{"id":3508,"date":"2019-12-16T15:39:21","date_gmt":"2019-12-16T08:39:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/nguyenxuanxanh\/?p=3508"},"modified":"2024-11-13T20:35:21","modified_gmt":"2024-11-13T13:35:21","slug":"tieu-su-donald-keene","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/nguyenxuanxanh\/tieu-su-donald-keene\/","title":{"rendered":"Ti\u1ec3u s\u1eed Donald Keene<\/i>"},"content":{"rendered":"

DONALD KEENE <\/span><\/h1>\n

V\u00c0 NH\u1eacT B\u1ea2N<\/span><\/h1>\n

Nguy\u1ec5n Xu\u00e2n Xanh<\/strong><\/span>\u00a0gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u<\/em><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

T\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng m\u00ecnh c\u00f3 m\u1ed1i li\u00ean h\u1ec7 duy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t n\u00e0o v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2014Donald Keene<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Ni\u1ec1m vui ch\u01b0a tr\u1ecdn v\u1eb9n, t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 Donald Keene ch\u01b0a nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3n ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a s\u00e1ch \u00f4ng th\u00ec \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 qua \u0111\u1eddi l\u00fac 6:21 gi\u1edd s\u00e1ng ng\u00e0y 24 th\u00e1ng 2, n\u0103m 2019 t\u1ea1i b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n Tokyo, h\u01b0\u1edfng th\u1ecd 96 tu\u1ed5i. \u00d4ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch gi\u1ea3 v\u0103n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Donald Keene (1922-2019), sinh \u1edf Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 New York, m\u1ea5t \u1edf Tokyo<\/p>\n

Donald Lawrence Keene sinh ng\u00e0y 18 th\u00e1ng 6, n\u0103m 1922, t\u1ea1i Brooklyn, New York. \u00d4ng theo h\u1ecdc tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f4ng \u1edf \u0111\u00f3 v\u00e0 v\u00e0o \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Columbia n\u0103m 1938 \u1edf tu\u1ed5i 16. \u00d4ng n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ed3ng. \u00d4ng theo h\u1ecdc v\u0103n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng Hy L\u1ea1p v\u00e0 Ph\u00e1p, v\u00e0 nghe b\u00e0i gi\u1ea3ng c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng nh\u01b0 Mark Van Doren, Lionel Trilling, v\u00e0 Moses Hadas. M\u1ed9t b\u1ea1n h\u1ecdc ng\u01b0\u1eddi Trung Qu\u1ed1c d\u1ea1y \u00f4ng \u0111\u1ecdc v\u00e0 vi\u1ebft ti\u1ebfng Hoa. Nh\u01b0ng n\u0103m 1940 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1eddi \u00f4ng, khi \u00f4ng kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 Truy\u1ec7n Genji<\/em> t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 s\u00e1ch c\u0169 m\u00e0 \u00f4ng mua v\u1edbi gi\u00e1 60 xu. Genji<\/em> l\u00e0 t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m v\u0103n h\u1ecdc c\u1ed5 \u0111i\u1ec3n n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n do m\u1ed9t ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef cung \u0111\u00ecnh vi\u1ebft v\u00e0o th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 11, v\u00e0 c\u00f3 l\u1ebd l\u00e0 quy\u1ec3n ti\u1ec3u thuy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi[1]<\/a>, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ecbch b\u1edfi m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef h\u1ecdc ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u00f4ng t\u00ean tu\u1ed5i l\u00e0 Arthur Waley c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Cambridge. N\u00f3 cho \u00f4ng th\u1ea5y ng\u01b0\u1eddi Nh\u1eadt c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t di s\u1ea3n v\u0103n h\u00f3a to l\u1edbn v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb9p \u0111\u1ebd h\u01a1n l\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n phi\u1ec7t \u0111ang ho\u00e0nh h\u00e0nh t\u1ea1i Trung Qu\u1ed1c. Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u201c\u0111\u1eb9p v\u00e0 xa\u201d c\u1ee7a Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n hi\u1ec7n qua Genji <\/em>\u0111\u00e3 cung c\u1ea5p cho Donald Keene m\u1ed9t ch\u1ed7 n\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1a tinh th\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ec3 \u00f4ng l\u00e1nh xa cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn m\u00e0 Keene ch\u00e1n gh\u00e9t. \u201cN\u00f3 l\u00e0m cho t\u00f4i r\u1ea5t x\u00fac \u0111\u1ed9ng, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ec9 v\u00ec c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n th\u00fa v\u1ecb v\u00e0 c\u00e1c nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt trong \u0111\u00f3, m\u00e0 b\u1edfi v\u00ec n\u00f3 d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 v\u0103n minh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 so s\u00e1nh v\u1edbi th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi m\u00e0 t\u00f4i \u0111ang s\u1ed1ng\u201d, Keene th\u1ed5 l\u1ed9. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 cu\u1ed9c g\u1eb7p g\u1ee1 \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ec7nh v\u1edbi Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n. \u201c\u0110\u00f4i khi t\u00f4i ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng n\u1ebfu nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 t\u00ecnh c\u1edd l\u00e0m t\u00f4i m\u1ea5t h\u1ebft ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c ti\u1ebfng Nh\u1eadt, th\u00ec \u0111\u1eddi t\u00f4i s\u1ebd ch\u1eb3ng c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i g\u00ec nhi\u1ec1u. Ti\u1ebfng Nh\u1eadt, tr\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan g\u00ec \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1ed5 ti\u00ean t\u00f4i, kh\u1ea9u v\u1ecb v\u0103n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00f4i, hay \u00fd th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n t\u00f4i nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, v\u1eady m\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh nh\u00e2n t\u1ed1 trung t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1eddi t\u00f4i\u201d, nh\u01b0 \u00f4ng t\u00e2m s\u1ef1.<\/span><\/p>\n

