{"id":16919,"date":"2026-08-23T16:52:38","date_gmt":"2026-08-23T09:52:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/nguyenxuanxanh\/?p=16919"},"modified":"2026-08-23T17:10:44","modified_gmt":"2026-08-23T10:10:44","slug":"cuoc-am-sat-tong-thong-my-abraham-lincoln-ngay-14-4-1865","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/nguyenxuanxanh\/cuoc-am-sat-tong-thong-my-abraham-lincoln-ngay-14-4-1865\/","title":{"rendered":"Cu\u1ed9c \u00e1m s\u00e1t T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng M\u1ef9 Abraham Lincoln (Ng\u00e0y 14\/4\/1865)"},"content":{"rendered":"

CU\u1ed8C \u00c1M S\u00c1T T\u1ed2NG TH\u1ed0NG M\u1ef8 ABRAHAM LINCOLN<\/span><\/h1>\n

Ng\u00e0y 14 th\u00e1ng 4, 1865<\/span><\/p>\n

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<\/p>\n

Ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 k\u1ebb th\u00f9, m\u00e0 l\u00e0 b\u1ea1n. (1861)<\/span><\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

\u2014 Abraham Lincoln<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

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T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng Lincoln (12\/2, 1809 \u2013 15\/4, 1865; h\u01b0\u1edfng th\u1ecd 56t). \u1ea2nh ng\u00e0y 9 th\u00e1ng 2, 1864. Anthony Berger<\/p>\n

L\u1eddi n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ea7u<\/em><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a b\u00e1o Th\u1ee5y S\u1ef9 Neue Z\u00fcrcher Zeitung<\/strong> ng\u00e0y 15.08.2026 c\u1ee7a t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 Marc Tribelhorn<\/strong> v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u00fang 161 n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc, 1865, T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng Hoa K\u1ef3 Abraham Lincoln b\u1ecb \u00e1m s\u00e1t t\u1ea1i nh\u00e0 h\u00e1t Ford Theater, <\/strong>Washington DC. <\/strong>Marc Tribelhorn l\u00e0 nh\u00e0 b\u00e1o v\u1ec1 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u1ee7a NZZ, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trao gi\u1ea3i th\u01b0\u1edfng B\u00e1o ch\u00ed Th\u1ee5y S\u0129 n\u0103m 2022. Ti\u00eau \u0111\u1ec1 trong b\u00e0i n\u00e0y do ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u1eb7t l\u1ea1i. B\u00e0i b\u00e1o n\u00f3i l\u00ean b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh Abraham Lincoln b\u1ecb \u00e1m s\u00e1t, n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 c\u1ee7a k\u1ebb \u00e1m s\u00e1t, ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc M\u1ef9, c\u1ea3 B\u1eafc l\u1eabn Nam v\u1ec1 tin T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng b\u1ecb \u00e1m s\u00e1t, m\u1ed9t b\u1ee9c tranh to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n thu nh\u1ecf. Xin c\u1ea3m \u01a1n b\u00e1o Neue Z\u00fcrcher Zeitung<\/strong> v\u00e0 t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 Marc Tribelhorn<\/strong>. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u1ea3nh v\u00e0 t\u01b0 li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00fang t\u00f4i th\u00eam v\u00e0o.<\/p>\n

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\u1ea2nh b\u00e1o The New York Times<\/em> Th\u1ee9 B\u1ea3y, ng\u00e0y 15, th\u00e1ng 4, 1865<\/p>\n

Nguy\u1ec5n Xu\u00e2n Xanh<\/strong><\/p>\n

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\u0110<\/span>\u00c2Y L\u00c0 NG\u00c0Y 14 TH\u00c1NG 4 N\u0102M 1865, TH\u1ee8 S\u00c1U TU\u1ea6N TH\u00c1NH. Ch\u1ec9 v\u00e0i ng\u00e0y tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3, C\u00e1c bang mi\u1ec1n Nam \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea7u h\u00e0ng; N\u1ed9i chi\u1ebfn Hoa K\u1ef3 \u0111\u00e3 k\u1ebft th\u00fac. Sau b\u1ed1n n\u0103m v\u00e0 h\u01a1n 600.000 ng\u01b0\u1eddi thi\u1ec7t m\u1ea1ng, cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ed5 m\u00e1u \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t. N\u00f3 g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 v\u1eady.<\/p>\n

T\u1ea1i Washington, th\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4 b\u00ean b\u1edd s\u00f4ng Potomac, kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng ph\u1ea5n kh\u1edfi; c\u00e1c l\u1ec5 k\u1ef7 ni\u1ec7m chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng v\u1eabn ti\u1ebfp di\u1ec5n, b\u1ea5t ch\u1ea5p ng\u00e0y l\u1ec5 t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o quan tr\u1ecdng. T\u1ea1i Nh\u00e0 h\u00e1t Ford, v\u1edf h\u00e0i k\u1ecbch n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng “Our American Cousin” (Ng\u01b0\u1eddi anh em h\u1ecd M\u1ef9 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta), k\u1ec3 v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 th\u00f4 l\u1ed7 v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi Anh l\u1ecbch thi\u1ec7p, \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ecnh di\u1ec5n t\u1ed1i nay. C\u00e1c gh\u1ebf ng\u1ed3i ch\u1eadt k\u00edn, t\u1ed5ng c\u1ed9ng kho\u1ea3ng 1.700 kh\u00e1n gi\u1ea3, m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n v\u00ec c\u00e1c t\u1edd b\u00e1o \u0111\u00e3 th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb kh\u00e1ch qu\u00fd s\u1ebd c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t: Abraham Lincoln v\u00e0 v\u1ee3 \u00f4ng, b\u00e0 Mary. H\u1ecd \u0111\u1ebfn mu\u1ed9n m\u1ed9t ch\u00fat v\u00e0 ng\u1ed3i v\u00e0o ch\u1ed7 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh trong khu v\u1ef1c VIP, n\u01a1i v\u1ecb t\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng M\u1ef9 ng\u1ed3i tr\u00ean chi\u1ebfc gh\u1ebf b\u1eadp b\u00eanh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb s\u1eb5n cho \u00f4ng. R\u1ed1t cu\u1ed9c, v\u1edbi chi\u1ec1u cao 1m93, \u00f4ng \u1ea5y h\u1eb3n s\u1ebd c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y tho\u1ea3i m\u00e1i.<\/p>\n

Ngay sau 10 gi\u1edd t\u1ed1i, v\u1edf k\u1ecbch tr\u00ean s\u00e2n kh\u1ea5u \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn cao \u0111i\u1ec3m,. Ti\u1ebfng c\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1edbn vang l\u00ean \u1edf c\u1ea3nh th\u1ee9 hai c\u1ee7a m\u00e0n ba. M\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e0n \u00f4ng l\u1ebbn v\u00e0o trong khoang l\u00f4 (loge), tay c\u1ea7m kh\u1ea9u s\u00fang ng\u1eafn Derringer, bi\u1ebft \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y. Anh ta ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ebfn g\u1ea7n t\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 b\u00f3p c\u00f2, ngay gi\u1eefa c\u1ea3nh h\u00e0i h\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a to\u00e0n v\u1edf k\u1ecbch: Vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1n g\u0103m v\u00e0o d\u01b0\u1edbi tai tr\u00e1i c\u1ee7a Lincoln, xuy\u00ean qua n\u00e3o v\u00e0 m\u1eafc k\u1eb9t ph\u00eda sau h\u1ed1c m\u1eaft ph\u1ea3i. T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng Hoa K\u1ef3 ng\u00e3 g\u1ee5c b\u1ea5t t\u1ec9nh.<\/p>\n

