{"id":14859,"date":"2025-10-13T15:45:08","date_gmt":"2025-10-13T08:45:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/nguyenxuanxanh\/?p=14859"},"modified":"2025-10-13T15:57:52","modified_gmt":"2025-10-13T08:57:52","slug":"giai-nobel-tu-dong-chay-nhap-cu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/nguyenxuanxanh\/giai-nobel-tu-dong-chay-nhap-cu\/","title":{"rendered":"Gi\u1ea3i Nobel nh\u00ecn t\u1eeb d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y nh\u1eadp c\u01b0"},"content":{"rendered":"

GI\u1ea2I NOBEL NH\u00ccN T\u1eea NH\u1eeeNG D\u00d2NG CH\u1ea2Y NH\u1eacP C\u01af<\/span><\/h1>\n

H\u01a0N 30% NH\u1eeeNG NG\u01af\u1edcI \u0110O\u1ea0T GI\u1ea2I NOBEL KHOA H\u1eccC TRONG TH\u1ebe K\u1ef6 N\u00c0Y L\u00c0 NH\u1eeeNG NG\u01af\u1edcI NH\u1eacP C\u01af. XEM D\u00d2NG CH\u1ea2Y C\u1ee6A H\u1ecc.<\/span><\/p>\n

Theo b\u00e1o Nature<\/strong>, ng\u00e0y 9 th\u00e1ng 10 n\u0103m 2025. C\u1eadp nh\u1eadt ng\u00e0y 10 th\u00e1ng 10 n\u0103m 2025<\/p>\n

Theo t\u1ea1p ch\u00ed Nature<\/em>, k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb n\u0103m 2000, Hoa K\u1ef3 l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc sau n\u00e0y \u0111o\u1ea1t gi\u1ea3i Nobel trong c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c V\u1eadt l\u00fd, H\u00f3a h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 Y h\u1ecdc.<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/strong>B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a Jenna Ahart<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

Mai L\u00fd<\/strong> d\u1ecbch<\/em>, Nguy\u1ec5n Xu\u00e2n Xanh<\/strong> xem l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y<\/em><\/p>\n

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N\u1ebfu nh\u01b0 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i g\u00e2y thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u1ea3n tr\u1edf t\u00ednh s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o kinh t\u1ebf, th\u00ec \u0111\u00f3ng c\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y t\u1ef1 do c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng l\u00e0 c\u1ea3n tr\u1edf s\u1ef1 t\u1ea1o ra tri th\u1ee9c v\u1ed1n l\u00e0 m\u00e1u th\u1ecbt c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng kinh t\u1ebf.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

\u2014 Ben Wildavsky<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Xem th\u00eam trong s\u00e1ch (2012):<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/em>Cu\u1ed9c c\u1ea1nh tranh ch\u1ea5t x\u00e1m v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i<\/em><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

N\u0103m 1987, Henry Rosovsky, c\u1ef1u ch\u1ee7 nhi\u1ec7m khoa c\u1ee7a khoa Arts and Sciences<\/em> \u1edf Harvard, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 vi\u1ebft m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch h\u00e3nh di\u1ec7n:<\/p>\n

Trong nh\u1eefng ng\u00e0y n\u00e0y, khi m\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i th\u1ee7 kinh t\u1ebf n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 \u0111ang qua m\u1eb7t ch\u00fang ta trong h\u1ebft ng\u00e0nh n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u00e0nh kh\u00e1c, ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n t\u00e1i kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p s\u1ed1ng c\u00f2n m\u00e0 \u1edf \u0111\u00f3 Hoa K\u1ef3 \u00e1t h\u1eb3n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 tranh c\u00e3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c: l\u00e3nh v\u1ef1c gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc. Kho\u1ea3ng t\u1eeb hai ph\u1ea7n ba \u0111\u1ebfn ba ph\u1ea7n t\u01b0 \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec1u n\u1eb1m t\u1ea1i Hoa K\u1ef3. Nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00e0 ph\u00ea b\u00ecnh n\u1ec1n gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc \u1edf M\u1ef9 \u0111\u00e3 qu\u00ean \u0111i s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt n\u00e0y. [\u2026]<\/p>\n

