea1t nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p 29% GDP. Ngo\u00e0i ra \u00f4ng Biden th\u1eafng h\u01a1n 81 tri\u1ec7u so v\u1edbi h\u01a1n 74 tri\u1ec7u phi\u1ebfu ph\u1ed5 th\u00f4ng (c\u00e1ch bi\u1ec7t kho\u1ea3ng 7.11 tri\u1ec7u phi\u1ebfu b\u1ea7u) [4].<\/p>\n

      Hi\u00ean t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y x\u1ea3y ra kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u1edf Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng Vi\u1ec7n li\u00ean bang m\u00e0 c\u00f2n x\u1ea3y ra \u1edf H\u1ea1 Vi\u1ec7n v\u1edbi m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00f4ng k\u00e9m, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed \u1edf m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ti\u1ec3u bang v\u1edbi m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 c\u00f2n kinh ho\u00e0ng h\u01a1n r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 ti\u1ec3u bang North Carolina c\u00f3 13 H\u1ea1 Ngh\u1ecb S\u1ef9 (HNS) c\u1ea5p li\u00ean bang th\u00ec n\u0103m 2018 \u0111\u1ea3ng CH chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u1ebfn 10 gh\u1ebf \u00a0trong khi phi\u1ebfu b\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a c\u1eed tri cho \u0111\u1ea3ng CH v\u00e0 DC l\u00e0 nghi\u00eang ng\u1eeda 50.3 – 48.3% [5]. Hay n\u00f3i c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea3ng CH \u1edf ti\u1ec3u bang n\u00e0y chi\u1ebfm \u00e1p \u0111\u1ea3o g\u1ea7n 77% s\u1ed1 gh\u1ebf HNS li\u00ean bang trong khi ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n th\u1eafng v\u1edbi s\u1ed1 phi\u1ebfu x\u1ea5p x\u1ec9 2%. Ti\u1ec3u bang North Carolina \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1ebfp v\u00e0o 1 trong 9 ti\u1ec3u bang tranh ch\u1ea5p (hay c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ti\u1ec3u bang chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ecba) trong m\u00f9a b\u1ea7u c\u1eed t\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng 2020. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 s\u1ed1 phi\u1ebfu d\u00e0nh cho 2 \u0111\u1ea3ng DC v\u00e0 CH \u1edf ti\u1ec3u bang n\u00e0y c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 \u1ecf c\u00e1c ti\u1ec3u bang tranh ch\u1ea5p kh\u00e1c th\u01b0\u1eddng qu\u00e1 s\u00edt sao, kh\u00f3 d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n. Tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 b\u1ea7u c\u1eed qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i li\u00ean bang n\u0103m 2020 \u1edf North Carolina cho th\u1ea5y s\u1ed1 phi\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a c\u1eed tri \u0111\u1ea3ng CH thua \u0111\u1ea3ng d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 1.66%. Tuy nhi\u00ean, \u0111\u1ea3ng CH c\u1ee7a ti\u1ec3u bang n\u00e0y v\u1eabn th\u1eafng s\u1ed1 gh\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i v\u1edbi t\u1ef7 s\u1ed1 l\u00e0 8\/5, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 62% d\u00f9 \u0111\u1ea3ng CH thua 1.66% t\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 phi\u1ebfu thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c [5, 6]. C\u1ea7n n\u00f3i th\u00eam l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i t\u1eeb th\u1eafng 77% xu\u1ed1ng 66% c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea3ng CH c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c do t\u00f2a \u00e1n li\u00ean bang \u0111\u00e3 b\u00e1c b\u1ecf m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 qui \u0111\u1ecbnh phi l\u00ed trong ph\u00e2n chia ranh gi\u1edbi b\u1ea7u c\u1eed \u1edf North Carolina v\u1ed1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ea3ng CH s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nh\u01b0 1 v\u0169 kh\u00ed c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00e0nh gh\u1ebf (s\u1ebd ph\u00e2n t\u00edch k\u1ef9 \u1edf ph\u1ea7n sau).<\/p>\n