Trong Th\u1ebf chi\u1ebfn th\u1ee9 hai, Keene ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t th\u00f4ng d\u1ecbch vi\u00ean cho h\u1ea3i qu\u00e2n M\u1ef9 t\u1ea1i Okinawa v\u00e0 v\u00e0i v\u1ecb tr\u00ed kh\u00e1c. \u00d4ng t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch thuy\u1ebft ph\u1ee5c c\u00e1c t\u00f9 nh\u00e2n chi\u1ebfn tranh Nh\u1eadt, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ec9 mu\u1ed1n t\u1ef1 s\u00e1t v\u00ec x\u1ea5u h\u1ed5 \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb b\u1eaft, h\u00e3y can \u0111\u1ea3m s\u1ed1ng ti\u1ebfp: \u201cC\u00e1c anh ph\u1ea3i s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng l\u1ea1i Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00d4ng t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p ti\u1ebfn s\u0129 t\u1ea1i \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Columbia n\u0103m 1949, v\u00e0 d\u1ea1y \u1edf \u0111\u00f3 h\u01a1n n\u0103m th\u1eadp ni\u00ean. Keene l\u00e0 nh\u00e0 Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n h\u1ecdc v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i. \u00d4ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u di s\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 s\u1ed9 v\u1ec1 v\u0103n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n, l\u1ecbch s\u1eed v\u00e0 v\u0103n h\u00f3a, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 b\u1ed9 L\u1ecbch s\u1eed v\u0103n h\u1ecdc Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n g\u1ed3m 18 t\u1eadp, m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh c\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n t\u01b0 th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 \u0111\u1ec3 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh; v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t quy\u1ec3n ti\u1ec3u s\u1eed \u0111\u1ed3 s\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a Ho\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ebf Minh Tr\u1ecb xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfng Nh\u1eadt n\u0103m 2001 v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfng Anh n\u0103m 2002. \u00d4ng chuy\u1ec3n ng\u1eef v\u00e0 di\u1ec5n gi\u1ea3i v\u0103n h\u00f3a Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t s\u1eafc cho c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng ti\u1ebfng Anh. C\u00e1c c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh d\u1ecbch thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u00e3 truy\u1ec1n c\u1ea3m h\u1ee9ng cho nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 sinh vi\u00ean mu\u1ed1n hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n. \u201cGi\u00e1o s\u01b0 Keene \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 then ch\u1ed1t trong vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp m\u00f4n nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u0103n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n \u1edf Hoa K\u1ef3 v\u00e0 xa h\u01a1n n\u1eefa\u201d, Trung t\u00e2m V\u0103n h\u00f3a Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n Donald Keene t\u1ea1i \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Columbia vi\u1ebft trong trang web c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. C\u00e1c quan s\u00e1t s\u1eafc x\u1ea3o c\u1ee7a Keene v\u1ec1 v\u0103n h\u00f3a, l\u1ecbch s\u1eed v\u00e0 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i cung c\u1ea5p cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecdc ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y, v\u00e0 c\u1ea3 Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n nh\u1eefng nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c c\u00f3 t\u00ednh khai s\u00e1ng.<\/span><\/p>\n

