{"id":2168,"date":"2019-03-06T16:24:31","date_gmt":"2019-03-06T09:24:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/nguyenxuanxanh\/?p=2168"},"modified":"2022-07-14T08:29:28","modified_gmt":"2022-07-14T01:29:28","slug":"loi-dan-nhap-cho-sach-tai-sao-ly-thuyet-day","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/nguyenxuanxanh\/loi-dan-nhap-cho-sach-tai-sao-ly-thuyet-day\/","title":{"rendered":"L\u1eddi d\u1eabn nh\u1eadp cho s\u00e1ch<\/i> T\u1ea1i sao L\u00fd thuy\u1ebft d\u00e2y?"},"content":{"rendered":"

 <\/p>\n

L\u00dd THUY\u1ebeT D\u00c2Y<\/span><\/p>\n

Hay l\u00e0<\/span>
\n<\/i><\/span><\/p>\n

V\u1ede H\u00c0I K\u1ecaCH TH\u1ea6N TH\u00c1NH C\u1ee6A T\u1ea0O H\u00d3A?<\/span><\/p>\n

Nguy\u1ec5n Xu\u00e2n Xanh<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

N\u1ebfu ch\u00fang ta hi\u1ec3u l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft d\u00e2y, ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd bi\u1ebft v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ebf n\u00e0o. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng m\u1ea5y l\u00ean vi\u1ec7c ch\u00fang ta s\u1ed1ng th\u1ebf n\u00e0o, nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb \u0111\u00e2u, v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1edd \u0111\u1ee3i t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y c\u00e1i g\u00ec khi ch\u00fang th\u00e1m hi\u1ec3m.<\/span><\/p>\n

Stephen Hawking<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u00f4i ngh\u0129 c\u00f3 qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ee9 t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eb9p \u0111\u00e3 x\u1ea3y ra trong l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft d\u00e2y \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 sai. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec3u \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 l\u1eafm, nh\u01b0ng t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng tin r\u1eb1ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u00e2m m\u01b0u v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 l\u1edbn n\u00e0o \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o ra c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 \u0111\u00e1ng kinh ng\u1ea1c n\u00e0y m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed1i li\u00ean quan g\u00ec \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi th\u1ef1c c\u1ea3.<\/span><\/p>\n

Edward Witten<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\n

S\u00e1ch kh\u1ed5 14x20cm, 518 trang, gi\u1ea5y l\u00e1ng \u0111\u1eb9p, gi\u00e1 b\u00eca 140.000 \u0111. C\u00f3 l\u1eddi d\u1eabn nh\u1eadp \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a GS Emil Mertinec c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Chicago d\u00e0nh ri\u00eang cho b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ecdc Vi\u1ec7t Nam. \u00d4ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong b\u1ed1n th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a “B\u1ed9 t\u1ee9 \u0111\u00e0n gi\u00e2y Princeton” (string quartet), nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea7y cu\u1ed9c c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng si\u00eau d\u00e2y th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t trong th\u1eadp ni\u00ean 1980. \u00d4ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t “nh\u00e2n ch\u1ee9ng l\u1ecbch s\u1eed” c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 ra \u0111\u1eddi l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft d\u00e2y. L\u1eddi d\u1eabn nh\u1eadp c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng do \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 t\u00ednh l\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft d\u00e2y trong nh\u1eefng giai \u0111o\u1ea1n h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a n\u00f3, v\u00e0 c\u00f3 t\u00ednh khai s\u00e1ng cao. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng c\u00e1m \u01a1n \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 d\u00e0nh \u01b0u \u00e1i \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t cho \u0111\u1ed9c gi\u1ea3 Vi\u1ec7t Nam – m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch b\u1ea5t ng\u1edd.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

[1]<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 20 \u0111\u00e3 k\u1ebft th\u00fac \u0111i v\u00e0o l\u1ecbch s\u1eed nh\u01b0 th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng cu\u1ed9c c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng tri th\u1ee9c l\u1edbn ch\u01b0a t\u1eebng th\u1ea5y: thuy\u1ebft t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i h\u1eb9p, c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed, thuy\u1ebft tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed, c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n quark, c\u00e1c l\u1ef1c c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n \u0111i\u1ec7n, y\u1ebfu v\u00e0 m\u1ea1nh, thuy\u1ebft s\u1eafc \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u1ecdc, h\u1ea1t Higgs, nh\u1eefng c\u00e1i l\u00e0m n\u00ean M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh chu\u1ea9n; thuy\u1ebft t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i r\u1ed9ng, thay th\u1ebf thuy\u1ebft h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn Newton, th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t l\u1ef1c h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn v\u1edbi h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc kh\u00f4ng-th\u1eddi gian, gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 t\u1eeb Big Bang v\u00e0 c\u00e1c hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1ea1 l\u00f9ng v\u1eadt l\u00fd thi\u00ean v\u0103n nh\u01b0 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng L\u1ed7 \u0111en. Nh\u01b0ng khi nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi s\u00e2u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi, th\u00ec nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi kh\u00e1c s\u00e2u h\u01a1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t ra. L\u00e0m sao th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t thuy\u1ebft t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i r\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 thuy\u1ebft l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed? Kh\u00f4ng gian, th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb \u0111\u00e2u v\u00e0 l\u00e0 g\u00ec \u1edf c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 nh\u1ecf, n\u01a1i thuy\u1ebft l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed th\u1ed1ng tr\u1ecb? V\u0169 tr\u1ee5 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0 k\u1ebft th\u00fac ra sao? L\u00fd thuy\u1ebft d\u00e2y<\/i> l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 \u1edf c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e2u h\u01a1n, m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n v\u00e0 th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t tin vui th\u00e1ng 8, 2018<\/b><\/i><\/p>\n

Th\u00e1ng 8, 2018 m\u1ed9t tin vui \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1edbi Vi\u1ec7t Nam: Gi\u1ea3i v\u1eadt l\u00fd l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft mang t\u00ean nh\u00e0 v\u1eadt l\u00fd v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i Anh P.A.M. Dirac (c\u1ee7a Trung t\u00e2m Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf V\u1eadt l\u00fd l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft Abdus Salam, g\u1ecdi t\u1eaft l\u00e0 ICTP)1<\/sup> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trao t\u1eb7ng cho ba nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi: \u0110\u00e0m Thanh S\u01a1n c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Chicago, Subir Sachdev c\u1ee7a Harvard, v\u00e0 Xiao-Gang Wen c\u1ee7a MIT, v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p m\u1edbi quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 \u201cc\u00e1c hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng chuy\u1ec3n pha trong c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng nhi\u1ec1u-h\u1ea1t t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c m\u1ea1nh v\u1edbi nhau\u201d. Sau Ng\u00f4 B\u1ea3o Ch\u00e2u, c\u00f3 l\u1ebd \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 tin vui nh\u1ea5t, c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 ch\u1edd \u0111\u1ee3i \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi. S\u1ef1 c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn gi\u1ea3i Dirac s\u1ebd d\u1ecdn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cho c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc ti\u1ebfn t\u1edbi c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i kh\u00e1c danh gi\u00e1 kh\u00f4ng k\u00e9m. M\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa, gi\u1ea3i Dirac cho \u0110\u00e0m Thanh S\u01a1n ch\u1ee9ng minh h\u00f9ng h\u1ed3n r\u1eb1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t Nam kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 \u201ch\u1ea1ng b\u00e9t\u201d m\u00e0 r\u1ea5t x\u1ee9ng \u0111\u00e1ng b\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng c\u00e1c d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c c\u00f3 ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ecf, do \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf cu\u0303ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 kinh t\u1ebf c\u00f3 d\u1ea5u \u1ea5n c\u1ee7a tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7. Tin vui c\u0169ng gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3i t\u1ecfa b\u1edbt nh\u1eefng \u201cm\u1eb7c c\u1ea3m\u201d y\u1ebfu \u0111u\u1ed1i v\u00e0 th\u1ea5p k\u00e9m \u0111\u00e3 t\u00edch t\u1ee5 t\u1eeb l\u00e2u. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 qui lu\u1eadt n\u00e0o b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u00ean k\u1ebb d\u01b0\u1edbi, m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 ta mu\u1ed1n, hay mu\u1ed1n nh\u00ecn nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh x\u1eed nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 t\u1ee5t h\u1eadu, nh\u01b0 nh\u00e0 khai s\u00e1ng Fukuzawa Yukichi t\u1eebng tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 trong bu\u1ed5i b\u00ecnh minh c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc \u00f4ng 150 n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0ng \u0110\u00e0m Thanh S\u01a1n c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan g\u00ec \u0111\u1ebfn quy\u1ec3n s\u00e1ch T\u1ea1i sao l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft d\u00e2y<\/i>? c\u1ee7a t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 Joseph Conlon? Th\u1eadt ra, S\u01a1n \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ed3ng nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o c\u00f3 t\u00ednh \u2018khai ph\u00e1\u2019 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft d\u00e2y v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh v\u1eadt l\u00fd th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n. V\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m tra l\u00e0 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi th\u1ef1c nghi\u1ec7m. C\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00e0 v\u1eadt l\u00fd t\u00ean tu\u1ed5i th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi nh\u1eafc t\u1edbi, nh\u01b0 Juan Maldacena (2005), Leonard Susskind (2008), Brian Greene (2011), c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 Zeeya Merali (2011) hay wikipedia [1]. Nh\u01b0ng quy\u1ec3n s\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a Conlon l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 d\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ebfn 3 trang \u0111\u1ec3 k\u1ec3 s\u1ef1 h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c th\u00fa v\u1ecb n\u00e0y. H\u01a1n n\u1eefa l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft d\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u1ee9ng vi\u00ean r\u1ea5t m\u1ea1nh cho thuy\u1ebft h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed (quantum gravity), v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t c\u00e1c l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a v\u0169 tr\u1ee5, g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 l\u1ef1c h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng l\u00fd do c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 ra \u0111\u1eddi quy\u1ec3n s\u00e1ch n\u00e0y gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng Vi\u1ec7t Nam l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft n\u00e0y trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh v\u1eadt l\u00fd hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 20.<\/p>\n

[2]<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

Cu\u1ed9c c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng to\u00e0n \u1ea3nh<\/b><\/i><\/p>\n

N\u0103m 1997 \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u m\u1ed9t kh\u00fac quanh quan tr\u1ecdng cho l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft d\u00e2y b\u1eb1ng b\u00e0i b\u00e1o c\u00e1o quan tr\u1ecdng c\u00f3 t\u00ednh c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 v\u1eadt l\u00fd g\u1ed1c Argentina, Juan Maldacena, l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 \u1edf \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Harvard. \u00d4ng \u0111\u01b0a ra m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 di\u1ec5n gi\u1ea3i t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng, hay m\u1ed9t ph\u00e9p t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng, c\u1ee7a 2 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh v\u1eadt l\u00fd trong 2 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi kh\u00e1c nhau, m\u1ed9t b\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem di\u1ec5n ra t\u1ea1i v\u00f9ng n\u1ed9i (bulk, interior, g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng gian AdS, \u2018Anti-de-Sitter), m\u1ed9t b\u00ean l\u00e0 t\u1ea1i v\u00f9ng bi\u00ean (boundary, g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng gian CFT, \u2018Conformal Field Theory\u2019)2<\/sup> c\u00f3 \u00edt chi\u1ec1u (th\u1ee9 nguy\u00ean) h\u01a1n. Trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n, Maldacena n\u00f3i, m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh v\u1eadt l\u00fd di\u1ec5n bi\u1ebfn trong v\u00f9ng bi\u00ean ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 \u2018h\u00ecnh chi\u1ebfu\u2019 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng trong v\u00f9ng n\u1ed9i. Hai kh\u00f4ng gian \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u2018\u0111\u1ed1i ng\u1eabu\u2019 (duality) c\u1ee7a nhau. S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nguy\u00ean l\u00fd n\u00e0y, thuy\u1ebft h\u1eabp d\u1eabn l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed trong v\u00f9ng n\u1ed9i l\u00e0 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft h\u1ea1t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ed1ng tr\u00ean v\u00f9ng bi\u00ean (Maldacena, 2005). Nguy\u00ean l\u00fd Maldacena cho ph\u00e9p quy m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1edbn trong l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1edbn trong kh\u00f4ng gian c\u1ee7a h\u1ea5p l\u1ef1c.3<\/sup><\/p>\n