T\u00ean s\u00e1t th\u1ee7 nh\u1ea3y v\u1ecdt l\u00ean s\u00e2n kh\u1ea5u m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ea7y k\u1ecbch t\u00ednh, nh\u01b0ng chi\u1ebfc c\u1ef1a gi\u00e0u c\u1ee7a h\u1eafn v\u01b0\u1edbng v\u00e0o l\u00e1 c\u1edd M\u1ef9 tr\u00ean lan can, khi\u1ebfn h\u1eafn ng\u00e3 v\u00e0 g\u00e3y ch\u00e2n tr\u00e1i. Tr\u00e0n \u0111\u1ea7y h\u01b0ng ph\u1ea5n, h\u1eafn l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec7u b\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00e1n gi\u1ea3 v\u00e0 h\u00e9t l\u00ean: “Sic semper tyrannis!”\u2013 “\u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 s\u1ed1 ph\u1eadn c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb b\u1ea1o ch\u00faa!” M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 kh\u00e1n gi\u1ea3 c\u0169ng cho bi\u1ebft \u0111\u00e3 nghe th\u1ea5y: “Mi\u1ec1n Nam \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e1o th\u00f9.”<\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 h\u1ed7n lo\u1ea1n bao tr\u00f9m. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e0n \u00f4ng v\u1eeba bi\u1ebfn m\u1ea5t v\u1edbi t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 k\u1ef3 l\u1ea1 qua l\u1ed1i tho\u00e1t hi\u1ec3m ph\u00eda sau l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng: John Wilkes Booth, ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1eeba k\u1ebf 27 tu\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t gia t\u1ed9c k\u1ecbch ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t di\u1ec5n vi\u00ean n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nh\u00e0 ph\u00ea b\u00ecnh th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u00f2n coi anh ta l\u00e0 “ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e0n \u00f4ng \u0111\u1eb9p trai nh\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc M\u1ef9”. Li\u1ec7u anh ta c\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a m\u00e0n k\u1ecbch? Ti\u1ebfng la h\u00e9t t\u1eeb khu v\u1ef1c VIP gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Ho\u1ea3ng lo\u1ea1n b\u00f9ng n\u1ed5.<\/p>\n

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Di\u1ec5n vi\u00ean n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 ly khai cu\u1ed3ng nhi\u1ec7t: John Wilkes Booth trong m\u1ed9t b\u1ee9c \u1ea3nh ch\u1ee5p n\u0103m 1862. Imago<\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t v\u00e0i b\u00e1c s\u0129 v\u1ed9i v\u00e3 ch\u1ea1y \u0111\u1ebfn Lincoln, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111ang th\u1edf kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec1u. H\u1ecd r\u1ea1ch qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o \u00f4ng v\u00e0 l\u1ea5y c\u1ee5c m\u00e1u \u0111\u00f4ng h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh \u1edf v\u1ebft \u0111\u1ea1n. V\u1ee3 \u00f4ng, Mary, v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng \u0111au kh\u1ed5. C\u00e1c b\u00e1c s\u0129 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u01b0a \u00f4ng \u0111\u1ebfn Nh\u00e0 Tr\u1eafng s\u1ebd qu\u00e1 nguy hi\u1ec3m. Nh\u01b0ng Lincoln c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean \u1edf l\u1ea1i nh\u00e0 h\u00e1t. V\u00ec v\u1eady, c\u00e1c binh l\u00ednh \u0111\u00e3 khi\u00eang \u00f4ng \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 kh\u00e1ch b\u00ean kia \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng. Chi\u1ebfc gi\u01b0\u1eddng qu\u00e1 nh\u1ecf so v\u1edbi th\u00e2n h\u00ecnh cao l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng; Lincoln ph\u1ea3i n\u1eb1m ngang tr\u00ean gi\u01b0\u1eddng. Chi\u1ebfc g\u1ed1i nhanh ch\u00f3ng th\u1ea5m \u0111\u1eabm m\u00e1u.<\/p>\n

Ph\u00f2ng ng\u1ee7 v\u00e0 ph\u00f2ng ch\u1edd tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh trung t\u00e2m ch\u1ec9 huy c\u1ee7a Hoa K\u1ef3 trong m\u1ed9t \u0111\u00eam. Nh\u1eefng b\u00e1c s\u0129 gi\u1ecfi nh\u1ea5t th\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4 \u0111\u1ebfn, c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ph\u1ee5 t\u00e1 th\u00e2n c\u1eadn nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a Lincoln v\u00e0 nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean an ninh. B\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng Chi\u1ebfn tranh Edwin Stanton n\u1eafm quy\u1ec1n ch\u1ec9 huy. \u00d4ng \u0111\u1eb7t qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i trong t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng b\u00e1o \u0111\u1ed9ng cao, ra l\u1ec7nh phong t\u1ecfa ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n Washington, ra l\u1ec7nh d\u00e1n c\u00e1c \u00e1p ph\u00edch truy n\u00e3 kh\u1eafp n\u01a1i v\u00e0 h\u1ee9a ph\u1ea7n th\u01b0\u1edfng k\u1ef7 l\u1ee5c 100.000 \u0111\u00f4 la (t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng g\u1ea7n 2 tri\u1ec7u \u0111\u00f4 la ng\u00e0y nay) cho vi\u1ec7c b\u1eaft gi\u1eef k\u1ebb \u00e1m s\u00e1t Booth. Li\u1ec7u t\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 nghe \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y hay kh\u00f4ng?<\/p>\n

M\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 h\u01a1i th\u1edf c\u1ee7a v\u1ecb t\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng 56 tu\u1ed5i ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng y\u1ebfu \u0111i. S\u00e1ng h\u00f4m sau, l\u00fac 7 gi\u1edd 22 ph\u00fat, Abraham Lincoln \u0111\u00e3 qua \u0111\u1eddi, m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc M\u1ef9, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 v\u01b0\u01a1n l\u00ean t\u1eeb con s\u1ed1 kh\u00f4ng v\u00e0 cho \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u00e0y nay v\u1eabn v\u01b0\u1ee3t tr\u1ed9i h\u01a1n t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 k\u1ebf nhi\u1ec7m \u00f4ng t\u1ea1i Nh\u00e0 Tr\u1eafng. “Gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e2y \u00f4ng \u1ea5y \u0111\u00e3 thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed,” B\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng Chi\u1ebfn tranh Stanton n\u00f3i. Gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e2y \u00f4ng \u1ea5y \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed.<\/p>\n

Nh\u00e0 c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb th\u1ea3o nguy\u00ean<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n

