V\u00c0 90 N\u0102M TH\u0102M \u0110\u00c0I THI\u00caN V\u0102N MOUNT WILSON L\u1ecaCH S\u1eec<\/span><\/p>\n Nguy\u1ec5n Xu\u00e2n Xanh<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n <\/p>\n <\/p>\n <\/p>\n 100 N\u0102M TR\u01af\u1edaC, khi chi\u1ebfc t\u00e0u Rotterdam<\/em> c\u1eadp b\u1ebfn c\u1ea3ng New York ch\u1ee7 nh\u1eadt ng\u00e0y 2. 4. 1921, Einstein l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean<\/em> \u0111\u1eb7t ch\u00e2n l\u00ean n\u01b0\u1edbc M\u1ef9, trong m\u1ed9t chuy\u1ebfn \u0111i th\u0103m k\u00e9o d\u00e0i g\u1ea7n 2 th\u00e1ng. Th\u1eddi gian th\u1ea5m tho\u1eaft. Chuy\u1ebfn \u0111i n\u00e0y, chuy\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng ra kh\u1ecfi ph\u1ea1m vi ch\u00e2u \u00c2u, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 th\u00fa v\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u00f4ng, \u0111\u1ec3 r\u1ed3i m\u1ed9t th\u1eadp k\u1ef7 sau, \u00f4ng ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i th\u00eam 3 l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1930-1931, 1931-1932, v\u00e0 1932-1933, tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u00f4ng \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u01b0 v\u0129nh vi\u1ec5n t\u1ea1i Hoa K\u1ef3. Einstein \u0111\u00e3 n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc M\u1ef9 t\u1eeb th\u00e1ng 11 n\u0103m 1919, khi \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1ec7ch \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng \u00f4ng ti\u00ean \u0111o\u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111o\u00e0n th\u00e1m hi\u1ec3m Anh x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn. B\u00e1o NYT t\u1eebng tung tin “gi\u1eadt g\u00e2n” nh\u1ea5t: “Einstein \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1 h\u1ee7y kh\u00f4ng gian v\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian”. Nh\u01b0ng s\u1ef1 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n b\u1eb1ng x\u01b0\u01a1ng b\u1eb1ng th\u1ecbt c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi h\u1ecd l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t sensation. Einstein l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 m\u1edbi 42 tu\u1ed5i.<\/p>\n N\u0103m 2021 c\u00f2n \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u 100 n\u0103m Einstein \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trao t\u1eb7ng Gi\u1ea3i Nobel, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 m\u1ed9t n\u0103m sau, 1922, khi \u00f4ng tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng th\u0103m Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n. Einstein \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 cao n\u1eefa gi\u1ea3i n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u00f4ng. V\u00ec, gi\u1ea3i Nobel \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trao cho c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh quang \u0111i\u1ec7n trong khi thuy\u1ebft t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i, t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m trung t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng, th\u00ec l\u1ea1i b\u1ecb l\u1edd \u0111i, m\u1eb7c cho c\u1ea3 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi hoan h\u00f4 \u00f4ng.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Xem th\u00eam<\/span><\/p>\n \u2014\u00a0Albert Einstein th\u0103m Singapore 100 n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc (1922-2022)<\/a><\/em><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n \u2014\u00a0<\/strong>100 n\u0103m \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng b\u1ecb l\u1ec7ch tr\u00ean tr\u1eddi (1919-2019)<\/strong><\/span><\/i><\/a><\/p>\n <\/p>\n Einstein v\u00e0 v\u1ee3 c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o ph\u1ee5c qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ebfn New York tr\u00ean t\u00e0u Rotterdam. <\/em>Chaim Weizmann, nh\u00e0 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o Phong tr\u00e0o ph\u1ee5c qu\u1ed1c th\u1ee9 hai t\u1eeb tr\u00e1i sang, c\u0169ng l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c chuy\u1ebfn \u0111i n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 quy\u00ean ti\u1ec1n \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Hebrew. (FPG \/ Archive Photos \/ Getty Images)<\/p>\n Kh\u00f4ng ai ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng, nh\u1eefng chuy\u1ebfn th\u0103m n\u00e0y \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 \u201cb\u00e1o b\u00e3o\u201d cho m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ecba ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb<\/em>: Kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng Einstein – “\u0110\u1ee9c gi\u00e1o ho\u00e0ng v\u1eadt l\u00fd” nh\u01b0 Langevin t\u1eebng v\u00ed, hay “\u0111\u1ee9a con” c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a nh\u00e2n v\u0103n v\u00e0 n\u1ec1n khoa h\u1ecdc ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n cao \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a ch\u00e2u \u00c2u\u00a0– s\u1ebd v\u0129nh vi\u1ec5n gi\u00e3 t\u1eeb ch\u00e2u \u00c2u gi\u00e0 c\u1ed7i chinh chi\u1ebfn su\u1ed1t c\u00e1c th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 v\u00e0 t\u00e0n ph\u00e1 nhau \u0111\u1ebfn ki\u1ec7t qu\u1ec7 \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 ngao ng\u00e1n, m\u00e0 c\u1ea3 trung t\u00e2m h\u1ecdc thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc l\u00e2u \u0111\u1eddi nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a ch\u00e2u \u00c2u c\u0169ng s\u1ebd chuy\u1ec3n tr\u1ecdng t\u00e2m t\u1eeb X\u1ee9 s\u1edf bu\u1ed5i chi\u1ec1u sang T\u00e2n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. Max Planck t\u1eebng v\u00ed Einstein nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t Columbus trong khoa h\u1ecdc. Th\u00ec gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e2y, v\u1ecb Columbus kh\u1ea3 k\u00ednh\u00a0\u0111\u00f3 \u0111ang \u0111\u1ee9ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc\u00a0n\u01b0\u1edbc M\u1ef9.<\/p>\n Tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u00f4ng c\u0169ng kho\u1ea3ng m\u1ed9t th\u1ebf k\u1ef7, t\u1eebng c\u00f3 h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 t\u1eeb ch\u00e2u \u00c2u Alexis de Tocqueville \u0111\u1eb7t ch\u00e2n \u0111\u1ebfn M\u1ef9 \u2013 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng N\u1ec1n d\u00e2n tr\u1ecb M\u1ef9<\/em>. C\u00f2n Einstein, m\u1ed9t con ng\u01b0\u1eddi r\u1ea5t y\u00eau d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 v\u00e0 t\u1ef1 do, ngh\u0129 g\u00ec v\u1ec1 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb n\u01b0\u1edbc M\u1ef9, v\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc M\u1ef9 ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i ngh\u0129 g\u00ec v\u1ec1 Einstein? Th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf cho th\u1ea5y nh\u1eefng nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh sinh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng v\u1ec1 n\u01b0\u1edbc M\u1ef9 c\u0169ng r\u1ea5t gi\u1ed1ng c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn c\u1ee7a Tocqueville. Einstein y\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc M\u1ef9, v\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc M\u1ef9 c\u0169ng y\u00eau Einstein \u2013 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch cu\u1ed3ng nhi\u1ec7t. \u00d4ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n gi\u00e1o gi\u00e0u nhi\u1ec7t t\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a khoa h\u1ecdc, v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea5t M\u1ef9 di s\u1ea3n khoa h\u1ecdc Einstein s\u1ebd c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ea1nh th\u00eam.