1<\/a> T\u00f4i h\u1ee9a v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 kh\u00f4ng g\u00ec m\u1edbi c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n, kh\u00f4ng \u201cs\u1eafc c\u1ea1nh\u201d; c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 t\u00f4i mu\u1ed1n b\u00e1o tr\u01b0\u1edbc, r\u1eb1ng nhi\u1ec1u \u0111i\u1ec1u v\u1eabn kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, hay ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u1ea9n d\u1ee5 th\u00f4i. L\u00fd do \u0111\u00e3 r\u00f5. Ch\u00fang ta t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng, t\u1eeb 1843 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i, r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebfn m\u1ea5t\u2026Nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i li\u00ean h\u1ec7 r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c gi\u1eefa H\u00f4m nay v\u00e0 H\u1ed3i \u1ea5y \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ee9t \u0111o\u1ea1n; nhi\u1ec1u con ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1eabn c\u00f2n s\u1ed1ng trong ch\u00fang ta \u2013 v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ec9 h\u1ecd m\u1edbi s\u1ed1ng s\u00f3t. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt, s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt t\u1ec9nh t\u00e1o v\u00e0 to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n, v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 thu\u1ed9c h\u1eb3n v\u1ec1 qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9. T\u00f4i mu\u1ed1n gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n m\u00ecnh v\u00e0o v\u00e0i \u0111o\u1ea3n kh\u00fac (Fragmente), v\u00e0i ch\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u1ebb t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng h\u1ed3i \u1ee9c c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i; t\u00f4i hy v\u1ecdng, m\u1ed1i li\u00ean h\u1ec7 n\u1ed9i t\u1ea1i gi\u1eefa ch\u00fang s\u1ebd r\u00f5 ra; t\u00f4i t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i ngay t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u m\u1ed9t m\u1ed9t m\u1ed1i li\u00ean h\u1ec7 h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c, m\u1ed9t ni\u00ean bi\u1ec3u trong nh\u1eefng tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i. Tuy nhi\u00ean t\u00f4i c\u0169ng th\u1ea5y vi\u1ec7c b\u00e1o tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n t\u00f4i v\u00e0 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ebfn xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i l\u00e0 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft.<\/p>\nKhi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p xong \u1edf Khoa tri\u1ebft c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc St. Petersburg v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1837, t\u00f4i \u0111i Berlin v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea7u n\u0103m 1838 \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c vi\u1ec7c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u. L\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 t\u00f4i ch\u1ec9 m\u1edbi m\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u00edn tu\u1ed5i; t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 m\u01a1 chuy\u1ebfn \u0111i n\u00e0y t\u1eeb l\u00e2u. H\u1ed3i \u0111\u00f3 t\u00f4i s\u1ed1ng trong ni\u1ec1m tin, \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc Nga ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thu th\u1eadp v\u00e0i ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c s\u01a1 \u0111\u1eb3ng, ngu\u1ed3n tri th\u1ee9c \u0111\u00edch th\u1ef1c ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i n\u1eb1m \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i. Trong s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Petersburg c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng n\u0103m \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 v\u1ecb n\u00e0o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m lay chuy\u1ec3n t\u00f4i trong ni\u1ec1m tin n\u00e0y; m\u00e0 ch\u00ednh h\u1ecd c\u0169ng th\u1ea5m nhu\u1ea7n ni\u1ec1m tin \u1ea5y; ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta c\u0169ng chia s\u1ebb n\u00f3 trong B\u1ed9, c\u01a1 quan \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o b\u1edfi B\u00e1 t\u01b0\u1edbc Uwarow, l\u00e0 n\u01a1i t\u00e0i tr\u1ee3 cho vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c sinh vi\u00ean tr\u1ebb t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc \u0110\u1ee9c. T\u1ea1i Berlin (n\u01a1i t\u00f4i \u0111\u1ebfn hai l\u1ea7n) t\u00f4i \u1edf t\u1ed5ng c\u1ed9ng tr\u00f2n hai n\u0103m.Trong nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi Nga theo nghe c\u00e1c b\u00e0i gi\u1ea3ng t\u1ea1i \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc, t\u00f4i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u1ec3 trong l\u1ea7n \u1edf th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i: N. Stankewitsch, Granowski, Frolow, trong l\u1ea7n \u1edf th\u1ee9 hai: M. Bakunin, ng\u01b0\u1eddi sau n\u00e0y n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng. T\u00f4i \u0111\u0103ng k\u00fd theo h\u1ecdc tri\u1ebft h\u1ecdc, c\u1ed5 ng\u1eef c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, v\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u Hegel v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 h\u0103ng sai \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t d\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ef1 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 Werder. \u0110\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9ng minh n\u1ec1n gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c thi\u1ebfu h\u1ee5t tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y \u1edf c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i, t\u00f4i mu\u1ed1n k\u1ec3 t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng sau \u0111\u00e2y: T\u00f4i nghe gi\u1ea3ng t\u1ea1i Berlin C\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i Latin v\u1edbi Gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 Zumpt v\u00e0 L\u1ecbch s\u1eed v\u0103n h\u1ecdc Hy L\u1ea1p v\u1edbi Gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 B\u00f6ck, v\u00e0 \u1edf nh\u00e0 t\u00f4i ph\u1ea3i h\u1ecdc nh\u01b0 v\u1eb9t v\u0103n ph\u1ea1m latin v\u00e0 hy l\u1ea1p, b\u1edfi v\u00ec t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng n\u1eafm v\u1eefng nh\u1eefng th\u1ee9 n\u00e0y, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng th\u00ed sinh t\u1ed3i nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n
