{"id":16385,"date":"2026-07-25T17:22:51","date_gmt":"2026-07-25T10:22:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/nguyenxuanxanh\/?p=16385"},"modified":"2026-07-25T20:11:28","modified_gmt":"2026-07-25T13:11:28","slug":"phan-chau-trinh-ve-bat-nhu-hoc-chi-bang-hoc","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/nguyenxuanxanh\/phan-chau-trinh-ve-bat-nhu-hoc-chi-bang-hoc\/","title":{"rendered":"Phan Ch\u00e2u Trinh v\u1ec1 B\u1ea5t nh\u01b0 h\u1ecdc\/Chi b\u1eb1ng h\u1ecdc<\/i>"},"content":{"rendered":"

PHAN CH\u00c2U TRINH<\/span><\/h1>\n

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\"\"<\/p>\n

“B\u1ea5t nh\u01b0 h\u1ecdc”<\/span><\/i><\/span><\/h1>\n

\u2014 <\/i>Phan Ch\u00e2u Trinh<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(nguy\u00ean b\u1ea3n ch\u1eef H\u00e1n, trong b\u00e0i \u201cHi\u1ec7n tr\u1ea1ng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1\u201d, \u0111\u0103ng tr\u00ean t\u1edd \u0110\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t T\u00e2n B\u00e1o ch\u1eef H\u00e1n ng\u00e0y 22\/12\/1907 s\u1ed1 135)<\/em><\/span><\/i><\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cNh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta l\u00e0 n\u1eb1m ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu trong s\u1ef1 h\u1ecdc h\u00e0nh, m\u1edf mang tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7.\u201d<\/span> <\/em><\/span><\/h1>\n

\u2014 Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh<\/strong>, <\/span><\/p>\n

(di\u1ec5n gi\u1ea3i “B\u1ea5t nh\u01b0 h\u1ecdc” c\u1ee7a Phan Ch\u00e2u Trinh trong b\u1ea3n ti\u1ebfng Ph\u00e1p \u201cR\u00e9flexions sur le temps pr\u00e9sent\u201d [Ngh\u0129 v\u1ec1 th\u1eddi hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i\/ Hi\u1ec7n tr\u1ea1ng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1] ng\u00e0y 29\/12\/1907 tr\u00ean t\u1edd Pionnier Indo-Chinois\/Ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ti\u00ean phong \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng)<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

“Chi b\u1eb1ng h\u1ecdc”<\/span><\/em><\/span><\/h1>\n

\u2014 Hu\u1ef3nh Th\u00fac Kh\u00e1ng <\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

(di\u1ec5n gi\u1ea3i th\u00e0nh ch\u1eef Qu\u1ed1c ng\u1eef trong b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft \u201cB\u00e0i \u2018Hi\u1ec7n tr\u1ea1ng v\u1ea5n-\u0111\u1ec1\u2019 n\u0103m 1907\u201d, \u0111\u0103ng tr\u00ean m\u1ee5c: \u201cM\u1ed9t b\u00e0i lu\u1eadn th\u1eddi cu\u1ed9c r\u1ea5t xu\u1ea5t s\u1eafc tr\u00ean b\u00e1o gi\u1edbi ta tr\u01b0\u1edbc 25 n\u0103m nay\u201d c\u1ee7a b\u00e1o Ti\u1ebfng D\u00e2n s\u1ed1 613, ng\u00e0y 9\/8\/1933 t\u1ea1i Hu\u1ebf.)<\/span><\/span><\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

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T<\/span>\u1ea1p ch\u00ed X\u01b0a v\u00e0 Nay, <\/strong>c\u01a1 quan ng\u00f4n lu\u1eadn c\u1ee7a H\u1ed9i Khoa h\u1ecdc L\u1ecbch s\u1eed Vi\u1ec7t Nam, trong <\/span>s\u1ed1 k\u1ef7 ni\u1ec7m 100 n\u0103m ng\u00e0y m\u1ea5t Phan Ch\u00e2u Trinh n\u0103m nay c\u00f3 \u0111\u0103ng t\u1ea3i nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i r\u1ea5t gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb. <\/span>B\u00e0i nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u sau \u0111\u00e2y c\u1ee7a t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 Nguy\u1ec5n Quang Trung Ti\u1ebfn<\/strong> l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng phu, t\u1ec9 m\u1ec9, r\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u th\u00eam t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1i h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u00e0 Phan Ch\u00e2u Trinh v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 \u00e1i qu\u1ed1c Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u00e3 quan ni\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XX:<\/span><\/p>\n

QUAN NI\u1ec6M \u201cCHI B\u1eb0NG H\u1eccC\u201d<\/span>
\nD\u1ea4U \u1ea4N V\u00c0 NH\u1eeeNG GI\u00c1 TR\u1eca B\u1ec0N V\u1eeeNG<\/span><\/h1>\n

QUAN NIEM CHI BANG HOC…- NGUYEN QUANG TRUNG TIEN<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

(C\u1ea3m \u01a1n T\u1ea1p ch\u00ed \u0111\u00e3 cho ph\u00e9p \u0111\u0103ng l\u1ea1i.<\/span>)<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

BIA 1_TCXN_SO 586_Tha\u0301ng 4-2026_PHAN CHA\u0302U TRINH_21-4-2026AM<\/a><\/p>\n

