{"id":3519,"date":"2019-12-25T17:30:43","date_gmt":"2019-12-25T10:30:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/nguyenxuanxanh\/?p=3519"},"modified":"2023-04-20T17:21:50","modified_gmt":"2023-04-20T10:21:50","slug":"ludwig-van-beethoven-sap-250-tuoi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/nguyenxuanxanh\/ludwig-van-beethoven-sap-250-tuoi\/","title":{"rendered":" Ludwig van Beethoven s\u1eafp 250 tu\u1ed5i <\/i>"},"content":{"rendered":"

LUDWIG VAN BEETHOVEN<\/span><\/h1>\n

S\u1eaeP 250 TU\u1ed4I<\/span><\/h1>\n

Nguy\u1ec5n Xu\u00e2n Xanh<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

(Vi\u1ebft ng\u00e0y 16\/12\/2019)<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n
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“Ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc m\u1edbi n\u00e2ng con ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00ean t\u1ea7m c\u1ee7a Ch\u00faa<\/em>“<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0Ludwig van Beethoven.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

T\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng nguy\u1ec1n r\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea5ng s\u00e1ng th\u1ebf (Creator) v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i. [\u2026] N\u1ebfu th\u1eadt s\u1ef1 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3, t\u00f4i s\u1ebd l\u00e0m m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c v\u1edbi s\u1ed1 ph\u1eadn, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 t\u00f4i c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng bao l\u00e2u t\u00f4i c\u00f2n s\u1ed1ng, s\u1ebd c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng l\u00fac t\u00f4i l\u00e0 sinh linh b\u1ea5t h\u1ea1nh nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a Ch\u00faa [\u2026] Ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 nh\u1eabn nh\u1ee5c, c\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c b\u1ea5t h\u1ea1nh! Nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 d\u00e0nh cho t\u00f4i.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

Ludwig van Beethoven<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/blockquote>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Ng\u00e0y 16\/12\/2019, ng\u00e0y Vi\u1ec7t Nam, nh\u1ea1c s\u0129 t\u00e0i danh \u0110\u1ee9c Ludwig van Beethoven<\/em> tr\u00f2n 249<\/strong> tu\u1ed5i. \u00d4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u1eeda t\u1ed9i ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c ng\u00e0y 17\/12, v\u00e0 theo qui \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u00e0 th\u1edd, tr\u1ebb em sinh ra ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u1eeda t\u1ed9i n\u1ed9i trong 24 gi\u1edd, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i sinh ra ng\u00e0y 16, hay 15 n\u1ebfu b\u1ecb tr\u1ec5.<\/p>\n

V\u1eady l\u00e0 n\u0103m sau, ng\u00e0y n\u00e0y, 16\/12\/2020<\/strong>, th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi s\u1ebd k\u1ef7 ni\u1ec7m 250 n\u0103m sinh nh\u1eadt<\/strong> c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng, ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn s\u1ebd l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u1ec5 k\u1ef7 ni\u1ec7m “ho\u00e0nh tr\u00e1ng” v\u00e0 trang tr\u1ecdng.\u00a0 VN d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 quy\u1ec3n s\u00e1ch x\u1ee9ng \u0111\u00e1ng n\u00e0o v\u1ec1 “ng\u01b0\u1eddi so\u1ea1n nh\u1ea1c ho\u00e0n v\u0169<\/strong>” – universal composer<\/em> – n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

Ludwig van Beethoen l\u00e0 ch\u00e1u n\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed1c \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c (Kapellmeister)<\/em> c\u00f9ng t\u00ean, Ludwig van Beethoven, ng\u01b0\u1eddi sinh ra cha \u00f4ng l\u00e0 Johann van Beethoven. Trong khi Ludwig \u00f4ng n\u1ed9i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u00ean tu\u1ed5i \u1edf th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 Bonn, gi\u00e0u c\u00f3 v\u00e0 sang tr\u1ecdng, r\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00ednh n\u1ec3 v\u00e0 l\u00e0 ni\u1ec1m h\u00e3nh di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u00e1u tr\u1ebb Ludwig, th\u00ec Johann l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ca s\u0129 gi\u1ecdng tenor h\u1ea1ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, nh\u01b0ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi nghi\u1ec7n r\u01b0\u1ee3u v\u00e0 t\u00fang thi\u1ebfu n\u1ee3 n\u1ea7n, v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00e0nh h\u1ea1 gia \u0111\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n

Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta k\u1ec3 r\u1eb1ng, nh\u00e0 so\u1ea1n k\u1ecbch n\u1eef ng\u01b0\u1eddi Anh Enid Bagnold h\u1ecfi m\u1ed9t ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef tranh \u0111\u1ea5u n\u1eef quy\u1ec1n n\u00ean c\u00f3 l\u1eddi khuy\u00ean th\u1ebf n\u00e0o cho m\u1ed9t ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef 23 tu\u1ed5i sinh 4 ng\u01b0\u1eddi con v\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u ch\u00eat, nay l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 mang thai v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e0ng \u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7n r\u1ef1\u01a1u v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh h\u1ea1….<\/p>\n

“T\u00f4i s\u1ebd th\u00fac gi\u1ee5c c\u00f4 ta k\u1ebft li\u1ec5u c\u00e1i thai c\u1ee7a c\u00f4”.<\/p>\n

“V\u1eady th\u00ec”, nh\u00e0 so\u1ea1n k\u1ecbch kia n\u00f3i, “b\u00e0 s\u1ebd b\u1ecf v\u1ee9t b\u1ecf Beethoven r\u1ed3i”.<\/p>\n

Ch\u01b0a \u0111\u00fang l\u1eafm v\u1ec1 s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u. Nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ee9a con \u0111\u1ea7u l\u00f2ng m\u00e0 m\u1eb9 Beethoen sinh ra c\u00f3 t\u00ean Ludwig Maria ch\u1ebft sau 7 ng\u00e0y. Beethoven \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ed1 d\u1ea1y nh\u1ea1c r\u1ea5t g\u1eaft gao,v\u00e0 b\u1ecb h\u00e0nh h\u1ea1, \u0111\u00e1nh \u0111\u1eadp. \u00d4ng \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb ch\u1ee9ng \u0111au tai t\u1eeb nh\u1ecf nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng ai \u0111\u1ec3 \u00fd \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i\u00eau tr\u1ecb, khi\u1ebfn \u00f4ng sau n\u00e0y c\u00f3 l\u1ebd b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ebfc, khi\u1ebfn c\u00f3 l\u00fac \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 vi\u1ebft di ch\u00fac \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ef1 t\u1eed.<\/p>\n

Beethoven sinh ra v\u00e0o th\u1eddi khai minh<\/em>, v\u00e0 ch\u1ecbu \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng l\u1edbn su\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eddi. \u00d4ng ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng m\u1ed9 t\u1ef1 do, b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng, huynh \u0111\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng Ph\u00e1p. Beethoven s\u1ed1ng trong th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i ch\u00e2u \u00c2u \u0111ang chuy\u1ec3n m\u00ecnh to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n m\u00e0 cu\u1ed9c c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p Anh v\u00e0 C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng Ph\u00e1p, nh\u1eefng cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh Napoleon, Ph\u1ed5 b\u1ecb thua tr\u1eadn l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n then ch\u1ed1t. Khai s\u00e1ng, C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng Ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 Napoleon l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng th\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi v\u00e0 t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m \u00f4ng cho \u0111\u1ebfn cu\u1ed1i. \u00d4ng l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee9a con c\u1ee7a th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng, v\u00e0 mu\u1ed1n d\u00f9ng \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i. Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 Bonn l\u00e0 c\u00e1i n\u00f4i c\u1ee7a Khai s\u00e1ng m\u00e0 \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ea5p thu t\u1eeb tu\u1ed5i tr\u1ebb, n\u01a1i nh\u1eefng \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng khai s\u00e1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn s\u00f4i n\u1ed5i trong c\u00e1c qu\u00e1n c\u00e0 ph\u00ea hay \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc. Trong khi \u0111\u00f3, Vienna, n\u01a1i \u00f4ng chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc Haydn l\u00fac \u00f4ng 21 tu\u1ed5i, l\u00e0 th\u1ee7 ph\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ebf ch\u1ebf Hapsburg, l\u00e0 n\u01a1i b\u1ea3o th\u1ee7, s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng tr\u1eebng ph\u1ea1t nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 b\u00e0y t\u1ecf \u00fd ki\u1ebfn ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb c\u1ea5p ti\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng khai. Nh\u01b0ng Vienna l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 kinh \u0111\u00f4 c\u1ee7a nh\u1ea1c c\u1ed5 \u0111i\u1ec3n, v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng th\u1ea7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i Haydn v\u00e0 Mozart t\u1eebng ng\u1ef1 tr\u1ecb \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y. L\u1edbn l\u00ean trong kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed khai s\u00e1ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng, nh\u01b0ng r\u1ed3i ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i di\u1ec7n v\u1edbi th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng \u00e1p b\u1ee9c sau khi c\u00e1c th\u1ebf l\u1ef1c b\u1ea3o th\u1ee7 chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng Napoleon.<\/p>\n