Trung t\u00e2m V\u0103n h\u00f3a Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n Donald Keene t\u1ea1i \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Columbia \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp n\u0103m 1986 \u0111\u1ec3 vinh danh \u00f4ng v\u1edbi m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch khu\u1ebfch tr\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n v\u00e0 v\u0103n h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a qu\u1ed1c gia n\u00e0y t\u1ea1i Hoa K\u1ef3 th\u00f4ng qua gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y, nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c c\u00f4ng; khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i li\u00ean h\u1ec7 h\u1ed7 t\u01b0\u01a1ng gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n, c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia ch\u00e2u \u00c1 kh\u00e1c, ch\u00e2u \u00c2u v\u00e0 Hoa K\u1ef3.<\/span><\/p>\n

Donald Keene l\u00e0 g\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1eb7t quen thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi gi\u1edbi h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u00e2m m\u1ed9 v\u0103n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi n\u00f3i ti\u1ebfng Anh. Nh\u01b0ng t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1970 tr\u1edf \u0111i, \u00f4ng l\u00e0 khu\u00f4n m\u1eb7t quan tr\u1ecdng trong gi\u1edbi truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n. T\u00ecnh b\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 b\u00e1o v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p v\u00e0o t\u00ean tu\u1ed5i \u00f4ng, nh\u01b0ng nh\u00e2n t\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng k\u00e9m quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 \u00f4ng vi\u1ebft v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfng Nh\u1eadt trong nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eadp ni\u00ean li\u1ec1n. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t trong nh\u1eefng th\u1eadp k\u1ef7 1970 v\u00e0 1980 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t m\u1ed1i quan t\u00e2m l\u1edbn v\u1ec1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ngo\u1ea1i qu\u1ed1c hi\u1ec3u g\u00ec Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n, v\u00e0 v\u1edbi t\u01b0 c\u00e1ch m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00f3i th\u00e0nh th\u1ea1o ti\u1ebfng Nh\u1eadt v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 uy t\u00edn v\u1ec1 v\u0103n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng l\u1eabn hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i, \u00f4ng r\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u0103n l\u00f9ng. Th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfng Anh c\u0169ng xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n song song b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfng Nh\u1eadt, v\u00e0 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng \u0111\u0103ng nhi\u1ec1u k\u1ef3 tr\u00ean c\u00e1c t\u1ea1p ch\u00ed v\u00e0 nh\u1eadt b\u00e1o Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n. Nh\u01b0ng ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh \u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecdc Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n: ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c essays v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng chuy\u1ebfn \u0111i c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng \u1edf ch\u00e2u \u00c2u, ch\u00e2u \u00c1, v\u00e0 ch\u00e2u Phi, hay nh\u1eefng kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh v\u0103n h\u00f3a M\u1ef9 v\u00e0 ch\u00e2u \u00c2u. Nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m \u00f4ng c\u0169ng vi\u1ebft c\u00e1c c\u1ed9t b\u00e1o b\u00ecnh lu\u1eadn c\u00e1c bu\u1ed5i tr\u00ecnh di\u1ec5n nh\u1ea1c c\u1ed5 \u0111i\u1ec3n hay opera. G\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y, nh\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng, Shinch\u014dsha, \u0111\u00e3 chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb xong m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 s\u01b0u t\u1eadp c\u00e1c b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft \u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfng Nh\u1eadt: B\u1ed9 s\u01b0u t\u1eadp \u0111\u00e3 l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn 15 t\u1eadp, v\u00e0 c\u00f2n th\u00eam ph\u1ea7n b\u1ed5 sung n\u1eefa. Donald Keene \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c New York Times Book Review<\/em> ca ng\u1ee3i l\u00e0 \u201cchuy\u00ean gia h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 v\u1ec1 v\u0103n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