C<\/span>\u00e1i h\u1ecdc, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 h\u1ecdc s\u00e2u, h\u1ecdc r\u1ed9ng, h\u1ecdc th\u1ef1c, v\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n kinh t\u1ebf-x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, v\u1eabn c\u00f2n l\u00e0 m\u00f3n n\u1ee3 r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ch\u00fang ta. S\u1ee9c \u1ef3 c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u1eabn c\u00f2n r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn, c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u1ebf m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1 v\u1ee1, nh\u01b0 Park Chung Hee t\u1eebng ph\u00e1 v\u1ee1 s\u1ef1 th\u1ed1ng tr\u1ecb tinh th\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a gi\u1edbi quan l\u1ea1i-h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 yanbang <\/em>\u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 th\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc.<\/em>\u00a0\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia mu\u1ed1n ti\u1ebfn l\u00ean tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi l\u1ea1c h\u1eadu, b\u1eaft k\u1ecbp c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, s\u1ef1 h\u1ecdc l\u00e0 m\u1ec7nh l\u1ec7nh qu\u1ed1c gia<\/em><\/strong>, \u1ea4n \u0111\u1ed9, Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n, Trung Qu\u1ed1c, H\u00e0n Qu\u1ed1c, \u0110\u00e0i Loan, Singapore … \u1ea4n \u0111\u1ed9 r\u1ea5t n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng v\u1edbi gi\u1ea3i Nobel v\u1eadt l\u00fd \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean n\u0103m 1930 cho nh\u00e0 v\u1eadt l\u00fd Chandrasekhara Venkata Raman (1888-1970) trong khi qu\u1ed1c gia v\u1eabn c\u00f2n n\u1eb1m d\u01b0\u1edbi \u00e1ch th\u1ed1ng tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a Anh qu\u1ed1c cho \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00e1ng 8 n\u0103m 1947. B\u1ee9t ph\u00e1 k\u1ebf ti\u1ebfp l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i Nobel v\u1eadt l\u00fd d\u00e0nh cho Hideki Yukawa (1907-1981), Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n, n\u0103m 1949, m\u1edf m\u00e0n cho m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 th\u0103ng hoa h\u1ecdc thu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n k\u00e9o d\u00e0i cho \u0111\u1ebfn h\u00f4m nay. Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u00f3 Ng\u00f4 B\u1ea3o Ch\u00e2u v\u1edbi Gi\u1ea3i Fields To\u00e1n h\u1ecdc n\u0103m 2010, t\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u01b0ng cho tinh th\u1ea7n b\u1ee9t ph\u00e1, tr\u00ean n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng kinh t\u1ebf-h\u1ecdc thu\u1eadt c\u00f2n th\u1ea5p c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam. GS Ng\u00f4 B\u1ea3o Ch\u00e2u \u0111\u00e3 th\u0103ng hoa tr\u00ean n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng v\u0103n h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n l\u00e2u \u0111\u1eddi, kh\u00f4ng nh\u01b0 <\/span>Raman hay Yukawa nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u0103ng hoa t\u1ea1i ch\u1ed7. <\/span><\/p>\n

M\u1eb7t b\u1eb1ng s\u1ef1 h\u1ecdc \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam, s\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ecdc s\u00e1ch, s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 th\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc, v\u1eabn c\u00f2n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e3i thi\u1ec7n r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u. M\u1ed9t t\u00e2m l\u00fd t\u1eeb x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u00e3 xen v\u00e0o, l\u00e0 d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 c\u00f3 c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0m cho con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00e1nh m\u1ea5t l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng tr\u1ecdng s\u1ef1 h\u1ecdc truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng, ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0o l\u1ea1i s\u1ee3 h\u1ecdc nhi\u1ec1u. Nh\u00ecn chung, s\u1ef1 h\u1ecdc ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ee7 m\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1ec3 “gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t” ch\u00fang ta kh\u1ecfi s\u1ef1 l\u1ea1c h\u1eadu, \u0111\u1ec3 m\u01b0\u1ee3n t\u1eeb c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 v\u0103n Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh. <\/span><\/p>\n

Sau 40 n\u0103m \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi, Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111ang b\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 t\u1ea1m g\u1ecdi \u0110\u1ed5i M\u1edbi L\u1ea7n Hai, \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi tinh th\u1ea7n h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd, th\u1ef1c d\u1ee5ng h\u01a1n, nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng c\u0103n b\u1ea3n h\u01a1n, nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n ch\u01b0a t\u1eebng c\u00f3 trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t c<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc M\u1ef9. Sau Th\u1ebf chi\u1ebfn II, t\u01b0\u1edbng n\u0103m sao Dwight Eisenhower \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea7u l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Columbia (\u0110H n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o ra ba v\u1ecb T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng cho n\u01b0\u1edbc M\u1ef9, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 Barack Obama). V\u00e0o l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3, \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 v\u1eadt l\u00fd h\u1ea1t n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng, Isidor Rabi (1898-1988); \u00f4ng c\u0169ng t\u1eebng tham gia v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec1 \u00e1n ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o bom nguy\u00ean t\u1eed Manhattan; v\u00e0 c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh khoa h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i Nobel n\u0103m 1944 (Nuclear magnetic resonance). Trong m\u1ed9t bu\u1ed5i l\u1ec5 vinh danh cho Rabi, Eisenhower c\u00f3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 ban gi\u1ea3ng hu\u1ea5n (faculty) l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m thu\u00ea (employees) c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc. <\/span>Rabi t\u1ee9c th\u00ec ng\u0103n l\u1ea1i: “Xin l\u1ed7i Ng\u00e0i. Ban gi\u1ea3ng hu\u1ea5n kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m thu\u00ea c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc. Ban gi\u1ea3ng hu\u1ea5n l\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc!” C\u00e2u n\u00f3i n\u00e0y tr\u1edf n\u00ean n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng. Eisenhower, c\u00f3 l\u1ebd t\u1ee9c, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng gi\u1eadn, t\u1ecf ra m\u00ecnh l\u00e0 nh\u00e0 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o. V\u00e0 Rabi sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea1n th\u00e2n nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng trong ban gi\u1ea3ng hu\u1ea5n. Sau n\u00e0y khi l\u00e0m T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng, Eisenhower \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ed5 nhi\u1ec7m Rabi v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ch\u1ee9c v\u1ee5 quan tr\u1ecdng. \u0110\u00f3 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a T\u1ef1 do h\u00e0n l\u00e2m<\/em> \u1edf ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y, v\u00e0 t\u00ednh t\u1ef1 ch\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ea3n bi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u1edf ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y l\u00e0 Anaximander, ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e1m n\u00f3i th\u1ea7y m\u00ecnh, Thales, sai. Ti\u1ebfp theo l\u00e0 h\u00e0ng lo\u1ea1t s\u1ef1 “n\u1ed5i d\u1eady”. Th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XVII l\u00e0 minh ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 “n\u1ed7i d\u1eady” c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc, Descartes, Galilei, Newton, ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a Aristotle qu\u00e1 \u0111\u00e0 v\u00e0 b\u1ecb l\u1ea1m d\u1ee5ng b\u1edfi quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c. L\u00fd t\u00ednh con ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng cam ch\u1ecbu ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn nh\u1eefng g\u00ec ph\u1ea3n l\u1ea1i n\u00f3. T\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 tr\u1edf \u0111i, ph\u1ea3n bi\u1ec7n l\u00e0 thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thi\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc. Einstein l\u00e0 bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XX.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