S\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a Abraham Lincoln l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n phi th\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u1ea5t t\u1eebng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed Hoa K\u1ef3. N\u00f3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t t\u00fap l\u1ec1u g\u1ed7 th\u00f4 s\u01a1 gi\u1eefa v\u00f9ng hoang vu cho \u0111\u1ebfn Nh\u00e0 Tr\u1eafng \u1edf Washington. Lincoln l\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n th\u00e2n c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ef1 l\u1eadp, qu\u1ea3 th\u1ef1c l\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n th\u00e2n c\u1ee7a Gi\u1ea5c m\u01a1 M\u1ef9.<\/p>\n

Sinh ra trong ngh\u00e8o kh\u00f3 v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 12 th\u00e1ng 2 n\u0103m 1809, cha \u00f4ng ki\u1ebfm s\u1ed1ng b\u1eb1ng ngh\u1ec1 n\u00f4ng \u1edf v\u00f9ng bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi kh\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7t ph\u00eda T\u00e2y. Gia \u0111\u00ecnh \u00f4ng di chuy\u1ec3n t\u1eeb Kentucky qua Indiana \u0111\u1ebfn Illinois. “Abe”, t\u00ean g\u1ecdi \u00f4ng \u1ecf nh\u00e0, \u00a0l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ee9a tr\u1ebb c\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea7u l\u1edbn l\u00ean tr\u00ean th\u1ea3o nguy\u00ean, bu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c t\u1eeb nh\u1ecf, h\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ecdc h\u00e0nh b\u00e0i b\u1ea3n v\u00e0 ch\u01b0a bao gi\u1edd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c ch\u00ednh quy. L\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ef1 h\u1ecdc, \u00f4ng kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi qua s\u00e1ch v\u1edf. \u00d4ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ea7y r\u1eaby lao \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00e1ng v\u1ea5t v\u1ea3 v\u00e0 b\u1ea1o l\u1ef1c, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 b\u1edfi v\u1ebb ngo\u00e0i c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng: th\u00e2n h\u00ecnh cao g\u1ea7y b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng, vai r\u0169 xu\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 khu\u00f4n m\u1eb7t kh\u00f4ng c\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed1i. \u00d4ng c\u00f3 t\u00ednh c\u00e1ch u s\u1ea7u nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi k\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec7n r\u1ea5t l\u00f4i cu\u1ed1n.<\/p>\n

Sau nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m lang thang l\u00e0m lao \u0111\u1ed9ng ch\u00e2n tay v\u00e0 l\u00e1i thuy\u1ec1n tr\u00ean s\u00f4ng Mississippi, \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 tham gia chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u v\u1edbi t\u01b0 c\u00e1ch ch\u1ec9 huy trong Chi\u1ebfn tranh Black Hawk ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ecba, n\u1ea3y sinh ni\u1ec1m \u0111am m\u00ea ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, t\u1ef1 h\u1ecdc lu\u1eadt v\u00e0 ki\u1ebfm s\u1ed1ng kh\u00e1 gi\u1ea3 nh\u1edd ngh\u1ec1 lu\u1eadt s\u01b0. Tr\u00ean ch\u00ednh tr\u01b0\u1eddng, \u00f4ng c\u1ed1 t\u00ecnh t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ecbnh ki\u1ebfn v\u1ec1 ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh. \u00d4ng t\u1ef1 gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u m\u00ecnh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t th\u00e2n t\u1eeb v\u00f9ng h\u1ebbo l\u00e1nh, nh\u01b0ng th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00f4ng minh nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 c\u00f3 t\u00e0i h\u00f9ng bi\u1ec7n nh\u1ea5t, b\u1ea5t ch\u1ea5p gi\u1ecdng n\u00f3i the th\u00e9 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n

\u00d4ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ef1c d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00fap \u00f4ng v\u01b0\u01a1n l\u00ean ch\u1ee9c v\u1ee5 cao nh\u1ea5t trong n\u01b0\u1edbc. L\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi theo ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c t\u1ef1 do t\u01b0 s\u1ea3n, \u00f4ng gia nh\u1eadp \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a m\u1edbi th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp n\u0103m 1856. B\u1ed1n n\u0103m sau, \u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea7u l\u00e0m T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng th\u1ee9 16 c\u1ee7a Hoa K\u1ef3.<\/p>\n

Tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3, \u00f4ng t\u1eebng n\u00f3i \u0111\u00f9a r\u1eb1ng: \u201cT\u00f4i ph\u1ea3i th\u1eb3ng th\u1eafn th\u1eeba nh\u1eadn m\u00ecnh kh\u00f4ng th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi ch\u1ee9c v\u1ee5 t\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng\u201d. Nh\u01b0ng \u00f4ng l\u00e0 \u1ee9ng c\u1eed vi\u00ean th\u1ecfa hi\u1ec7p m\u00e0 c\u00e1c phe ph\u00e1i kh\u00e1c nhau trong \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd. \u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi, \u0110\u1ea3ng D\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 \u0111ang chia r\u1ebd, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00fap \u00f4ng th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ph\u00ea b\u00ecnh ch\u1ebf gi\u1ec5u ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e0n \u00f4ng h\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn tr\u00ean to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c n\u00e0y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lu\u1eadt s\u01b0 h\u1ea1ng t\u01b0 \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb v\u00f9ng th\u1ea3o nguy\u00ean. Ch\u01b0a bao gi\u1edd \u201cc\u00f3 m\u1ed9t t\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng nh\u1eadm ch\u1ee9c v\u1edbi ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c khi\u00eam t\u1ed1n nh\u01b0 v\u1eady\u201d, m\u1ed9t gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 Harvard m\u1ec9a mai. V\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y x\u1ea3y ra trong cu\u1ed9c kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed n\u01b0\u1edbc M\u1ef9.<\/p>\n

T\u1eeb ng\u00e0y 6 th\u00e1ng 11 n\u0103m 1860, khi Lincoln \u0111\u1eafc c\u1eed t\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng, \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u00e0y 4 th\u00e1ng 3 n\u0103m 1861, khi \u00f4ng nh\u1eadm ch\u1ee9c, n\u01b0\u1edbc M\u1ef9 r\u01a1i v\u00e0o t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng h\u1ed7n lo\u1ea1n. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 v\u1ecb t\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng m\u1edbi lu\u00f4n nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh: “Ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i k\u1ebb th\u00f9 m\u00e0 l\u00e0 b\u1ea1n. Ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p l\u00e0 k\u1ebb th\u00f9 c\u1ee7a nhau”, v\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 tr\u00edch d\u1eabn Ph\u00fac \u00e2m M\u00e1c: “M\u1ed9t ng\u00f4i nh\u00e0 chia r\u1ebd s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ee9ng v\u1eefng”, nh\u01b0ng cu\u1ed9c N\u1ed9i chi\u1ebfn v\u1eabn tr\u1edf n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh kh\u1ecfi, b\u00f9ng ph\u00e1t t\u1eeb v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00f4 l\u1ec7. \u0110\u00f3 s\u1ebd l\u00e0 th\u1eed th\u00e1ch cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi Lincoln.<\/p>\n