S\u1ef1 khao kh\u00e1t \u0111i ra n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u1ebb, c\u00f9ng l\u1ee9a tu\u1ed5i t\u00f4i, nh\u1eafc l\u1ea1i t\u00f4i r\u1eb1ng, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi Slawe ng\u00e0y x\u01b0a \u0111\u00e3 \u0111i t\u00ecm th\u1ebf n\u00e0o c\u00e1c v\u1ecb l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o b\u1ed9 t\u1ed9c m\u00ecnh t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi Variag\u01a1 c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t l\u1ea1. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u1ec1u \u00fd th\u1ee9c r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc<\/em> ch\u00fang t\u00f4i to l\u1edbn v\u00e0 gi\u00e0u c\u00f3, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 tr\u1eadt t\u1ef1 ng\u1ef1 tr\u1ecb trong \u0111\u00f3. T\u00f4i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i t\u1eeb b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n t\u00f4i, r\u1eb1ng t\u00f4i nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng b\u1ea5t l\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 ng\u0103n c\u00e1ch nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf kh\u1ecfi qu\u00ea h\u01b0\u01a1ng, m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 c\u1eaft \u0111\u1ee9t \u0111\u1ed9t ng\u1ed9t nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng s\u1ee3i ch\u1ec9 v\u00e0 m\u1ed1i li\u00ean h\u1ec7 r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c t\u00f4i v\u1edbi c\u00e1ch s\u1ed1ng kia m\u00e0 \u1edf \u0111\u00f3 t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 l\u1edbn l\u00ean\u2026Nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. C\u00e1ch s\u1ed1ng kia, ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh xung quanh v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng, n\u1ebfu t\u00f4i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p n\u00f3i, m\u00e0 t\u00f4i thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o, m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ee7 v\u00e0 c\u1ee7a ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00f4ng n\u00f4 \u2013 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 n\u00edu gi\u1eef t\u00f4i l\u1ea1i. Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i: h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec t\u00f4i nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y xung quanh \u0111\u1ec1u g\u00e2y ra m\u1ed9t c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 r\u1ed1i r\u1eafm v\u00e0 b\u1ea5t m\u00e3n, v\u00e0 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng kinh t\u1edfm. T\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p ch\u1ea7n ch\u1eeb. Ho\u1eb7c t\u00f4i ph\u1ea3i kh\u00e9p m\u00ecnh v\u00e0o, v\u00e0 \u0111i v\u00e0o c\u00f9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ray m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch th\u1ee7 ph\u1eadn nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c, tr\u00ean con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb gi\u1eabm n\u00e1t, ho\u1eb7c t\u00f4i ph\u1ea3i m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n quay l\u01b0ng \u0111i, v\u1ee9t b\u1ecf t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 v\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3, ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn c\u1ea3 nguy c\u01a1 m\u1ea5t r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1eefng g\u00ec tr\u00e1i tim t\u00f4i y\u00eau qu\u00fd. T\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3\u2026 T\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 lao \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o c\u00e1i \u201cbi\u1ec3n \u0110\u1ee9c\u201d, c\u00e1i \u0111\u1ec3 r\u1eeda s\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 t\u00e1i sinh t\u00f4i, v\u00e0 r\u1ed3i khi tr\u1ed3i l\u00ean kh\u1ecfi nh\u1eefng ng\u1ecdn s\u00f3ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3, t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t \u201cng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y\u201d, v\u00e0 t\u00f4i v\u1eabn nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf m\u00e3i m\u00e3i.<\/p>\nT\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng ngh\u0129 \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c k\u1ebft \u00e1n nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f9ng l\u1ee9a tu\u1ed5i t\u00f4i, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00e1c, \u00edt \u0111\u1ed9t ng\u1ed9t h\u01a1n, \u0111i t\u00ecm T\u1ef1 do, Nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c, nh\u1eefng th\u1ee9 m\u00e0 t\u00f4i khao kh\u00e1t\u2026 T\u00f4i ch\u1ec9 mu\u1ed1n c\u1eaft ngh\u0129a r\u1eb1ng, t\u00f4i <\/em>kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e0o kh\u00e1c. V\u00ec t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 s\u1ed1ng v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng c\u00e1i g\u00ec m\u00e0 t\u00f4i khinh gh\u00e9t; c\u00f3 l\u1ebd t\u00f4i thi\u1ebfu s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec1m ch\u1ebf c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft, v\u00e0 c\u00e1 t\u00ednh m\u1ea1nh. T\u00f4i ph\u1ea3i tr\u00e1nh xa kh\u1ecfi k\u1ebb th\u00f9 c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i, ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1eeb kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch n\u00e0y t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng n\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch d\u1eef d\u1ed9i h\u01a1n. D\u01b0\u1edbi m\u1eaft t\u00f4i, k\u1ebb th\u00f9 n\u00e0y c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh, v\u00e0 n\u00f3 mang m\u1ed9t t\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft: K\u1ebb th\u00f9 n\u00e0y l\u00e0 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00f4ng n\u00f4. D\u01b0\u1edbi c\u00e1i t\u00ean n\u00e0y, t\u00f4i t\u00f3m g\u1ecdn l\u1ea1i t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec t\u00f4i ki\u00ean quy\u1ebft chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00f9ng. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u1eddi th\u1ec1 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed9i tr\u1eddi chung c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i\u2026V\u00e0 t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi duy nh\u1ea5t l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 th\u1ec1 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf. \u0110\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n l\u1eddi th\u1ec1 t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t, t\u00f4i \u0111i v\u1ec1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y. V\u00e0 t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng tin r\u1eb1ng \u201ct\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t T\u00e2y ph\u01b0\u01a1ng\u201d c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 c\u01b0\u1edbp \u0111i m\u1ecdi c\u1ea3m x\u00fac v\u1ec1 cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc Nga, m\u1ecdi s\u1ef1 c\u1ea3m th\u00f4ng cho nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eb7c th\u00f9 v\u00e0 ngh\u00e8o kh\u00f3. \u201cNh\u1eefng ghi ch\u00e9p c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i s\u0103n\u201d, c\u00e1c ph\u00e1c th\u1ea3o n\u00e0y th\u1eddi tr\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0 m\u1edbi m\u1ebb, nh\u01b0ng gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u00e3 l\u1ed7i th\u1eddi, t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 vi\u1ebft \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i, m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft trong nh\u1eefng gi\u1edd ph\u00fat n\u1eb7ng n\u1ec1 c\u1ee7a \u01b0u t\u01b0, r\u1eb1ng t\u00f4i c\u00f3 n\u00ean tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 qu\u00ea h\u01b0\u01a1ng hay l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u00e1c l\u1ea1i r\u1eb1ng ch\u00fat tinh th\u1ea7n Nga \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1eef l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i v\u00ec t\u1eeb c\u00e1c ni\u1ec1m tin ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y, nh\u01b0ng m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 th\u1ebf, v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i \u00fd mu\u1ed1n c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i. Th\u1eadt l\u00e0 kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n tranh c\u00e3i v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3; t\u00f4i ch\u1ec9 bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng t\u00f4i ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng vi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u201cNh\u1eefng ghi ch\u00e9p c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i s\u0103n\u201d n\u1ebfu t\u00f4i \u1edf l\u1ea1i n\u01b0\u1edbc Nga. T\u00f4i n\u00f3i th\u00eam r\u1eb1ng t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e2n th\u1ee7y r\u00e0nh r\u1ecdt m\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi y\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc lo l\u1eafng v\u00e0 c\u1ea3 qu\u00e1 h\u0103ng sai nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft l\u1ea1i r\u1ea5t mu\u1ed1n gi\u0103ng ra gi\u1eefa n\u01b0\u1edbc Nga v\u00e0 T\u00e2y \u00c2u, m\u1ed9t T\u00e2y \u00c2u m\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc Nga \u0111\u00e3 g\u1eafn b\u00f3 r\u1ea5t ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd b\u1eb1ng ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c, ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef v\u00e0 t\u00edn ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng. Ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ee7ng t\u1ed9c slawe \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m th\u00e0nh \u2013 trong m\u1eaft c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef v\u0103n v\u00e0 d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c h\u1ecdc – m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng nh\u00e1nh quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a d\u00f2ng \u1ea4n-\u00c2u hay sao? V\u00e0 khi kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ch\u1ed1i b\u1ecf \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a Hy L\u1ea1p l\u00ean Roma v\u00e0 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3 hai l\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi german-roma th\u00ec v\u1edbi l\u00fd do g\u00ec lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi v\u1eabn lu\u00f4n b\u00e0 con v\u00e0 c\u00f9ng lo\u00e0i n\u00e0y l\u00ean ch\u00fang ta? Ch\u00fang ta \u00edt t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp v\u00e0 y\u1ebfu \u0111u\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ebfn n\u1ed5i ch\u00fang ta s\u1ee3 h\u00e3i m\u1ed7i \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i v\u00e0 ch\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ee1 n\u00f3 v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 kinh s\u1ee3 con n\u00edt, b\u1edfi v\u00ec n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m h\u01b0 h\u1ecfng ch\u00fang ta