B\u1edfi v\u00ec khoa h\u1ecdc c\u0169ng \u0111em ra \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng nh\u1eefng gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c, n\u00f3 d\u1ea1y ch\u00fang ta tr\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1ea5t t\u00ednh ch\u00e2n th\u1eadt v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 t\u00f4n k\u00ednh. <\/span><\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n khoa h\u1ecdc kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c hay \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edbng t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u01b0\u1ee3t kh\u1ecfi khu\u00f4n kh\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng x\u1ee9ng \u0111\u00e1ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1i t\u00ean c\u1ee7a n\u00f3.<\/span><\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

T\u00ednh kh\u00f4ng-m\u00e2u-thu\u1ea9n khoa h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt l\u00fd h\u00e0m ch\u1ee9a tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u00f3 t\u00ednh c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a t\u00ednh-\u0111\u00fang-th\u1eadt, \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u0169ng c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c v\u0103n h\u00f3a v\u00e0 cho m\u1ecdi th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i, v\u00e0 v\u00ec th\u1ebf n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy\u1ec3n \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi v\u1ecb tr\u00ed h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0 cao c\u1ea3 nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ee9c h\u1ea1nh.<\/span><\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

\u2014 Max Planck<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

K<\/span>hoa h\u1ecdc, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc c\u00f3 t\u1ef1 h\u00e0o ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. Nh\u01b0 nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 s\u1eed h\u1ecdc gi\u00e0u t\u00ednh nh\u00e2n v\u0103n M\u1ef9 Jacob Bronowski vi\u1ebft \u201cTri th\u1ee9c l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ec7nh c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta\u201d. T\u00f2 m\u00f2, hay d\u00f9ng t\u1eeb c\u1ee7a Augustine, \u201cs\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng y\u00ean” c\u1ee7a tr\u00e1i tim, lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n mu\u1ed1n \u0111i xa h\u01a1n, kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u201cn\u00e9t c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi\u201d. \u201cX\u00e3 h\u1ed9i n\u00e0o ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n, k\u1ec1m h\u00e3m n\u00f3, s\u1ebd suy tho\u00e1i hay ti\u00eau vong\u201d (Edmund Phelps). Con ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1eebng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o n\u00e2ng l\u00ean l\u00e0 \u201c\u0111\u1ed3ng t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3\u201d v\u1edbi Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u201cnh\u1eefng ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng m\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea5ng s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ea5u b\u00ean trong\u201d.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Khoa h\u1ecdc kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 c\u00e1i m\u00e1y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u1eadp v\u1ec1 r\u1ed3i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 cho ra s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m nhanh nh\u01b0 ta mong mu\u1ed1n. Khoa h\u1ecdc l\u00e0 \u201cm\u1ed9t c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 sinh h\u1ecdc” (organism), v\u00e0, nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 kh\u00e1c, \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u1ed1t, n\u00f3 c\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t m\u1ea3nh \u0111\u1ea5t v\u00e0 th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, m\u1ed9t kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t\u201d nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00e1c s\u0129 \u0110\u1ee9c Erwin von B\u00e4lz (1849- 1913) ph\u00e1t bi\u1ec3u n\u0103m 1900, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ea1y y khoa 25 n\u0103m t\u1ea1i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Tokyo t\u1eeb 1876. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 v\u00ed n\u00f3 nh\u01b0 \u201cc\u00e2y khoa h\u1ecdc\u201d. Mu\u1ed1n cho c\u00e2y ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 cho ra qu\u1ea3 t\u1ed1t, c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t mi\u1ebfng \u0111\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t cho n\u00f3, m\u1ed9t th\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf t\u1ed1t, \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u1ebf t\u1ed1t, s\u1ef1 trung th\u1ef1c v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt, v\u00e0 lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u0103m s\u00f3c, vun b\u1ed3i. B\u00e4lz kh\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n l\u00e0m ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u2018b\u00e1n tr\u00e1i c\u00e2y\u2019 \u0111\u1ec3 b\u00e1n qu\u1ea3 cho c\u00e1c samurai, m\u00e0 l\u00e0m m\u1ed9t \u201cng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m v\u01b0\u1eddn\u201d ch\u0103m s\u00f3c mi\u1ebfng \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ed1ng m\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. Ch\u1eebng \u0111\u00f3, \u00f4ng tin qu\u1ea3 m\u1edbi ngon. Mu\u1ed1n chinh ph\u1ee5c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khoa h\u1ecdc, tr\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1ea5t c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i gi\u1ed1ng n\u00f3, v\u1ec1 t\u01b0 duy theo l\u00fd t\u00ednh, tinh th\u1ea7n khoa h\u1ecdc, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c, bao g\u1ed3m t\u00ednh trung th\u1ef1c. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u00ednh trung th\u1ef1c nh\u01b0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n ti\u00ean quy\u1ebft, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 khoa h\u1ecdc.<\/span><\/p>\n