<\/p>\n C\u0169ng 90 n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc, n\u0103m 1931, Einstein \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ebfn th\u0103m\u00a0\u0110\u00e0i thi\u00ean v\u0103n Mount Wilson \u1edf h\u1ea1t Los Angeles, California, v\u00e0 g\u1eb7p g\u1ee1 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9 nh\u01b0 Michelson, Millikan, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 nh\u00e0 thi\u00ean v\u0103n h\u1ecdc Edwin Hubble, ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1eeba m\u1edbi quan s\u00e1t th\u1ea5y v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 gi\u00e3n n\u1edf, m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ea5y d\u1ea3i Ng\u00e2n h\u00e0 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 thi\u00ean h\u00e0 duy nh\u1ea5t trong v\u0169 tr\u1ee5. \u00d4ng li\u1ec1n d\u1edf b\u1ecf h\u1eb1ng s\u1ed1 lambda, m\u1ed9t h\u1eb1ng s\u1ed1 \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 g\u1eafn v\u00e0o nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1eef cho v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ee9ng y\u00ean.<\/p>\n Ch\u00e2u \u00c2u \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t di s\u1ea3n gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i cho nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i, nh\u01b0ng b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1ng tro t\u00e0n cao nh\u01b0 n\u00fai c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 ng\u1ea1o ngh\u1ec5, m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i gi\u00e1 v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng \u0111\u1eaft l\u00e0m cho l\u1ecbch s\u1eed vu\u1ed9t kh\u1ecfi tay h\u1ecd, trong khi n\u01b0\u1edbc M\u1ef9 non tr\u1ebb ti\u1ebfp thu di s\u1ea3n \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t “s\u1ee9 m\u1ec7nh”. Trung t\u00e2m h\u1ecdc thu\u1eadt th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng ra kh\u1ecfi Hy L\u1ea1p v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c chuy\u1ec3n h\u01b0\u1edbng tr\u1ecdng t\u00e2m.<\/p>\n B\u00e2y gi\u1edd ch\u00fang ta h\u00e3y l\u1ea7n theo g\u00f3t ch\u00e2n c\u1ee7a Einstein.<\/p>\n \u2605\u2605\u2605<\/span><\/p>\n Chuy\u1ebfn \u0111i \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean 1921<\/em>. Ng\u00e0y 2 th\u00e1ng 4, 1921, khi chi\u1ebfc t\u00e0u Rotterdam<\/em> c\u1eadp c\u1ea3ng New York, \u0111\u1ed9i qu\u00e2n ph\u00f3ng vi\u00ean \u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn ngay v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t c\u01a1n gi\u00f4ng \u00e1nh ch\u1edbp, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t tr\u1eadn m\u01b0a c\u00e1c c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi. T\u1edd New York Times<\/em> t\u01b0\u1eddng thu\u1eadt v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a Einstein: \u201cEinstein r\u1ee5t r\u00e8 nh\u00ecn m\u1ed9t \u0111\u00e0n ph\u00f3ng vi\u00ean ch\u1ea1y t\u1edbi. M\u1ed9t tay \u00f4ng c\u1ea7m \u1ed1ng \u0111i\u1ebfu hi\u1ec7u Bruyere b\u00f3ng lo\u00e1ng, tay kia \u00f4m m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfc v\u0129 c\u1ea7m qu\u00fd gi\u00e1.\u201d T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ed5 d\u1ed3n v\u1ec1 c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi: Thuy\u1ebft t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/em>? Ngo\u00e0i ph\u00f3ng vi\u00ean ra c\u00f2n c\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t r\u1eebng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3n \u00f4ng \u1edf b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i. Einstein kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft ti\u1ebfng Anh, ph\u1ea3i nh\u1edd v\u1ee3 Elsa d\u1ecbch l\u1ea1i. Trong c\u01a1n n\u00e1o nhi\u1ec7t Einstein v\u1eabn c\u00f2n c\u1eaft ngh\u0129a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c: \u201cTr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta \u0111\u00e3 tin r\u1eb1ng n\u1ebfu m\u1ecdi v\u1eadt bi\u1ebfn m\u1ea5t kh\u1ecfi th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi th\u00ec v\u1eabn c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng gian v\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian, nh\u01b0ng theo l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i, kh\u00f4ng gian v\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian c\u0169ng s\u1ebd bi\u1ebfn m\u1ea5t theo c\u00f9ng m\u1ecdi v\u1eadt.\u201d<\/p>\n R\u1eddi kh\u1ecfi t\u00e0u, m\u1ed9t r\u1eebng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f2n \u0111\u00f4ng h\u01a1n \u0111ang h\u00f2 reo \u0111ang ch\u1edd \u0111\u1ee3i \u00f4ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c v\u1ecb kh\u00e1ch. M\u1ed9t d\u00f2ng xe h\u01a1i b\u1ea5t t\u1eadn \u0111ang h\u00f2a t\u1ea5u b\u1ea3n nh\u1ea1c c\u00f2i \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u00e0o m\u1eebng. Thay v\u00ec \u0111i ngay \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u00e1ch s\u1ea1n, chi\u1ebfc xe mui tr\u1ea7n ch\u1edf \u00f4ng ch\u1ea1y m\u1ed9t v\u00f2ng qua Manhattan \u0111\u1ebfn Lower East Side. \u201cH\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 tr\u00ean c\u1ea3 \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0n ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3n \u00f4ng tr\u00ean v\u1ec9a h\u00e8\u201d, b\u00e1o New York Times<\/em> vi\u1ebft. D\u00e2n ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0a tay ra \u0111\u1ec3 mong \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea1m v\u00e0o \u00f4ng. Einstein ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n x\u00fac \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 cho\u00e1ng ng\u1ee3p. \u00d4ng ch\u01b0a bao gi\u1edd ch\u1ee9ng ki\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t c\u1ea3nh t\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf.<\/p>\n Einstein \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a \u0111i di\u1ec5u h\u00e0nh trong th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 New York b\u1eb1ng \u0111o\u00e0n xe nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u00f9ng<\/p>\n Ng\u00e0y h\u00f4m sau, 3 th\u00e1ng 4, b\u00e1o The New York Times<\/em> vi\u1ebft:<\/p>\n [\u2026] \u00d4ng \u1ea5y tr\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ngh\u1ec7 s\u0129 – m\u1ed9t nh\u1ea1c s\u0129. V\u00e2ng, ch\u00ednh th\u1ebf.<\/p>\n Nh\u01b0ng d\u01b0\u1edbi m\u1edb t\u00f3c b\u1eddm x\u1eddm l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 \u00f3c khoa h\u1ecdc m\u00e0 nh\u1eefng suy lu\u1eadn \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m chao \u0111\u1ea3o nh\u1eefng tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 xu\u1ea5t s\u1eafc nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a ch\u00e2u \u00c2u. M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a anh \u1ea5y \u0111\u00e3 mi\u00eau t\u1ea3 anh \u1ea5y nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ‘nh\u00e0 v\u1eadt l\u00fd tr\u1ef1c quan’, ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 tr\u00ed t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng suy \u0111o\u00e1n r\u1ea5t r\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c quy lu\u1eadt t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi t\u1eeb r\u1ea5t l\u00e2u tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c l\u00fd lu\u1eadn n\u1eafm b\u1eaft v\u00e0 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u00fang.<\/p>\n Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e0n \u00f4ng \u1ea5y l\u00e0 Ti\u1ebfn s\u0129 Albert Einstein, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1 x\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1ee7a thuy\u1ebft t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i \u0111\u00e3 mang l\u1ea1i cho th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi m\u1ed9t quan ni\u1ec7m m\u1edbi v\u1ec1 kh\u00f4ng gian, th\u1eddi gian v\u00e0 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a v\u0169 tr\u1ee5.<\/p>\n S\u1ef1 t\u00f2 m\u00f2 v\u00e0 m\u1ed1i quan t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi thuy\u1ebft t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u00e0 \u00fd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ea1i bi\u1ec3u J.J. Kindred c\u1ee7a New York y\u00eau c\u1ea7u Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ea1 vi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o B\u00e1o c\u00e1o c\u1ee7a Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u c\u00f3 t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ea1i ch\u00fang v\u1ec1 thuy\u1ebft t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i.