Qua s\u1ef1 g\u1eb7p g\u1ee1 v\u1edbi b\u1ea1n h\u1ecdc c\u0169 Andrei Starinets tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y t\u1ea1i \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Nga Lomonosov, S\u01a1n \u0111\u00e3 nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh quark-gluon trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft d\u00e2y v\u00e0 ph\u00e9p t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng AdS\/CFT. Plasma quark-gluon l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u201cn\u1ed3i s\u00fap\u201d h\u1ea1t c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n r\u1ea5t n\u00f3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tin l\u00e0 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh ngay sau big bang, ch\u1ec9 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i trong gi\u00e2y l\u00e1t r\u1ed3i ngu\u1ed9i \u0111i v\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0nh m\u1edbi m\u00e0 S\u01a1n l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 \u0111ang nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u.<\/p>\n

Anh v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed3ng s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng chi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i: l\u1ea5y nh\u1eefng t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a l\u1ed7 \u0111en trong m\u1ed9t kh\u00f4ng-th\u1eddi gian n\u1ed9i 5 chi\u1ec1u v\u1edbi d\u00e2y v\u00e0 l\u1ef1c h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ec3 suy ra s\u1ef1 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng quark v\u00e0 gluon trong kh\u00f4ng-th\u1eddi gian b\u1ed1n chi\u1ec1u c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 d\u00e2y hay h\u1ea5p l\u1ef1c (Maldacena, Merali, Wikipedia [1]). Qua \u0111\u00f3, \u201cch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u1ea3o ng\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh to\u00e1n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111em l\u1ea1i cho ch\u00fang t\u00f4i m\u1ed9t tr\u1ecb s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1edbt tr\u01b0\u1ee3t (shear viscosity) c\u1ee7a plasma \u2026 M\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i trong ng\u00e0nh v\u1eadt l\u00fd h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n \u0111\u00f9a r\u1eb1ng b\u00e1o c\u00e1o ch\u00fang t\u00f4i l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean h\u1eefu \u00edch xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t t\u1eeb l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft d\u00e2y\u201d, S\u01a1n n\u00f3i (Merali). K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd cho th\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1edbt t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y c\u1ee7a plasma quark-gluon l\u00e0 x\u1ea5p x\u1ec9 m\u1ed9t tr\u1ecb s\u1ed1 ph\u1ed5 qu\u00e1t v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng nh\u1ecf, t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 v\u1edbi h\u1eb1ng s\u1ed1 Planck.4<\/sup> L\u1ee3i \u0111i\u1ec3m: C\u00e1c t\u00ednh to\u00e1n kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n tr\u00ean v\u00f9ng bi\u00ean, n\u01a1i t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a thuy\u1ebft s\u1eafc \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u1ecdc (QCD), t\u1ee9c l\u1ef1c m\u1ea1nh, gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c quark v\u00e0 gluon, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n sang t\u00ednh to\u00e1n \u1edf v\u00f9ng n\u1ed9i n\u01a1i t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c nh\u1ecf (Greene, 271). \u1ede \u0111\u00e2y, \u0111\u1ed1i ng\u1eabu (dual) c\u1ee7a tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed n\u00f3ng tr\u00ean v\u00f9ng bi\u00ean, hay plasma quark-gluon, l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 l\u1ed7 \u0111en trong v\u00f9ng n\u1ed9i. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 vi\u1ebft: \u201cPlasma quark-gluon\u201d = L\u1ed7 \u0111en (trong kh\u00f4ng gian AdS) (\u0110TS).<\/p>\n

\"\"

Ca\u0301c d\u00e2y co\u0301 ki\u0301ch c\u01a1\u0303 10-34 <\/sup>m\u00a0 (Courtesy of Terry Anderson va\u0300 Lance Dixon, Stanford Linear Accelerator Center; trong George Musser)<\/p><\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

\"\"

Hai loa\u0323i d\u00e2y h\u01a1\u0309 va\u0300 ki\u0301n<\/p><\/div>\n

\u0110\u1ed9 nh\u1edbt, \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i lo\u1ea1i ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 c\u0103n b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a qu\u1ea3 c\u1ea7u l\u1eeda quark-gluon. Khi m\u1ed9t ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng ch\u1ea3y, nh\u01b0 n\u01b0\u1edbc, m\u1eadt r\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng, hay plasma quark-gluon, m\u1ed7i l\u1edbp c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ed9t l\u1ef1c k\u00e9o l\u00ean c\u00e1c l\u1edbp ch\u1ea3y ph\u00eda tr\u00ean v\u00e0 ph\u00eda d\u01b0\u1edbi. L\u1ef1c k\u00e9o n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1edbt tr\u01b0\u1ee3t. H\u1ecd t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1edbt c\u1ee7a l\u1ed7 \u0111en c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 nh\u1ecf. T\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 suy ra plasma quark v\u00e0 gluon c\u0169ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1edbt r\u1ea5t nh\u1ecf. Th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf n\u00f3 c\u00f2n th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1edbt c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc, v\u00e0 c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1edbt c\u1ee7a helium si\u00eau l\u1ecfng, cho n\u00ean r\u1ea5t \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t.5<\/sup><\/p>\n

Ri\u00eang v\u1ec1 b\u00e0i b\u00e1o c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a Maldacena, ch\u1ec9 ba th\u00e1ng sau \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3t c\u00e1c t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 Steven Gubser, Igor Klebanov v\u00e0 Alexander Polyakov, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t Edward Witten6<\/sup>, nh\u00e0 v\u1eadt l\u00fd duy nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trao t\u1eb7ng gi\u1ea3i Fields, ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 v\u00e0 \u2018thuy\u1ec1n tr\u01b0\u1edfng\u2019 c\u1ee7a l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft day, ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n th\u00e0nh c\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t quy\u1ec3n \u201ct\u1eeb \u0111i\u1ec3n\u201d nh\u1eefng t\u00ednh to\u00e1n ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ed1i ng\u1eabu gi\u1eefa 2 v\u0169 tr\u1ee5, gi\u00fap th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a Maldacena. T\u1eeb \u0111\u00e2y, b\u00ed m\u1eadt t\u1ea1i sao l\u1ed7 \u0111en c\u1ee7a Stephen Hawking l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3u. Nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 l\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng va ch\u1ea1m c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t (Xem \u1ea3nh minh h\u1ecda d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y). B\u00e0i c\u1ee7a Maldacena ch\u1ec9 3 n\u0103m sau \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1edbi con s\u1ed1 7000 tr\u00edch d\u1eabn, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 2015 \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1edbi con s\u1ed1 15.000 ([2]), cao nh\u1ea5t trong l\u00e3nh v\u1ef1c n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao, v\u01b0\u1ee3t xa b\u00e0i b\u00e1o c\u1ee7a Steve Weinberg v\u1ec1 l\u1ef1c \u0111i\u1ec7n-y\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a n\u0103m n\u00e0o.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Minh h\u1ecda nguy\u00ean l\u00fd to\u00e0n \u1ea3nh c\u1ee7a Maldacena. L\u1ed7 \u0111en t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p h\u1ea1t t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c m\u1ea1nh v\u1edbi nhau tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a kh\u00f4ng-th\u1eddi gian, c\u1eaft ngh\u0129a hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a l\u1ed7 \u0111en. \u201cM\u1ed9t b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc quan tr\u1ecdng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 r\u00fat ra t\u1eeb ti\u00ean \u0111o\u00e1n to\u00e0n \u1ea3nh l\u00e0 h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed (quantum gravity), v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m \u0111au \u0111\u1ea7u m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc gi\u1ecfi nh\u1ea5t tr\u00ean h\u00e0nh tinh t\u1eeb nhi\u1ec1u th\u00e2p k\u1ef7, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n n\u1ebfu nh\u00ecn b\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng bi\u1ebfn s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00fang. Ch\u00fang ta h\u00e3y hy v\u1ecdng s\u1ebd nhanh ch\u00f3ng t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n cho big bang!\u201d, Maldacene vi\u1ebft. Trong Maldacena, The Illusion of Gravity<\/i>. (Courtesy Scientific American)<\/p>\n

Th\u1ef1c nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft c\u1ee7a S\u01a1n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed3ng s\u1ef1. N\u0103m 2005, RHIC7<\/sup> tin l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 t\u00ecm ra plasma n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, plasma m\u00e0 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 v\u1eadt l\u00fd l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft \u0111\u00e3 ti\u00ean \u0111o\u00e1n t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i ng\u1eafn ng\u1ee7i sau big bang v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u0103n l\u00f9ng t\u1eeb nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m. T\u1ea1i RHIC n\u00f3 tin r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i \u1edf nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00f3ng 150.000 l\u1ea7n nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi, ch\u1ec9 trong kho\u1ea3nh kh\u1eafc 10-23<\/sup> gi\u00e2y, v\u00e0 r\u1ea5t \u0111\u1eb7c. Trong tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i n\u00e0y, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a RHIC nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y c\u00e1c quark v\u00e0 gluon t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c nhau m\u1ea1nh h\u01a1n l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta ch\u1edd \u0111\u1ee3i, v\u00e0 ch\u1ea3y v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1edbt r\u1ea5t nh\u1ecf, nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1edbt c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc, gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t \u201cch\u1ea5t l\u1ecfng g\u1ea7n ho\u00e0n h\u1ea3o\u201d h\u01a1n l\u00e0 gi\u1ed1ng kh\u00ed. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 n\u00e0y ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 ti\u00ean \u0111o\u00e1n c\u1ee7a S\u01a1n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed3ng s\u1ef1. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 n\u00e0y \u0111i ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u00ean t\u00ednh to\u00e1n b\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p nhi\u1ec5u lo\u1ea1n trong thuy\u1ebft tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed. Plasma quark-gluon v\u1ed1n c\u00f3 h\u1eb1ng s\u1ed1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c (coupling constant) l\u1edbn, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00fd do khi\u1ebfn ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p nhi\u1ec3u lo\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a thuy\u1ebft tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3. \u201c\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng r\u1ea5t m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd, v\u00e0 ch\u00fang v\u1eabn c\u00f2n \u0111\u1ee9ng v\u1eefng \u0111\u1ebfn h\u00f4m nay nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh nh\u1eb1m li\u00ean h\u1ec7 l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft d\u00e2y v\u1edbi th\u1ef1c nghi\u1ec7m\u201d, Steven Gubser, m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft d\u00e2y \u1edf \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Princeton tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 (Merali). Brian Greene, m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 v\u1eadt l\u00fd d\u00e2y h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u, b\u00e0y t\u1ecf s\u1ef1 ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng m\u1ed9 cao \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 n\u00e0y, g\u1ecdi n\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u201cc\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 \u1ea5n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng\u201d (Greene, 271), v\u00e0 xem nh\u1eefng di\u1ec5n ti\u1ebfn th\u1ebf n\u00e0y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 \u201ch\u00e0o h\u1ee9ng nh\u1ea5t\u201d t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng th\u1eadp ni\u00ean qua. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 n\u00e0y x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t s\u1ef1 h\u1eefu d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft d\u00e2y, v\u00e0 th\u1ee9 hai s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1eafn c\u1ee7a nguy\u00ean l\u00fd to\u00e0n \u1ea3nh AdS\/CFT c\u1ee7a Maldacena. Ph\u1ea3i ch\u0103ng m\u00e1y gia t\u1ed1c RHIC c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t l\u1ed7 \u0111en, nh\u01b0 Maldacena h\u1ecfi? Ch\u01b0a bi\u1ebft. Nh\u01b0ng n\u1ebfu c\u00f3 th\u00ec l\u1ed7 \u0111en c\u0169ng ch\u1ec9 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i trong ch\u1edbp m\u1eaft, v\u00e0 n\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i trong kh\u00f4ng gian 5 chi\u1ec1u, kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi kh\u00f4ng gian c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 n\u00e0y c\u1ee7a S\u01a1n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed3ng s\u1ef1 l\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft d\u00e2y v\u00e0o th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n, v\u00e0 x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn nguy\u00ean l\u00fd to\u00e0n \u1ea3nh c\u1ee7a Maldacena. Sau RHIC \u0111\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3t CERN \u1edf Gevena x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn c\u00e1c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 tr\u00ean n\u0103m 2008 v\u00e0 2010.<\/p>\n