Khoa h\u1ecdc kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n \u2018trung t\u00ednh\u2019 \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u0103m xu\u1ed1ng nh\u1eefng mi\u1ebfng \u0111\u1ea5t l\u1ea1 m\u00e0 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng ngay. N\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t organism n\u00ean \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi m\u1ed9t m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ‘sinh h\u1ecdc’ ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng, khoa h\u1ecdc s\u1ebd ch\u1ebft. \u1ede \u0111\u00e2u khoa h\u1ecdc ch\u01b0a ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u1ed1t, \u1edf \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ee7a m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ea7n xem x\u00e9t l\u1ea1i. H\u01a1n 100 n\u0103m qua, t\u1eeb kh\u1ea9u hi\u1ec7u “B\u1ea5t nh\u01b0 h\u1ecdc\/Chi b\u1eb1ng h\u1ecdc” n\u0103m 1907, s\u1ef1 h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng cho m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n b\u1ee9t ph\u00e1, v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 di\u1ec5n ra tr\u00ean c\u00e1i n\u1ec1n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi xa c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 g\u1ea7n \u0111ang ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng v\u0169 b\u00e3o.<\/span><\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 Trung Qu\u1ed1c. N<\/span><\/span>\u1ebfu ta so s\u00e1nh tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n gi\u1eefa Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u00e0 Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u1edf nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1986 v\u00e0 1979 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng c\u1ed9t m\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, th\u00ec GDP \u0111\u1ea7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ee7a hai qu\u1ed1c gia kh\u00f4ng ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch nhau \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3. Tuy nhi\u00ean, n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng v\u00e0 ti\u1ec1m l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t. Cu\u1ed9c c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p ho\u00e1 c\u1ee7a Trung Hoa th\u1ef1c ra \u0111\u00e3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u s\u1edbm h\u01a1n Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n. T\u1eeb 1861, tr\u01b0\u1edbc Minh Tr\u1ecb (1868), \u0111\u1ebfn 1893, \u0111\u00eam tr\u01b0\u1edbc chi\u1ebfn tranh Nh\u1eadt-Nga, Trung Hoa \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1t 24 c\u00f4ng x\u01b0\u1edfng ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o v\u0169 kh\u00ed v\u00e0 t\u00e0u chi\u1ebfn t\u1eadp trung ph\u00eda \u0111\u00f4ng b\u1eafc. Hai c\u00e1i l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 Giang Nam (Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng H\u1ea3i) v\u00e0 Ph\u00fac Ch\u00e2u. 1870 Giang Nam \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng x\u01b0\u1edfng l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t \u0110\u00f4ng \u00c1 v\u1ec1 ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o v\u0169 kh\u00ed, c\u00f3 ng\u00e2n qu\u1ef9 cao g\u1ea5p ba l\u1ea7n ng\u00e2n qu\u1ef9 c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng x\u01b0\u1edfng t\u00e0u l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t Yokosuka c\u1ee7a Nh\u1eadt. Trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m cu\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a Th\u1ebf chi\u1ebfn I, nh\u1eefng th\u1ee3 c\u00f3 k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng cao t\u1ea1i Ph\u00fac Ch\u00e2u \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o chi\u1ebfc phi c\u01a1 \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a Trung Hoa. C\u00e1c k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf ch\u00ednh (nh\u01b0 Ba Yu Cao hay Tsoo Wong) l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p t\u1eeb MIT.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng x\u01b0\u1edfng n\u00e0y c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 Thanh t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c d\u1ecbch thu\u1eadt s\u00e1ch khoa h\u1ecdc, c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0 quy m\u00f4 h\u01a1n v\u00e0 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c t\u1ed1t trong c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc. H\u1ecd \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o nh\u00e2n s\u1ef1 k\u1ef9 s\u01b0, k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt vi\u00ean v\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac s\u01b0 cho c\u00e1c nhu c\u1ea7u c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f4ng c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 t\u01b0 ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng t\u0103ng v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 20. John Fryer (1839-1928), nh\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n gi\u00e1o Tin l\u00e0nh ng\u01b0\u1eddi Anh t\u1ea1i Trung Hoa, v\u00e0 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed3ng nghi\u1ec7p kh\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0a to\u00e1n vi t\u00edch ph\u00e2n kho\u1ea3ng gi\u1eefa th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 19, c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u trong vi\u1ec7c d\u1ecbch thu\u1eadt c\u00e1c t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m khoa h\u1ecdc, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00e0 Thanh tuy\u00ean d\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00f4ng tr\u1ea1ng hai l\u1ea7n, \u0111\u00e3 vi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng \u201cC\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c cung c\u1ea5p tri th\u1ee9c h\u1eefu d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a khoa h\u1ecdc cho Trung Hoa v\u1eabn c\u00f2n c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ed5 c\u1ea3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng h\u1ecdc ch\u1ec9 bi\u1ebft c\u00f3 T\u1ee9 th\u01b0 v\u00e0 Ng\u0169 kinh t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng thi.\u201d\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0ng s\u1ef1 th\u1ee9c t\u1ec9nh l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb cu\u1ed9c th\u1ea5t tr\u1eadn trong cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh Nh\u1eadt-Thanh 1895. Tr\u00ed th\u1ee9c Trung Qu\u1ed1c m\u1edbi nh\u1eadn ra to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a khoa h\u1ecdc, c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y m\u00e0 Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n \u0111\u00e3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh b\u1ee9t ph\u00e1. Khoa h\u1ecdc hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i v\u00e0 c\u1ea3 gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy\u1ec1n b\u00e1 tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp t\u1eeb Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u khoa h\u1ecdc, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft. <\/span>C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 v\u1eadt l\u00fd hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a Trung Hoa \u0111\u1ec1u h\u1ecdc t\u1eeb Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n, v\u00e0 h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a thuy\u1ebft t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ecd t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1917.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