<\/p>\n Einstein v\u00e0 v\u1ee3 tr\u00ean t\u00e0u Rotterdam<\/em> l\u00fac c\u1eadp b\u1ebfn New York.<\/p>\n (Library of Congress, courtesy AIP Emilio Segr\u00e8 Visual Archives.)<\/p>\n Ng\u00e0y 8. 4 t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t h\u1ed9i tr\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1ed3m 8.000 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea7y ngh\u1eb9t trong m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00e0i tr\u1ee3 cho vi\u1ec7c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc Israel, \u00f4ng c\u00f3 b\u00e0i \u201cdi\u1ec5n v\u0103n\u201d ng\u1eafn nh\u1ea5t ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 m\u1ea5y c\u00e2u: \u201cNh\u00e0 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n, Ti\u1ebfn s\u0129 Weizmann, \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i r\u1ed3i, v\u00e0 \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i r\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eb9p cho t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u00fang ta. H\u00e3y l\u00e0m theo \u00f4ng \u1ea5y, c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed1t l\u00e0nh. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec t\u00f4i mu\u1ed1n n\u00f3i.\u201d[1]<\/a> V\u1eady m\u00e0 ti\u1ebfng v\u1ed7 tay v\u00e0 hoan h\u00f4 nh\u01b0 s\u1ea5m v\u00e0 cu\u1ed3ng nhi\u1ec7t kh\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n d\u1ee9t. \u00d4ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u1ed5i t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a l\u1eddi n\u00f3i \u00f4ng l\u00ean \u0111\u00e1m \u0111\u00f4ng. Adolph Ochs, ch\u1ee7 t\u1edd b\u00e1o \u201cNew York Times\u201d cho r\u1eb1ng, m\u1ed1i quan t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a qu\u1ea7n ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ebfn con ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ee7a Einstein l\u00e0 \u201cc\u00f3 t\u00ednh b\u1ec7nh l\u00fd-t\u00e2m l\u00fd h\u1ecdc\u201d. Einstein, c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t \u0111o\u00e0n \u0111\u1ea1i bi\u1ec3u c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7n h\u00e0n l\u00e2m qu\u1ed1c gia khoa h\u1ecdc M\u1ef9, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng M\u1ef9 Harding ti\u1ebfp t\u1ea1i Nh\u00e0 tr\u1eafng, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 bu\u1ed5i g\u1eb7p nhau tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh bu\u1ed5i \u201ctr\u00ecnh di\u1ec5n Panthomine\u201d (k\u1ecbch c\u00e2m) vui v\u1ebb v\u1edbi nhau, nh\u01b0 b\u00e0 Elsa k\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i, v\u00ec c\u1ea3 hai b\u00ean kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 chung ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef.<\/p>\n Xem \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 t\u1ea5m \u1ea3nh d\u1ea1ng paranoma \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y<\/p> click \u0111\u1ec3 thu g\u1ecdn ph\u1ea7n ti\u1ec3u s\u1eed \u1edf tr\u00ean<\/p><\/div><\/div>\n \u1ea2nh ch\u1ee5p chung Einstein, Elsa, T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng Harding (\u1edf gi\u1eefa) v\u00e0 H\u00e0n l\u00e2m vi\u1ec7n khoa h\u1ecdc<\/p>\n qu\u1ed1c gia Hoa K\u1ef3 t\u1ea1i Nh\u00e0 Tr\u1eafng, 1921.<\/p>\n Trong chuy\u1ebfn \u0111i n\u00e0y, Einstein c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i n\u00f3i chuy\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 thuy\u1ebft t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc nh\u01b0 Chicago, v\u00e0 Princeton. T\u1ea1i Princeton \u00f4ng c\u00f3 b\u1ed1n b\u00e0i n\u00f3i chuy\u1ec7n t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh n\u1ed9i dung c\u1ee7a quy\u1ec3n s\u00e1ch nh\u1ecf \u00dd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a Thuy\u1ebft t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i<\/em> (The Meaning of Relativity), quy\u1ec3n s\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a Einstein \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n \u1edf M\u1ef9, v\u00e0 trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m sau \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ed5 sung \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t quy\u1ec3n s\u00e1ch kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thi\u1ebfu \u2013 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i \u2018kinh th\u00e1nh\u2019 – cho nh\u1eefng ai nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u thuy\u1ebft t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i.<\/p>\n Harvard c\u0169ng c\u00f3 m\u1eddi Einstein \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb kh\u00e1ch, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng m\u1eddi di\u1ec5n thuy\u1ebft. L\u00fd do, Harvard l\u00e0 n\u01a1i quy t\u1ee5 nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 ch\u1ecbu \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng r\u1ea5t m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a Henri Bergson, tri\u1ebft gia Ph\u00e1p c\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn t\u1ea1i M\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 20, m\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n l\u00e0 nh\u00e0 tri\u1ebft h\u1ecdc William James. Bergson v\u00e0 Einstein s\u1ebd c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c tranh lu\u1eadn n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng s\u1eafp t\u1edbi khi Einstein t\u1eeb M\u1ef9 v\u1ec1 sang th\u0103m Ph\u00e1p v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 4, 1922 t\u1edbi. T\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p h\u01a1n khi hi\u1ec7u tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a Harvard, A. Lawrence Lowell, ch\u00e0o m\u1eebng Einstein b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfng Ph\u00e1p, trong khi \u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00e0o m\u1eebng b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfng \u0110\u1ee9c \u1edf Princeton.<\/p>\n Tr\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1eefng ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u00e3i h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c nhi\u1ec7t t\u00ecnh d\u00e0nh cho \u00f4ng, Einstein vi\u1ebft trong b\u00e0i n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng \u1ea5n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng \u1edf M\u1ef9 n\u0103m 1921 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u0103ng tr\u00ean t\u1edd Berliner Blatt<\/em>, ng\u00e0y 7 th\u00e1ng 7:<\/p>\n S\u00f9ng b\u00e1i c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n trong m\u1eaft t\u00f4i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i g\u00ec kh\u00f4ng ch\u00ednh \u0111\u00e1ng. Ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn T\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean ph\u00e2n b\u1ed5 d\u1ed3i d\u00e0o c\u00e1c t\u00e0i n\u0103ng \u0111a d\u1ea1ng l\u00ean tr\u1ebb em. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi may m\u1eafn c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u, v\u00e0 t\u00f4i tin ch\u1eafc, ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn trong h\u1ecd v\u1eabn c\u00f2n s\u1ed1ng cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi t\u0129nh l\u1eb7ng v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ai \u0111\u1ec3 \u00fd. T\u00f4i c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng c\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng, v\u00e2ng, c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1eb9p, n\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi may m\u1eafn n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng m\u1ed9 v\u00f4 b\u1edd b\u1ebfn, b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta th\u00eau d\u1ec7t cho h\u1ecd nh\u1eefng s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh si\u00eau vi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a tinh th\u1ea7n v\u00e0 t\u00ednh c\u00e1ch. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ec7nh c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i. V\u00e0 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u1ea3n k\u1ef3 c\u1ee5c gi\u1eefa nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u con ng\u01b0\u1eddi g\u00e1n cho t\u00f4i v\u1ec1 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u si\u00eau vi\u1ec7t v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt v\u1ec1 t\u00f4i, nh\u1eefng g\u00ec t\u00f4i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m.<\/p>\n \u00d4ng vi\u1ebft ti\u1ebfp v\u1ec1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9:<\/p>\n \u00dd th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t n\u00e0y s\u1ebd l\u00e0m cho t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ch\u1ecbu n\u1ed5i, n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 an \u1ee7i d\u1ec5 ch\u1ecbu n\u00e0y: \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0, trong th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111ang b\u1ecb ph\u00ea ph\u00e1n l\u00e0 duy v\u1eadt ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta, c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng minh r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd (ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9) \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o ra nh\u1eefng anh h\u00f9ng t\u1eeb con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n n\u1eb1m trong l\u00e3nh v\u1ef1c tinh th\u1ea7n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y ch\u1ee9ng minh r\u1eb1ng, nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 c\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1eb7t l\u00ean cao h\u01a1n s\u1edf h\u1eefu v\u00e0 quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c. \u1ede m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u1edbn, theo nh\u1eefng tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i, th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 duy l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng n\u00e0y c\u00f2n \u0111ang ng\u1ef1 tr\u1ecb trong n\u01b0\u1edbc M\u1ef9 v\u1ed1n b\u1ecb quy l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t ch\u1ea1y theo ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a duy v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t. [\u2026]<\/p>\n T\u00f4i c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng m\u1ed9 n\u1ed3ng nhi\u1ec7t d\u00e0nh cho nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c vi\u1ec7n nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u khoa h\u1ecdc M\u1ef9. Ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng c\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng khi t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch quy s\u1ef1 \u01b0u vi\u1ec7t ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng t\u0103ng c\u1ee7a n\u1ec1n nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u M\u1ef9 thu\u1ea7n t\u00fay nh\u1edd v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 ph\u1ed3n vinh \u01b0u vi\u1ec7t; ch\u00ednh s\u1ef1 t\u1eadn t\u1ee5y, ki\u00ean nh\u1eabn, v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t tinh th\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9i, v\u00e0 n\u0103ng khi\u1ebfu h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00f3ng m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng cho s\u1ef1 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng.<\/a> [2]<\/a><\/p>\n Ph\u1ea3i n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng, ch\u00ednh n\u01b0\u1edbc M\u1ef9 b\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng cu\u1ed9c ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u00f3n n\u1ed3ng h\u1eadu v\u01b0\u1ee3t m\u1ecdi s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00fap Einstein tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh si\u00eau sao, m\u1ed9t bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ea1i ch\u00fang. N\u01b0\u1edbc M\u1ef9 ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng m\u1ed9 v\u00e0 t\u00e1n d\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00f4ng h\u01a1n c\u1ea3 s\u1ee9c ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u1ef1ng c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng. Nh\u1eefng kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 khoa h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a Einstein g\u00e2y \u1ea5n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 h\u01a1n m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 kh\u00e1c. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 xem \u00f4ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u201cColumbus m\u1edbi c\u1ee7a khoa h\u1ecdc, c\u00f4 \u0111\u01a1n ch\u00e8o thuy\u1ec1n qua c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng bi\u1ec3n m\u1edbi c\u1ee7a t\u01b0 duy\u201d nh\u01b0 ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Princeton ch\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3n \u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfng \u0110\u1ee9c.[3]<\/a> Trong 8 tu\u1ea7n l\u1ec5 c\u1ee7a chuy\u1ebfn th\u0103m, c\u00f3 h\u01a1n 160 b\u00e0i b\u00e1o v\u00e0 essays \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 \u00f4ng trong nh\u1eefng t\u1edd b\u00e1o v\u00e0 t\u1ea1p ch\u00ed t\u00ean tu\u1ed5i nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc M\u1ef9. H\u1ecd vi\u1ebft b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 nh\u1eefng chi ti\u1ebft g\u00ec v\u1ec1 Einstein. H\u01a1n n\u1eefa, Einstein t\u1ecf ra l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1edbi c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc: r\u1ea5t con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, m\u1ed9t ngh\u1ec7 s\u1ef9, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u201cs\u00e0nh \u0111i\u1ec7u\u201d, \u201cm\u1ed9t tay c\u1ea7m \u1ed1ng \u0111i\u1ebfu, m\u1ed9t tay x\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e0n v\u0129 c\u1ea7m\u201d, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho c\u00f4ng ch\u00fang ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u00f3ng k\u00edn trong th\u00e1p ng\u00e0 h\u1ecdc thu\u1eadt, xa l\u1ea1 v\u1edbi th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi.<\/p>\n \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi Do Th\u00e1i \u1edf M\u1ef9, t\u1ea5m g\u01b0\u01a1ng Einstein ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf, khoa h\u1ecdc c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ecdn l\u1ef1a c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng, m\u1ed9t l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng, m\u1ed9t ngh\u1ec1 m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Do Th\u00e1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tham gia v\u00e0 v\u01b0\u01a1n l\u00ean nh\u1eefng c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 cao nh\u1ea5t. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi Do Th\u00e1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf tham gia c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u1ebf x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf kh\u1ecfi c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec1n th\u1edd c\u1ee7a khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i m\u1edf ra. Khoa h\u1ecdc l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n gi\u00fap h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi b\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ghettos v\u00e0 th\u1eadt s\u1ef1 h\u1ed9i nh\u1eadp nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng d\u00e2n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. Th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 20 l\u00e0 th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 c\u1ee7a khoa h\u1ecdc \u0111ang l\u00ean, lan t\u1ecfa t\u1eeb ch\u00e2u \u00c2u sang Hoa K\u1ef3.