\"C:\\Users\\HP\\AppData\\Local\\Microsoft\\Windows\\INetCacheContent.Word\\quark-gluon<\/p>\n

Minh h\u1ecda th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m trong RHIC. C\u00e1c h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n nguy\u00ean t\u1eed c\u1ee7a v\u00e0ng \u0111\u1eadp v\u00e0o nhau v\u1edbi t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 cao, t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00ean t\u1edbi g\u1ea5p 200.000 l\u1ea7n nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 t\u00e2m m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi, gi\u00fap ph\u00e1 v\u1ee1 \u2018nh\u00e0 t\u00f9 h\u1ed3ng ngo\u1ea1i\u2019 ki\u00ean c\u1ed1 proton v\u00e0 neutron \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t quark v\u00e0 gluon tho\u00e1t ra t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh plasma quark-gluon (QGP) n\u1edf ra trong gi\u00e2y l\u00e1t tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ngu\u1ed9i xu\u1ed1ng, co l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 quan s\u00e1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trong m\u00e1y d\u00f2. \u0110i\u1ec1u l\u1ea1 l\u00f9ng l\u00e0 theo nguy\u00ean l\u00fd to\u00e0n \u1ea3nh, \u0111\u1ed1i ng\u1eabu c\u1ee7a QGP l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u1ed7 \u0111en nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i trong kh\u00f4ng gian b\u1ed1n chi\u1ec1u ch\u00fang ta s\u1ed1ng, m\u00e0 trong m\u1ed9t kh\u00f4ng-th\u1eddi gian cong n\u0103m chi\u1ec1u. (\u1ea2nh minh h\u1ecda trong Steven S. Gubser, The Little Book of String Theory<\/i>, 145)<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft c\u1ee7a S\u01a1n & \u0111\u1ed3ng s\u1ef1, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ef1c nghi\u1ec7m, l\u00e0 ni\u1ec1m c\u1ea3m h\u1ee9ng cho m\u1ed9t \u2018\u0111\u1ea1o qu\u00e2n\u2019 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft d\u00e2y l\u1eabn c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh v\u1eadt l\u00fd th\u1ef1c nghi\u1ec7m nh\u01b0 v\u1eadt l\u00fd v\u1eadt ng\u01b0ng t\u1ee5 (condensed-matter physics), trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 Subir Sachdev \u1edf Harvard, ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trao hu\u00e2n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng Dirac c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi \u0110\u00e0m Thanh S\u01a1n v\u00e0 Xiao-Gang Wen trong \u0111\u1ee3t v\u1eeba qua. \u00d4ng \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a Maldacena cho hai c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t chung v\u1edbi S\u01a1n v\u00e0 hai \u0111\u1ed3ng nghi\u1ec7p Christopher P. Herzog, Pavel Kovtun c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng.<\/p>\n

[3]<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

V\u01b0\u01a1ng qu\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a d\u00e2y, hay l\u00e0 \u201cv\u1edf h\u00e0i k\u1ecbch th\u1ea7n th\u00e1nh\u201d?<\/b><\/i><\/p>\n

Tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft d\u00e2y, l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e0i c\u1ee7a quy\u1ec3n s\u00e1ch T\u1ea1i sao l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft d\u00e2y?<\/i>. \u0110\u1ec3 c\u00f3 c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 g\u00ec, m\u1eabu chuy\u1ec7n khoa h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 t\u01b0\u1edfng r\u1ea5t d\u1ec5 th\u01b0\u01a1ng d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y c\u00f3 l\u1ebd minh h\u1ecda t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea7y b\u00ed \u1ea9n c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. B\u1ea1n s\u1ebd c\u00f3 th\u00eam nh\u1eefng h\u00ecnh dung phong ph\u00fa m\u00e0 b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3. V\u00e0 ngay c\u1ea3 b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 r\u1eddi kh\u1ecfi v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i d\u1ea1o ch\u01a1i hay quan s\u00e1t n\u00f3. N\u1ebfu nh\u00e0 th\u01a1 Dante Alighieri c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 14 s\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i, ch\u1eafc \u00f4ng c\u0169ng s\u1ebd th\u00edch th\u00fa v\u1edbi chuy\u1ebfn du \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o h\u00e0nh n\u00e0y. \u00d4ng s\u1ebd nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y v\u1edf k\u1ecbch s\u00e1ng th\u1ebf th\u1ea7n th\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a Ch\u00faa \u1edf t\u1eadn c\u00f9ng c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac nh\u1ecf nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a v\u0169 tr\u1ee5, kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi v\u1edf h\u00e0i k\u1ecbch \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111au kh\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi.8<\/sup><\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y n\u1ecd, m\u1ed9t robot d\u1eabn m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 l\u00e0m m\u1ed9t chuy\u1ebfn du h\u00e0nh v\u0169 tr\u1ee5.<\/p>\n

B\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5y m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y r\u1ed3i.<\/p>\n

B\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5y c\u00e1c th\u0103ng gi\u00e1ng l\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1eed (quantum fluctuations) c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed, v\u00e0 l\u00e0m quen v\u1edbi v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t c\u00f9ng \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng.<\/p>\n

B\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng th\u1ea5y c\u00e1c v\u00ec sao ph\u00e1t n\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi m\u1edbi, c\u00e1c sao l\u00f9n tr\u1eafng, l\u1ed7 \u0111en, nh\u1eefng th\u1ee9 b\u1ea1n c\u0169ng th\u1ea5y, \u0111\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3t ch\u00fang b\u1ed1c h\u01a1i, g\u1ee3i \u00fd v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn nay ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed (quantum gravity).<\/p>\n

\u2018Gi\u1edd \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00fac th\u00e1m hi\u1ec3m th\u00eam\u2019, ch\u00fa robot n\u00f3i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n

V\u00e0 t\u1ee9c kh\u1eafc, h\u1ecd b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u thu m\u00ecnh nh\u1ecf l\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n

B\u1ea1n th\u1ea5y c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t ch\u1ea1y ngang. \u00c1nh s\u00e1ng x\u1eb9t qua. B\u1ea1n th\u1ea5y c\u00e1c th\u0103ng gi\u00e1ng ch\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft. V\u00e0 b\u1ea1n ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c thu nh\u1ecf. B\u1ea1n \u0111ang \u0111\u1ee9ng \u1edf thang \u0111\u1ea1i-th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t (grand-unification scale), n\u01a1i t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 3 lo\u1ea1i tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed (c\u1ee7a 3 l\u1ef1c) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tin l\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t th\u1ee9. B\u1ea1n thu nh\u1ecf ti\u1ebfp. D\u01b0\u1edbi kia, tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean, b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y g\u00ec c\u1ea3. Nh\u01b0ng r\u1ed3i b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd th\u1ea5y.<\/p>\n

Tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eb7t b\u1ea1n, c\u00f3 c\u00e1i g\u00ec kia. M\u1ed9t s\u1ee3i d\u00e2y<\/i>. M\u1ed9t s\u1ee3i d\u00e2y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m b\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng g\u00ec c\u1ea3. Ngay c\u1ea3 b\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng gian v\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng. Khi b\u1ea1n ng\u1eafm n\u00f3, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c v\u1eadt th\u1ec3 b\u1ea1n th\u1ea5y n\u00e0y \u0111ang c\u1ecd qu\u1eady s\u1ebd thay th\u1ebf c\u1ea3 hai kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

B\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1edbi thang Planck, v\u00e0 b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3. Trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n \u0111ang b\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o, thang Planck kh\u00f4ng t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i nh\u01b0 b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e3 ngh\u0129. Nh\u01b0ng \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a r\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng g\u00ec b\u1ea1n th\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ebfn nay l\u00e0 sai. N\u00f3 c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a r\u1eb1ng, d\u01b0\u1edbi kia, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m (concept) n\u00e0o b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tin \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Ngo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed. Nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0o d\u00e2y, h\u01a1n l\u00e0 v\u00e0o h\u1ea1t.<\/p>\n

Nh\u1eefng g\u00ec \u0111ang c\u1ecd qu\u1eady tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eb7t b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a v\u0169 tr\u1ee5, \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u00e1c d\u00e2y l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed<\/i>.<\/p>\n

S\u1ef1 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5y t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1edbc, bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 l\u1ef1c h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn. Bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 s\u1ef1 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 ch\u00fang ta.<\/p>\n

D\u00e2y l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eb7t b\u1ea1n \u0111ang rung \u2212 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed. B\u1ea1n th\u1eadt s\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u00fang \u0111\u00e2u, nh\u01b0ng b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i ch\u00fang t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn d\u00e2y l\u00e0 \u0111ang chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng r\u1ea5t r\u1ea5t nhanh.<\/p>\n

R\u1ea5t \u0111\u1eb9p, rung v\u1edbi n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng vui v\u1ebb c\u1ee7a n\u00f3, v\u00e0 b\u1ea1n c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y b\u1ecb cu\u1ed1n h\u00fat. Kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea3n b\u1ea1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1eefa, b\u1ea1n ti\u1ebfn v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda tr\u01b0\u1edbc, v\u00e0 mu\u1ed1n g\u1ea3y n\u00f3 nh\u01b0 g\u1ea3y m\u1ed9t d\u00e2y \u0111\u00e0n guita.<\/p>\n

M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 d\u00e2y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m b\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng g\u00ec c\u1ea3, nh\u01b0ng b\u1ea1n th\u1ea5y nhi\u1ec1u s\u1ef1 rung ch\u1ed3ng ch\u1ea5t l\u00ean nhau, nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c h\u00f2a \u00e2m tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c. S\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ee9ng l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t, tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t guita th\u1eadt, cho ra n\u1ed1t ch\u00ednh, trong khi nh\u1eefng s\u00f3ng kh\u00e1c cho ra nh\u1eefng h\u00f2a \u00e2m cao. Nh\u01b0 b\u1ea1n th\u1ea5y d\u00e2y \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y, n\u00f3 gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 \u1ea3nh m\u1edd c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t s\u1ee3i d\u00e2y guita \u2026. nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i d\u00e2y guita. M\u1ed9t d\u00e2y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m b\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng g\u00ec c\u1ea3, m\u1ed9t d\u00e2y c\u0103n b\u1ea3n, n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n mu\u1ed1n, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u1eafc l\u01b0. Ch\u00fang ta nh\u1edb r\u1eb1ng khi c\u00f3 ch\u1eef \u2018l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed\u2019 \u0111\u1ee9ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ed9t danh t\u1eeb c\u1ee7a ti\u1ebfng m\u1eb9 \u0111\u1ebb, n\u00f3 l\u00e0 d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u r\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1i ch\u00fang ta t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ea3. \u1ede \u0111\u00e2y, \u2018m\u1ed9t d\u00e2y l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed\u2019 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 d\u00e2y g\u00ec c\u1ea3. S\u1ef1 rung \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng sinh ra m\u1ed9t n\u1ed1t nh\u1ea1c, m\u00e0 l\u00e0 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng<\/i>. M\u1ed9t h\u1ea1t c\u1ee7a \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng \u2013 h\u1ea1t chuy\u00ean ch\u1edf l\u1ef1c \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eeb.<\/p>\n

T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 g\u1eb7p tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m n\u00ean th\u00e2n th\u1ec3 b\u1ea1n v\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t trong v\u0169 tr\u1ee5, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 rung c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng d\u00e2y m\u1edf nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf. \u2026<\/p>\n