ch\u0103ng? T\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng ngh\u0129 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i t\u00f4i tin r\u1eb1ng D\u00e2n t\u1ed9c Nga ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd m\u00e3i m\u00e3i gi\u1eef m\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho d\u00f9 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta c\u00f3 \u201ct\u1eafm ch\u00fang ta v\u1edbi b\u1ea3y n\u01b0\u1edbc\u201d. N\u1ebfu ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i th\u00ec th\u00f4i, ch\u00fang ta l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u00e0m sao! T\u00f4i n\u00f3i \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 t\u1eeb kinh nghi\u1ec7m b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n, b\u1edfi v\u00ec s\u1ef1 k\u00ednh ph\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc m\u00e0 cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00f4ng ng\u0103n c\u1ea3n t\u00f4i c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 trong s\u00e1ng c\u1ee7a ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef Nga c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch r\u00f5 n\u00e9t, v\u00e0 g\u00ecn gi\u1eef n\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ganh t\u1ecb. Nh\u1eefng ph\u00ea ph\u00e1n \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc Nga, v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng tr\u00e1ch c\u1ee9 nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i kh\u00e1c nhau ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i t\u00f4i, theo t\u00f4i nh\u1edb l\u1ea1i, \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n n\u00e0o bu\u1ed9c t\u1ed9i t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 b\u00f3p m\u00e9o \u0111i ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef, hay ng\u1ee5y t\u1ea1o, hay b\u1eaft ch\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ed9t ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef ngo\u1ea1i lai kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\nNh\u01b0ng th\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ee7; t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ee7 v\u1ec1 c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n t\u00f4i, gi\u1edd t\u00f4i mu\u1ed1n n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd th\u00fa v\u1ecb h\u01a1n cho cho b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ecdc v\u00e0 cho c\u1ea3 t\u00f4i. T\u00f4i xin ph\u00e9p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng, c\u00e1c \u0111o\u1ea3n kh\u00fac t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng k\u00fd \u1ee9c c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i m\u00e0 t\u00f4i tr\u00ecnh cho \u0111\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1n x\u00e9t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1ebfp theo th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 ni\u00ean bi\u1ec3u, v\u00e0 r\u1eb1ng \u0111o\u1ea3n kh\u00fac th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t trong \u0111\u00f3 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn giai \u0111o\u1ea1n tr\u01b0\u1edbc 1843.<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
Nguy\u1ec5n Xu\u00e2n Xanh chuy\u1ec3n ng\u1eef<\/p>\n
t\u1eeb ti\u1ebfng \u0110\u1ee9c. 25\/11\/2009<\/p>\n
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1<\/a> \u201cS\u1ef1 v\u0129nh c\u1eedu l\u00e0 v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng t\u1eadn\u201d (Tacitus). C\u00f3 l\u1ebd t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 mu\u1ed1n n\u00f3i kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 n\u00e0o n\u00f3i h\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng g\u00ec c\u00f3 t\u00ednh c\u00e1ch v\u0129nh c\u1eedu to l\u1edbn, n\u00ean t\u1ea1m gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n n\u00f3i m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n nh\u1ecf th\u00f4i.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"THAY M\u1ed8T L\u1edcI T\u1ef0A IWAN TURGENEV Nguy\u1ec5n Xu\u00e2n Xanh chuy\u1ec3n ng\u1eef Ch\u00fang ta \u00edt t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp v\u00e0 y\u1ebfu \u0111u\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ebfn n\u1ed5i ch\u00fang ta s\u1ee3 h\u00e3i m\u1ed7i \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i v\u00e0 ch\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ee1 n\u00f3 v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 kinh s\u1ee3 con n\u00edt, b\u1edfi v\u00ec n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m h\u01b0 h\u1ecfng ch\u00fang ta ch\u0103ng? D\u01b0\u1edbi m\u1eaft<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_mi_skip_tracking":false,"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/nguyenxuanxanh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5656"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/nguyenxuanxanh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/nguyenxuanxanh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/nguyenxuanxanh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/nguyenxuanxanh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5656"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/nguyenxuanxanh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5656\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7376,"href":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/nguyenxuanxanh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5656\/revisions\/7376"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/nguyenxuanxanh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5656"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/nguyenxuanxanh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5656"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/nguyenxuanxanh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5656"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}
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