S\u1ef1 chuy\u1ec3n m\u00ecnh v\u1ec1 nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c trong gi\u1edbi tr\u00ed th\u1ee9c Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1edbi cao \u0111i\u1ec3m trong Phong tr\u00e0o Ng\u0169 T\u1ee9<\/em> n\u0103m 1919. Th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t s\u00f4i n\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi tr\u00ed th\u1ee9c Trung Hoa, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cTh\u1eddi k\u1ef3 V\u0103n h\u00f3a M\u1edbi<\/em>\u201d, v\u00e0 s\u1ebd c\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng l\u00e2u d\u00e0i l\u00ean l\u1ecbch s\u1eed hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a Trung Hoa. Phong tr\u00e0o n\u00e0y k\u00e9o d\u00e0i t\u1eeb 1917- 1921. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 phong tr\u00e0o khai s\u00e1ng quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a Trung Hoa c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng n\u00e9t gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 cu\u1ed9c c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n Minh Tr\u1ecb x\u00e9t v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c. N\u00f3 c\u00f3 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t \u2018radical\u2019, \u2018t\u1ea3\u2019 h\u01a1n, b\u1edfi t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a Trung Hoa \u0111\u00e3 qu\u00e1 t\u1ed3i t\u1ec7, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u d\u1ec5 hi\u1ec3u. Tr\u00ed th\u1ee9c Trung Hoa g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 cu\u1ed3ng nhi\u1ec7t tin t\u01b0\u1edfng khoa h\u1ecdc <\/em>v\u00e0 d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7<\/em> s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc. \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc B\u1eafc Kinh, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp cu\u1ed1i th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XIX, tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh trung t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi. C\u00e1c h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y nh\u01b0 John Dewey v\u00e0 Bertrand Russell \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ebfn th\u0103m Trung Qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0o th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ea1i Ng\u0169 T\u1ee9. Einstein c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec7u tr\u01b0\u1edfng Th\u00e1i Nguy\u00ean B\u1ed3i gh\u00e9 di\u1ec5n thuy\u1ebft tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng th\u0103m Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n n\u0103m 1922. N\u1ebfu Nghi\u00eam Ph\u1ee5c (Yan Fu) \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ecbch t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m Ph\u1ed3n vinh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia<\/em> c\u1ee7a Adam Smith n\u0103m 1901, th\u00ec t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m Thuy\u1ebft t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i h\u1eb9p v\u00e0 r\u1ed9ng<\/em> c\u1ee7a Einstein \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ecbch v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1922, ch\u1ec9 m\u1ed9t n\u0103m sau Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n (Vi\u1ec7t Nam ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ee3i t\u1edbi 2018) <\/span><\/p>\n

Nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 vai tr\u00f2 khoa h\u1ecdc kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n v\u00e0o gi\u1edbi tr\u00ed th\u1ee9c n\u1ed3ng c\u1ed1t. Th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn khoa h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ea1i ch\u00fang, gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o ngu\u1ed3n nh\u00e2n l\u1ef1c, m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd d\u01b0\u1edbi th\u1eddi Qu\u1ed1c d\u00e2n \u0111\u1ea3ng (KMT) 1928-1949. Nh\u00e0 trung qu\u1ed1c h\u1ecdc Joseph Needham c\u00f3 \u1ea5n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng r\u1ea5t m\u1ea1nh v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00f3, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7n Gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c Khoa h\u1ecdc Cam T\u00fac (Guansu Science Education Institute).<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t \u1ea5n ph\u1ea9m v\u1ec1 khoa h\u1ecdc ph\u1ed5 th\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u01b0ng b\u00e0y b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i Vi\u1ec7n Gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c Khoa h\u1ecdc Cam T\u00fac. \u1ea2nh do Vi\u1ec7n Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u Needham cung c\u1ea5p.<\/p>\n

Tuy gi\u1edbi tr\u00ed th\u1ee9c, khoa h\u1ecdc Trung Qu\u1ed1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb ki\u1ec7t qu\u1ec7 v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng, x\u00fac ph\u1ea1m v\u1ec1 nh\u00e2n ph\u1ea9m trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng v\u0103n h\u00f3a, nh\u01b0ng ni\u1ec1m tin<\/em> c\u1ee7a Ng\u0169 T\u1ee9 v\u00e0o s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee9u r\u1ed7i \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1eb1ng khoa h\u1ecdc, d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 v\u1eabn ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c s\u1ed1ng ti\u1ebfp trong tim h\u1ecd, \u0111\u1ec3 r\u1ed3i ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1979. N\u0103m n\u00e0y, c\u0169ng l\u00e0 n\u0103m k\u1ef7 ni\u1ec7m sinh nh\u1eadt th\u1ee9 100 c\u1ee7a Einstein, h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c m\u1ed9t l\u1ec5 k\u1ef7 ni\u1ec7m l\u1edbn, \u0111\u1ec3 g\u1eedi \u0111i th\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi r\u1eb1ng, tinh th\u1ea7n khoa h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i \u1edf Trung Qu\u1ed1c. Ch\u00ednh ni\u1ec1m tin \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1eddi b\u1eb1ng khoa h\u1ecdc<\/em> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1eafc s\u00e2u v\u00e0o tr\u00e1i tim kh\u1ed1i \u00f3c con ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0 nh\u00e2n t\u1ed1 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc, nh\u01b0 nh\u00e0 kinh t\u1ebf h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3i Nobel Joel Mokyr nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