\u2055\u2055\u2055<\/p>\n

C\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 thu h\u00fat b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n b\u1ea1n. B\u1ea1n quay \u0111\u1ea7u \u2212 b\u00e2y gi\u1edd c\u00f2n nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n nh\u1ecf t\u00ed hon \u2212 v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda m\u1ed9t d\u00e2y kh\u00e1c, m\u1ed9t th\u1ee9 l\u1ea1. N\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 d\u00e2y \u0111\u00e0n guita n\u1eefa, m\u00e0 gi\u1ed1ng m\u1ed9t v\u00f2ng k\u00edn (closed loop). N\u00f3 c\u0169ng rung \u2212 c\u0169ng l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed. C\u00e1i rung \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean kh\u00f4ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng n\u1eefa, m\u00e0 v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t graviton \u2212 m\u1ed9t h\u1ea1t truy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn. \u0110\u00f3 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed h\u00f3a. V\u00f2ng n\u00e0y, s\u1ee3i d\u00e2y k\u00edn n\u00e0y, t\u1ef1 n\u00f3, k\u1ec3 cho b\u1ea1n bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng b\u1ea1n \u0111ang du h\u00e0nh trong khu v\u1ef1c thuy\u1ebft l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed c\u1ee7a l\u1ef1c h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn. \u0110\u1eb7t m\u1ed9t s\u1ee3i d\u00e2y k\u00edn nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 n\u01a1i \u0111\u00e2u b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ngh\u0129 ra, c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 rung c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 s\u1ebd c\u00f3 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u00e1c t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng nh\u01b0 l\u1ef1c h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn. V\u00e0 b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y c\u00e1i v\u00f4 c\u1ef1c n\u00e0o l\u00e3ng v\u00e3ng n\u1eefa. Nh\u1eefng c\u00e1i v\u00f4 c\u1ef1c \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng qu\u1ea5y nhi\u1ec5u h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e2y bi\u1ebfn m\u1ea5t. T\u1ed1t qu\u00e1. B\u1edfi v\u00ec b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m s\u1ef1 v\u1eadt \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u trong kh\u00f4ng gian v\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian. V\u1edbi nh\u1eefng h\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 d\u1ea5u ch\u1ea5m trong m\u1ed9t kh\u00f4ng-th\u1eddi gian nh\u1eb5n, r\u1ea5t d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng quan ni\u1ec7m m\u1ed9t ch\u1ed7 m\u00e0 ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea1m nhau. L\u00fd thuy\u1ebft tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t l\u1ea1 th\u01b0\u1eddng ti\u1ec1m t\u00e0ng trong b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n n\u00f3, c\u0169ng n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng khi hai h\u1ea1t t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c nhau, th\u00ec ch\u00fang c\u0169ng th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb tr\u00ed n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 trong kh\u00f4ng gian v\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian. V\u1edbi d\u00e2y, \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n \u00fd ngh\u0129a n\u1eefa. V\u1edbi d\u00e2y, h\u1ea1t l\u00e0 <\/i>nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 rung c\u1ee7a d\u00e2y. D\u00e2y rung ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 h\u1ea1t. Su\u1ed1t chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i v\u00e0 th\u1edbi gian c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang. Ch\u00fang truy\u1ec1n \u0111i. Khi ch\u00fang t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c, kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n t\u1ea1i v\u1ecb tr\u00ed ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c, hay th\u1eddi gian ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c n\u00e0o. N\u00f3 x\u1ea3y ra d\u1ecdc theo c\u1ea3 s\u1ee3i d\u00e2y. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u00e1i g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u2018v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng\u2019 nh\u1ecf n\u1eefa. V\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng c\u00e1i v\u00f4 c\u1ef1c m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n g\u1eb7p tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n

V\u00f2ng n\u00e0y, c\u00e1i v\u00f2ng k\u00edn, c\u00f3 h\u1ea5p l\u1ef1c trong n\u00f3, cho n\u00ean n\u00f3 l\u00e0 h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn. V\u00e0 b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng ph\u00e1t ra t\u1eeb c\u00e1c d\u00e2y m\u1edf. G\u1ed9p l\u1ea1i, ch\u00fang do \u0111\u00f3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn v\u00e0 thuy\u1ebft \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eeb \u2026 D\u00e2y l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed v\u00ec v\u1eady c\u00f2n l\u00e0 c\u00e1i g\u00ec h\u01a1n l\u00e0 thuy\u1ebft h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed. M\u1ed9t thuy\u1ebft h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed \u2018ch\u1ec9 thu\u1ea7n t\u00fay\u2019 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn, theo m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed, v\u00e0 n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00e1c. C\u00e1c d\u00e2y m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n \u0111ang nh\u00ecn \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y l\u1ea1i quan t\u00e2m.<\/p>\n

V\u1eady th\u00ec v\u1edbi c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00e1c th\u00ec sao? C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00e0o nh\u1eefng s\u1ee3i d\u00e2y n\u00e0y c\u0169ng l\u00e0 thuy\u1ebft c\u1ee7a m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9, m\u1ed9t thuy\u1ebft th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn v\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u00fang ta bi\u1ebft ch\u0103ng? \u0110\u1ec3 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00f3, ch\u00fang c\u0169ng s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n

V\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u? B\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y \u0111\u00e2u c\u1ea3. V\u1eady th\u00ec t\u1ea1i sao c\u00e1c s\u1ee3i d\u00e2y n\u00e0y l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf? \u0110\u00e2u l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 k\u1ef3 l\u1ea1 trong s\u1ef1 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang? T\u1ea1i sao c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft l\u1ea1i b\u1ecb ch\u00fang l\u00f4i cu\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1ebf?<\/p>\n

\u2018Ch\u00fang ta h\u00e3y \u0111i ti\u1ebfp\u2019, robot n\u00f3i, v\u00e0 c\u1ea3 hai b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u thu nh\u1ecf ti\u1ebfp d\u01b0\u1edbi kia v\u00e0 th\u00eam n\u1eefa.<\/p>\n

S\u1ee3i d\u00e2y h\u1edf b\u00e2y gi\u1edd tr\u1edf n\u00ean l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ed3 s\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi b\u1ea1n. N\u1ebfu quan s\u00e1t k\u1ef9, b\u1ea1n b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng c\u00f3 c\u00e1i g\u00ec trong \u0111\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n l\u00fac m\u1eaft b\u1ea1n th\u1ea5y n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean. \u0110i\u1ec1u b\u1ea1n \u0111ang l\u00e0m kh\u00f4ng m\u1ed9t con ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0o kh\u00e1c b\u1eb1ng v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Nh\u01b0ng gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e2y, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3. H\u00e3y nh\u1edb l\u1ea1i r\u1eb1ng: mu\u1ed1n \u0111i xa h\u01a1n nh\u1eefng g\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft th\u00ec m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i b\u1ecb t\u1eeb b\u1ecf \u0111i. V\u00e0 c\u00e1i b\u1ea1n \u0111ang ph\u1ea3i t\u1eeb b\u1ecf \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 t\u00ednh \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 b\u1ea1n, m\u1ed9t v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ngh\u0129 l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9c nh\u1ea5t v\u00f4 nh\u1ecb. Nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i th\u1ebf.<\/p>\n

\u2055\u2055\u2055<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ec3 \u0111i t\u1eeb Newton \u0111\u1ebfn Einstein, b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i t\u1eeb b\u1ecf \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 l\u00e0 t\u0129nh, r\u1eb1ng n\u00f3 lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t, r\u1eb1ng h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u1ef1c. B\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0a ra kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m kh\u00f4ng-th\u1eddi gian v\u1edbi ba chi\u1ec1u c\u1ee7a kh\u00f4ng gian v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t chi\u1ec1u c\u1ee7a th\u1eddi gian, b\u1ed1n th\u1ee9 quy\u1ec7n v\u00e0o nhau th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 duy nh\u1ea5t b\u1ecb bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng xung quanh n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t. \u0110\u1ec3 \u0111i t\u1eeb Newton \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1eadt l\u00fd l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed, b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i t\u1eeb b\u1ecf \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng h\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 ch\u1ea5m \u0111i\u1ec3m. B\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0a ra kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m s\u00f3ng v\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng, v\u00e0 t\u00ednh b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n kh\u00e1c. B\u00e2y gi\u1edd \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i kh\u1ecfi c\u00e1c thuy\u1ebft h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn v\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed, b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i bi\u1ebfn t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 c\u0103n b\u1ea3n \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft th\u00e0nh thuy\u1ebft d\u00e2y h\u1edf v\u00e0 k\u00edn.<\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0ng \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng. \u0110i\u1ec1u b\u1ea1n c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i t\u1eeb b\u1ecf \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng r\u1eb1ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m ch\u1ec9 b\u1eb1ng b\u1ed1n chi\u1ec1u. D\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 s\u1ed1ng trong b\u1ed1n chi\u1ec1u. Ch\u00fang c\u1ea7n nhi\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng gian h\u01a1n. Ch\u00fang s\u1ed1ng trong v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 m\u01b0\u1eddi chi\u1ec1u.<\/p>\n

Khi b\u1ea1n ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn d\u00e2y v\u1edbi ch\u00fa robot, b\u1ea1n b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng tr\u00ean m\u1ed7i \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a c\u00e1i b\u1ea1n ngh\u0129 l\u00e0 ch\u1ee9a trong v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 ch\u00fang ta, c\u00f2n c\u00f3 s\u00e1u chi\u1ec1u n\u1eefa c\u1ee7a kh\u00f4ng gian l\u00e0m th\u00e0nh th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang. Ch\u00ednh t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng chi\u1ec1u b\u1ed5 sung n\u00e0y (extra dimensions) xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o n\u00ean ch\u00fang ta.<\/p>\n

N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c h\u00ecnh dung b\u1ed1n chi\u1ec1u, ho\u1eb7c m\u01b0\u1eddi chi\u1ec1u, b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i lo. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n bi\u1ebft l\u00e0 s\u00e1u chi\u1ec1u b\u1ed5 sung m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng theo c\u00e1c h\u01b0\u1edbng kh\u00e1c nhau th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1eeb tr\u00e1i-ph\u1ea3i, tr\u00ean-d\u01b0\u1edbi, tr\u01b0\u1edbc-sau c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi ba chi\u1ec1u ch\u00fang ta, v\u00e0 ch\u00fang l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 nh\u1ecf b\u00e9 \u0111\u1ec3 trong \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng th\u1ef1c ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i, hay \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea1n du h\u00e0nh v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Nh\u01b0ng robot v\u00e0 b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 thu nh\u1ecf l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u nh\u01b0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3.<\/p>\n

Ch\u00fang tr\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng g\u00ec?<\/p>\n

V\u00e2ng, th\u1eadt kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u1ea3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Ch\u00fang c\u00f3 qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u! C\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111an xen v\u1edbi nhau c\u00e1c chi\u1ec1u b\u1ed5 sung v\u00e0 nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t d\u00e2y\u2026 Nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec3 g\u00f3i c\u00e1c chi\u1ec1u b\u1ed5 sung xung quanh ch\u00fang, m\u1ed7i c\u00e1ch g\u00f3i kh\u00e1c nhau cho m\u1ed9t v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 kh\u00e1c cho th\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 v\u1eadt l\u00fd l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft \u0111\u00e3 ti\u00ean \u0111o\u00e1n con s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, v\u00e0 th\u1ea5y c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ebfn\u00a0<\/sup>10500<\/sup> 10 l\u0169y th\u1eeba 500, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 con s\u1ed1 1 \u0111\u1ea7u theo sau l\u00e0 500 s\u1ed1 kh\u00f4ng. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t v\u0169 tr\u1ee5, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft gi\u1ed1ng v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 ch\u00fang ta.<\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t con s\u1ed1 kinh kh\u1ee7ng. V\u0169 tr\u1ee5 m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n v\u00e0 t\u00f4i sinh ra c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng c\u00e1i \u0111\u00f3. Hay nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ed1ng c\u00e1i c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta. Kh\u00f4ng ai bi\u1ebft c\u1ea3. R\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 r\u1eb1ng t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 x\u1ea3y ra t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t giai \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, n\u1ed9i trong c\u00e1c bong b\u00f3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra b\u1edfi l\u1ea1m ph\u00e1t v\u0129nh h\u1eb1ng b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng nghe, nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u00edt c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh lu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 ch\u00fang ta bi\u1ebft. \u0110\u1ec3 b\u1ea1n t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i, v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c, nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t c\u00e1c h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng c\u00f3 chi\u1ec1u b\u1ed5 sung ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u00e0n l\u1ecdc, n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng th\u00ec c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh lu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng cho ph\u00e9p ch\u00fang ta t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i. S\u1ef1 s\u00e0n l\u1ecdc di\u1ec5n ra th\u1ebf n\u00e0o? C\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng ai bi\u1ebft, ngo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u r\u1eb1ng ch\u00fang \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ecdn l\u1ecdc, \u0111\u1ec3 cho b\u1ea1n t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y, trong v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 ch\u00fang ta. Lu\u1eadn c\u1ee9 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean l\u00fd theo con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/i>. N\u00f3 n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng t\u1eeb v\u00f4 s\u1ed1 nh\u1eefng d\u1ea1ng m\u00e0 c\u00e1c chi\u1ec1u b\u1ed5 sung c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u1ea5y, ch\u1ec9 nh\u1eefng d\u1ea1ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee9u x\u00e9t \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y, ho\u1eb7c ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00f3i chuy\u1ec7n h\u00f4m nay v\u1ec1 ch\u00fang. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1eb9p. V\u00e0 n\u00f3 tr\u1edf n\u00ean t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n. Thay v\u00ec t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u00fang l\u00e0 b\u00e9 t\u00ed, m\u1ed9t hay nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng chi\u1ec1u b\u1ed5 sung n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3.<\/p>\n