\u00d4ng s\u1edbm nh\u1eadn ra ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00f4 l\u1ec7 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t “s\u1ef1 b\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng t\u00e0n b\u1ea1o”. Nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u00f4ng, cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ea5u tranh gi\u1eefa mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p h\u00f3a v\u00e0 mi\u1ec1n Nam n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 d\u1eebng l\u1ea1i \u1edf \u0111\u00f3; m\u00e0 c\u00f2n l\u00e0 v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a n\u1ec1n C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a: “M\u1ee5c ti\u00eau t\u1ed1i cao c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i trong cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn n\u00e0y l\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 Li\u00ean bang; kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 c\u1ee9u v\u00e3n hay x\u00f3a b\u1ecf ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00f4 l\u1ec7,” \u00f4ng t\u1eebng vi\u1ebft. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 li\u00ean k\u1ebft vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng n\u00f4 l\u1ec7 v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 Hoa K\u1ef3, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y khi\u1ebfn \u00f4ng tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng b\u1ea3o th\u1ee7.<\/p>\n

\u00d4ng\u00a0 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng quy\u1ebft \u0111o\u00e1n, thay th\u1ebf nh\u1eefng v\u1ecb t\u01b0\u1edbng b\u1ea5t t\u00e0i v\u00e0 d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng ch\u1ec9 huy nh\u01b0 Ulysses S. Grant, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn v\u00e0o mi\u1ec1n Nam ly khai kh\u00f4ng khoan nh\u01b0\u1ee3ng. Trong t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t n\u00e0y, \u00f4ng ban h\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng s\u1eafc l\u1ec7nh kh\u00f4ng d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00ecnh ch\u1ec9 \u0110\u1ea1o lu\u1eadt Habeas Corpus ho\u1eb7c h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf t\u1ef1 do ng\u00f4n lu\u1eadn. Nh\u01b0ng m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch bi\u1ec7n minh cho ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n

Thi\u00ean t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a Lincoln \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n r\u00f5 sau Tr\u1eadn Gettysburg n\u0103m 1863, tr\u1eadn chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u b\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u1eb7t trong N\u1ed9i chi\u1ebfn. Trong b\u00e0i ph\u00e1t bi\u1ec3u ch\u1ec9 g\u1ed3m m\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00e2u t\u1ea1i l\u1ec5 kh\u00e1nh th\u00e0nh ngh\u0129a trang binh s\u0129 \u1edf n\u01a1i di\u1ec5n ra cu\u1ed9c t\u00e0n s\u00e1t c\u1ee7a chi\u1ebfn tranh, \u00f4ng kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 t\u01b0\u1edfng ni\u1ec7m nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 ng\u00e3 xu\u1ed1ng m\u00e0 c\u00f2n k\u00eau g\u1ecdi “s\u1ef1 t\u00e1i sinh c\u1ee7a t\u1ef1 do” v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 n\u1ec1n d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7, \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1eefng hy sinh to l\u1edbn kh\u00f4ng tr\u1edf n\u00ean v\u00f4 \u00edch: “\u0111\u1ec3 cho ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n, do nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n v\u00e0 v\u00ec nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n, s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd bi\u1ebfn m\u1ea5t kh\u1ecfi tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t<\/strong>.” Chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng trong cu\u1ed9c N\u1ed9i chi\u1ebfn v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 4 n\u0103m 1865 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a Lincoln tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a n\u1ec1n d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 M\u1ef9 – v\u00e0 l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng b\u1ed1n tri\u1ec7u n\u00f4 l\u1ec7.<\/p>\n

T\u1eeb l\u00e2u, \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng t\u00ednh m\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh \u0111ang g\u1eb7p nguy hi\u1ec3m.<\/p>\n

V\u1ee5 b\u1eaft c\u00f3c b\u1ea5t th\u00e0nh<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n
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“V\u00e0i ng\u00e0y tr\u01b0\u1edbc chuy\u1ebfn th\u0103m Nh\u00e0 h\u00e1t Ford, Lincoln c\u0169ng c\u00f3 linh c\u1ea3m v\u1ec1 c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. \u00d4ng m\u01a1 th\u1ea5y trong Ph\u00f2ng \u0110\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a Nh\u00e0 Tr\u1eafng, m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfc quan t\u00e0i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u01b0ng b\u00e0y, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c binh l\u00ednh canh g\u00e1c. Khi \u00f4ng h\u1ecfi ai \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ebft, \u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi: “T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng. \u00d4ng \u1ea5y \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb \u00e1m s\u00e1t.”<\/span><\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

Ngay t\u1eeb th\u00e1ng 8 n\u0103m 1864, Abraham Lincoln \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t v\u1ee5 \u00e1m s\u00e1t. Khi \u00f4ng c\u01b0\u1ee1i ng\u1ef1a tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 dinh th\u1ef1 m\u00f9a h\u00e8 v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t bu\u1ed5i t\u1ed1i mu\u1ed9n, c\u00e1ch Nh\u00e0 Tr\u1eafng v\u00e0i d\u1eb7m, m\u1ed9t k\u1ebb t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng kh\u00f4ng r\u00f5 danh t\u00ednh \u0111\u00e3 b\u1eafn \u00f4ng. Vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1n s\u01b0\u1ee3t qua \u0111\u1ea7u \u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 c\u00e1ch v\u00e0i centimet, nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i xuy\u00ean qua chi\u1ebfc m\u0169 ch\u00f3p cao c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng. C\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p an ninh cho t\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 Lincoln \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i \u0111\u00f9a r\u1eb1ng \u00f4ng kh\u00f4ng ch\u1eafc m\u00ecnh s\u1ee3 vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a k\u1ebb b\u1eafn s\u00fang h\u01a1n con ng\u1ef1a \u0111ang n\u1ed5i lo\u1ea1n h\u01a1n hay kh\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n

V\u00e0i ng\u00e0y tr\u01b0\u1edbc chuy\u1ebfn th\u0103m Nh\u00e0 h\u00e1t Ford, Lincoln c\u0169ng c\u00f3 linh c\u1ea3m v\u1ec1 c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. \u00d4ng m\u01a1 th\u1ea5y trong Ph\u00f2ng \u0110\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a Nh\u00e0 Tr\u1eafng, m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfc quan t\u00e0i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u01b0ng b\u00e0y, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c binh l\u00ednh canh g\u00e1c. Khi \u00f4ng h\u1ecfi ai \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ebft, \u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi: “T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng. \u00d4ng \u1ea5y \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb \u00e1m s\u00e1t.”<\/p>\n