\u00d4ng c\u00f3 l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng ph\u1ee5ng s\u1ef1 nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i r\u1ea5t s\u1edbm:<\/p>\n

T\u1eeb thu\u1edf b\u00e9 r\u1ea5t s\u1edbm, l\u00f2ng h\u0103ng say c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i ph\u1ee5ng s\u1ef1 cho nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i ngh\u00e8o kh\u00f3 v\u00e0 \u0111au kh\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 th\u00f4ng qua ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 th\u1ecfa hi\u1ec7p n\u00e0o v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 th\u1ea5p k\u00e9m.<\/p>\n

T\u1eeb khi t\u00f4i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ee9a tr\u1ebb, h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac v\u00e0 ni\u1ec1m vui l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i l\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n

B\u1ea3n giao h\u01b0\u1edfng s\u1ed1 3 c\u00f3 t\u00ean Eroica<\/em> (Anh h\u00f9ng ca) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00f4ng s\u00e1ng t\u00e1c trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n Napoleon xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n nh\u01b0 v\u1ecb anh h\u00f9ng th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00f4ng \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean l\u00e0 Buonaparte \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ecf l\u00f2ng ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng m\u1ed9. Nh\u01b0ng sau \u0111\u00f3 \u00f4ng th\u1ea5t v\u1ecdng, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed5i t\u00ean b\u1ea3n giao h\u01b0\u1edfng l\u1ea1i th\u00e0nh Sinfonia Eroica<\/em>. C\u1ea3 gi\u1edbi tinh hoa \u0110\u1ee9c, t\u1eeb Kant, Herder, Goethe, Hegel \u0111\u1ebfn Fichte, Schelling, H\u00f6lderlin, Wieland, Klopstock \u0111\u1ec1u nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf c\u1ea3. Eroica<\/em> v\u00e0 v\u1edf opera Fidelio<\/em> mang d\u1ea5u \u1ea5n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng Ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 Napoleon.<\/p>\n

N\u0103m 1804, ch\u1ec9 v\u00e0i tu\u1ea7n sau khi Napoleon l\u00ean ng\u00f4i Ho\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ebf n\u01b0\u1edbc Ph\u00e1p (35t), Beethoven, l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 34t, cho tr\u00ecnh di\u1ec5n Eroica c\u1ee7a minh (Nguy\u1ec5n Du l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u s\u00e1ng t\u00e1c Ki\u1ec1u).<\/p>\n