<\/p>\n \u2605\u2605\u2605<\/span><\/p>\n Chuy\u1ebfn \u0111i th\u1ee9 hai 1930-1931<\/em>. M\u01b0\u1eddi n\u0103m sau, trong chuy\u1ebfn th\u0103m di\u1ec5n ra v\u00e0o m\u00f9a \u0111\u00f4ng 1930 \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea7u n\u0103m 1931 t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7n c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 CalTech \u1edf California theo l\u1eddi m\u1eddi c\u1ee7a Robert Millikan, Einstein c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00f3n ti\u1ebfp ho\u00e0nh tr\u00e1ng h\u01a1n m\u01b0\u1eddi n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc. Chuy\u1ebfn \u0111i n\u00e0y c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a Einstein v\u00e0 c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n khoa h\u1ecdc M\u1ef9. Ngay khi t\u00e0u d\u1eebng ch\u00e2n \u1edf New York tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0111i ti\u1ebfp sang ph\u00eda T\u00e2y, Einstein l\u1ea1i b\u1ecb bao v\u00e2y b\u1edfi ph\u00f3ng vi\u00ean. \u00d4ng tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1:<\/p>\n Khi t\u00f4i s\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t ch\u00e2n l\u1ea1i l\u00ean \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc Hoa K\u1ef3, sau khi v\u1eafng m\u1eb7t m\u01b0\u1eddi n\u0103m, suy ngh\u0129 \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean h\u1ebft trong t\u00f4i l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y h\u00f4m nay c\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t l\u00ean tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t\u2026.t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed3n c\u1ee7a l\u1ed1i s\u1ed1ng d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7\u2026.\u0110\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng minh, b\u1eb1ng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng tay ch\u00e2n v\u00e0 tr\u00ed \u00f3c, r\u1eb1ng t\u1ef1 do c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng t\u1ed1t cho lao \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o h\u01a1n b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 th\u1ebf ch\u1ebf chuy\u00ean ch\u00ednh n\u00e0o\u2026.V\u1ecb th\u1ebf ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 kinh t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n m\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1ebfn n\u1ed5i\u2026c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ebb g\u00e3y truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng chi\u1ebfn tranh m\u00e0 ch\u00e2u \u00c2u \u0111\u00e3 \u0111au kh\u1ed5 trong su\u1ed1t l\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh\u2026\u0110\u1ecbnh m\u1ec7nh \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1eb7t s\u1ee9 m\u1ea1ng l\u1ecbch s\u1eed n\u00e0y v\u00e0o tay c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n\u2026.\u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c truy\u1ec1n c\u1ea3m h\u1ee9ng t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng ni\u1ec1m hy v\u1ecdng n\u00e0y, t\u00f4i xin ch\u00e0o c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n c\u00f9ng m\u1ea3nh \u0111\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n. T\u00f4i h\u0103m h\u1edf l\u00e0m m\u1edbi l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 c\u0169 v\u00e0 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i d\u01b0\u1edbi \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng g\u00ec t\u00f4i s\u1ebd nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y v\u00e0 h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi trong l\u00fac t\u00f4i \u1edf v\u1edbi c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n.<\/a>[4]<\/a><\/p>\n 100 n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc, 1831, Alexis de Tocqueville c\u0169ng t\u1eebng \u0111\u1ebfn T\u00e2n Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng m\u1ed9 n\u1ec1n D\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 M\u1ef9, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00f4ng \u0111\u00fac k\u1ebft trong t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m b\u1ea5t h\u1ee7 Democracy in America <\/em>– N\u1ec1n d\u00e2n tr\u1ecb M\u1ef9 – c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng. Einstein nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y n\u01b0\u1edbc M\u1ef9 nh\u01b0 th\u1ea7n Athena \u0111ang l\u1edbn l\u00ean, kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb nhu\u1ed1m b\u1ea9n b\u1edfi m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 t\u1ed1i t\u0103m \u1ea3m \u0111\u1ea1m c\u1ee7a ch\u00e2u \u00c2u, trong s\u00e1ng v\u00e0 thu\u1ea7n khi\u1ebft, c\u00f3 tri th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 minh tri\u1ebft, nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng c\u00f3 s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 s\u1ee9 m\u1ec7nh \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eeda cho th\u1eb3ng l\u1ea1i l\u1ecbch s\u1eed \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb cong. Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, m\u1ed9t n\u01b0\u1edbc M\u1ef9 nhi\u1ec7t t\u00ecnh v\u00e0 say m\u00ea bi\u1ebft ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng m\u1ed9 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb anh h\u00f9ng \u0111ang \u0111\u1ee9ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u00ecnh, bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a t\u1ef1 do t\u01b0 duy v\u00e0 kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1.<\/p>\n \u0110\u1ebfn San Diego, Einstein ph\u00e1t bi\u1ec3u tr\u00ean radio r\u1ea5t h\u1ed3 h\u1edfi:<\/p>\n C\u00e1c b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t l\u1ed1i s\u1ed1ng m\u00e0 qua \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00fang ta t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y ni\u1ec1m vui c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 ni\u1ec1m vui c\u1ee7a lao \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p h\u00e0i h\u00f2a. Th\u00eam v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 tinh th\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a tham v\u1ecdng tr\u00e0n ng\u1eadp trong con ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n v\u00e0 d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m cho lao \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ee9a tr\u1ebb h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac \u0111ang ch\u01a1i \u0111\u00f9a.<\/a>[5]<\/a><\/p>\n T\u1eeb l\u00fac chi\u1ebfc t\u00e0u Belgenland<\/em> c\u1eadp b\u1ebfn \u1edf San Diego, nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t t\u1edd b\u00e1o t\u01b0\u1eddng thu\u1eadt,<\/p>\n S\u1ef1 \u0111\u00f3n ti\u1ebfp c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Cali d\u00e0nh cho Einstein m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n l\u00e0 m\u00e0n tr\u00ecnh di\u1ec5n kinh doanh, m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 s\u00f9ng b\u00e1i anh h\u00f9ng, v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n l\u00e0 c\u1ea3m x\u00fac \u0111\u00edch th\u1ef1c. C\u00e1c nh\u00f3m tr\u1ebb em trong trang ph\u1ee5c h\u1ecdc sinh tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ea3i qu\u00e2n h\u00e1t nh\u1ea1c cho \u00f4ng v\u00e0 nh\u00e9t c\u00e1c v\u00f2ng hoa v\u00e0o tay \u00f4ng, hai d\u00e0n nh\u1ea1c h\u00f2a \u0111i\u1ec7u ch\u00e0o m\u1eebng \u2026<\/a>[6]<\/a><\/p>\n Einstein \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eb7p nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9: Albert Michelson, Edward Morley, hai t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m \u0111i t\u00ecm gi\u00f3 ether m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch v\u00f4 v\u1ecdng, hay h\u1ec7 qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 l\u00e0 t\u00ednh h\u1eb1ng s\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a v\u1eadn t\u1ed1c \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng, gi\u00fap Einstein \u0111\u01b0a n\u00f3 l\u00ean th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ec1 trong thuy\u1ebft t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i