T<\/span>rong khi \u0111\u00f3, phong tr\u00e0o \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi c\u00f9ng th\u1eddi \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ee7 m\u1ea1nh v\u1ec1 l\u1ef1c c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c. Phong tr\u00e0o T\u1ef1 l\u1ef1c v\u0103n \u0111o\u00e0n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi \u0111\u00e1ng tr\u00e2n tr\u1ecdng, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 xem nh\u01b0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi phong tr\u00e0o V\u0103n h\u00f3a m\u1edbi c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c, nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ec9 d\u1eebng t\u1ea1i \u0111\u00f3. Ng\u1ecdn gi\u00f3 m\u1ea1nh cu\u1ed9c canh t\u00e2n v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n, th\u1ed5i qua Trung Hoa, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ea1t qua nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch l\u1edbn Trung Qu\u1ed1c nh\u01b0 Khang H\u1eefu Vi v\u00e0 L\u01b0\u01a1ng Kh\u1ea3i Si\u00eau trong phong tr\u00e0o Ng\u0169 T\u1ee9, th\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ebfn Vi\u1ec7t Nam qua d\u1ea1ng T\u00e2n th\u01b0,\u00a0<\/em><\/span>l\u00e0m lay \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd c\u00e1c s\u0129 phu Vi\u1ec7t Nam, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee5 Phan ghi l\u1ea1i nh\u01b0 sau: \u201cM\u1ed9t h\u00f4m, b\u1ed7ng nhi\u00ean ch\u1ee3t t\u1ec9nh c\u01a1n m\u00ea, nh\u01b0 v\u00e9n m\u00e2y m\u00f9 tr\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y tr\u1eddi xanh, nh\u01b0 v\u1eeba ra kh\u1ecfi bu\u1ed3ng t\u1ed1i nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi hay m\u1eb7t tr\u0103ng. Ni\u1ec1m vui \u0111\u00f3 n\u00f3i sao cho h\u1ebft.\u201d Nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng may, nh\u01b0 c\u1ed1 h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 V\u0129nh S\u00ednh vi\u1ebft: \u201cTuy nhi\u00ean, tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf \u2018ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00f4ng hi\u1ec3u th\u00ec \u00edt m\u00e0 k\u1ebb ngoan c\u1ed1 l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u\u2019 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i do s\u1ef1 sai l\u1ea7m c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 b\u00e1t c\u1ed5 (nho s\u0129) c\u1ed1 g\u00e2y ra v\u1eabn c\u00f2n \u0111\u1ea7y r\u1eaby.\u201d <\/span>N\u1eeda th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 tr\u01b0\u1edbc, th\u1eddi Nguy\u1ec5n Tr\u01b0\u1eddng T\u1ed9, \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 t\u00e2n v\u0103n<\/em>, g\u1ed3m hai quy\u1ec3n s\u00e1ch quan tr\u1ecdng Danh ho\u00e0n ch\u00ed l\u01b0\u1ee3c<\/em> c\u1ee7a T\u1eeb K\u1ebf D\u01b0 (1842, kh\u00e1i l\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ecba l\u00fd) v\u00e0 H\u1ea3i qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed3 ch\u00ed<\/em> c\u1ee7a Ng\u1ee5y Nguy\u00ean (1842), c\u1ea3 hai vi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, c\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng l\u00ean nh\u1eefng s\u0129 phu th\u1ee9c th\u1eddi. Nh\u01b0ng nh\u1eefng n\u1ed5 l\u1ef1c \u0111\u00f3 c\u0169ng d\u1eebng ch\u00e2n.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u0169ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, n\u1ebfu mu\u1ed1n so s\u00e1nh Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u1edbi H\u00e0n Qu\u1ed1c nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1960, ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n bi\u1ebft c\u00e1c n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, v\u0103n h\u00f3a m\u00e0 tr\u00ean \u0111\u00f3 hai qu\u1ed1c gia ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. H\u1ecd c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng c\u00e1i gi\u1ed1ng nhau nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng c\u00e1i r\u1ea5t kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t. L\u1ecbch s\u1eed th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ea7y gi\u00fap ch\u00fang ta hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 b\u1ee9c tranh kh\u00f4ng kh\u00f4 c\u1ee9ng m\u00e0 “b\u1eb1ng x\u01b0\u01a1ng b\u1eb1ng th\u1ecbt” sinh \u0111\u1ed9ng, nh\u01b0 Joel Mokyr n\u00f3i. C\u00e0ng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u s\u00e2u, s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia\/d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c c\u00e0ng l\u1ed9 r\u00f5 ra. Y\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0 c\u1ea7n nh\u00ecn v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt, \u0111\u00fang nh\u01b0 n\u00f3 hi\u1ec7n ra d\u01b0\u1edbi \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng c\u1ee7a nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u. Chu\u1ea9n \u0111\u00fang b\u1ec7nh m\u1edbi ch\u1eefa \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ec7nh.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Isaac Newton<\/strong>. N<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u0103m 2027 k\u1ef7 ni\u1ec7m ng\u00e0y m\u1ea5t th\u1ee9 300 c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i Isaac Newton (1727-2027). Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi hay t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c k\u1ef7 ni\u1ec7m l\u1edbn v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng d\u1ecbp sinh nh\u1eadt hay ng\u00e0y m\u1ea5t nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf. \u0110\u00f3 s\u1ebd l\u00e0 “ph\u00e9p th\u1eed” hay “th\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111o” cho<\/span>\u00a0v\u0103n h\u00f3a khoa h\u1ecdc<\/span> c\u1ee7a <\/span>Vi\u1ec7t Nam. Newton \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng m\u1ed9 v\u00e0 bi\u1ebft \u01a1n h\u01a1n 300 n\u0103m qua nh\u01b0 “\u00f4ng t\u1ed5” c\u1ee7a khoa h\u1ecdc hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i, v\u00e0 to\u00e1n vi t\u00edch ph\u00e2n, nh\u00e0 khai s\u00e1ng. Vi\u1ec7t Nam s\u1ebd l\u00e0m g\u00ec \u0111\u1ec3 b\u00e0y t\u1ecf nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng m\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u00f4ng v\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc t\u1ea1i th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m khoa h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00ecn nh\u1eadn nh\u01b0 qu\u1ed1c s\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kinh t\u1ebf. Newton xu\u1ea5t th\u00e2n t\u1eeb gia \u0111\u00ecnh n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i tri th\u1ee9c hay qu\u00fd t\u1ed9c. B\u1ed1 \u00f4ng, Isaac Newton Senior, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 n\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111ai, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ecdc h\u00e0nh, \u00f4ng th\u1eadm ch\u00ed kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft k\u00fd t\u00ean m\u00ecnh th\u1ebf n\u00e0o. Nh\u01b0ng Newton \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1eed nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t v\u0129 nh\u00e2n, v\u00e0 khi m\u1ea5t, \u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00f4n c\u1ea5t trong tu vi\u1ec7n Westminster, Lu\u00e2n \u0111\u00f4n, n\u01a1i cho \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 d\u00e0nh cho gi\u1edbi ho\u00e0ng gia. Giai c\u1ea5p c\u1ea7m quy\u1ec1n bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng, h\u1ecd c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc cho t\u1ed1t, nh\u01b0ng t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c thi\u00ean t\u00e0i l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a Ch\u00faa. \u0110\u1ea7u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XVIII, \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi (Dr. Johnson) n\u00f3i: “M\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi, n\u1ebfu s\u1ed1ng \u1edf Hy L\u1ea1p c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i, h\u1eb3n s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00f4n th\u1edd nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb th\u1ea7n linh”, \u00e1m ch\u1ec9 Newton. Nh\u00e0 kinh t\u1ebf h\u1ecdc John Maynard Keynes nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh:<\/span><\/p>\n