Beethoven l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t huy\u1ec1n tho\u1ea1i, m\u1ed9t thi\u00ean t\u00e0i \u201cduy t\u00e2m\u201d v\u00e0 c\u00f3 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c \u201cxu\u1ea5t qu\u1ef7 nh\u1eadp th\u1ea7n\u201d. \u00c2m nh\u1ea1c c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng l\u00e0 \u201ckh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua c\u1ee7a \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c c\u1ed5 \u0111i\u1ec3n\u201d. Cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi \u00f4ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u1ea5m g\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ea5n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1ec1 con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u201cxuy\u00ean m\u00e0n \u0111\u00eam \u0111\u1ebfn \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng\u201d (Malte Korff). \u00d4ng s\u00e1ng t\u00e1c nh\u1ea1c cho m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i m\u1edbi. \u00c2m nh\u1ea1c c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi khu\u00f4n m\u1eabu c\u1ee7a Haydn v\u00e0 Mozart. \u00d4ng ch\u1ecbu nhi\u1ec1u \u0111au kh\u1ed5, s\u1ed1ng c\u00f4 \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ec1 t\u00ecnh c\u1ea3m, nh\u01b0ng cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec9nh cao vinh quang v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 b\u1ea5t t\u1eed. \u00d4ng lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n s\u1ed1ng trong lo l\u1eafng t\u00fang thi\u1ebfu, ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ea1y theo c\u00e1c m\u1ea1nh th\u01b0\u1eddng qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ec3 lo c\u00f3 ti\u1ec1n, b\u1ea5t h\u1ea1nh v\u00f4 t\u1eadn trong s\u1ef1 theo \u0111u\u1ed5i ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef, \u0111au kh\u1ed5 v\u00f4 ng\u1ea7n v\u1edbi b\u1ec7nh \u0111i\u1ebfc khi\u1ebfn \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 l\u1ea7n vi\u1ebft ch\u00fac th\u01b0 \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 t\u1eed l\u00fac 32 tu\u1ed5i; kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean v\u1edbi c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecdc b\u1ea3n th\u1ea3o. \u00d4ng c\u00f3 t\u00ecnh y\u00eau thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean v\u00e0 v\u00f9ng qu\u00ea, t\u1ea1o ni\u1ec1m c\u1ea3m h\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng l\u00ean c\u00e1 t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng.<\/p>\n

Beethoven l\u00e0 \u201cm\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng (c\u00f4 \u0111\u01a1n) kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 trong \u00e2m nh\u1ea1c m\u00e0 c\u00f2n, v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng k\u00e9m ph\u1ea7n quan tr\u1ecdng , trong t\u01b0 duy ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh\u201d m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 \u00e1p b\u1ee9c trong th\u1eddi h\u1eadu-Napoleon, nh\u01b0 nh\u00e0 vi\u1ebft ti\u1ec3u s\u1eed John Clubbe vi\u1ebft.<\/p>\n

B\u1ea3n giao h\u01b0\u1edfng s\u1ed1 9, b\u1ea3n cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, c\u00f3 t\u00ean Ode an die Freude<\/em> c\u1ee7a b\u00e0i th\u01a1 c\u1ee7a Schiller, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Beethoven s\u00e1ng t\u00e1c n\u0103m 1820 l\u00fac \u00f4ng g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n \u0111i\u1ebfc. B\u00e0i giao h\u01b0\u1edfng minh h\u1ecda b\u00e0i th\u01a1, n\u00f3i l\u00ean ni\u00eam vui v\u00e0 t\u00ecnh b\u1ea1n trong m\u1ed9t x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb5ng gi\u1eefa con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, di\u1ec5n t\u1ea3 c\u1ea3m x\u00fac c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng cho s\u1ef1 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng v\u00e0 tinh huynh \u0111\u1ec7. Trong c\u00e1c t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh Beethoven k\u00eau g\u1ecdi \u0111\u1ea5u tranh cho nh\u1eefng l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng cao c\u1ea3: c\u00e1i Thi\u1ec7n, c\u00e1i M\u1ef9, cho T\u1ef1 do v\u00e0 cho m\u1ed9t lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi cao th\u01b0\u1ee3ng. \u00d4ng m\u1ea5t n\u0103m 1827 (l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 Chopin v\u00e0 Schumann 17 tu\u1ed5i, Liszt 16, Wagner v\u00e0 Verdi 14 tu\u1ed5i). H\u01a1n hai m\u01b0\u01a1i ng\u00e0n ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0a \u00f4ng \u0111\u1ebfn n\u01a1i an ngh\u0129 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng. \u00d4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00f4n vinh l\u00e0 \u201cNgh\u1ec7 s\u0129 v\u00e0 Con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, theo ngh\u0129a cao c\u1ea3 nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a n\u00f3\u201d (Grillparzer, nh\u00e0 v\u0103n \u00c1o, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecdc \u0111i\u1ebfu v\u0103n).<\/p>\n