Trong gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc, \u201cMade in America\u201d v\u1eabn l\u00e0 c\u00e1i nh\u00e3n hi\u1ec7u b\u1ea3nh nh\u1ea5t. Do \u0111\u00f3 l\u1eddi khuy\u00ean c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i l\u00e0 \u201cH\u00e3y \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1eed c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn\u201d, \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u00fang ta kh\u1ecfi r\u01a1i xu\u1ed1ng m\u1eb7t b\u1eb1ng n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9.<\/p>\n

Clark Kerr, ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc California n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc:<\/p>\n

S\u1ef1 ph\u1ed3n vinh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e2y t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc ch\u01b0a l\u00fac n\u00e0o nh\u01b0 tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y, qua s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng ngu\u1ed3n nh\u00e2n l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 tri th\u1ee9c t\u00edch l\u0169y; v\u00e0 c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 c\u1ea1nh tranh qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c c\u01b0\u1eddng qu\u1ed1c – l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 s\u1ed1ng c\u00f2n, ti\u1ec1m t\u00e0ng v\u00e0 theo ngh\u0129a \u0111en. S\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia b\u00e2y gi\u1edd c\u0169ng l\u1ec7 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc, h\u01a1n bao gi\u1edd h\u1ebft, \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i l\u1edbn cho nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap d\u1edf b\u1ecf c\u00e1c ranh gi\u1edbi giai c\u1ea5p c\u00f2n di l\u1ea1i t\u1eeb qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2014Clark Kerr<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi t\u1eeb l\u00e2u s\u1ed1ng trong s\u1ef1 “c\u1ea1nh tranh ch\u1ea5t x\u00e1m v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i”, th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng hi\u1ec7n nay n\u1ec1n gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc M\u1ef9 \u0111ang \u0111\u1ee9ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng ch\u01b0a t\u1eebng c\u00f3 trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, t\u1ef1 do h\u1ecdc thu\u1eadt b\u1ecb x\u00e2m ph\u1ea1m v\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n t\u00e0i tr\u1ee3 \u0111ang b\u1ecb c\u1eaft gi\u1ea3m t\u00f9y ti\u1ec7n b\u1edfi m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb t\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng m\u1ecb d\u00e2n v\u00e0 chuy\u00ean quy\u1ec1n \u0111ang g\u00e2y \u00e1p l\u1ef1c l\u00ean to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. Khi Max Planck n\u00f3i, n\u1ebfu thanh l\u1ecdc h\u1ebft nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 g\u1ed1c Do Th\u00e1i th\u00ec \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n khoa h\u1ecdc n\u1eefa, Adolf Hitler tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi, v\u1eady th\u00ec ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n khoa h\u1ecdc.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t t\u1ea5m \u1ea3nh \u0111\u00e1ng s\u1ee3: \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Friedrich-Wilhelm (t\u1ee9c Humboldt \u1edf Berlin sau n\u00e0y) trong ng\u00e0y l\u1ec5 k\u1ef7 ni\u1ec7m 125 n\u0103m th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp, 1810-1935. Ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a qu\u1ed1c x\u00e3 \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ed1ng tr\u1ecb to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0110\u1ee9c, v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a n\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc v\u1ebd vang n\u00e0y s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5 nhanh ch\u00f3ng. Khi nh\u1eefng b\u00e0n tay l\u00f4ng l\u00e1 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb th\u1ed1ng tr\u1ecb, th\u00ec \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n l\u00e0 th\u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ecdc thu\u1eadt n\u1eefa. N\u01a1i \u0111\u00e2u \u00fd th\u1ee9c h\u1ec7 b\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o, th\u00ec h\u1ecdc thu\u1eadt b\u01b0\u1edbc ra. \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi t\u1eebng suy t\u00e0n \u1edf th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XVIII sau th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i th\u0103ng hoa, c\u0169ng v\u00ec th\u1ebf, tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u Humboldt l\u00e0m s\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i. Xem th\u00eam s\u00e1ch \u0110\u1ea0I H\u1eccC<\/strong>.<\/a><\/p>\n