Newton kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i l\u00fd t\u00ednh. \u00d4ng l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng thu\u1eadt s\u0129 (magician), ng\u01b0\u1eddi cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi Babylon v\u00e0 Sumer, b\u1ed9 \u00f3c v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng nh\u00ecn v\u00e0o th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi h\u1eefu h\u00ecnh v\u00e0 tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 v\u1edbi c\u00f9ng con m\u1eaft nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng di s\u1ea3n tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 ch\u00fang ta sau 10.000 n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc. Isaac Newton, m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ee9a tr\u1ebb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sinh ra m\u1ed3 c\u00f4i v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y l\u1ec5 Gi\u00e1ng sinh n\u0103m 1642, l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee9a tr\u1ebb k\u1ef3 di\u1ec7u cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng m\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1o s\u0129 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u00e0y t\u1ecf l\u00f2ng t\u00f4n k\u00ednh ch\u00e2n th\u00e0nh v\u00e0 th\u00edch \u0111\u00e1ng.\u00a0<\/span>[…]\u00a0\u00d4ng coi v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t m\u1eadt m\u00e3 do \u0110\u1ea5ng To\u00e0n N\u0103ng \u0111\u1eb7t ra – gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 ch\u00ednh \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 d\u00f9ng m\u1eadt m\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra ph\u00e9p t\u00ednh vi ph\u00e2n v\u00e0 t\u00edch ph\u00e2n khi trao \u0111\u1ed5i v\u1edbi Leibniz. \u00d4ng tin r\u1eb1ng, b\u1eb1ng t\u01b0 duy thu\u1ea7n t\u00fay, b\u1eb1ng s\u1ef1 t\u1eadp trung t\u00e2m tr\u00ed, b\u00ed \u1ea9n s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00e9 l\u1ed9 cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi khai t\u00e2m.<\/span><\/p>\n

Khoa h\u1ecdc Newton \u0111\u00fang l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t m\u1eb7c kh\u1ea3i <\/span><\/em>(revelation). T\u1ea1i l\u1ec5 m\u1eebng sinh nh\u1eadt 300 n\u0103m c\u1ee7a Newton, di\u1ec5n ra n\u0103m 1946, thay v\u00ec 1942 b\u1ecb tr\u1ec5 do chi\u1ebfn tranh, m\u1ed9t h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 t\u1ea1i bu\u1ed5i l\u1ec5 trong ph\u1ea7n khai m\u1ea1c \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t bi\u1ec3u:<\/span><\/p>\n

Ng\u00e0y nay, khoa h\u1ecdc t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean l\u00e0 m\u00f4n h\u1ecdc ph\u1ed5 qu\u00e1t duy nh\u1ea5t; ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef khoa h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi am hi\u1ec3u \u1edf m\u1ecdi n\u01a1i tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a khoa h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 t\u01b0 duy s\u00e2u s\u1eafc t\u00f4n k\u00ednh \u1edf b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 n\u01a1i n\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c theo \u0111u\u1ed5i tri th\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1ng mong mu\u1ed1n. Trong su\u1ed1t cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi m\u00ecnh, nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u c\u1ee7a Newton \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ca ng\u1ee3i kh\u1eafp ch\u00e2u \u00c2u v\u0103n minh; h\u00f4m nay, ch\u00fang ta th\u1ea5y c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t trong c\u0103n ph\u00f2ng n\u00e0y nh\u1eefng h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb n\u0103m ch\u00e2u l\u1ee5c, c\u00f9ng nhau t\u1ee5 h\u1ecdp \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00f4n vinh t\u00ean tu\u1ed5i \u00f4ng.<\/span><\/p>\n

S\u1edf d\u0129 t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 n\u00f3i “ch\u00e2u \u00c2u v\u0103n minh” l\u00e0 v\u00ec c\u00f2n ph\u1ea7n ch\u00e2u \u00c2u g\u00e2y t\u1ed9i \u00e1c chi\u1ebfn tranh. Ban t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c ch\u1ec9 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn v\u1ecb kh\u00e1ch duy nh\u1ea5t t\u1eeb \u0110\u1ee9c, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 Max Planck.<\/span><\/p>\n

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B\u1ee9c ch\u00e2n dung c\u1ee7a Sir Isaac Newton do Sir Godfrey Kneller v\u1ebd n\u0103m 1702.<\/p>\n

Einstein, trong Ghi ch\u00fa t\u1ef1 truy\u1ec7n<\/em> (1949), sau khi l\u1ef1c h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn c\u1ee7a Newton cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thay th\u1ebf b\u1eb1ng thuy\u1ebft h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn Einstein th\u00f4ng qua kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ed9 cong (curvature) h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc, thay cho l\u1ef1c h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn, \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t bi\u1ec3u: “”Newton, xin h\u00e3y tha th\u1ee9 cho t\u00f4i; \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 t\u00ecm ra con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng duy nh\u1ea5t m\u00e0, trong th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng, m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 s\u1ee9c s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o phi th\u01b0\u1eddng, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.”\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u0103m 2027 Vi\u1ec7t Nam s\u1ebd c\u00f3 h\u1ed9i th\u1ea3o, chi\u1ebfu phim truy\u1ec1n h\u00ecnh v\u1ec1 cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi Newton, xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n s\u00e1ch v\u1ec1 \u00f4ng? M\u1ed9t c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00e2ng cao v\u1ecb th\u1ebf c\u1ee7a khoa h\u1ecdc? T\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m Principia<\/em> c\u1ee7a Newton s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ecbch sang ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t? S\u1ebd c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t Nam, sinh vi\u00ean, nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc, doanh nh\u00e2n, nh\u00e0 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9 \u00f4ng trong Westminster \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ecf l\u00f2ng bi\u1ebft \u01a1n v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng m\u1ed9?\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Hay s\u1ebd c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i h\u00e0nh h\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ec1 trang vi\u00ean Woolsthorpe, n\u01a1i sinh c\u1ee7a Isaac Newton. Ch\u00ednh n\u01a1i \u0111\u00e2y, n\u0103m th\u1ea7n k\u1ef3<\/em> c\u1ee7a Newton \u0111\u00e3 b\u00f9ng n\u1ed5,\u00a0 khi n\u0103m 1665 \u00f4ng v\u1ec1 \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e1nh n\u1ea1n \u0110\u1ea1i d\u1ecbch h\u1ea1ch b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng London v\u00e0 lan r\u1ed9ng kh\u1eafp c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc. C\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ee7a Newton t\u1ea1i Woolsthorpe trong hai n\u0103m sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng ki\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng v\u1ec1 vi t\u00edch ph\u00e2n,<\/sup> quang h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh lu\u1eadt h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn. “T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u00e0 trong hai n\u0103m b\u1ec7nh d\u1ecbch 1665-1666. V\u00ec trong nh\u1eefng ng\u00e0y \u0111\u00f3, t\u00f4i \u0111ang \u1edf \u0111\u1ed9 tu\u1ed5i ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 s\u00e1ng su\u1ed1t v\u1ec1 To\u00e1n h\u1ecdc & Tri\u1ebft h\u1ecdc h\u01a1n b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 l\u00fac n\u00e0o k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3.<\/strong>” L\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 Newton 24 tu\u1ed5i.<\/span><\/p>\n