T\u00ean di\u1ec5n vi\u00ean sa ng\u00e3 bi\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh s\u00e1t nh\u00e2n \u0111ang l\u1ea7n theo d\u1ea5u v\u1ebft c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng ta. John Wilkes Booth coi c\u00e1c ti\u1ec3u bang mi\u1ec1n Nam l\u00e0 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng, ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh v\u1edbi ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00f4 l\u1ec7. Trong su\u1ed1t cu\u1ed9c N\u1ed9i chi\u1ebfn, h\u1eafn tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 ly khai cu\u1ed3ng t\u00edn. H\u1eafn l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c b\u00ed m\u1eadt cho Li\u00ean minh mi\u1ec1n Nam trong khi t\u1ef1 do \u0111i l\u1ea1i kh\u1eafp \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1edbi t\u01b0 c\u00e1ch l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ngh\u1ec7 s\u0129 bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n s\u00e2n kh\u1ea5u. Nh\u01b0ng vi\u1ec7c thu th\u1eadp th\u00f4ng tin cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n l\u00e0m h\u1eafn h\u00e0i l\u00f2ng. H\u1eafn l\u00ean k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch b\u1eaft c\u00f3c T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng Hoa K\u1ef3, \u0111\u01b0a \u00f4ng v\u1ec1 Richmond, th\u00e0nh tr\u00ec c\u1ee7a Li\u00ean minh mi\u1ec1n Nam, v\u00e0 trao \u0111\u1ed5i \u00f4ng l\u1ea5y h\u00e0ng ngh\u00ecn binh l\u00ednh mi\u1ec1n Nam b\u1ecb b\u1eaft gi\u1eef.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u00e2m m\u01b0u c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, h\u1eafn ta \u0111\u00e3 tuy\u1ec3n m\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed3ng ph\u1ea1m v\u00e0 do th\u00e1m c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c tuy\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ea9u tho\u00e1t. Nh\u01b0ng m\u1ecdi vi\u1ec7c v\u01b0\u1ee3t kh\u1ecfi t\u1ea7m ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t, v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ea7u h\u00e0ng c\u1ee7a mi\u1ec1n Nam \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh hi\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c. Booth suy s\u1ee5p, v\u1ee1 m\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 tr\u00e0n \u0111\u1ea7y c\u0103m h\u1eadn. Ch\u1ec9 m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian ng\u1eafn tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3, v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 3 n\u0103m 1865, h\u1eafn ta \u0111\u00e3 tham d\u1ef1 l\u1ec5 nh\u1eadm ch\u1ee9c nhi\u1ec7m k\u1ef3 th\u1ee9 hai c\u1ee7a Lincoln. M\u1ed9t b\u1ee9c \u1ea3nh cho th\u1ea5y \u00f4ng ta \u0111\u1ee9ng tr\u00ean b\u1eadc th\u1ec1m c\u1ee7a \u0110i\u1ec7n Capitol, r\u1ea5t g\u1ea7n t\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng. “T\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ebft \u00f4ng ta \u1edf \u0111\u00f3,” anh ta luy\u1ebfn ti\u1ebfc n\u00f3i.<\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0ng r\u1ed3i, \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ec7nh tr\u1edb tr\u00eau thay, v\u00e0o s\u00e1ng ng\u00e0y 14 th\u00e1ng 4 n\u0103m 1865, h\u1eafn ta bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u1eb1ng Lincoln s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ebfn xem bu\u1ed5i bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n t\u1ea1i Nh\u00e0 h\u00e1t Ford t\u1ed1i h\u00f4m \u0111\u00f3, c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi T\u01b0\u1edbng Ulysses S. Grant v\u00e0 phu nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. Anh ta l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o cho \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ecdn, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00e0 anh ta \u0111\u00e3 l\u00ean k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch b\u1eaft c\u00f3c t\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng. K\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch m\u1edbi c\u1ee7a anh ta th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u00f2n t\u00e1o b\u1ea1o h\u01a1n: \u00e1m s\u00e1t c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c bang mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc th\u1eafng cu\u1ed9c.<\/p>\n

T\u1ed1i h\u00f4m \u0111\u00f3, khi John Wilkes Booth chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb cho vai di\u1ec5n k\u1ecbch t\u00ednh nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, hai \u0111\u1ed3ng ph\u1ea1m kh\u00e1c t\u1ecfa ra kh\u1eafp Washington. M\u1ed9t trong s\u1ed1 h\u1ecd, trang b\u1ecb s\u00fang l\u1ee5c v\u00e0 dao g\u0103m, \u0111\u1ed9t nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o nh\u00e0 c\u1ee7a Ngo\u1ea1i tr\u01b0\u1edfng William Henry Seward, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u0103m s\u00f3c t\u1ea1i nh\u00e0 sau khi b\u1ecb g\u00e3y quai h\u00e0m. H\u1eafn l\u00e0m b\u1ecb th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean v\u00e0 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00f2ng ng\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a Seward. Khi s\u00fang b\u1ecb k\u1eb9t, h\u1eafn d\u00f9ng dao, r\u1ea1ch m\u1eb7t n\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eadn x\u01b0\u01a1ng. Seward m\u1ea5t r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u m\u00e1u nh\u01b0ng s\u1ed1ng s\u00f3t sau v\u1ee5 t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng. Ph\u00f3 T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng Andrew Johnson th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u00f2n may m\u1eafn h\u01a1n; \u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho l\u00e0 s\u1ebd b\u1ecb \u00e1m s\u00e1t trong ph\u00f2ng kh\u00e1ch s\u1ea1n. Nh\u01b0ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eed \u0111i gi\u1ebft \u00f4ng l\u1ea1i m\u1ea5t can \u0111\u1ea3m v\u00e0 say x\u1ec9n trong m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1n r\u01b0\u1ee3u.<\/p>\n

V\u00e0 b\u1edfi v\u00ec T\u01b0\u1edbng Grant \u0111\u1ed5i \u00fd v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111i c\u00f9ng Lincoln \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u00e0 h\u00e1t (v\u00ec v\u1ee3 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng h\u00f2a thu\u1eadn), n\u00ean t\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng M\u1ef9 v\u1eabn l\u00e0 n\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n duy nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a \u00e2m m\u01b0u c\u1ee7a Booth. Nam di\u1ec5n vi\u00ean c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t m\u00e0n di\u1ec5n xu\u1ea5t d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ebfn kinh ng\u1ea1c, kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 v\u00ec anh ta quen thu\u1ed9c v\u1edbi Nh\u00e0 h\u00e1t Ford t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng bu\u1ed5i bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh \u1edf \u0111\u00f3: Vi\u00ean c\u1ea3nh s\u00e1t \u0111\u1ee9ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc khu v\u1ef1c VIP \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 Lincoln \u0111ang th\u01b0\u1edfng th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed3 u\u1ed1ng t\u1ea1i qu\u1ea7y bar khi Booth ra tay.<\/p>\n

Abraham Lincoln l\u00e0 v\u1ecb t\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed n\u01b0\u1edbc M\u1ef9 b\u1ecb \u00e1m s\u00e1t.<\/p>\n

Gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 Ch\u00faa Kit\u00f4 tr\u00ean th\u1eadp t\u1ef1 gi\u00e1<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

H\u00e3y tin r\u1eb1ng l\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i s\u1ebd l\u00e0m n\u00ean s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh, v\u00e0 v\u1edbi ni\u1ec1m tin \u1ea5y, ch\u00fang ta h\u00e3y d\u00e1m l\u00e0m tr\u00f2n b\u1ed5n ph\u1eadn c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh nh\u01b0 ta hi\u1ec3u. (1860)<\/span><\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