Trong t\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 202 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111o\u1ea1t gi\u1ea3i Nobel trong c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c V\u1eadt l\u00fd, H\u00f3a h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 Y h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 n\u00e0y, ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn 70% xu\u1ea5t th\u00e2n t\u1eeb qu\u1ed1c gia n\u01a1i h\u1ecd nh\u1eadn gi\u1ea3i. 63 ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e3 r\u1eddi kh\u1ecfi \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u01a1i m\u00ecnh sinh ra tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trao gi\u1ea3i Nobel – v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f4i khi h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua c\u00e1c bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n, theo ph\u00e2n t\u00edch c\u1ee7a Nature<\/em> (xem s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 \u201cD\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y Nobel\u201d). Tr\u1eeb Einstein l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi di t\u1ea3n qua M\u1ef9 v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o ra th\u00eam nhi\u1ec1u gi\u1ea3i Nobel cho n\u01b0\u1edbc M\u1ef9. Nh\u01b0ng \u00f4ng c\u0169ng l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u1eadp c\u01b0 sang Th\u1ee5y S\u0129 cu\u1ed1i th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XIX v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh \u1edf \u0111\u00f3, t\u00e0i n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng th\u0103ng hoa \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XX.<\/p>\n

Trong s\u1ed1 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111o\u1ea1t gi\u1ea3i Nobel \u0111\u00e3 di c\u01b0, c\u00f3 hai trong ba nh\u00e0 h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 \u0111o\u1ea1t gi\u1ea3i v\u00e0o h\u00f4m th\u1ee9 T\u01b0 [8\/10\/2025]. Richard Robson sinh ra t\u1ea1i V\u01b0\u01a1ng qu\u1ed1c Anh, nh\u01b0ng hi\u1ec7n sinh s\u1ed1ng \u1edf \u00dac. C\u00f2n Omar Yaghi, hi\u1ec7n l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng d\u00e2n Hoa K\u1ef3, \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ng\u01b0\u1eddi g\u1ed1c (g\u1ed1c Palestine sinh t\u1ea1i) Jordan \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed nh\u1eadn gi\u1ea3i Nobel v\u1ec1 khoa h\u1ecdc. Hai trong ba nh\u00e0 v\u1eadt l\u00fd \u0111o\u1ea1t gi\u1ea3i Nobel 2025 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u1eadp c\u01b0: Michel Devoret sinh ra \u1edf Ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 John Clarke sinh ra \u1edf V\u01b0\u01a1ng qu\u1ed1c Anh, nh\u01b0ng c\u1ea3 hai hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec1u c\u01b0 tr\u00fa t\u1ea1i Hoa K\u1ef3. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u1eadn gi\u1ea3i Nobel n\u0103m nay c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c nh\u1eadp c\u01b0 \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3, \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u00e0 ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n M\u1ef9 hi\u1ec7n nay mu\u1ed1n ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n.<\/p>\n

M\u1eddi anh ch\u1ecb xem b\u00e0i m\u1edbi tr\u00ean b\u00e1o Tu\u1ed5i Tr\u1ebb<\/strong> ng\u00e0y 13 th\u00e1ng 10, 2025:<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

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Xem link:<\/span><\/p>\n

https:\/\/tuoitre.vn\/giai-nobel-nhin-tu-dong-chay-nhap-cu-20251013083329041.htm<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

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 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

GI\u1ea2I NOBEL NH\u00ccN T\u1eea NH\u1eeeNG D\u00d2NG CH\u1ea2Y NH\u1eacP C\u01af H\u01a0N 30% NH\u1eeeNG NG\u01af\u1edcI \u0110O\u1ea0T GI\u1ea2I NOBEL KHOA H\u1eccC TRONG TH\u1ebe K\u1ef6 N\u00c0Y L\u00c0 NH\u1eeeNG NG\u01af\u1edcI NH\u1eacP C\u01af. XEM D\u00d2NG CH\u1ea2Y C\u1ee6A H\u1ecc. Theo b\u00e1o Nature, ng\u00e0y 9 th\u00e1ng 10 n\u0103m 2025. C\u1eadp nh\u1eadt ng\u00e0y 10 th\u00e1ng 10 n\u0103m 2025 Theo t\u1ea1p ch\u00ed Nature, k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_mi_skip_tracking":false,"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/nguyenxuanxanh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14859"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/nguyenxuanxanh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/nguyenxuanxanh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/nguyenxuanxanh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/nguyenxuanxanh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=14859"}],"version-history":[{"count":20,"href":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/nguyenxuanxanh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14859\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":14892,"href":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/nguyenxuanxanh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14859\/revisions\/14892"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/nguyenxuanxanh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=14859"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/nguyenxuanxanh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=14859"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/nguyenxuanxanh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=14859"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}