      K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 k\u1ef3 qu\u1eb7c n\u00e0y n\u1ebfu x\u1ea3y ra \u1edf b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0o ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn s\u1ebd b\u1ecb c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \u201cnh\u00e2n quy\u1ec1n\u201d c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9 l\u00ean \u00e1n l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3n d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7, \u1ea5y v\u1eady m\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 \u0111ang x\u1ea3y ra kh\u00e1 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn \u1edf M\u1ef9 !<\/p>\n

      \u0110\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 kh\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00f3i tr\u00ean \u1edf m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u00e0 \u0111a s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n v\u1eabn t\u1ef1 h\u00e0o v\u1ec1 m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, c\u00f3 l\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u k\u1ef9 m\u1ecdi g\u00f3c c\u1ea1nh r\u1ea5t ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng b\u1ea7u c\u1eed, k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh l\u1ecbch s\u1eed \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a Hoa k\u1ef3. H\u01a1n th\u1ebf n\u1eefa, ph\u1ea3i nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y v\u00e0 hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ec7c l\u1ee3i d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 l\u1ea1m d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch c\u00f3 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u00e1c \u201cl\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng\u201d trong c\u00e1c lu\u1eadt l\u1ec7 v\u1ed1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ra \u0111\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ti\u1ebfng n\u00f3i thi\u1ec3u s\u1ed1. \u00a0Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1c kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh ph\u00e1p l\u00fd c\u1ee7a v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p \u0111\u00f3, tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft ch\u00fang ta h\u00e3y xem th\u1eed c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 l\u1ee5y c\u1ee7a c\u00e1i g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cth\u1ed1ng tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a thi\u1ec3u s\u1ed1\u201d v\u1ed1n b\u1ecb bi\u1ebfn ch\u1ee9ng t\u1eeb \u201cquy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a thi\u1ec3u s\u1ed1\u201d trong n\u1ec1n ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9.<\/p>\n

      \u0110\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u00f3 l\u1ebd c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh r\u1eb1ng tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf \u00a0\u201cMinority Rule\u201d th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n th\u00f4ng qua vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng qui \u0111\u1ecbnh filibuster \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ed1ng th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1o lu\u1eadt m\u1edbi v\u00e0 v\u00ec v\u1eady c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec c\u00e1c lu\u1eadt l\u1ec7 c\u0169 v\u1ed1n \u0111\u00e3 qu\u00e1 l\u1ed7i th\u1eddi. Trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, filibuster \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c TNS \u0111\u1ea3ng DC s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1o lu\u1eadt ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1eed ng\u01b0\u1eddi da \u0111en su\u1ed1t t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1920 m\u00e3i cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi \u0110\u1ea1o Lu\u1eadt C\u00e1c Quy\u1ec1n D\u00e2n S\u1ef1 (Civil Rights Act) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i th\u00f4ng qua v\u00e0 t\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng Johnson (DC) k\u00fd ban h\u00e0nh n\u0103m 1964. V\u00e0o n\u0103m \u0111\u00f3, trong m\u1ed9t n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c tuy\u1ec7t v\u1ecdng cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c TNS c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea3ng DC d\u00f9ng filibuster \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00ec ho\u00e3n Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng Vi\u1ec7n b\u1ecf phi\u1ebfu 60 ng\u00e0y, nh\u01b0ng cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i [7]. C\u1ea7n n\u00f3i th\u00eam l\u00e0 sau khi TT J.F Kenedy v\u00e0 J.B Johnson c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea3ng DC quay sang \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 phong tr\u00e0o \u0111\u00f2i c\u00e1c quy\u1ec1n c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi da \u0111en do M\u1ee5c s\u01b0 Martin Luther King l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o th\u00ec h\u00e0ng lo\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ea3ng vi\u00ean DC \u0111\u1ed3ng lo\u1ea1t t\u1eeb b\u1ecf \u0111\u1ea3ng v\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n qua nh\u1eadp \u0111\u1ea3ng CH, g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n chuy\u1ec3n h\u00f3a \u0111\u1ea3ng CH t\u1eebng l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3ng c\u1ee7a TT Lihncon gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng n\u00f4 l\u1ec7 gia \u0111en tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ea3ng b\u1ecb coi l\u00e0 c\u00f3 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng k\u1ef3 th\u1ecb c\u00e1c s\u1eafc t\u1ed9c thi\u1ec3u s\u1ed1 hi\u1ec7n nay.<\/p>\n

      Tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, filibuster c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 coi l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c thi \u201cth\u1ed1ng tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a thi\u1ec3u s\u1ed1\u201d b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c ng\u0103n c\u1ea3n vi\u1ec7c th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1o lu\u1eadt m\u1edbi d\u00f9 \u0111a s\u1ed1 d\u00e2n ch\u00fang v\u00e0 c\u1ea3 \u0111a s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c TNS \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9. Th\u00e1ng 12 n\u0103m 2012 \u0111\u00e3 x\u1ea3y ra m\u1ed9t v\u1ee5 th\u1ea3m s\u00e1t b\u1eb1ng s\u00fang \u1edf tr\u01b0\u1eddng ti\u1ec3u h\u1ecdc Sandy Hook, ti\u1ec3u bang Connecticut, v\u1edbi 20 em h\u1ecdc sinh 6 \u2013 7 tu\u1ed5i v\u00e0 6 gi\u00e1o vi\u00ean b\u1ecb b\u1eafn ch\u1ebft b\u1edfi 1 k\u1ebb t\u00e2m th\u1ea7n. Phong tr\u00e0o \u0111\u00f2i ph\u1ea3i ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t s\u00fang \u0111\u1ea1n d\u00e2ng cao tr\u00ean to\u00e0n n\u01b0\u1edbc M\u1ef9, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ph\u1ea3i ki\u1ec3m tra c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n l\u00ed l\u1ecbch c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 t\u00e2m th\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n ng\u01b0\u1eddi mu\u1ed1n mua s\u00fang. Th\u0103m d\u00f2 d\u01b0 lu\u1eadn cho th\u1ea5y c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ebfn 86% d\u00e2n ch\u00fang v\u00e0 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ebfn 54 TNS \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 th\u00f4ng qua m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea1o lu\u1eadt nh\u01b0 v\u1eady. Nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n 46 TNS \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho c\u00e1c ti\u1ec3u bang c\u00f3 38% d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ee7 ng\u0103n Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng Vi\u1ec7n th\u00f4ng qua m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea1o lu\u1eadt nh\u01b0 v\u1eady m\u00e3i cho \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eadn h\u00f4m nay kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 th\u00f4ng qua \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/p>\n

      M\u1ed9t tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p kh\u00e1c c\u0169ng r\u1ea5t ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c d\u00f9ng filibuster \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1i g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cth\u1ed1ng tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a thi\u1ec3u s\u1ed1\u201d \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ec9 ra b\u1edfi GS Jake Grumbach c\u1ee7a \u0110H Washington. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0, d\u00f9 d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3 3 ti\u1ec3u bang s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t than Kentucky (~ 4.5 tri\u1ec7u d\u00e2n), Louisiana (~4.6 tri\u1ec7u) and West Virginia (~ 1.8 tri\u1ec7u) l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t nh\u1ecf (3%) so v\u1edbi to\u00e0n n\u01b0\u1edbc M\u1ef9, nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n 6 TNS c\u1ee7a 3 ti\u1ec3u bang n\u00e0y li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u1edbi 1 s\u1ed1 TNS kh\u00e1c c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3 filibuster ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1o lu\u1eadt li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ed1ng n\u00f3ng \u1ea5m v\u00e0 thay \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu d\u00f9 c\u00e1c th\u0103m d\u00f2 d\u01b0 lu\u1eadn cho th\u1ea5y \u0111a s\u1ed1 d\u00e2n ch\u00fang mong mu\u1ed1n qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0a ra c\u00e1c lu\u1eadt \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u00f3 v\u1edbi c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y [2].<\/p>\n

      Tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u00e1c v\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ed1i n\u1ed9i. C\u00e1c ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ed1i ngo\u1ea1i c\u0169ng b\u1ecb \u201cthi\u1ec3u s\u1ed1 th\u1ed1ng tr\u1ecb\u201d chi ph\u1ed1i n\u1eb7ng n\u1ec1. Vi\u1ec7c Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng Vi\u1ec7n Hoa k\u1ef3 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ph\u00ea chu\u1ea9n th\u00f4ng qua C\u00f4ng \u01af\u1edbc V\u1ec1 Lu\u1eadt Bi\u1ec3n C\u1ee7a Li\u00ean H\u1ee3p Qu\u1ed1c (UNCLOS) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u00ed d\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh. Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 M\u1ef9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 tham gia x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng b\u1ed9 lu\u1eadt n\u00e0y t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1974 \u0111\u1ebfn 1982. Tuy nhi\u00ean m\u00e3i cho \u0111\u1ebfn nay hi\u1ec7p \u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y v\u1eabn kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng Vi\u1ec7n Hoa K\u1ef3 ph\u00ea chu\u1ea9n. L\u00ed do ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 do \u1edf M\u1ef9 c\u00f3 c\u00e1c l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng lu\u00f4n ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u1ebf v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7p \u01b0\u1edbc qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf, t\u1eeb Li\u00ean hi\u1ec7p Qu\u1ed1c cho \u0111\u1ebfn WHO, UNESCO vv v\u00ec cho r\u1eb1ng n\u1ebfu c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c n\u00e0y c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c hi\u1ec7p \u01b0\u1edbc qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf th\u00ec Hoa k\u1ef3 m\u1ea5t quy\u1ec1n t\u1ef1 ch\u1ee7, b\u1ecb l\u1ec7 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u1ebf v\u00e0 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf. D\u01b0\u1edbi th\u1eddi t\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng Obama, ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n M\u1ef9 \u0111\u00e3 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y, k\u00eau g\u1ecdi th\u01b0\u1ee3ng vi\u1ec7n ph\u00ea chu\u1ea9n UNCLOS nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 l\u1ea1i th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i. Ng\u00e0y 23 th\u00e1ng 5.2012, trong phi\u00ean \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ea7n t\u1ea1i Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng Vi\u1ec7n, Ngo\u1ea1i Tr\u01b0\u1edfng Clinton, B\u1ed9 Tr\u01b0\u1edfng qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng Leon Panetta v\u00e0 T\u1ed5ng Tham m\u01b0u tr\u01b0\u1edfng li\u00ean qu\u00e2n, \u0110ai t\u01b0\u1edbng Martin Dempsey \u0111\u1ec1u k\u00eau g\u1ecdi Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng Vi\u1ec7n ph\u00ea chu\u1ea9n hi\u1ec7p \u01b0\u1edbc UNCLOS. Ba tu\u1ea7n sau, ng\u00e0y 14 th\u00e1ng 6.2012, s\u00e1u \u0110\u1ea1i t\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho c\u00e1c binh ch\u1ee7ng h\u1ea3i l\u1ee5c kh\u00f4ng qu\u00e2n \u0111\u00e3 \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 ph\u00ea chu\u1ea9n UNCLOS trong m\u1ed9t phi\u00ean \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ea7n \u1edf qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i [8]. \u00a0V\u00e0o l\u00fac n\u00e0y, th\u01b0\u1ee3ng vi\u1ec7n do \u0111\u1ea3ng d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 n\u1eafm \u0111a s\u1ed1 v\u1edbi 54 gh\u1ebf, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00ea chu\u1ea9n m\u1ed9t hi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ecbnh qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 2\/3 th\u01b0\u1ee3ng vi\u1ec7n, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 \u00edt nh\u1ea5t 67 tr\u00ean 100 TNS \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd. Sau c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ea7n n\u00f3i tr\u00ean tri\u1ec3n v\u1ecdng th\u01b0\u1ee3ng vi\u1ec7n ph\u00ea chu\u1ea9n UNCLOS h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c s\u00e1ng s\u1ee7a. Tuy nhi\u00ean, ng\u00e0y 16 th\u00e1ng 7.2012, 34 TNS \u0111\u1ea3ng CH \u0111\u00e3 ra m\u1ed9t tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i ph\u00ea chu\u1ea9n\u00a0 UNCLOS trong m\u1ed9t l\u00e1 th\u01b0 g\u1eedi cho TNS John Kerry, ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch Ti\u1ec3u ban \u0110\u1ed1i Ngo\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng Vi\u1ec7n. C\u1ea7n nh\u1edb l\u00e0 34 TNS l\u00e0 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c s\u1ed1 phi\u1ebfu c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ee7 quy\u1ebft vi\u1ec7c ph\u00ea chu\u1ea9n hi\u1ec7p \u01b0\u1edbc qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf, \u0111\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a TT Obama mu\u1ed1n ph\u00ea chu\u1ea9n UNCLOS [8]. Ch\u00fang ta c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft h\u1ec7 qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y. G\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y, khi ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Hoa k\u1ef3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Trung qu\u1ed1c (TQ) t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng UNCLOS trong \u1ee9ng x\u1eed tr\u00ean Bi\u1ec3n \u0110\u00f4ng th\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t ng\u00f4n b\u1ed9 ngo\u1ea1i giao TQ \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ebf di\u1ec5u r\u1eb1ng Hoa k\u1ef3 c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn UNCLOS \u0111\u00e2u m\u00e0 l\u00ean m\u1eb7t d\u1ea1y ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n