\u2018H\u00e3y \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1edbi t\u00f4i\u2019, robot n\u00f3i, v\u1eaby tay v\u1edbi c\u00e1i \u1ed1ng cung c\u1ea5p h\u1ea1t cho b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ec3 theo. \u2018Ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1eb3ng bao gi\u1edd th\u1ea5y l\u1ea1i \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y.\u2019<\/p>\n

V\u00e0 s\u1ef1 vi\u1ec7c ngo\u1ea1i h\u1ea1ng nh\u1ea5t di\u1ec5n ra.<\/p>\n

T\u1ef1 bao gi\u1edd, b\u1ea1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ea1y r\u1eb1ng, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 n\u00e0o ng\u1eafm nh\u00ecn v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 t\u1eeb ph\u00eda ngo\u00e0i c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. N\u00f3i v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec1ng, bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 l\u00e0 v\u00f4 ngh\u0129a. V\u0169 tr\u1ee5 l\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3, theo \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a, v\u00e0 l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u v\u00f4 ngh\u0129a n\u1ebfu t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch v\u00e0 h\u00ecnh dung h\u00ecnh d\u00e1ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 ra sao nh\u00ecn t\u1eeb tr\u00ean hay t\u1eeb d\u01b0\u1edbi. V\u00e0 r\u1ed3i, di chuy\u1ec3n d\u1ecdc theo m\u1ed9t h\u01b0\u1edbng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i tr\u00ean xu\u1ed1ng, hay t\u1eeb tr\u00e1i sang ph\u1ea3i, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00ean ph\u00eda tr\u01b0\u1edbc, hay lui v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda sau, robot k\u00e9o b\u1ea1n ra kh\u1ecfi n\u00f3. V\u00e0 vi\u1ec1ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3, d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1eadt. Nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng n\u1eb1m trong c\u00e1c chi\u1ec1u m\u00e0 gi\u00e1c quan b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 quan ni\u1ec7m.<\/p>\n

B\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 ra kh\u1ecfi n\u00f3.<\/p>\n

B\u1ea1n th\u1ea5y t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 n\u00f3.<\/p>\n

C\u1ea3 v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n

T\u1eeb m\u1ed9t chi\u1ec1u kh\u00e1c. V\u00e0 b\u1ea1n th\u1ea5y c\u00e1c d\u00e2y m\u1edf, c\u00e1c \u2018d\u00e2y bu\u1ed9c gi\u00e0y\u2019 m\u00e0 c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 rung c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u1ea1o ra \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng, gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e2y rung theo nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c nhau, t\u00f9y theo c\u00e1c chi\u1ec1u che khu\u1ea5t m\u00e0 ch\u00fang m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng v\u00e0o. V\u00e0 b\u1ea1n c\u0169ng th\u1ea5y t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ea7u d\u00e2y m\u1edf n\u00e0y d\u00ednh v\u00e0o v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n, v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 b\u1ea1n v\u1eeba r\u1eddi kh\u1ecfi, trong khi c\u00e1c d\u00e2y k\u00edn, nh\u1eefng c\u00e1i rung nh\u01b0 l\u1ef1c h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn, nh\u1eefng th\u1ee9 n\u00e0y t\u1ef1 do d\u1ea1o ch\u01a1i, \u0111\u1ec3 ra kh\u1ecfi v\u0169 tr\u1ee5\u2026<\/p>\n

V\u00e0 khi tr\u1edf n\u00ean \u00fd th\u1ee9c c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 sau l\u01b0ng, b\u1ea1n quay l\u1ea1i, v\u00e0 h\u00e1 h\u1ed1c mi\u1ec7ng v\u00ec kinh ng\u1ea1c.<\/p>\n

C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n

N\u00f3 song song v\u1edbi c\u00e1i c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta, c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n. V\u00e0 b\u1ea1n th\u1ea5y c\u00e1c d\u00e2y k\u00edn di chuy\u1ec3n t\u1eeb v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ebfn v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 kh\u00e1c, ch\u1ee9ng minh r\u1eb1ng ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u00f4ng tin nhau qua l\u1ef1c h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn. Nh\u1eefng c\u00e1i n\u00e0y l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i th\u1ee9 t\u01b0 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 song song, c\u00e1i \u1ea5n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u1ea5t trong t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang. Nh\u1eefng c\u00e1i \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 branes<\/i>, gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 membrane, m\u00e0ng t\u1ebf b\u00e0o, m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ch\u1eef \u2018mem\u2019, \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a r\u1eb1ng ch\u00fang h\u01a1n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u1edd gi\u1ea5y, h\u01a1n c\u00e1c v\u1eadt th\u1ec3 hai chi\u1ec1u. C\u00e1i m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n th\u1ea5y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t brane nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, m\u1ed9t v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 kh\u00e1c, v\u00e0 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e1i nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf. V\u00e0 ch\u00fang c\u0169ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u chi\u1ec1u kh\u00e1c nhau n\u1eefa. V\u00e0 ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bi\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh l\u1eabn nhau, v\u00e0 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c d\u00e2y, khi c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 v\u1eadt l\u00fd to\u00e1n nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u ch\u00fang mu\u1ed1n thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c m\u00e0 ch\u00fang t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c. Ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 ri\u00eang l\u1ebb, hay ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng d\u1ea1ng kh\u00e1c nhau c\u1ee7a c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t th\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i, m\u1ed9t th\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00ecn t\u1eeb nhi\u1ec1u g\u00f3c nh\u00ecn kh\u00e1c nhau. V\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng c\u00e1i n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t th\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i l\u1edbn h\u01a1n n\u1eefa, \u2018th\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i\u2019 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u theo c\u00e1ch n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y. V\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1edfi nh\u00e0 v\u1eadt l\u00fd l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft s\u00e1ng ch\u00f3i Argentina Juan Maldacena, ch\u1ee9ng minh th\u00eam r\u1eb1ng t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng th\u1ee9 n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3u kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n l\u1ef1c h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn, nh\u01b0 th\u1ec3 m\u1ed7i m\u1ed9t v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 b\u1edfi nh\u1eefng g\u00ec x\u1ea3y ra \u1edf tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t v\u00f9ng bi\u00ean \u0111\u00e2u \u0111\u00f3\u2026.<\/p>\n

Ch\u00e2n l\u00fd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3u r\u1ed3i. B\u1ea1n \u0111ang \u1edf ngo\u00e0i v\u0169 tr\u1ee5.<\/p>\n

V\u00e0 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 kh\u00e1c xung quanh, kh\u1eafp n\u01a1i, v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u chi\u1ec1u kh\u00e1c nhau. V\u00e0 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u chi\u1ec1u t\u00ed hon \u1edf \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e1c d\u00e2y g\u00f3i l\u1ea1i nhau, b\u00ean trong v\u00e0 xung quanh c\u00e1c v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 \u0111\u00f3, l\u00e0m cho ch\u00fang rung th\u00e0nh v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng nh\u01b0ng b\u1ecb c\u1ea5m r\u1eddi kh\u1ecfi brane ch\u00fang, v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 ch\u00fang, v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 ch\u00fang ta. C\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea7u d\u00e2y c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ef1 do di chuy\u1ec3n n\u1ed9i trong c\u00e1c chi\u1ec1u m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sinh ra, nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p r\u1eddi kh\u1ecfi c\u00e1c chi\u1ec1u n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

T\u1eeb ch\u1ed7 \u0111\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n, nh\u01b0 b\u1ea1n nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y c\u00e1c v\u00f2ng d\u00e2y k\u00edn di chuy\u1ec3n t\u1eeb brane n\u00e0y sang brane kh\u00e1c, b\u1ea1n nh\u1eadn ra r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 r\u1eddi kh\u1ecfi v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 b\u1ea1n. Ngay c\u1ea3 b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y c\u00e1i m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n tin c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u1ed7 \u0111en n\u1ed1i li\u1ec1n c\u00e1c brane g\u1ea7n nhau b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t \u1ed1ng d\u1eabn c\u1ee7a kh\u00f4ng-th\u1eddi gian b\u1ecb bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng, v\u1edbi l\u1ef1c h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t brane n\u00e0y h\u00fat c\u00e1c brane kh\u00e1c, v\u00e0 b\u1ea5t gi\u00e1c b\u1ea1n t\u1ef1 h\u1ecfi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00e0o, t\u00ecnh c\u1edd hay sao, c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c s\u1ed1ng trong nh\u1eefng brane kia kh\u00f4ng\u2026 C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00e0o c\u00e1c l\u1ed7 \u0111en l\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn gi\u1eefa th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi b\u1ea1n v\u00e0 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng? C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 r\u1eb1ng k\u1ef3 d\u1ecb m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1edbi l\u1ea1i m\u1edf ra m\u1ed9t th\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i kh\u00e1c? C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ef1 sinh n\u1edf brane c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta, c\u1ee7a kh\u00f4ng-th\u1eddi gian ch\u00fang ta, c\u00f3 m\u1ed1i li\u00ean h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 va ch\u1ea1m v\u1edbi c\u00e1c brane kh\u00e1c \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 ch\u0103ng? C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t \u0111en<\/i>, n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111en<\/i>, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eaft ngh\u0129a b\u1edfi s\u1ef1 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c brane kh\u00f4ng?<\/p>\n

H\u00e3y quay s\u1ef1 ch\u0103m ch\u00fa c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n v\u1eeba r\u1eddi b\u1ecf. Th\u00ecnh l\u00ecnh c\u00f3 c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 di\u1ec5n ra cho d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y th\u1eddi gian, v\u00e0 b\u1ea1n th\u1ea5y c\u00e1c bong b\u00f3ng c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 l\u1ea1m ph\u00e1t m\u1edbi tr\u1ed3i l\u00ean kh\u1eafp n\u01a1i trong v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 b\u1ea1n, n\u1ed9i trong brane b\u1ea1n, truy\u1ec1n \u0111i n\u1ed9i trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi b\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng h\u1ea1t d\u1ea7u trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i ao.<\/p>\n

\u2018Ch\u00fang ta n\u00ean quay v\u1ec1 \u0111i!\u2019 b\u1ea1n la l\u00ean.<\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0ng b\u1ea1n \u0111ang m\u1ed9t m\u00ecnh m\u00e0.<\/p>\n

Robot kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y \u0111\u00e2u n\u1eefa c\u1ea3.<\/p>\n

V\u00e0 b\u1ea1n nh\u1ea3y v\u00e0o brane c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00f3, hy v\u1ecdng \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u00e1i brane m\u00e0 t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 ra \u0111i.<\/p>\n

V\u00e0 b\u1ea1n b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u l\u1edbn l\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c brane kh\u00e1c l\u1ea1i tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh v\u00f4 h\u00ecnh, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c d\u00e2y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m n\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i b\u1ea1n c\u0169ng bi\u1ebfn m\u1ea5t t\u1eeb xa.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c quark v\u00e0 gluon gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e2y \u1edf c\u1ea1nh b\u1ea1n. V\u00e0 b\u00e2y gi\u1edd c\u00f3 c\u00e1c proton, r\u1ed3i \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c electron v\u00e0 c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eed. C\u00e1c ph\u00e2n t\u1eed. B\u1ee5i. C\u00e1t. Bi\u1ec3n.<\/p>\n

B\u1ea1n m\u1edf m\u1eaft ra.<\/p>\n

B\u1ea1n \u0111ang n\u1eb1m tr\u00ean b\u00e3i bi\u1ec3n tr\u1ed1ng tr\u1ea3i c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n

Ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u01a1i m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng cu\u1ed9c h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c v\u00ec sao \u0111ang chi\u1ebfu s\u00e1ng.<\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t ng\u1ecdn gi\u00f3 nh\u1eb9 th\u1ed5i \u0111\u01b0a h\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng lo\u00e0i hoa l\u1ea1 \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c b\u1ea1n \u0111ang \u1edf xung quanh.<\/p>\n