Keene nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u hu\u00e2n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n, bao g\u1ed3m Hu\u00e2n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng M\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi m\u1ecdc H\u1ea1ng 3 n\u0103m 1975, Hu\u00e2n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng M\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi m\u1ecdc H\u1ea1ng 2 n\u0103m 1993, v\u00e0 Hu\u00e2n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng V\u0103n h\u00f3a (Bunka Kunsho) n\u0103n 2008 v\u1edbi t\u01b0 c\u00e1ch ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean. \u00d4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ecdn l\u00e0 Nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt Gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb V\u0103n h\u00f3a n\u0103m 2002; \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trao Hu\u00e2n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng V\u0103n h\u00f3a (Bunka kunsh\u014d) n\u0103m 2008 l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean. \u00d4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea7u l\u00e0m th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a H\u00e0n l\u00e2m vi\u1ec7n Ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 Khoa h\u1ecdc Hoa K\u1ef3 n\u0103m 1976, th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a H\u00e0n l\u00e2m vi\u1ec7n Ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 V\u0103n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng Hoa K\u1ef3 n\u0103m 1986, v\u00e0 th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean danh d\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a H\u00e0n l\u00e2m vi\u1ec7n Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n n\u0103m 1990. Trong s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc trao \u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng danh d\u1ef1 c\u00f3 \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Cambridge, St. Andrew\u2019s College, Middlebury College, \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Columbia, \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Tohoku, \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Waseda, \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Ngo\u1ea1i ng\u1eef Tokyo, v\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Keiwa.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00d4ng c\u00f2n nh\u1eadn Gi\u1ea3i th\u01b0\u1edfng Kikuchi Kan n\u0103m 1962, nh\u1eadn c\u1ea3 hai Gi\u1ea3i Yamagata v\u00e0 Gi\u1ea3i Qu\u1ef9 Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n n\u0103m 1980. C\u00e1c t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m v\u1ec1 v\u0103n h\u00f3a nh\u1eadt k\u00fd Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n, Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi du h\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a tr\u0103m th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i<\/em> (Travelers of a Hundred Ages) gi\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Gi\u1ea3i Yomiuri, v\u00e0 Gi\u1ea3i V\u0103n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n n\u0103m 1985. \u00d4ng gi\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Gi\u1ea3i Th\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4 Tokyo n\u0103m 1987, Gi\u1ea3i th\u01b0\u1edfng Ivan Sandorf n\u0103m 1991, Gi\u1ea3i V\u0103n h\u00f3a Truy\u1ec1n thanh v\u00e0 Truy\u1ec1n h\u00ecnh n\u0103m 1993, Gi\u1ea3i Inoue Yasushi n\u0103m 1994, Gi\u1ea3i Asashi n\u0103m 1998, v\u00e0 Gi\u1ea3i V\u0103n h\u00f3a Mainichi n\u0103m 2002 cho t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m Ho\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ebf Minh Tr\u1ecb. M\u1ed9t vi\u1ec7n b\u1ea3o t\u00e0ng d\u00e0nh cho cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi v\u00e0 t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m \u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khai tr\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1edf Kashiwazaki, T\u1ec9nh Niigata.<\/span><\/p>\n