h\u1eb9p, m\u1ed9t k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 m\u00e0, nh\u01b0 Einstein th\u1eeba nh\u1eadn v\u1edbi Michelson, l\u00fac b\u1ea5y gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e3 89 tu\u1ed5i, n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3, th\u00ec thuy\u1ebft t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i h\u1eb9p ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 t\u01b0 bi\u1ec7n; g\u1eb7p Edwin Hubble, ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1ed9t n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e3 quan s\u00e1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 chuy\u1ec3n d\u1ecbch \u0111\u1ecf c\u1ee7a \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng t\u1eeb c\u00e1c thi\u00ean h\u00e0 xa, \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ed3ng ngh\u0129a v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 gi\u00e3n n\u1edf c\u1ee7a v\u0169 tr\u1ee5. R\u1ea5t \u1ea5n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 n\u00e0y, Einstein \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ee1 b\u1ecf \u201ch\u1eb1ng s\u1ed1 v\u0169 tr\u1ee5\u201d lambda \u039b trong ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng, \u0111i\u1ec1u cho ph\u00e9p c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh t\u00e1i gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean, v\u00e0 h\u1eb1ng s\u1ed1 m\u00e0 cu\u1ed1i th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 20 \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i ngo\u1ea1n m\u1ee5c trong v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 h\u1ecdc.<\/p>\n Einstein t\u1ea1i \u0110\u00e0i thi\u00ean v\u0103n Mount Wilson th\u00e1ng 1, n\u0103m 1931.<\/p>\n Chi\u1ebfc c\u1ea7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean l\u00e0 \u201eC\u1ea7u Einstein\u201c<\/p>\n Ba ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111o\u1ea1t gi\u1ea3i Nobel, h\u00e0ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc: A. A. Michelson, Albert Einstein, Robert A. Millikan. H\u00e0ng sau: Walter S. Adams, Walther Mayer, Max Ferrand. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc Athenaeum (C\u00e2u l\u1ea1c b\u1ed9 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc), Caltech, 1931. Courtesy of the Caltech Archives.<\/p>\n M\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n c\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi l\u1ea1i trong nh\u1eadt k\u00fd c\u1ee7a b\u00e0 Helen Dukas m\u00e0 Abraham Pais \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecdc v\u00e0 ghi l\u1ea1i ng\u1eafn ng\u1ee7i v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t \u201cph\u1ee5 n\u1eef l\u1edbn tu\u1ed5i (Helen Keller) b\u1ee9t kh\u1ecfi h\u00e0ng r\u00e0o c\u1ea3nh s\u00e1t, ch\u1ea1y t\u1edbi n\u1eafm l\u1ea5y hai tay Einstein, v\u00e0 n\u00f3i \u2018B\u00e2y gi\u1edd t\u00f4i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u1eafm m\u1eaft m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch b\u00ecnh y\u00ean\u2019; r\u1ed3i b\u00e0 s\u1edd \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0 m\u1eb7t \u00f4ng, khi\u1ebfn Einstein ch\u1ea3y n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eaft\u201d.[7]<\/a><\/p>\n \u00d4ng ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eb7p nh\u00e0 l\u00e0m phim c\u00e2m v\u00e0 t\u00e0i t\u1eed huy\u1ec1n tho\u1ea1i Charlie Chaplin, v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem bu\u1ed5i tr\u00ecnh di\u1ec5n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean phim \u201c\u00c1nh s\u00e1ng \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb\u201d. Khi phim v\u1eeba d\u1ee9t, m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ee9ng d\u1eady v\u00e0 v\u1ed7 tay nh\u01b0 s\u1ea5m hoan h\u00f4 hai v\u1ecb anh h\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh \u0111i\u1ec7n \u1ea3nh v\u00e0 ng\u00e0nh v\u1eadt l\u00fd. Einstein h\u1ecfi Chaplin \u00fd ngh\u0129a v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 hoan h\u00f4 n\u00e0y. Chaplin n\u00f3i: \u201cD\u00e2n ch\u00fang hoan h\u00f4 t\u00f4i v\u00ec h\u1ecd hi\u1ec3u t\u00f4i, c\u00f2n h\u1ecd hoan h\u00f4 \u00f4ng v\u00ec kh\u00f4ng ai hi\u1ec3u \u00f4ng\u201d.<\/p>\n Ng\u00e0y 2 th\u00e1ng 2 n\u0103m 1931, s\u1ef1 h\u1ed9i t\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a hai si\u00eau sao Charlie Chaplin v\u00e0<\/p>\n Albert Einstein t\u1ea1i Los Angeles trong bu\u1ed5i ra m\u1eaft phim \u00c1nh s\u00e1ng \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb<\/em>.<\/p>\n Elsa Einstein \u0111\u1ee9ng c\u1ea1nh Charlie b\u00ean tay ph\u1ea3i.<\/p>\n \u201cD\u00e2n ch\u00fang hoan h\u00f4 t\u00f4i v\u00ec h\u1ecd hi\u1ec3u t\u00f4i, c\u00f2n h\u1ecd hoan h\u00f4 \u00f4ng v\u00ec kh\u00f4ng ai hi\u1ec3u \u00f4ng.\u201d (Chaplin)<\/span><\/p>\n \u201cT\u1ea1i sao kh\u00f4ng ai hi\u1ec3u t\u00f4i v\u00e0 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1ea1i th\u00edch t\u00f4i?\u201d (Einstein)<\/span><\/p>\n <\/p>\n C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t b\u00e0 tri\u1ec7u ph\u00fa mu\u1ed1n t\u1eb7ng CalTech s\u1ed1 ti\u1ec1n 10.000 \u0111\u00f4 la, ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u0103m Einstein. Nh\u01b0ng Einstein \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi Einstein, M\u1ef9 l\u00e0 qu\u1ed1c gia \u0111\u00e3 d\u00e0nh cho \u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea7y nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 ng\u1ea1c nhi\u00ean v\u00e0 th\u00fa v\u1ecb, m\u1ed9t qu\u1ed1c gia m\u00e0 c\u1ee9 m\u1ed7i hai ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 chi\u1ebfc \u00f4 t\u00f4, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c si\u00eau th\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c r\u1ea5t khoa h\u1ecdc nh\u01b0 \u00f4ng nh\u1eadn x\u00e9t. Ri\u00eang Pasadena \u00f4ng cho r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u201cthi\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng\u201d \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n \u2605\u2605\u2605<\/span><\/p>\n Chuy\u1ebfn \u0111i th\u1ee9 ba 1931-1932<\/em>. L\u1ea7n n\u00e0y di\u1ec5n ra t\u1eeb th\u00e1ng 12, 1931 \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00e1ng 3, 1932, Einstein c\u0169ng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1i Pasadena. Trong nh\u1eadt k\u00fd h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh, Einstein ghi \u201cH\u00f4m nay t\u00f4i quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh, t\u00f4i s\u1ebd c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n t\u1eeb b\u1ecf v\u1ecb tr\u00ed t\u1ea1i Berlin c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i v\u00e0 s\u1ebd l\u00e0m th\u00e2n m\u1ed9t con chim di tr\u00fa cho ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1eddi c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i. Chim h\u1ea3i \u00e2u v\u1eabn h\u1ed9 t\u1ed1ng con t\u00e0u, m\u00e3i m\u00e3i l\u01b0\u1ee3n tr\u00ean \u0111\u00f4i c\u00e1nh. Ch\u00fang l\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed3ng nghi\u1ec7p m\u1edbi c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i.