H\u1ecd m\u1ec9m c\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>\n

\u2018Anh \u1ea5y \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ec9nh d\u1eady\u2019, m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00f3i. \u2018H\u00e3y r\u00f3t cho anh \u1ea5y m\u1ed9t ly!\u2019<\/p>\n

Anh ng\u1ed3i d\u1eady, v\u00e0 th\u1ea5y l\u1eabn l\u1ed9n.<\/p>\n

Ly \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c mang t\u1edbi.<\/p>\n

B\u1ea1n v\u00e9o v\u00e0o m\u00ecnh. Th\u1ea5y \u0111au.<\/p>\n

B\u1ea1n h\u1edbp m\u1ed9t ng\u1ee5m.<\/p>\n

B\u1ea1n nh\u00ecn ch\u1ea7m v\u00e0o bi\u1ec3n, v\u00e0o c\u00e2y, v\u00e0 sao.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng \u0111ang xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n tr\u00ean kia tr\u00ean b\u1ea7u tr\u1eddi. Nh\u1eefng khu\u00f4n m\u1eb7t.<\/p>\n

Newton. Maxwell. Einstein. Planck. Schr\u00f6dinger. Dirac. Feynman. Hawking. \u2018t Hooft. Weinberg. Maldacena. Witten.<\/p>\n

V\u00e0 v\u00f4 s\u1ed1 nh\u1eefng khu\u00f4n m\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n

T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ec9m c\u01b0\u1eddi. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111ang nh\u00ecn v\u1ec1 b\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n

B\u1ea1n mu\u1ed1n n\u00f3i v\u1edbi h\u1ecd, nh\u01b0ng h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 quay l\u01b0ng \u0111i, \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u1eafm nh\u00ecn v\u1ebb uy nghi c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi ngo\u00e0i kia.<\/p>\n

V\u00e0 r\u1ed3i h\u1ecd bi\u1ebfn m\u1ea5t v\u00e0o c\u00e1c v\u00ec sao.<\/p>\n

V\u00e0 c\u00e1c v\u00ec sao c\u0169ng bi\u1ebfn m\u1ea5t. R\u1ed3i \u0111\u1ebfn bi\u1ec3n.<\/p>\n

B\u1ea1n ch\u1edbp m\u1eaft.<\/p>\n

B\u1ea1n \u0111ang \u1edf nh\u00e0, tr\u00ean chi\u1ebfc sofa c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n

C\u1eeda s\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n \u0111ang m\u1edf.<\/p>\n

B\u1ea1n ng\u1ed3i d\u1eady. B\u1ea1n nh\u00ecn quanh.<\/p>\n

C\u00e0 ph\u00ea c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n v\u1eabn c\u00f2n \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1i b\u00e0n.<\/p>\n

B\u1ea1n t\u1ef1 nh\u00e9o l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa. Th\u1ea5y v\u1eabn \u0111au.<\/p>\n

B\u1ea1n u\u1ed1ng m\u1ed9t ng\u1ee5m \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea7u \u00f3c t\u1ec9nh l\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n

C\u00e0 ph\u00ea v\u00e0 c\u0103n ph\u00f2ng b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1edbi nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng.<\/p>\n

B\u1ea1n phun ra h\u1edbp c\u00e0 ph\u00ea l\u1ea1nh.<\/p>\n

\u2018T\u00f4i \u2026 t\u00f4i v\u1eabn b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng,\u2019 b\u1ea1n n\u00f3i l\u1edbn l\u00ean, v\u00e0 du\u1ed7i ra \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea5y c\u00e1i \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i g\u1ecdi b\u00e0 ngo\u1ea1i b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c t\u00edn.<\/p>\n

V\u00e0 b\u1ea1n l\u1ea1i nh\u00e1y m\u1eaft.<\/p>\n

Cu\u1ed9c du h\u00e0nh trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi d\u00e2y k\u1ef3 b\u00ed c\u00f3 l\u1ebd c\u00f2n ngo\u1ea1n m\u1ee5c h\u01a1n cu\u1ed9c phi\u00eau l\u01b0u k\u1ef3 th\u00fa c\u1ee7a c\u1eadu b\u00e9 Nils Holgersson b\u1ecb h\u00f3a ki\u1ebfp th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t ch\u00fa t\u00ed hon t\u1ea1i Lapland m\u1ed9t th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng hi\u1ec3u ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt. \u0110o\u1ea1n tr\u00edch l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 c\u1ee7a t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 Christophe Galfard trong The Universe<\/i> in your hand<\/i>. \u00d4ng l\u00e0 c\u1ef1u h\u1ecdc tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a Stephen Hawking v\u00e0 t\u1eebng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecbch l\u00fd th\u00f4ng tin l\u1ed7 \u0111en. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta hy v\u1ecdng r\u1eb1ng s\u1ebd c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y c\u1ed7 m\u00e1y LHC \u1edf CERN s\u1ebd t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ee9 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c chi\u1ec1u b\u1ed5 sung n\u00e0y. N\u1ebfu l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft d\u00e2y l\u00e0 \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1ec3 m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 th\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i, th\u00ec n\u00f3 s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng d\u1ea5u v\u1ebft n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 trong t\u1ea5m th\u1ea3m v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi hy v\u1ecdng s\u1ebd t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

[4]<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

Tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i th\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i. Th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t h\u00f3a lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n l\u00e0 ni\u1ec1m c\u1ea3m h\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc, v\u1eadt l\u00fd c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc. B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh cu\u1ed9c th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t l\u1ef1c h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn v\u00e0 c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed c\u00f2n \u0111ang t\u00ecm, c\u00f2n c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t \u0111ang di\u1ec5n ra trong to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc \u2013 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh Langlands \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00f4ng kh\u1edfi x\u01b0\u1edbng n\u0103m 1967 khi \u00f4ng k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m Galois v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i t\u00edch \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00f2a, l\u00e3nh v\u1ef1c t\u01b0\u1edfng ch\u1eebng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n \u0111\u1ee9ng xa, nh\u1eb1m b\u1eafc c\u1ea7u n\u1ed1i li\u1ec1n nh\u1eefng h\u00f2n \u0111\u1ea3o to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc ri\u00eang l\u1ebb.<\/p>\n

C\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft d\u00e2y chung cu\u1ed9c m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi ch\u00fang ta \u0111ang s\u1ed1ng hay kh\u00f4ng, \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f2n ph\u1ea3i ch\u1edd. \u201cL\u00fd thuy\u1ebft d\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 huy\u1ec1n b\u00ed. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh n\u00f3 (trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 t\u00f4i) th\u00fa nh\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec3u n\u00f3. Nh\u01b0ng h\u1ebft t\u00ednh to\u00e1n n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00ednh to\u00e1n kh\u00e1c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ra nh\u1eefng k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb9p \u0111\u1ebd m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ng\u1ea1c nhi\u00ean. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn l\u00e0m sao m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft d\u00e2y cho \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c? C\u00e1c ch\u00e2n l\u00fd s\u00e2u th\u1eb3m nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf l\u00e0m sao kh\u00f4ng k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi th\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c?\u201d nh\u01b0 nh\u00e0 l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft d\u00e2y Steven Gubser, gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 v\u1eadt l\u00fd t\u1ea1i \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Princeton, vi\u1ebft trong quy\u1ec3n s\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng. Ch\u00fang ta \u0111ang s\u1ed1ng trong m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i r\u1ea5t ph\u1ea5n kh\u00edch, nh\u01b0 Juan Maldacena ph\u00e1t bi\u1ec3u trong b\u00e0i ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n n\u0103m 2013. Ngo\u1ea3i nh\u1eefng ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 trong v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 h\u1ecdc, \u201cch\u00fang ta \u0111ang th\u00e1m hi\u1ec3m c\u00e1c t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft d\u00e2y nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft c\u1ee7a h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed (quantum gravity). C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ph\u00e9p \u0111\u1ed1i ng\u1eabu (dualities) v\u00e0 c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa ch\u00fang v\u1edbi nhau. Nh\u1eefng ph\u00e9p \u0111\u1ed1i ng\u1eabu n\u00e0y h\u00e9 l\u1ed9 m\u1ed9t m\u1ed1i li\u00ean h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c thuy\u1ebft tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed, h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed v\u00e0 l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft d\u00e2y. C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t trong v\u1eadt l\u00fd l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft. T\u00f4i ngh\u0129 nh\u1eefng ph\u00e9p \u0111\u1ed1i ng\u1eabu n\u00e0y t\u1ecf ra l\u00e0 v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng h\u1eefu d\u1ee5ng trong s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft c\u00e1c kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a thuy\u1ebft tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed v\u00e0 h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed. Nh\u00e0 v\u1eadt l\u00fd h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thuy\u1ebft tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a l\u1ed7 \u0111en. Nh\u00e0 v\u1eadt l\u00fd v\u1eadt ng\u01b0ng t\u1ee5 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 xem x\u00e9t c\u00f9ng ph\u00e9p \u0111\u1ed1i ng\u1eabu v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u1ed7 \u0111en \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1c t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng h\u1ea1t t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c m\u1ea1nh\u201d (Maldacena, ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n 2013).<\/p>\n

[5]<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

L\u00fd thuy\u1ebft d\u00e2y l\u00e0 n\u01a1i h\u1ee3p l\u01b0u ng\u1ea1c nhi\u00ean c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt l\u00fd v\u00e0 to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc. To\u00e1n h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 v\u1eadt l\u00fd c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 h\u1eb9n h\u00f2 k\u1ef3 l\u1ea1, th\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00edch th\u00edch v\u00e0 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 cho nhau. Einstein s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc Riemann \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n n\u1eeda th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 tr\u01b0\u1edbc. \u00d4ng \u0111\u00e3 di\u1ec5n t\u1ea3 \u1ea5n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh nh\u01b0 sau: \u201cL\u00e0m sao m\u00e0 to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc, m\u1ed9t s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a t\u01b0 duy con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp v\u1edbi th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m, l\u1ea1i th\u00edch h\u1ee3p m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e1ng ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng m\u1ed9 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf v\u00e0o c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a th\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i?\u201d C\u00f2n v\u1edbi thuy\u1ebft tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed chu\u1ea9n (gauge theory) c\u1ee7a Yang v\u00e0 Mills, thuy\u1ebft m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a thuy\u1ebft \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a Maxwell, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t tr\u00ean c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m SU, hay t\u1ed5ng qu\u00e1t h\u01a1n c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m Lie kh\u00f4ng giao ho\u00e1n (non-abelien), \u0111\u1ec3 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng cho c\u00e1c l\u1ef1c \u0111i\u1ec7n-y\u1ebfu v\u00e0 l\u1ef1c m\u1ea1nh trong m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh chu\u1ea9n, th\u00ec hai \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eadp nhi\u00ean tr\u01b0\u1edbc. Yang ph\u00e1t bi\u1ec3u:<\/p>\n

\u0110\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 ni\u1ec1m vui. C\u00f3 c\u00e1i g\u00ec l\u1edbn h\u01a1n, s\u00e2u th\u1eb5m h\u01a1n n\u1eefa: Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u00e1i g\u00ec c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 huy\u1ec1n di\u1ec7u h\u01a1n, truy\u1ec1n c\u1ea3m h\u1ee9ng k\u00ednh s\u1ee3 h\u01a1n l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi v\u1eadt l\u00fd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eafn li\u1ec1n m\u1eadt thi\u1ebft v\u1edbi c\u00e1c kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng t\u01b0 duy c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c trong logic v\u00e0 v\u1ebb \u0111\u1eb9p c\u1ee7a h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c? (Frenkel, 301)<\/p>\n

Eugene Wigner, m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 v\u1eadt l\u00fd M\u1ef9 g\u1ed1c Hungari gi\u1ea3i Nobel c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 20, g\u1ecdi \u201ct\u00ednh hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc trong c\u00e1c khoa h\u1ecdc t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean l\u00e0 phi l\u00fd (kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec3u n\u1ed5i)\u201d.<\/p>\n