C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i, Donald Keene l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 v\u1ec1 v\u0103n h\u00f3a Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n, d\u1ecbch gi\u1ea3 v\u00e0 di\u1ec5n gi\u1ea3 xu\u1ea5t s\u1eafc v\u0103n h\u00f3a Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n c\u1ed5 \u0111i\u1ec3n v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i, g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n l\u00e0m cho v\u0103n h\u00f3a Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd ra th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi c\u0169ng tr\u1edf n\u00ean s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u01a1n trong \u00fd th\u1ee9c ng\u01b0\u1eddi Nh\u1eadt. M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng, sau Ho\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ebf Minh Tr\u1ecb, c\u00f3 t\u00ean Yoshimasa and the Silver Pavilion<\/em>, n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 v\u1ecb Shogun Yoshimasa<\/strong> th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 15 (1436-90, c\u1ea7m quy\u1ec1n 1449-73). \u00d4ng kh\u00f4ng xu\u1ea5t s\u1eafc trong vai l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 v\u00e0 tr\u1ecb v\u00ec thi\u00ean h\u1ea1, v\u00ec th\u1ebf s\u1edbm r\u00fat kh\u1ecfi ch\u00ednh tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ec3 lui v\u1ec1 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u0103n h\u00f3a, ch\u0103m lo “r\u00e8n \u0111\u00fac kh\u1ea9u v\u1ecb v\u0103n h\u00f3a Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n” m\u00e0 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi h\u00f4m nay ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng m\u1ed9 \u2212 t\u1eeb trong l\u1eeda \u0111\u1ecf chi\u1ebfn tranh v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3i kh\u1ed5! \u00d4ng x\u00e2y \u0111\u1ec1n Ginkaku (Silver Pavilion), thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf nh\u1eefng v\u01b0\u1eddn hoa l\u1ed9ng l\u1eaby, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ki\u1ec3u ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac shoin-zukuri, b\u1ea3o tr\u1ee3 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 th\u01a1, tr\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1o, ngh\u1ec7 s\u0129 no, nh\u00e0 h\u1ed9i h\u1ecda, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00e0 t\u00ean tu\u1ed5i v\u1eabn c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng m\u1ed9 h\u00f4m nay. T\u1eeb l\u00e2u \u0111\u00e0i \u1ea9n d\u1eadt c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng trong khu ph\u1ed1 Higashiyama gi\u1eefa m\u1ed9t th\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4 b\u1ecb chi\u1ebfn tranh t\u00e0n ph\u00e1, \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 d\u1eabn d\u1eaft v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh n\u1ec1n ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt m\u00e0 ng\u00e0y nay th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi ca t\u1ee5ng l\u00e0 \u201c\u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng c\u1ee7a Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n \u0111\u1eb9p \u0111\u1ebd v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9c nh\u1ea5t v\u00f4 nh\u1ecb\u201d. \u201cCh\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb c\u00e1m d\u1ed7 \u0111\u1ec3 k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng\u201d, Keene vi\u1ebft, \u201ckh\u00f4ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0o trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng l\u1edbn h\u01a1n l\u00ean vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o d\u1ef1ng n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng kh\u1ea9u v\u1ecb Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n nh\u01b0 \u00f4ng\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Silver Pavillon c\u1ee7a Yoshimasa ng\u00e0y nay<\/p>\n\"\"\n

Shogun Ashikaga Yoshimasa (1436 \u20131490)<\/p>\n

Vua Tr\u1ea7n Nh\u00e2n T\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 13 c\u0169ng c\u00f3 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1, s\u1edbm nh\u01b0\u1eddng ng\u00f4i cho con \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00ean nu\u1ed1i \u1edf \u1ea9n tu thi\u1ec1n, truy\u1ec1n b\u00e1 c\u00e1i \u201c\u0110\u1ea1o\u201d, x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c cho d\u00e2n s\u1ed1ng bi\u1ebft \u201ck\u1ebft h\u1ee3p l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt ph\u00e1p v\u1edbi l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng tr\u01b0\u1ee3ng phu c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf gian\u201d. Hai t\u1ea5m g\u01b0\u01a1ng, hai m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch. M\u1ed9t b\u00ean x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u201ct\u00e2m h\u1ed3n Nh\u1eadt\u201d b\u1eb1ng kh\u1ea9u v\u1ecb v\u0103n h\u00f3a, ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt, thi ca, ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac v\u00e0 m\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt, m\u1ed9t b\u00ean x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0111\u1ee9c h\u1ea1nh theo g\u01b0\u01a1ng B\u1ed3-t\u00e1t trong tr\u00e1i tim con ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/span><\/p>\n

T\u1eeb nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m Donald Keene chia th\u1eddi gian s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng gi\u1eefa Manahattan v\u00e0 Tokyo, n\u01a1i \u00f4ng gi\u1eef m\u1ed9t c\u0103n h\u1ed9 t\u1ea1i Ph\u01b0\u1eddng Kita nh\u00ecn ra khu v\u01b0\u1eddn r\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1eb9p Kyu-Furukawa. Nh\u01b0ng ngay sau tr\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t T\u014dhoku, s\u00f3ng th\u1ea7n v\u00e0 th\u1ea3m h\u1ecda h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n th\u00e1ng 3, n\u0103m 2011, Keene quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eddi M\u1ef9 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u01b0 t\u1ea1i Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ecf t\u00ecnh \u0111o\u00e0n k\u1ebft v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi Nh\u1eadt \u0111ang ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ee9ng ki\u1ebfn c\u1ea3nh di c\u01b0 c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i ra kh\u1ecfi Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n. H\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 g\u00e2y ti\u1ebfng vang l\u1edbn. N\u0103m sau \u00f4ng tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng d\u00e2n Nh\u1eadt.<\/span><\/p>\n