Khi b\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u1eddng Berlin s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5 m\u00f9a thu n\u0103m 1989, nh\u1ea1c tr\u01b0\u1edfng M\u1ef9 Leonard Bernstein \u0111\u00e3 th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp m\u1ed9t d\u00e0n nh\u1ea1c g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c c\u01b0 d\u00e2n c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3 hai b\u00ean c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 Berlin t\u1eeb l\u00e2u b\u1ecb chia c\u1eaft \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00ecnh di\u1ec5n giao h\u01b0\u1edfng s\u1ed1 9. Thay v\u00ec ti\u1ebfng k\u00eau c\u1ee7a \u201cFreude!\u201d (Ni\u1ec1m vui!), Bernstein \u0111\u00e3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u d\u00e0n h\u1ee3p x\u01b0\u1edbng th\u00e9t l\u00ean Freiheit!<\/em> (T\u1ef1 do!). Ch\u1eafc h\u1eb3n Beethoven \u0111\u00e3 vui m\u1eebng ch\u1ea5p thu\u1eadn.<\/p>\n

C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t phim r\u1ea5t hay, v\u00e0 r\u1ea5t c\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ed9ng: Copying Beethoven<\/em>. [Xem ph\u1ea7n hay nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a phim \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y: https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=Xkj0TeZeZuo]<\/a><\/p>\n

\u00c2m nh\u1ea1c \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi Beethoven l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t “s\u1ef1 thi\u00ean kh\u1ea3i c\u00f2n cao h\u01a1n t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 minh tri\u1ebft v\u00e0 tri\u1ebft h\u1ecdc”. Kinh qua m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi \u0111au kh\u1ed5, \u00f4ng n\u00f3i: “Ch\u00fang ta l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng con ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1eefu h\u1ea1n v\u1edbi tinh th\u1ea7n v\u00f4 h\u1ea1n”, ch\u1ec9 sinh ra cho nh\u1eefng n\u1ed7i vui, bu\u1ed3n, v\u00e0 h\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 “nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt nh\u1ea5t nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ni\u1ec1m vui c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd th\u00f4ng qua \u0111au kh\u1ed5.”<\/p>\n

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Ludwig van Beethoven (1770-1827)<\/p>\n

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Ch\u1eef k\u00fd c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng<\/p>\n

\u00d4ng m\u1ea5t t\u1ea1i Vienne, \u00c1o, h\u01b0\u1edfng th\u1ecd 56t:<\/p>\n

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\u0110\u00e1m tang Beethoven \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c minh h\u1ecda b\u1edfi Franz Xavier St\u00f6ber<\/p>\n

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\u00c2m nh\u1ea1c s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt<\/span> l\u00e0 trung gian gi\u1eefa \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng tinh th\u1ea7n v\u00e0 c\u1ea3m th\u1ee5.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

(Musik ist in der Tat der Mittler zwischen dem spirituellen und dem sinnlichen Leben)<\/span><\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
Ludwig van Beethoven<\/span><\/strong><\/div>\n<\/blockquote>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
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T\u1ea1i th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 Bonn c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t b\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng t\u1ea1i qu\u00e3ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng M\u00fcnsterplatz:<\/p>\n

\u00a0 \"\"<\/p>\n

T\u00f4i l\u00fac m\u1edbi qua s\u1ed1ng m\u1ed9t n\u0103m \u1edf Bonn, l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 th\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4 c\u1ee7a T\u00e2y \u0110\u1ee9c, th\u1ec9nh tho\u1ea3ng t\u00f4i c\u00f3 ra \u0111\u00e2y. Ch\u1ed7 n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng cho nh\u1eefng cu\u1ed9c bi\u1ec3u t\u00ecnh (trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 bi\u1ec3u t\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi VN trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m chi\u1ebfn tranh), hay tranh c\u1eed. Nh\u00e0 kinh t\u1ebf th\u1eddi h\u1eadu chi\u1ebfn Ludwig Erhard, “cha \u0111\u1ebb” c\u1ee7a n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng, t\u1eebng di\u1ec5n thuy\u1ebft \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y.<\/p>\n

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T\u01b0\u1ee3ng Beethoven t\u1ea1i Vienna<\/p>\n