      M\u1edbi g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y, ng\u00e0y 8\/6\/2021 Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng Vi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e3 th\u00f4ng qua m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea1o lu\u1eadt \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 250 t\u1ef7 USD cho c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9 nh\u1eb1m \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u00f3 v\u1edbi TQ trong c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y. Truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng M\u1ef9 v\u00e0 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi ca ng\u1ee3i \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ea1o lu\u1eadt quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 l\u01b0\u1ee1ng \u0111\u1ea3ng hi\u1ebfm c\u00f3 v\u1edbi s\u1ed1 phi\u1ebfu 68\/32 \u1edf Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng Vi\u1ec7n. Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng ngay c\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea1o lu\u1eadt quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 r\u1ea5t cao trong d\u00e2n ch\u00fang nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng su\u00fdt n\u1eefa c\u0169ng b\u1ecb th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i: 32 trong 50 TNS C\u1ed9ng H\u00f2a \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecf phi\u1ebfu ch\u1ed1ng. Ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n th\u00eam 9 v\u1ecb TNS n\u1eefa b\u1ecf phi\u1ebfu ch\u1ed1ng th\u00ec \u0111\u1ea1o lu\u1eadt n\u00e0y c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb b\u00e1c b\u1ecf b\u1edfi c\u00e1i g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cthi\u1ec3u s\u1ed1 th\u1ed1ng tr\u1ecb\u201d (Minority Rule) nh\u1edd qui \u0111\u1ecbnh filibuster \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi 60 phi\u1ebfu t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u.<\/p>\n

      C\u00f3 l\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i n\u00eau th\u00eam c\u00e1c v\u00ed d\u1ee5 kh\u00e1c n\u1eefa c\u0169ng th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1i g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cMinority Rule\u201d v\u1ed1n l\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a \u201cMinority Rights\u201d qua vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng fillibuster. L\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u1ee7a fillibuster v\u00e0 c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y r\u1ea5t c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 cho nhi\u1ec1u tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p trong t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u [7]. C\u0169ng v\u00ec v\u1eady, th\u00f4ng qua \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t lu\u1eadt l\u1edbn \u1edf M\u1ef9 r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3 v\u00ec 2 phe CH v\u00e0 DC tranh c\u00e3i nhau h\u00e0ng th\u00e1ng, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed h\u00e0ng n\u0103m. T\u1eeb ch\u1ed7 th\u01b0\u1ee3ng vi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac nh\u01b0 tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i cho c\u00e1c ti\u1ec3u bang nh\u1ecf – nay quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c TNS \u1edf c\u00e1c ti\u1ec3u bang nh\u1ecf l\u1ea1i qu\u00e1 l\u1edbn n\u00ean h\u1ecd l\u1ea1m d\u1ee5ng quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c ng\u00e0y 1 tr\u1ea7m tr\u1ecdng. Nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n c\u1ea3 l\u00e0 tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf fillibuster \u0111\u00e3 khi\u1ebfn cho qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i Hoa k\u1ef3 tr\u1edf n\u00ean g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 t\u00ea li\u1ec7t v\u00e0 trong nhi\u1ec1u tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p h\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 th\u00f4ng qua \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1o lu\u1eadt quan tr\u1ecdng d\u00f9 \u0111a s\u1ed1 d\u00e2n ch\u00fang v\u00e0 c\u1ea3 \u0111a s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c ngh\u1ecb s\u1ef9 qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 c\u00e1c lu\u1eadt m\u1edbi nh\u1eb1m \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u00f3 v\u1edbi c\u00e1c thay \u0111\u1ed5i nhanh ch\u00f3ng tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 tr\u1ed7i d\u1eady c\u1ee7a TQ.<\/p>\n