To\u00e1n h\u1ecdc c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 bay cao l\u00ean b\u1ea7u tr\u1eddi tr\u1eebu t\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ee7 s\u1ee9c nh\u00ecn xa v\u00e0 soi s\u00e1ng l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea5t. L\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ecbnh l\u00fd cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a Fermat<\/i> l\u00e0 th\u00ed d\u1ee59<\/sup>. Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi tr\u1eebu t\u01b0\u1ee3ng kia, v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng quan ni\u1ec7m v\u00e0 \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi Plato, tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi th\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i. Roger Penrose trong quy\u1ec3n s\u00e1ch The Road to Reality<\/i> (Con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ebfn Th\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i) cho r\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng m\u1ec7nh \u0111\u1ec1 to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc \u201cch\u00ednh x\u00e1c l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng c\u00e1i \u0111\u00fang m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1ch quan. N\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t m\u1ec7nh \u0111\u1ec1 to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc c\u00f3 t\u00ednh t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i Plato l\u00e0 n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng n\u00f3 \u0111\u00fang trong m\u1ed9t ngh\u0129a kh\u00e1ch quan.\u201d T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf l\u00e0 c\u00e1c kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc. Kurt G\u00f6del, nh\u00e0 logic h\u1ecdc v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 20, ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u1ed1i nghi\u1ec7p Aristote, c\u0169ng c\u00f3 c\u00f9ng \u00fd ki\u1ebfn. Theo \u00f4ng, c\u00e1c c\u00f4n-x\u00e9p (concepts, \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ea1o) to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc \u201cl\u00e0m th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t th\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i kh\u00e1ch quan t\u1ef1 ch\u00fang, ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra hay thay \u0111\u1ed5i, m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 l\u0129nh h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 m\u00f4 t\u1ea3. N\u00f3i c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c, \u201cto\u00e1n h\u1ecdc m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t th\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng-duy c\u1ea3m, n\u00f3 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 thi\u00ean h\u01b0\u1edbng tinh th\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u0129nh h\u1ed9i, v\u00e0 c\u00f3 l\u1ebd l\u0129nh h\u1ed9i r\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 b\u1edfi tinh th\u1ea7n con ng\u01b0\u1eddi.\u201d (Frenkel, 234)10<\/sup><\/p>\n

[6]<\/b><\/p>\n

N\u0103m 2016, n\u0103m ra m\u1eaft, T\u1ea1i sao l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft d\u00e2y?<\/i> l\u1ecdt v\u00e0o v\u00f2ng chung k\u1ebft c\u1ee7a 10 quy\u1ec3n s\u00e1ch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1p ch\u00ed Physics World<\/i> tuy\u1ec3n ch\u1ecdn, v\u00e0 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vinh danh l\u00e0 \u201cQuy\u1ec3n s\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a n\u0103m 2016\u201d. S\u00e1ch \u0111\u00f3n nh\u1eadn nhi\u1ec1u l\u1eddi khen x\u1ee9ng \u0111\u00e1ng c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc, nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u t\u00ean tu\u1ed5i nh\u01b0 Marcus du Sautoy, Pedro Ferreira, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a Juan Maldacena, nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ecdc n\u00f3 s\u1ebd th\u1ea5y thuy\u1ebft ph\u1ee5c v\u00e0 say m\u00ea h\u01a1n. L\u1eddi khen sau \u0111\u00e2y, trong r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u l\u1eddi khen kh\u00e1c, c\u1ee7a Fernando Quevedo, Gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed1c ICTP, Trieste, \u00dd, Gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 v\u1eadt l\u00fd l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Cambridge, Anh, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 xem nh\u01b0 t\u00f3m t\u1eaft nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u00ednh:<\/p>\n

\u0110\u00e2y c\u00f3 l\u1ebd l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c lu\u1eadn c\u1ee9 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch thuy\u1ebft ph\u1ee5c nh\u1ea5t t\u1ea1i sao l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft d\u00e2y c\u00f3 s\u1ee9c h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 v\u1eadt l\u00fd l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eadp ni\u00ean qua m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 c\u00f2n thi\u1ebfu ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ee9 th\u1ef1c nghi\u1ec7m. N\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ec9 b\u1eb1ng s\u1ef1 \u0111am m\u00ea c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi tham gia, kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng tri th\u1ee9c r\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t tinh th\u1ea7n t\u01b0\u01a1i tr\u1ebb c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 Oxford tr\u1ebb tu\u1ed5i th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng, m\u00e0 v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3u b\u1edfi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111am m\u00ea khoa h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ea1i ch\u00fang, nh\u1eefng sinh vi\u00ean tr\u1ebb v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t m\u1ed1i quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn khoa h\u1ecdc, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u trong nh\u1eefng ng\u00e0nh kh\u00e1c, hay b\u1edfi c\u00f4ng ch\u00fang. [\u2026] B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y d\u1eabn nh\u1eadp tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi v\u00e0o l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft d\u00e2y, quy\u1ec3n s\u00e1ch c\u00f2n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1edbi nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u00f2n \u0111\u1ec3 m\u1edf trong v\u1eadt l\u00fd c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n, bao g\u1ed3m s\u1ef1 quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c vi\u00ean g\u1ea1ch x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u1ee7a t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean, bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 h\u1ea1t Higgs, cho \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1edbi nh\u1ea5t trong v\u1eadt l\u00fd thi\u00ean v\u0103n, v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ban s\u01a1, v\u00e0 v\u1eadt l\u00fd l\u1ed7 \u0111en, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng li\u00ean quan nh\u01b0 khoa h\u1ecdc v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u, v\u00e0 si\u00eau d\u1eabn. N\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c ph\u00ea ph\u00e1n chu\u1ea9n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft d\u00e2y, v\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p nh\u1eefng gi\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e1p ch\u00e2n th\u00e0nh v\u00e0 s\u00e2u s\u1eafc trong khi nh\u00ecn nh\u1eadn nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m y\u1ebfu v\u00e0 th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi thuy\u1ebft d\u00e2y. Th\u00eam v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, n\u00f3 nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt r\u1eb1ng l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft d\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft c\u1ee7a l\u1ef1c h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn \u1edf c\u1ea5p vi m\u00f4 m\u00e0 c\u00f2n l\u00e0 l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft tham v\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t t\u1eebng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ngh\u0129 ra \u0111\u1ec3 bao g\u1ed3m t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t v\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n, v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u b\u1edfi nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ea7u \u00f3c t\u00f2 m\u00f2 th\u00edch kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 nh\u1ea5t.\u201d11<\/sup><\/p>\n

T\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 Conlon k\u00eau g\u1ecdi h\u00e3y \u201cngh\u0129 l\u1edbn\u201d v\u00e0 d\u00e0i h\u01a1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ee9 t\u1eeb l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, \u0111\u1ed1i l\u1eadp l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi c\u00f3 t\u00ednh \u201cm\u00ec \u0103n li\u1ec1n\u201d c\u1ee7a th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i. Khoa h\u1ecdc l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c chinh ph\u1ee5c kh\u00f4ng n\u00f3i tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khi n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00edch, v\u00e0 c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng bao d\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc, bi quan hay t\u1ef1 m\u00e3n. H\u00e3y ngh\u0129 \u0111\u1ebfn Democritus, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 t\u00e1o b\u1ea1o \u0111\u01b0a ra \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ea1o: th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eed. M\u00e3i \u0111\u1ebfn 2.500 n\u0103m sau th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi m\u1edbi x\u00e1c minh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eddi ti\u00ean tri b\u1eb1ng M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh chu\u1ea9n, k\u1ebft th\u00fac m\u1ed9t thi\u00ean s\u1eed thi l\u00e2u d\u00e0i v\u00e0 h\u00e0o h\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i. H\u1ea1t Higgs c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ee3i 50 n\u0103m m\u1edbi th\u1ea5y \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi. H\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc Riemann ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ee3i 50 n\u0103m m\u1edbi c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ee9ng minh \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng gian ch\u00fang ta s\u1ed1ng. S\u00f3ng h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn c\u1ee7a Einstein c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ee3i 100 n\u0103m m\u1edbi hi\u1ec7n ra l\u00e0 ch\u00e2n l\u00fd. Nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t \u1ea9n d\u1ee5 Conlon \u0111\u01b0a ra, m\u1ed9t doanh nh\u00e2n mu\u1ed1n gi\u00e0u c\u00f3 trong m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ed5 x\u00f4 \u0111i t\u00ecm v\u00e0ng, n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4n ngoan th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ec9 lo t\u00ecm nh\u1eefng c\u1ee5c qu\u1eb7ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eaft, m\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i lo s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ra th\u1eadt nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e1i x\u1ebbng, c\u00e1i ch\u1ea3o \u0111\u00e3i v\u00e0ng. Nh\u1eefng c\u00f4n-x\u1ebfp, c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n, nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc s\u00e2u, v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0o c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt l\u00fd, \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng c\u00e1i x\u1ebbng v\u00e0 ch\u1ea3o \u0111\u00e3i.<\/p>\n

Ch\u00fang ta v\u1eabn l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ee9a tr\u1ebb \u0111\u1ee9ng b\u00ean b\u1edd \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u01b0a bi\u1ebft m\u00e0 ta mu\u1ed1n bi\u1ebft, n\u00f3i nh\u01b0 Newton. Hay n\u00f3i nh\u01b0 Stephen Hawking: \u201cCh\u00fang ta ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ee7ng lo\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ch\u00fa kh\u1ec9 s\u1ed1ng tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t h\u00e0nh tinh th\u1ee9 y\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t v\u00ec sao r\u1ea5t trung b\u00ecnh. Nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u0169 tr\u1ee5. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0m cho ch\u00fang ta th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i g\u00ec r\u1ea5t \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t.\u201d B\u1ecb khuy\u1ebft t\u1eadt, nh\u01b0ng \u00f4ng v\u1eabn lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n l\u1ea1c quan v\u00e0 gi\u1eef v\u1eefng ni\u1ec1m tin v\u00e0o n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c l\u00fd t\u00ednh con ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>\n

T\u1ea1i sao l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft d\u00e2y?<\/i> c\u00f3 l\u1ebd l\u00e0 quy\u1ec3n s\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean v\u1ec1 l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft d\u00e2y \u1edd Vi\u1ec7t Nam. T\u00f4i h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c c\u00e1m \u01a1n nh\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n Tr\u1ebb, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t c\u00f4 Thu Nhi \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 nh\u1ea1y b\u00e9n xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n quy\u1ec3n s\u00e1ch n\u00e0y cho \u0111\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ea1i ch\u00fang, k\u1ecbp l\u00fac \u0110\u00e0m Thanh S\u01a1n nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i th\u01b0\u1edfng Dirac danh gi\u00e1, ni\u1ec1m vinh d\u1ef1 cho t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t Nam.<\/p>\n

Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi k\u1ebft th\u00fac, t\u00f4i xin chia s\u1ebb nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi b\u1ed9c b\u1ea1ch c\u1ee7a \u0110\u00e0m Thanh S\u01a1n trong blog c\u1ee7a anh li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c v\u00e0 mong \u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a anh nh\u00e2n anh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trao gi\u1ea3i Dirac c\u1ee7a ICTP:<\/p>\n

T\u00f4i c\u0169ng mu\u1ed1n chia s\u1ebb \u0111\u00f4i ch\u00fat v\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. Th\u1eddi gian s\u1eafp t\u1edbi, c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed3ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 h\u1ecdc tr\u00f2, t\u00f4i s\u1ebd ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u00e1c hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed trong c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ea1t, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c m\u1ea1nh. B\u00e0i to\u00e1n v\u1ec1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c m\u1ea1nh trong v\u1eadt l\u00fd nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ea1t l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i to\u00e1n kh\u00f3 v\u00e0 quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 v\u1eadt l\u00fd h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u. R\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ta d\u00f9ng hi\u1ec7n nay, bao g\u1ed3m nh\u1eefng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ed1i ng\u1eabu m\u00e0 t\u00f4i tham gia ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, s\u1ebd ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n nh\u1ecf c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai.<\/p>\n

V\u1ec1 l\u00e2u d\u00e0i, t\u00f4i mu\u1ed1n t\u00ecm t\u00f2i h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c kh\u00e1c nhau c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt l\u00fd v\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc n\u00f3i chung, kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft li\u00ean quan tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e0i hi\u1ec7n nay t\u00f4i \u0111ang nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u.<\/p>\n