Khi tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n n\u0103m 2011, \u00f4ng \u0111\u1ebfn th\u0103m ngay \u0111\u1ec1n Chusonji t\u1ea1i t\u1ec9nh Iwate, \u1edf \u0111\u00f3 \u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i n\u00f3i chuy\u1ec7n c\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ed9ng. \u00d4ng b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng t\u1eeb khi \u00f4ng th\u0103m \u0111\u1ec1n n\u00e0y l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean n\u0103m 1955, c\u00f3 l\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng ng\u00e0y n\u00e0o tr\u00f4i qua m\u00e0 \u00f4ng kh\u00f4ng ngh\u0129 \u0111\u1ebfn Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n. V\u00e0 \u00f4ng n\u00f3i th\u00eam: \u201cT\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng m\u00ecnh c\u00f3 m\u1ed1i li\u00ean h\u1ec7 duy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n.\u201d Trong m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n n\u0103m 2015 \u00f4ng ph\u00e1t bi\u1ec3u \u201cT\u00f4i d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n ngh\u0129 v\u1ec1 Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n l\u00e0 n\u01a1i t\u00f4i s\u1ebd mu\u1ed1n s\u1ed1ng, v\u00e0 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 n\u01a1i t\u00f4i mu\u1ed1n ch\u1ebft.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

Donald Keene kh\u00f4ng l\u1eadp gia \u0111\u00ecnh. N\u0103m 2012 \u00f4ng nh\u1eadn Uehara Seiki (s. 1950), m\u1ed9t nh\u1ea1c s\u0129 shamisen (\u0111\u00e0n tam) truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng, v\u00e0 l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi k\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec7n trong h\u00e1t tu\u1ed3ng bunraku, l\u00e0m con nu\u00f4i v\u00e0 l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1eeba k\u1ebf. Nh\u1eefng n\u0103m cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng \u1edf Tokyo l\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac, trong v\u00f2ng tay b\u00e8 b\u1ea1n v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u00fac t\u1ee5ng \u00f4ng. Seiki ch\u0103m s\u00f3c \u00f4ng t\u1eadn t\u00ecnh.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ng\u00e0y 10. 4 l\u1ec5 t\u01b0\u1edfng ni\u1ec7m \u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c tr\u1ecdng th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1i Tokyo. C\u00f3 \u0111\u1ebfn 1500 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00f3i l\u1eddi gi\u1ea3 t\u1eeb Donald Keene. Seiki con \u00f4ng cho bi\u1ebft, cho \u0111\u1ebfn cu\u1ed1i \u0111\u1eddi, \u00f4ng c\u00f3 hai qu\u00ea h\u01b0\u01a1ng: Hoa K\u1ef3 v\u00e0 Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n.<\/span><\/p>\n

Nguy\u1ec5n Xu\u00e2n Xanh<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u00e1ng 4, 2019<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

[1]<\/a> T\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m Genji <\/em>s\u1eafp ra m\u1eaft b\u1ea3n ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

DONALD KEENE V\u00c0 NH\u1eacT B\u1ea2N Nguy\u1ec5n Xu\u00e2n Xanh\u00a0gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u   T\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng m\u00ecnh c\u00f3 m\u1ed1i li\u00ean h\u1ec7 duy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t n\u00e0o v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n. \u2014Donald Keene   Ni\u1ec1m vui ch\u01b0a tr\u1ecdn v\u1eb9n, t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 Donald Keene ch\u01b0a nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3n ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a s\u00e1ch<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_mi_skip_tracking":false,"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/nguyenxuanxanh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3508"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/nguyenxuanxanh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/nguyenxuanxanh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/nguyenxuanxanh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/nguyenxuanxanh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3508"}],"version-history":[{"count":8,"href":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/nguyenxuanxanh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3508\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":12243,"href":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/nguyenxuanxanh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3508\/revisions\/12243"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/nguyenxuanxanh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3508"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/nguyenxuanxanh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3508"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/nguyenxuanxanh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3508"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}