      Trong ph\u1ea7n sau ch\u00fang t\u00f4i s\u1ebd tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y t\u1ea1i sao nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u t\u01b0\u1edfng ch\u1eebng nh\u01b0 v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng phi l\u00ed v\u1ec1 c\u00e1i g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cs\u1ef1 th\u1ed1ng tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a thi\u1ec3u s\u1ed1\u201d l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd \u1edf ngay trong l\u00f2ng c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc M\u1ef9. H\u01a1n th\u1ebf n\u1eefa, t\u00e1c h\u1ea1i v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng to l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a hi\u00ean t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ebd d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u1ea3 kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng hi\u1ebfn ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi Hoa k\u1ef3 trong m\u1ed9t t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai kh\u00f4ng xa l\u1eafm.<\/p>\n

      Vi\u1ebft xong ng\u00e0y 20\/6\/2021<\/p>\n

      L\u1ea7n t\u1edbi Ph\u1ea7n II.<\/p>\n

      Nguy\u1ec5n Trung D\u00e2n<\/strong><\/p>\n

        \n
      1. https:\/\/www.npr.org\/2021\/06\/09\/1002593823\/how-democratic-is-american-democracy-key-pillars-face-stress-tests<\/a><\/li>\n
      2. https:\/\/www.secondratedemocracy.com\/unrepresentative-senate\/<\/a><\/li>\n
      3. https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/commentisfree\/2021\/mar\/26\/just-how-severe-will-americas-minority-rule-become<\/a><\/li>\n
      4. https:\/\/www.brookings.edu\/blog\/the-avenue\/2020\/11\/09\/biden-voting-counties-equal-70-of-americas-economy-what-does-this-mean-for-the-nations-political-economic-divide\/<\/a><\/li>\n
      5. https:\/\/www.vox.com\/policy-and-politics\/2018\/5\/8\/17271766\/north-carolina-gerrymandering-2018-midterms-partisan-redistricting<\/a><\/li>\n
      6. https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/2020_United_States_House_of_Representatives_elections_in_North_Carolina<\/a><\/li>\n
      7. https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Filibuster_in_the_United_States_Senate<\/a><\/li>\n
      8. https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/United_States_and_the_United_Nations_Convention_on_the_Law_of_the_Sea<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

         <\/p>\n

         <\/p>\n

         <\/p>\n

         <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

        B\u1ea4T C\u1eacP C\u1ee6A H\u1ec6 TH\u1ed0NG B\u1ea6U C\u1eec \u1ede HOA K\u1ef2 V\u00c0 NH\u1eeeNG H\u1ec6 QU\u1ea2 C\u1ee6A N\u00d3 Khi \u201cQuy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a Thi\u1ec3u S\u1ed1\u201d tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh \u201cS\u1ef1 Th\u1ed1ng Tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a Thi\u1ec3u s\u1ed1\u201d TS. Nguy\u1ec5n Trung D\u00e2n   L\u1eddi n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ea7u. Ph\u1ea3i n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng, th\u1ec3 th\u1ee9c b\u1ea7u c\u1eed c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9 \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u \u0111i\u1ec3m l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t b\u1ea5t h\u1ee3p l\u00fd. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_mi_skip_tracking":false,"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/nguyenxuanxanh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11804"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/nguyenxuanxanh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/nguyenxuanxanh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/nguyenxuanxanh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/nguyenxuanxanh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=11804"}],"version-history":[{"count":13,"href":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/nguyenxuanxanh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11804\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":11911,"href":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/nguyenxuanxanh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11804\/revisions\/11911"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/nguyenxuanxanh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=11804"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/nguyenxuanxanh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=11804"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/nguyenxuanxanh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=11804"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}