\u2014 Abraham Lincoln<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Tin t\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng khi\u1ebfn mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc b\u00e0ng ho\u00e0ng. Nh\u01b0ng mi\u1ec1n Nam c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y h\u1ea3 h\u00ea. Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, ngay c\u1ea3 Robert E. Lee, t\u01b0\u1edbng l\u0129nh Li\u00ean minh mi\u1ec1n Nam, c\u0169ng b\u00e0y t\u1ecf s\u1ef1 \u0111au bu\u1ed3n. X\u00e9t cho c\u00f9ng, Lincoln \u0111\u00e3 n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt nh\u1edd s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1eed khoan dung \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i th\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh trong N\u1ed9i chi\u1ebfn. Nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi ch\u1ec9 tr\u00edch v\u1ec1 ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a Lincoln, v\u1ed1n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111eo b\u00e1m \u00f4ng su\u1ed1t nh\u1eefng n\u0103m qua, l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c im b\u1eb7t. C\u00e1i ch\u1ebft bi th\u1ea3m c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng bi\u1ebfn \u00f4ng th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb t\u1eed \u0111\u1ea1o, m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb th\u00e1nh d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Abraham Lincoln th\u00e1ng 11, 1860, l\u00fac \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea7u l\u00e0m T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng th\u1ee9 16. Bettmann \/ Getty<\/p>\n

T\u1edd New York Times<\/em> vi\u1ebft: \u201cTi\u1ebfng chu\u00f4ng b\u00e1o t\u1eed vang l\u00ean. M\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 ch\u00ecm trong n\u1ed7i bu\u1ed3n v\u00e0 \u0111au th\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u00e2u s\u1eafc. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e0n \u00f4ng m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd c\u0169ng than kh\u00f3c tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ed1. N\u1ed7i \u0111au bao tr\u00f9m t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 v\u00e0 v\u00f4 t\u1eadn.\u201d Ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 g\u1ed1c Phi coi Lincoln nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb c\u1ee9u tinh \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng h\u1ecd kh\u1ecfi \u00e1ch n\u00f4 l\u1ec7. Ngay c\u1ea3 khi \u00f4ng c\u00f2n s\u1ed1ng, h\u1ecd v\u1eabn g\u1ecdi \u00f4ng, theo ngh\u0129a trong C\u1ef1u \u01af\u1edbc, l\u00e0 \u201cT\u1ed5 ph\u1ee5 Abraham\u201d. V\u00e0 trong x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i M\u1ef9 v\u1ed1n r\u1ea5t s\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea1o, kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u hi\u1ec3n nhi\u00ean. C\u00e1c b\u00e0i gi\u1ea3ng Ch\u1ee7 nh\u1eadt Ph\u1ee5c Sinh \u0111an xen Ch\u00faa Gi\u00ea-su, Moses v\u00e0 Lincoln: Ch\u00faa \u0111\u00e3 g\u1ecdi c\u1ea3 ba ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1ec1 v\u1edbi Ng\u00e0i khi s\u1ee9 m\u1ec7nh c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh. Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a v\u1ecb t\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng b\u1ecb \u00e1m s\u00e1t, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n qu\u1ed1c gia \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ecdn.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u1ea5n trong l\u00e1 c\u1edd M\u1ef9, h\u00e0i c\u1ed1t c\u1ee7a Lincoln \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn Nh\u00e0 Tr\u1eafng v\u00e0, sau khi kh\u00e1m nghi\u1ec7m t\u1eed thi v\u00e0 \u01b0\u1edbp x\u00e1c, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t trang tr\u1ecdng trong Ph\u00f2ng \u0110\u00f4ng \u2013 \u0111\u00fang nh\u01b0 Lincoln t\u1eebng m\u01a1 th\u1ea5y. Ch\u1ec9 ri\u00eang trong \u201cNg\u00f4i \u0111\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft\u201d \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ee7 v\u1ea3i \u0111en, 25.000 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ebfng tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi thi h\u00e0i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch trang tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ebfn khu v\u1ef1c Rotunda c\u1ee7a \u0110i\u1ec7n Capitol, n\u01a1i h\u00e0ng ch\u1ee5c ngh\u00ecn ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ec3 b\u00e0y t\u1ecf l\u00f2ng k\u00ednh tr\u1ecdng cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng. M\u1ed9t s\u0129 quan Li\u00ean bang nh\u1eadn x\u00e9t: \u201cC\u1ee9 nh\u01b0 th\u1ec3 Ng\u00e0y Ph\u00e1n x\u00e9t \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ebfn v\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ee5 h\u1ecdp l\u1ea1i v\u1eady\u201d.<\/p>\n

Thi h\u00e0i c\u1ee7a Lincoln cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n 2.500 km tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i Springfield, Illinois, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 qu\u00ea h\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng, b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t chuy\u1ebfn t\u00e0u \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u00f9ng tuy\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a Lincoln, v\u1edbi t\u01b0 c\u00e1ch l\u00e0 t\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1eafc c\u1eed, \u0111\u1ebfn Washington b\u1ed1n n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3. Chuy\u1ebfn t\u00e0u nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u00e0i t\u01b0\u1edfng ni\u1ec7m di \u0111\u1ed9ng. N\u00f3 d\u1eebng l\u1ea1i th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f4ng ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ebfng; \u1edf m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1, nh\u01b0 New York v\u00e0 Chicago, quan t\u00e0i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u01b0ng b\u00e0y c\u00f4ng khai m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa. Ngay c\u1ea3 khi \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ebft, Lincoln v\u1eabn l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n. \u0110\u00e1m tang l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed n\u01b0\u1edbc M\u1ef9 k\u1ebft th\u00fac v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 3 th\u00e1ng 5 t\u1ea1i Springfield, n\u01a1i thi h\u00e0i c\u1ee7a Lincoln \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trang \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00e0 tr\u01b0ng b\u00e0y l\u1ea7n cu\u1ed1i.<\/p>\n

Thi h\u00e0i c\u1ee7a Lincoln cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n 2.500 km tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i Springfield, Illinois, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 qu\u00ea h\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng, b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t chuy\u1ebfn t\u00e0u \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u00f9ng tuy\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a Lincoln, v\u1edbi t\u01b0 c\u00e1ch l\u00e0 t\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1eafc c\u1eed, \u0111\u1ebfn Washington b\u1ed1n n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3. Chuy\u1ebfn t\u00e0u nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u00e0i t\u01b0\u1edfng ni\u1ec7m di \u0111\u1ed9ng. N\u00f3 d\u1eebng l\u1ea1i th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f4ng ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ebfng; \u1edf m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1, nh\u01b0 New York v\u00e0 Chicago, quan t\u00e0i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u01b0ng b\u00e0y c\u00f4ng khai m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa. Ngay c\u1ea3 khi \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ebft, Lincoln v\u1eabn l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n. \u0110\u00e1m tang l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed n\u01b0\u1edbc M\u1ef9 k\u1ebft th\u00fac v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 3 th\u00e1ng 5 t\u1ea1i Springfield, n\u01a1i thi h\u00e0i c\u1ee7a Lincoln \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trang \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00e0 tr\u01b0ng b\u00e0y l\u1ea7n cu\u1ed1i.<\/p>\n

Ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1ee5 \u00e1m s\u00e1t Lincoln \u0111\u00e3 g\u00e2y s\u1ed1c cho kh\u00f4ng ai h\u01a1n l\u00e0 John Wilkes Booth.<\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t Wilhelm Tell \u1edf M\u1ef9?<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n

K\u1ec3 t\u1eeb v\u1ee5 \u00e1m s\u00e1t, k\u1ebb s\u00e1t nh\u00e2n \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea3i l\u1ea9n tr\u1ed1n. C\u00f9ng v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed3ng ph\u1ea1m, h\u1eafn \u0111ang c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng \u0111i v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda nam xuy\u00ean qua r\u1eebng r\u1eadm v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7m l\u1ea7y. H\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u00f4ng c\u1eady v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c, nh\u01b0ng ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 r\u1ea5t ch\u1eadm. Ch\u00e2n b\u1ecb g\u00e3y c\u1ee7a Booth \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e1c s\u0129 n\u1eb9p l\u1ea1i. H\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn, h\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng d\u00e1m ra kh\u1ecfi b\u1ee5i r\u1eadm d\u00e0y \u0111\u1eb7c v\u00e0o ban ng\u00e0y. H\u00e0ng ng\u00e0n binh l\u00ednh \u0111ang truy \u0111u\u1ed5i h\u1ecd, th\u1ea9m v\u1ea5n gia \u0111\u00ecnh v\u00e0 b\u1ea1n b\u00e8 nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb \u00e2m m\u01b0u \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea7n theo m\u1ecdi manh m\u1ed1i. “T\u1ed1i nay t\u00f4i s\u1ebd l\u1ea1i c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng tr\u1ed1n tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb s\u0103n \u0111u\u1ed5i n\u00e0y,” Booth t\u1eebng ghi trong nh\u1eadt k\u00fd c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. “Ai, ai c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ed1 ph\u1eadn c\u1ee7a h\u1eafn? \u00dd Ch\u00faa s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n.”<\/p>\n

Nam di\u1ec5n vi\u00ean r\u1ea5t h\u00e1o h\u1ee9c ch\u1edd xem b\u00e1o ch\u00ed s\u1ebd vi\u1ebft g\u00ec v\u1ec1 m\u00e0n tr\u00ecnh di\u1ec5n cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. Trong m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3n tuy\u00ean ng\u00f4n c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u tra t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y t\u1ea1i nh\u00e0 ch\u1ecb g\u00e1i anh, anh vi\u1ec7n d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c th\u1ebf l\u1ef1c si\u00eau nhi\u00ean: “Lincold \u0111\u00e3 g\u00e2y n\u1ee3 bi\u1ebft bao cho \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u00fang ta. Ch\u00faa \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebfn t\u00f4i th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a Ng\u00e0i \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1eebng ph\u1ea1t \u00f4ng ta.” Booth t\u1ef1 coi m\u00ecnh nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t Brutus c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc M\u1ef9, hay nh\u01b0 William Tell c\u1ee7a Th\u1ee5y S\u0129.<\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0ng gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e2y John Booth s\u1eefng s\u1edd khi nh\u1eadn ra r\u1eb1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng t\u00f4n vinh anh ta nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u00f9ng di\u1ec7t tr\u1eeb b\u1ea1o ch\u00faa. N\u01b0\u1edbc M\u1ef9 ch\u1ec9 d\u00e0nh cho anh ta s\u1ef1 khinh mi\u1ec7t, t\u1eeb c\u00e1nh h\u1eefu \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1nh t\u1ea3, t\u1eeb mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc \u0111\u1ebfn mi\u1ec1n Nam. Thay v\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfn s\u0129 \u0111\u1ea5u tranh cho t\u1ef1 do, anh ta l\u1ea1i b\u1ecb xem l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u00ean t\u1ed9i ph\u1ea1m \u0111\u00e1ng b\u1ecb treo c\u1ed5. Booth vi\u1ebft: “Ch\u00faa kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 tha th\u1ee9 cho t\u00f4i n\u1ebfu t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec1u sai tr\u00e1i. Nh\u01b0ng t\u00f4i l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y m\u00ecnh l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec sai tr\u00e1i.”<\/p>\n

Sau m\u01b0\u1eddi hai ng\u00e0y, v\u00e0o \u0111\u00eam ng\u00e0y 26 th\u00e1ng 4 n\u0103m 1865, qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i Li\u00ean bang \u0111\u00e3 truy t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c anh ta trong m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 kho tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t trang tr\u1ea1i \u1edf Virginia, c\u00e1ch Washington kho\u1ea3ng 100km v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda nam. V\u00ec Booth t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea7u h\u00e0ng, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi truy \u0111u\u1ed5i \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00f3ng h\u1ecfa \u0111\u1ed1t t\u00f2a nh\u00e0. K\u1ebb \u00e1m s\u00e1t Lincoln b\u01b0\u1edbc ra ngo\u00e0i v\u00e0 b\u1ecb b\u1eafn ch\u1ebft trong l\u00fac b\u1ecb b\u1eaft. “V\u00f4 d\u1ee5ng, v\u00f4 d\u1ee5ng,” l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a anh ta.<\/p>\n

B\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ed3ng ph\u1ea1m c\u1ee7a Booth b\u1ecb t\u00f2a \u00e1n qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft \u00e1n t\u1eed h\u00ecnh v\u00e0 b\u1ecb h\u00e0nh quy\u1ebft. Alexander Gardner c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 l\u1ea7n cu\u1ed1i c\u00e1c t\u1ea5m \u1ea3nh m\u00e0 \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 ghi l\u1ea1i cu\u1ed9c N\u1ed9i chi\u1ebfn. H\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb \u00e2m m\u01b0u treo c\u1ed5 tr\u00ean gi\u00e1 treo c\u1ed5 \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft th\u00fac c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng.<\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0ng Abraham Lincoln v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y s\u1ef1 b\u00ecnh y\u00ean.<\/p>\n

S\u1ef1 V\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i h\u00f3a th\u00e0nh t<\/strong><\/span>\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u00e0i<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Sau khi \u00f4ng qua \u0111\u1eddi, c\u00e1c t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u00e0i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ef1ng l\u00ean kh\u1eafp c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec3 vinh danh v\u1ecb t\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng th\u1ee9 16.<\/p>\n

Ngay t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1867, Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i \u0111\u00e3 th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp m\u1ed9t \u1ee7y ban \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t \u0111\u00e0i t\u01b0\u1edfng ni\u1ec7m ho\u00e0nh tr\u00e1ng \u1edf Washington. Tuy nhi\u00ean, v\u1ecb tr\u00ed ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ed1t v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1901, v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1914: m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac \u0111\u1ed3 s\u1ed9 n\u1eb1m \u1edf v\u1ecb tr\u00ed trung t\u00e2m v\u1edbi 36 c\u1ed9t Doric \u1edf b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00e1 c\u1ea9m th\u1ea1ch cao s\u00e1u m\u00e9t b\u00ean trong. “Nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i nh\u1ea5t” c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 19, nh\u01b0 nh\u00e0 th\u01a1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 Walt Whitman \u0111\u00e3 m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 Lincoln, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1eafc h\u1ecda trong t\u01b0 th\u1ebf ng\u1ed3i, qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o nh\u00e0u nh\u0129, t\u00f3c r\u1ed1i b\u00f9: ngay c\u1ea3 v\u1edbi k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1edbn h\u01a1n ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1eadt, Lincoln v\u1eabn l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t con ng\u01b0\u1eddi mang v\u1ebb ngh\u00e8o kh\u00f3.<\/p>\n