V\u1ec1 ti\u1ec3u s\u1eed, xin xem th\u00eam wikipedia ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t: https:\/\/vi.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ludwig_van_Beethoven#Gia_%C4%91%C3%ACnh<\/a><\/p>\n

Ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 quen thu\u1ed9c v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u b\u1ea3n nh\u1ea1c n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng c\u1ee7a Beethoven nh\u01b0 F\u00fcr Elise, Moonlight sonata… C\u00f2n \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 b\u1ea3n Path\u00e9thique<\/em>, sonata s\u1ed1 8, Op. 13 c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng:<\/p>\n

https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=SrcOcKYQX3c<\/a><\/p>\n

V\u00e0 \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i \u201cth\u00f4i th\u00fac gi\u00f4ng b\u1ea3o\u201d nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a Beethoven, Appassionata<\/em> (=Passionate<\/em>, s\u00f4i n\u1ed5i, thi\u1ebft tha) Piano Sonata<\/em> No 23 in F minor Op 57 Ph\u1ea7n 1 v\u00e0 2 do n\u1eef ngh\u1ec7 s\u1ef9 \u00c1o sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1ea1i Nga Anastasia Huppmann tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y:<\/p>\n

https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=U2f_mNh8Olk<\/a><\/p>\n

Nghe b\u1ea3n nh\u1ea1c n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng li\u00ean t\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn ti\u1ebfng \u0111\u00e0n c\u1ee7a n\u00e0ng Ki\u1ec1u c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec5n Du qua m\u1ea5y c\u00e2u th\u01a1:<\/p>\n

Trong nh\u01b0 ti\u1ebfng h\u1ea1c bay qua<\/em><\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ee5c nh\u01b0 n\u01b0\u1edbc su\u1ed1i m\u1edbi sa n\u1eeda v\u1eddi<\/em><\/p>\n

Ti\u1ebfng khoan nh\u01b0 gi\u00f3 tho\u1ea3ng ngo\u00e0i<\/em><\/p>\n

Ti\u1ebfng mau s\u1ea7m s\u1eadp nh\u01b0 tr\u1eddi \u0111\u1ed5 m\u01b0a<\/em><\/p>\n

L\u00e0m sao \u0111\u1ec3 2020 c\u00f3 t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m l\u1edbn ti\u1ec3u s\u1eed v\u1ec1 \u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t Nam k\u1ef7 ni\u1ec7m, s\u1ebd r\u1ea5t c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 “m\u1ec7nh l\u1ec7nh” c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta.<\/p>\n

(H\u1eb9n l\u1ea7n t\u1edbi s\u1ebd chi ti\u1ebft h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1eddi \u00f4ng)<\/p>\n

Xem th\u00eam<\/em>:<\/span><\/p>\n

L\u00e1 th\u01b0 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a W. A. Mozart g\u1eedi cha<\/a><\/em><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

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Nguy\u1ec5n Xu\u00e2n Xanh<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0ng\u00e0y 16\/12\/2019, v\u00e0 c\u00f3 b\u1ed5 sung sau \u0111\u00f3<\/p>\n

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 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

LUDWIG VAN BEETHOVEN S\u1eaeP 250 TU\u1ed4I Nguy\u1ec5n Xu\u00e2n Xanh (Vi\u1ebft ng\u00e0y 16\/12\/2019) “Ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc m\u1edbi n\u00e2ng con ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00ean t\u1ea7m c\u1ee7a Ch\u00faa“ \u00a0Ludwig van Beethoven. T\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng nguy\u1ec1n r\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea5ng s\u00e1ng th\u1ebf (Creator) v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i. [\u2026] N\u1ebfu th\u1eadt s\u1ef1 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3, t\u00f4i s\u1ebd l\u00e0m m\u1ed9t<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_mi_skip_tracking":false,"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/nguyenxuanxanh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3519"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/nguyenxuanxanh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/nguyenxuanxanh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/nguyenxuanxanh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/nguyenxuanxanh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3519"}],"version-history":[{"count":17,"href":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/nguyenxuanxanh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3519\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":9453,"href":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/nguyenxuanxanh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3519\/revisions\/9453"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/nguyenxuanxanh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3519"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/nguyenxuanxanh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3519"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/nguyenxuanxanh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3519"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}