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Khi Newton qua \u0111\u1eddi n\u0103m 1727, Woolsthorpe \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1eeba k\u1ebf b\u1edfi John Newton, ch\u1eaft c\u1ee7a ch\u00fa \u00f4ng. \u00d4ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 phung ph\u00ed gia s\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh “b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch ch\u1ecdi g\u00e0, \u0111ua ng\u1ef1a, r\u01b0\u1ee3u ch\u00e8 v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng tr\u00f2 d\u1ea1i d\u1ed9t” v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i b\u00e1n t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n \u0111i v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e1n ti\u1ebfp nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n. <\/span>N\u0103m 1942, trang vi\u00ean n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c H\u1ed9i Ho\u00e0ng gia mua l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u1ee7a Qu\u1ef9 Pilgrim Trust, sau \u0111\u00f3 qu\u1ef9 n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 trao t\u1eb7ng cho Qu\u1ef9 Qu\u1ed1c gia \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n.\u00a0Qu\u1ef9 \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 khu v\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a ng\u00f4i nh\u00e0 v\u00e0 m\u1edf m\u1ed9t Trung t\u00e2m Khoa h\u1ecdc, n\u01a1i th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nh\u1eefng kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 c\u1ee7a ri\u00eang m\u00ecnh.<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n c\u00e2y t\u00e1o<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

V\u01b0\u1eddn c\u00e2y \u0103n tr\u00e1i c\u1ee7a trang vi\u00ean Woolsthorpe c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u00e2y t\u00e1o. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta k\u1ec3 r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00e2y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 c\u00e2y m\u00e0 t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 m\u1ed9t qu\u1ea3 t\u00e1o r\u01a1i xu\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 khi\u1ebfn Newton, trong N\u0103m th\u1ea7n k\u1ef3, \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi t\u1ea1i sao t\u00e1o l\u1ea1i lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n r\u01a1i th\u1eb3ng xu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ea5t. C\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 qu\u1ea3 t\u00e1o l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t truy\u1ec1n thuy\u1ebft khoa h\u1ecdc nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1eddi cho l\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn l\u00e0 \u0111\u00fang n\u1ebfu bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng Newton lu\u00f4n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy\u1ec1n c\u1ea3m h\u1ee9ng t\u1eeb th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean xung quanh, v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 Newton \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a ra gi\u1ea3 thuy\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ec1u b\u1ecb h\u00fat b\u1edfi m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 kh\u00e1c v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh l\u1ef1c h\u00fat n\u00e0y li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi nhau, s\u1ee9c h\u00fat qu\u1ea3 t\u00e1o l\u00e0m n\u00f3 r\u01a1i xu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ea5t c\u0169ng l\u00e0 s\u1ee9c h\u00fat gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh tinh tr\u00ean tr\u1eddi.<\/span><\/p>\n

Steve Jobs l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy\u1ec1n c\u1ea3m h\u1ee9ng m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd b\u1edfi c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n tr\u00e1i t\u00e1o r\u01a1i c\u1ee7a Newton khi \u00f4ng ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3o logo \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean cho Apple computer l\u00e0 h\u00ecnh c\u00e2y t\u00e1o, tr\u00e1i t\u00e1o v\u00e0 Newton:<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

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Xem th\u00eam:<\/span><\/p>\n

Phan Ch\u00e2u Trinh \u2013 Sinh nh\u1eadt th\u1ee9 150 (2022)<\/a><\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

S\u1ee9c \u1ef3 c\u1ee7a \u00fd th\u1ee9c khoa h\u1ecdc Vi\u1ec7t Nam (2019)<\/i><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

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Nguy\u1ec5n Xu\u00e2n Xanh<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

PHAN CH\u00c2U TRINH   “B\u1ea5t nh\u01b0 h\u1ecdc” \u2014 Phan Ch\u00e2u Trinh (nguy\u00ean b\u1ea3n ch\u1eef H\u00e1n, trong b\u00e0i \u201cHi\u1ec7n tr\u1ea1ng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1\u201d, \u0111\u0103ng tr\u00ean t\u1edd \u0110\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t T\u00e2n B\u00e1o ch\u1eef H\u00e1n ng\u00e0y 22\/12\/1907 s\u1ed1 135) \u201cNh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta l\u00e0 n\u1eb1m ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu trong s\u1ef1 h\u1ecdc h\u00e0nh, m\u1edf mang tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7.\u201d \u2014 Nguy\u1ec5n<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_mi_skip_tracking":false,"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/nguyenxuanxanh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16385"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/nguyenxuanxanh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/nguyenxuanxanh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/nguyenxuanxanh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/nguyenxuanxanh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=16385"}],"version-history":[{"count":68,"href":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/nguyenxuanxanh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16385\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":16672,"href":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/nguyenxuanxanh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16385\/revisions\/16672"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/nguyenxuanxanh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=16385"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/nguyenxuanxanh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=16385"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/nguyenxuanxanh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=16385"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}