D\u00f2ng ch\u1eef kh\u1eafc tr\u00ean t\u01b0\u1eddng sau t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u00f4ng ghi:<\/p>\n

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“TRONG NG\u00d4I \u0110\u1ec0N N\u00c0Y, C\u0168NG NH\u01af TRONG TR\u00c1I TIM C\u1ee6A NH\u1eeeNG NG\u01af\u1edcI M\u00c0 V\u00cc H\u1ecc \u00d4NG \u0110\u00c3 C\u1ee8U V\u00c3N LI\u00caN BANG, K\u00dd \u1ee8C V\u1ec0 ABRAHAM LINCOLN S\u1ebc \u0110\u01af\u1ee2C L\u01afU GI\u1eee M\u00c3I M\u00c3I\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

T\u01b0\u1ee3ng Abraham Lincoln b\u00ean trong \u0110\u00e0i t\u01b0\u1edfng ni\u1ec7m Lincoln t\u1ea1i Washington, D.C., do Daniel Chester French \u0111i\u00eau kh\u1eafc. (\u1ea2nh th\u00eam v\u00e0o)<\/p>\n

K\u1ec3 t\u1eeb khi ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh, m\u1ed7i T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng Hoa K\u1ef3 \u0111\u1ec1u nh\u00ecn l\u00ean \u0111\u00e0i t\u01b0\u1edfng ni\u1ec7m n\u00e0y trong l\u1ec5 nh\u1eadm ch\u1ee9c, nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 ghi nh\u1eadn di s\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7m, ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00e0 cho \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u00e0y nay v\u1eabn l\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n th\u00e2n c\u1ee7a “n\u01b0\u1edbc M\u1ef9 t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eb9p”.<\/p>\n

Tuy nhi\u00ean, \u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00f4n c\u1ea5t t\u1ea1i \u0110\u00e0i t\u01b0\u1edfng ni\u1ec7m Lincoln \u1edf Springfield. T\u1ea1i \u0111\u00f3, v\u00e0o \u0111\u00eam tr\u01b0\u1edbc cu\u1ed9c b\u1ea7u c\u1eed t\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng n\u0103m 1876, m\u1ed9t b\u0103ng nh\u00f3m t\u1eeb Chicago \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t v\u1ee5 c\u01b0\u1edbp r\u00f9ng r\u1ee3n. B\u1ecdn tr\u1ed9m m\u1ed9 l\u00ean k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e1nh c\u1eafp quan t\u00e0i ch\u1ee9a h\u00e0i c\u1ed1t c\u1ee7a Lincoln v\u00e0 t\u1ed1ng ti\u1ec1n 200.000 \u0111\u00f4 la. Nh\u01b0ng C\u01a1 quan M\u1eadt v\u1ee5 \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang v\u00e0 b\u1eaft gi\u1eef b\u1ecdn tr\u1ed9m ngay t\u1ea1i tr\u1eadn.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u00f2ng, chi\u1ebfc quan t\u00e0i b\u1eb1ng g\u1ed7 s\u1ed3i, n\u1eb7ng h\u01a1n 200 kg, \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00ed m\u1eadt di chuy\u1ec3n kh\u1ecfi quan t\u00e0i b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00e1 c\u1ea9m th\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 gi\u1ea5u trong t\u1ea7ng h\u1ea7m c\u1ee7a t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u00e0i. Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1901, n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o qu\u1ea3n an to\u00e0n: chi\u1ebfc quan t\u00e0i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t trong m\u1ed9t l\u1ed3ng th\u00e9p, h\u1ea1 xu\u1ed1ng v\u00e0i m\u00e9t v\u00e0o h\u1ea7m m\u1ed9 v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ee7 b\u1eb1ng b\u00ea t\u00f4ng l\u1ecfng. K\u1ec3 t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3, Abraham Lincoln \u0111\u00e3 y\u00ean ngh\u1ec9 \u1edf \u0111\u00f3 c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh \u2013 nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a l\u1ecbch s\u1eed n\u01b0\u1edbc M\u1ef9.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u0110\u00e0i t\u01b0\u1edfng ni\u1ec7m Lincoln (C\u1ee5c C\u00f4ng vi\u00ean Qu\u1ed1c gia Hoa K\u1ef3) (\u1ea2nh th\u00eam v\u00e0o)<\/p>\n

\u2013 H\u1ebft \u2013<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Xem th\u00eam nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 Abraham Lincoln:<\/p>\n

The better angels of our nature<\/em> (Abraham Lincoln) (2025)<\/a><\/p>\n

Abraham Lincoln:\u00a0Ph\u00e1c h\u1ecda ti\u1ec3u s\u1eed (201<\/em>7)<\/a><\/p>\n

Di\u1ec5n v\u0103n Gettysburg<\/em> c\u1ee7a Abraham Lincoln (2017)<\/em><\/a><\/p>\n

V\u00e0 nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y nh\u1ea5t:<\/p>\n

Deng Yu (\u0110\u1eb7ng D\u1ee5c): Nh\u00e0 to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3i Fields 2026 v\u1edbi t\u00e2m h\u1ed3n nh\u00e0 th\u01a1<\/a>\u00a016 Th\u00e1ng T\u00e1m, 2026<\/span><\/p>\n

Wang Hong (V\u01b0\u01a1ng H\u1ed3ng): N\u1eef tu s\u0129 c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ec1n th\u1edd to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc<\/a>\u00a04 Th\u00e1ng T\u00e1m, 2026<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

CU\u1ed8C \u00c1M S\u00c1T T\u1ed2NG TH\u1ed0NG M\u1ef8 ABRAHAM LINCOLN Ng\u00e0y 14 th\u00e1ng 4, 1865   Ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 k\u1ebb th\u00f9, m\u00e0 l\u00e0 b\u1ea1n. (1861) \u2014 Abraham Lincoln   T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng Lincoln (12\/2, 1809 \u2013 15\/4, 1865; h\u01b0\u1edfng th\u1ecd 56t). \u1ea2nh ng\u00e0y 9 th\u00e1ng 2, 1864. Anthony Berger L\u1eddi n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ea7u \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_mi_skip_tracking":false,"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/nguyenxuanxanh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16919"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/nguyenxuanxanh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/nguyenxuanxanh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/nguyenxuanxanh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/nguyenxuanxanh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=16919"}],"version-history":[{"count":30,"href":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/nguyenxuanxanh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16919\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":16959,"href":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/nguyenxuanxanh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16919\/revisions\/16959"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/nguyenxuanxanh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=16919"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/nguyenxuanxanh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=16919"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/nguyenxuanxanh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=16919"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}