V\u00e0 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eafc \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed1i quan t\u00e2m l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh V\u1eadt l\u00fd Vi\u1ec7t Nam. T\u00f4i \u0111ang c\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng nghi\u1ec7p trong v\u00e0 ngo\u00e0i n\u01b0\u1edbc b\u00e0n b\u1ea1c, t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n ng\u00e0nh v\u1eadt l\u00fd Vi\u1ec7t Nam hi\u1ec7n nay. Ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng, v\u00e0 t\u00f4i tin r\u1eb1ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh v\u1eadt l\u00fd \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam s\u1ebd r\u1ea5t x\u00e1n l\u1ea1n n\u1ebfu ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1eafn nh\u1eb1m thu h\u00fat \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng t\u00e0i n\u0103ng tr\u1ebb v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n cho h\u1ecd ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u00e0i n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. T\u00f4i r\u1ea5t mong c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 thi\u1ebft th\u1ef1c t\u1eeb ph\u00eda nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1edbm ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch nh\u01b0 v\u1eady.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u00e0m Thanh S\u01a1n<\/p>\n

Anh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00e2m huy\u1ebft v\u1edbi khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc, c\u00f3 t\u1ea7m h\u1ecdc r\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 khi\u00eam t\u1ed1n. Trong tinh th\u1ea7n g\u00f3p s\u1ee9c x\u00e2y \u0111\u1eafp m\u1ed9t v\u0103n h\u00f3a v\u1eadt l\u00fd, khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh th\u1ee9c c\u00e1c t\u00e0i n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc, t\u00f4i xin gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u n\u1ed3ng nhi\u1ec7t quy\u1ec3n s\u00e1ch T\u1ea1i sao l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft d\u00e2y <\/i>c\u1ee7a Joseph Colon \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ecdc g\u1ea7n xa.<\/p>\n

Th\u00e1ng 9, 2018<\/p>\n

Xem th\u00eam v\u1ec1 T\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng ma qu\u00e1i t\u1eeb xa EPR, c\u1ea7u Einstein-Rosen, l\u1ed7 \u0111en v\u00e0 Nguy\u00ean l\u00fd to\u00e0n \u1ea3nh:<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

Chuy\u1ebfn th\u0103m \u0110\u00e0 L\u1ea1t c\u1ee7a GS \u2018t Hooft<\/a><\/h3>\n

Tham kh\u1ea3o<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

1. String theory <\/i>trong wikipedia (hi\u1ec7n tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1ng 9, 2018): <\/i><\/p>\n

https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/String_theory#Branes<\/p>\n

2. AdS\/CFT correspondence:<\/p>\n

https:\/\/ipfs.io\/ipfs\/QmXoypizjW3WknFiJnKLwHCnL72vedxjQkDDP1mXWo6uco\/wiki\/AdS_CFT_correspondence.html<\/p>\n

3. Roger Penrose, The Road to Reality. The complete guide to the laws of the universe. <\/i>Jonathan Cape, 2004.<\/p>\n

4. Juan Maldacena, The Illusion of Gravity. Scientific American, <\/i>November, 2005.<\/i><\/p>\n

5. Dam Thanh Son, Liquid universe hints at strings. Physics World <\/i>18, No. 6, 23 (2005)<\/p>\n

6. Zeeya Merali, Collaborative physicics: String theory finds a bench mate. <\/i>Nature<\/em> 478, 302-304 (2011)<\/p>\n

7. Michael B. Green, Superstring theory. Trong <\/i>Gordon Fraser, The new physics for the twenty-first century. <\/i><\/i>Cambridge University Press, 2006.<\/i><\/i><\/p>\n

8. Brian Greene, The Hidden Reality. Parallel universes and the deep laws of the cosmos. <\/i>Alfred A. Knopf, 2011.<\/p>\n

9. Leonard Susskind, The black hole war. My battle with Stephen Hawking to make the world safe for quantum mechanics. <\/i>Little Brown and Company, 2008.<\/p>\n

10. George Musser, The complete Idiot\u2019s guide to String theory. <\/i>Alpha Books, 2008.<\/p>\n

11. Steven S. Gubser, The Little Book of String Theory. <\/i>Princeton University Press, 2010.<\/p>\n

12. Interview with Juan Maldacena 2013, <\/i>https:\/\/ep-news.web.cern.ch\/JMalda_code7501 (Xem b\u1ea3n ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t s\u1eafp t\u1edbi v\u1edbi ti\u00eau \u0111\u1ec1 Ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n Juan Maldacena trong <\/i><\/i>https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/nguyenxuanxanh\/)<\/i><\/i><\/p>\n

13. Edward Frenkel, Love and Math. The Heart of Hidden Reality. <\/i>Basic Books, 2014.<\/p>\n

14. Christophe Galfard, The Universe in your hand. A journey through space, time and beyond. <\/i><\/i>Pan Books, 2015.<\/p>\n

15. Ph\u1ea1m Xu\u00e2n Y\u00eam, https:\/\/www.diendan.org\/khoa-hoc-ky-thuat\/mot-quy-luat-pho-quat-trong-vat-ly<\/p>\n

16. Joseph Silk, On the Shores of the Unknown. A short history of the Universe. <\/i>Cambridge University Press, 2005.<\/p>\n

Chu\u0301 thi\u0301ch<\/strong><\/em>
\n1. C\u00f2n c\u00f3 Huy ch\u01b0\u01a1ng Dirac th\u1ee9 hai c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc New South Wales, Sydney, \u00dac, k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi Vi\u1ec7n v\u1eadt l\u00fd \u00dac.
\n2. Xem trong s\u00e1ch, m\u1ee5c 8.2, hay xem th\u00eam Wikipedia [1] ho\u1eb7c Brian Greene, ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 9, \u200bString theory and Holography tr\u1edf \u0111i.
\n3. Xem l\u1ecbch s\u1eed s\u00e2u h\u01a1n c\u1ee7a ph\u00e9p t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng AdS\/CFT trong [2] v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p c\u1ee7a \u2018t Hooft v\u00e0 Susskind.
\n4. N\u0103m 2001 S\u01a1n v\u00e0 Policastro v\u00e0 Starinets t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1edbt c\u1ee7a plasma trong l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft Yang-Mills si\u00eau \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1ee9ng t\u1ed1i \u0111a.
\nN\u0103m 2003, S\u01a1n, Kovtun v\u00e0 Starinets \u0111\u01b0a ra t\u1ef7 tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1edbt v\u00e0 entropy trong c\u00e1c l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng nguy\u00ean l\u00fd to\u00e0n \u1ea3nh, v\u00e0 n\u0103m 2005 ch\u1ee9ng minh cho m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp r\u1ed9ng c\u00e1c thuy\u1ebft tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c m\u1ea1nh r\u1eb1ng t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1edbt \u0111\u00f3 v\u1edbi entropy, \u200b\u03b7\u200b\/s<\/em> c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n d\u01b0\u1edbi ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c l\u00e0 \u200b\u210f\u200b\u20444\u03c0\u200bkB<\/sub> \u200b(\u200b\u210f = \u200bh<\/em>\u200b\/2\u03c0 v\u1edbi \u200bh l\u00e0 h\u1eb1ng s\u1ed1 Planck; \u200bk\u200bB<\/sub> l\u00e0 h\u1eb1ng s\u1ed1 Boltzmann). R\u1ea5t nh\u1ecf. H\u1eb1ng s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y c\u00f3 t\u00ednh ph\u1ed5 qu\u00e1t. \u0110\u1ebfn nay, ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 n\u00e0o kh\u00e1c t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n. T\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 c\u1ea3m \u01a1n th\u00f4ng tin ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a GS \u0110\u00e0m Thanh S\u01a1n. Xem th\u00eam Ph\u1ea1m Xu\u00e2n Y\u00eam.
\n5. Susskind [2008], 431
\n6.\u00a0C\u00e1c b\u00e0i b\u00e1o \u0111\u00f3 l\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3t l\u00e0<\/p>\n

Maldacena (27 November 1997)
\nhttps:\/\/arxiv.org\/abs\/hep-th\/9711200<\/p>\n

Gubser, Klebanov, Polyakov (16 February 1998)
\nhttps:\/\/arxiv.org\/abs\/hep-th\/9802109<\/p>\n

Witten (20 February 1998)
\nhttps:\/\/arxiv.org\/abs\/hep-th\/9802150<\/p>\n

(C\u00e1m \u01a1n th\u00f4ng tin c\u1ee7a \u0110\u00e0m Thanh S\u01a1n)<\/p>\n

Ngo\u00e0i ra, Witten l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t cu\u1ed9c \u200bc\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng si\u00eau d\u00e2y th\u1ee9 hai \u200bn\u0103m 1995 v\u00e0 th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t n\u0103m lo\u1ea1i l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft d\u00e2y th\u00e0nh \u201cThuy\u1ebft-M\u201d. M c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 Magic, ma thu\u1eadt, Mystery, huy\u00ea\u0300n b\u00ed, hay Membrance, m\u00e0ng.
\n7. Ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m Brookhaven c\u00f3 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed r\u1ea5t n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng. N\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 mang l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u gi\u1ea3i Nobel v\u1eadt l\u00fd: Chen Ning Yang v\u00e0 Tsung-Dao Lee (1957) v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 vi ph\u1ea1m \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1ee9ng g\u01b0\u01a1ng; Samuel C. C. Ting (1976) v\u1ec1 h\u1ea1t quark duy\u00ean J\/Psi trong M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh chu\u1ea9n; James Cronin v\u00e0 Val Logsdon Fitch (1980) v\u1ec1 vi ph\u1ea1m \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1ee9ng CP; Leon M. Lederman, Melvin Schwartz, Jack Steinberger (1988) v\u1ec1 kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 h\u1ea1t muon neutrino; v\u00e0 Raymond Davis, Jr. (2002) v\u1ec1 kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 giao \u0111\u1ed9ng neutrino. Ri\u00eang m\u00e1y gia t\u1ed1c RHIC \u0111i v\u00e0o ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb n\u0103m 2000, v\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u00e1y gia t\u1ed1c l\u1edbn th\u1ee9 hai sau m\u00e1y Large Hadron Collider c\u1ee7a CERN, c\u1ed7 m\u00e1y \u0111\u00e3 t\u00ecm ra h\u1ea1t boson Higgs n\u0103m 2012. \u0110i\u00ea\u0300u \u0111\u00f3 cho th\u1ea5y k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 th\u1ef1c nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a S\u01a1n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng s\u1ef1 l\u00e0 h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c uy t\u00edn.
\n8. Xem th\u00eam l\u1eddi d\u1eabn nh\u1eadp \u200bL\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft d\u00e2y\u200b<\/em> c\u1ee7a GS Emil Martinec trong s\u00e1ch.
\n9. Xem \u200b\u0110\u1ecbnh l\u00fd cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a Fermat\u200b<\/em> c\u1ee7a L\u00ea Quang \u00c1nh, nxb T\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p TP, 2018.
\n10. Xem \u200bD\u1eabn nh\u1eadp\u200b<\/em> c\u1ee7a t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 trong \u200b\u0110\u1ecbnh l\u00fd cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a Fermat<\/em>\u200b nh\u01b0 tr\u00ean
\n11. Xem th\u00eam trong s\u00e1ch c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 tr\u00ean m\u1ea1ng amazon.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

  L\u00dd THUY\u1ebeT D\u00c2Y Hay l\u00e0 V\u1ede H\u00c0I K\u1ecaCH TH\u1ea6N TH\u00c1NH C\u1ee6A T\u1ea0O H\u00d3A? Nguy\u1ec5n Xu\u00e2n Xanh N\u1ebfu ch\u00fang ta hi\u1ec3u l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft d\u00e2y, ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd bi\u1ebft v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ebf n\u00e0o. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng m\u1ea5y l\u00ean vi\u1ec7c ch\u00fang ta s\u1ed1ng th\u1ebf n\u00e0o, nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_mi_skip_tracking":false,"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/nguyenxuanxanh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2168"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/nguyenxuanxanh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/nguyenxuanxanh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/nguyenxuanxanh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/nguyenxuanxanh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2168"}],"version-history":[{"count":53,"href":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/nguyenxuanxanh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2168\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7774,"href":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/nguyenxuanxanh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2168\/revisions\/7774"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/nguyenxuanxanh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2168"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/nguyenxuanxanh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2168"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/nguyenxuanxanh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2168"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}