\u201d Einstein quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u1edf Berlin n\u1eeda n\u0103m, M\u1ef9 n\u1eeda n\u0103m. L\u1ea7n n\u00e0y, Einstein \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u g\u1eb7p nh\u00e0 gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9 Abraham Flexner. \u00d4ng c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi hai nh\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u00e2n \u00e1i Louis Bamberger v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ecb em, B\u00e0 Felix Fuld, \u0111ang mu\u1ed1n x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t vi\u1ec7n nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u m\u1edbi t\u1ea1i Princeton. T\u1eeb 1930, gia \u0111\u00ecnh Bamberger \u0111\u00e3 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp Vi\u1ec7n nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u cao c\u1ea5p Princeton v\u00e0 m\u1eddi Flexner l\u00e0m gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed1c. Vi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t \u201cn\u1ec1n h\u1ecdc thu\u1eadt tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 cao nh\u1ea5t trong nhi\u1ec1u l\u00e3nh v\u1ef1c\u201d v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e0n \u00f4ng v\u00e0 ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thu h\u00fat b\u1edfi ti\u1ebfng g\u1ecdi c\u1ee7a n\u00f3, kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t gi\u1edbi t\u00ednh, t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o hay ch\u1ee7ng t\u1ed9c. L\u00e0m theo m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh n\u00e0o? \u0110\u1ee9ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00e1c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh tham kh\u1ea3o All Souls College, Oxford, Coll\u00e8ge de France, v\u00e0 Vi\u1ec7n Rockefeller Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u Y khoa, Flexner \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ecdn m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Johns Hopkins, v\u00e0 t\u1ea5m g\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a v\u1ecb Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean Daniel Coit Gilman c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. V\u00ec sao? Flexner vi\u1ebft trong T\u1ef1 thu\u1eadt<\/em> c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh:<\/p>\n Khi nh\u00ecn l\u1ea1i, ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch Gilman \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ecf ra c\u00f3 t\u1ea7m nh\u00ecn v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 can \u0111\u1ea3m kh\u00f4ng ai s\u00e1nh n\u1ed5i trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc M\u1ef9. \u00d4ng Gilman \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1eb7t th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t t\u1ea5m g\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nh\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00e3 noi theo: \u00f4ng du h\u00e0nh qua n\u01b0\u1edbc M\u1ef9 v\u00e0 T\u00e2y \u00c2u \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ed9i \u00fd v\u1edbi c\u00e1c h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc xu\u1ea5t s\u1eafc c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi l\u1ea5y quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ecdn l\u1ef1a (b\u1ed5 nhi\u1ec7m) quan tr\u1ecdng. Sau khi \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ecdn xong nh\u1eefng con ng\u01b0\u1eddi then ch\u1ed1t, \u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecd ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp. S\u00e1u m\u01b0\u01a1i n\u0103m sau, \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra Vi\u1ec7n Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u Cao c\u1ea5p v\u00e0 tuy\u1ec3n ch\u1ecdn nh\u00e2n s\u1ef1 ban \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a n\u00f3, t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 ti\u1ebfp thu c\u00e1c l\u00e0m c\u1ee7a Gilman.<\/a>[8]<\/a><\/p>\n S\u1ef1 l\u1eadp l\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a l\u1ecbch s\u1eed. H\u01a1n n\u1eeda th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 tr\u01b0\u1edbc, Johns Hopkins, v\u1edbi Gilman \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng v\u1ecb \u201canh h\u00f9ng\u201d c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc M\u1ef9, ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n Wissenschaft<\/em>, khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 h\u1ecdc thu\u1eadt, theo m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0110\u1ee9c (Humboldt) h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh t\u1ea1i Berlin t\u1eeb 1810. S\u1ef1 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a Johns Hopkins \u0111\u00e3 truy\u1ec1n c\u1ea3m h\u1ee9ng sang c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc kh\u00e1c l\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u0169ng \u0111i theo nh\u01b0 Harvard, Cornell, Stanford, Chicago \u2026<\/a>[9]<\/a> H\u1ecdc thu\u1eadt theo tinh th\u1ea7n \u0110\u1ee9c \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng \u1edf M\u1ef9. Nay Flexner h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00fang theo tinh th\u1ea7n \u1ea5y. L\u1ea7n n\u00e0y \u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n du nh\u1eadp c\u00e1c tinh hoa th\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1eb7ng c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c v\u00e0 ch\u00e2u \u00c2u v\u00e0o. Einstein l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Flexner m\u1eddi l\u00e0m gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a Tr\u01b0\u1eddng V\u1eadt l\u00fd c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7n. Th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0o m\u00f9a h\u00e8 n\u0103m sau, khi Flexner th\u0103m Einstein t\u1ea1i nh\u00e0 ngh\u1ec9 m\u00e1t \u1edf Caputh, Berlin. Einstein r\u1ea5t h\u00e0o h\u1ee9ng v\u1edbi \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a Flexner: \u201cIch bin Flamme und Feuer daf\u00fcr\u201d (T\u00f4i \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 v\u1edbi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 l\u1eeda nhi\u1ec7t t\u00ecnh). Sau \u0111\u00f3, khi th\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1ec1 l\u01b0\u01a1ng, Einstein ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1eb7t ra y\u00eau c\u1ea7u $3.000\/n\u0103m. \u201cT\u00f4i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ed1ng \u00edt h\u01a1n kh\u00f4ng?\u201d, Einstein h\u1ecfi. Nh\u01b0ng Flexner cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng \u0111\u00e3 t\u0103ng l\u00ean $15.000 (t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1edbi $273.000 th\u1eddi gi\u00e1 n\u0103m 2014). C\u00f2n nh\u00e2n s\u1ef1 cho c\u00e1c vi\u1ec7n kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c t\u00ean tu\u1ed5i Kurt G\u00f6del, John von Neumann, Hermann Weyl, theo sau, do kh\u00f4ng ai kh\u00e1c h\u01a1n l\u00e0 Hitler cung c\u1ea5p! Trong chuy\u1ebfn \u0111i n\u00e0y, Einstein c\u0169ng g\u1eb7p J. Robert Oppenheimer v\u00e0 Linus Pauling, b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9.<\/p>\n \u00dd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c Einstein \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u01b0 t\u1ea1i M\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u00e0nh khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 h\u1ecdc thu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a qu\u1ed1c gia n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00f3m t\u1eaft s\u00fac t\u00edch nh\u1ea5t trong b\u00ecnh lu\u1eadn c\u1ee7a Paul Langevin, ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea1n th\u00e2n c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng, v\u00e0 l\u00e0 nh\u00e0 v\u1eadt l\u00fd h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a Ph\u00e1p, nh\u01b0 sau: \u201c\u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n quan tr\u1ecdng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 vi\u1ec7c d\u1eddi t\u00f2a th\u00e1nh Vatican t\u1eeb Rome v\u1ec1 T\u00e2n Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. V\u1ecb Gi\u00e1o ho\u00e0ng V\u1eadt l\u00fd \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ed5i ch\u1ed7, v\u00e0 Hoa K\u1ef3 gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e2y tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh trung t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh khoa h\u1ecdc.\u201d[10]<\/a> Einstein \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eadn v\u00e0o M\u1ef9. Trong s\u1ed1 1600 h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 nh\u1eadp c\u01b0, c\u00f3 kho\u1ea3ng m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n ba l\u00e0 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c di t\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t x\u00e1m, c\u1ee7a v\u0103n h\u00f3a, khoa h\u1ecdc, h\u1ecdc thu\u1eadt sang T\u00e2n Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi.<\/p>\n Nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i Einstein lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u00f3n n\u1ed3ng nhi\u1ec7t. \u00d4ng c\u0169ng b\u1ecb m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u00edt ch\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed1i quy\u1ebft li\u1ec7t nh\u1eb1m ng\u0103n c\u1ea3n \u00f4ng v\u00e0o n\u01b0\u1edbc M\u1ef9. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc chuy\u1ebfn \u0111i d\u1ee9t kho\u00e1t c\u1ee7a Einstein sang M\u1ef9 cu\u1ed1i 1932, m\u1ed9t \u201cH\u1ed9i ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef y\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc\u201d vi\u1ebft th\u01b0 cho B\u1ed9 ngo\u1ea1i giao M\u1ef9 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u kh\u00f4ng cho Einstein nh\u1eadp c\u1ea3nh. H\u1ecd k\u1ebft \u00e1n Einstein l\u00e0 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m c\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n-v\u00f4 ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 c\u00f3 \u00e2m m\u01b0u l\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed5, v\u00e0 khuy\u1ebfn c\u00e1o r\u1eb1ng thuy\u1ebft t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i mang t\u00ednh l\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed5, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng v\u00f4 ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 v\u00e0 h\u1ee7y ho\u1ea1i nh\u00e0 th\u1edd v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta nh\u1edb l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c cha d\u00f2ng T\u00ean c\u0169ng t\u1eebng b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 to\u00e1n h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc Euclid ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i to\u00e1n vi t\u00edch ph\u00e2n v\u00e0o th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 17 v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng l\u00fd do g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf. Einstein tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch d\u00ed d\u1ecfm qua Associated Press<\/em>: \u201cT\u00f4i ch\u01b0a bao gi\u1edd b\u1ecb cho leo c\u00e2y m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch th\u00f4 thi\u1ec3n nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf b\u1edfi ph\u00e1i \u0111\u1eb9p, c\u0169ng ch\u01b0a bao gi\u1edd nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf b\u1edfi nhi\u1ec1u th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t l\u00fac!\u201d<\/a>[11]<\/a> Einstein g\u1eb7p \u00edt kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n v\u1edbi t\u00f2a \u0111\u1ea1i s\u1ee9 M\u1ef9 \u1edf Berlin v\u00ec chuy\u1ec7n n\u00e0y, nh\u01b0ng cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5p visa nh\u1eadp c\u1ea3nh M\u1ef9.<\/p>\n \u2605\u2605\u2605<\/span><\/p>\n Chuy\u1ebfn th\u0103m th\u1ee9 t\u01b0 1932-1933<\/em>. Chuy\u1ebfn th\u0103m di\u1ec5n ra t\u1eeb th\u00e1ng 12, 1932 \u0111\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00e1ng 3, 1933, c\u0169ng t\u1ea1i Pasadena. L\u1ea7n n\u00e0y Einstein c\u00f3 b\u1ee9c tranh n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng ch\u1ee5p t\u1ea1i Pasadena ch\u1ea1y xe \u0111\u1ea1p nghi\u00eang ng\u01b0\u1eddi theo \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cong v\u1edbi n\u00e9t m\u1eb7t vui t\u01b0\u01a1i. B\u1ee9c \u1ea3nh n\u00e0y nh\u01b0 minh h\u1ecda \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u00e0 Einstein \u0111\u00e3 vi\u1ebft cho con trai th\u1ee9 hai Eduard n\u0103m 1930: \u201cCon ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 chi\u1ebfc xe \u0111\u1ea1p. Ch\u1ec9 khi n\u00e0o n\u00f3 ch\u1ea1y, n\u00f3 m\u1edbi gi\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u0103ng b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch d\u1ec5 ch\u1ecbu.\u201d<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Einstein t\u1ea1i Pasadena<\/p>\n Con ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 chi\u1ebfc xe \u0111\u1ea1p. Ch\u1ec9 khi n\u00e0o n\u00f3 ch\u1ea1y, <\/span><\/p>\n n\u00f3 m\u1edbi gi\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u0103ng b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch d\u1ec5 ch\u1ecbu.<\/span><\/p>\n ALBERT EINSTEIN<\/span><\/p>\n <\/p>\n Khi r\u1eddi M\u1ef9, Einstein ph\u00e1t bi\u1ec3u tr\u01b0\u1edbc b\u00e1o ch\u00ed: \u201c\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u00f4i, Hoa K\u1ef3 b\u1ed9c l\u1ed9 m\u00ecnh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u00e2n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 quan t\u00e2m d\u1ee9t kho\u00e1t (commanding interest). \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi c\u1ee7a t\u00ecnh huynh \u0111\u1ec7, c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c, trong khi ch\u00e2u \u00c2u l\u00e0 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n.\u201d<\/p>\n Th\u00e1ng 3, 1933, khi nghe tin Hitler l\u00ean n\u1eafm quy\u1ec1n, Einstein \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ecdn cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng l\u01b0u vong \u1edf M\u1ef9. \u00d4ng s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u1edf Princeton cho \u0111\u1ebfn cu\u1ed1i \u0111\u1eddi, t\u1ed5ng c\u1ed9ng 22 n\u0103m.<\/p>\n Khi Einstein v\u00e0 gia \u0111\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn qu\u1ed1c t\u1ecbch M\u1ef9 n\u0103m 1940, \u00f4ng tham gia m\u1ed9t bu\u1ed5i ph\u00e1t thanh trong chu\u1ed7i \u201cT\u00f4i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9\u201d \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e0i tr\u1ee3 b\u1edfi S\u1edf di tr\u00fa v\u00e0 Nh\u1eadp qu\u1ed1c t\u1ecbch. M\u1ed9t \u0111o\u1ea1n ph\u00e1t bi\u1ec3u c\u1ee7a Einstein c\u00f3 n\u1ed9i dung sau \u0111\u00e2y:<\/p>\n T\u00f4i c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng, \u1edf M\u1ef9 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o l\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 d\u0129, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u00f4i, \u0111\u00f3 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n qu\u00fd gi\u00e1 nh\u1ea5t trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng. Trong m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i qu\u1ed1c gia, con ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 t\u1ef1 do. Nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9, m\u1ed9t t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 tha th\u1ee9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c\u2026T\u00f4i k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng g\u00ec t\u00f4i th\u1ea5y \u1edf ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9, t\u1eeb l\u00fac t\u00f4i \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e2y, r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ed1ng d\u01b0\u1edbi m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng to\u00e0n tr\u1ecb, do t\u00ednh kh\u00ed hay truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. T\u00f4i tin r\u1eb1ng nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong h\u1ecd s\u1ebd th\u1ea5y cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1ng s\u1ed1ng trong nh\u1eefng ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf. Do \u0111\u00f3, vi\u1ec7c g\u00ecn gi\u1eef v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 nh\u1eefng quy\u1ec1n t\u1ef1 do n\u00e0y l\u1ea1i c\u00e0ng quan tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi h\u1ecd. [\u2026]<\/p>\n T\u00f4i tin n\u01b0\u1edbc M\u1ef9 s\u1ebd ch\u1ee9ng minh r\u1eb1ng d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c ch\u00ednh th\u1ec3 d\u1ef1a l\u00ean m\u1ed9t Hi\u1ebfn ph\u00e1p l\u00e0nh m\u1ea1nh, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n, th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch s\u1ed1ng g\u1eafn li\u1ec1n v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i, truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c. Ng\u00e0y nay h\u01a1n bao gi\u1edd h\u1ebft, \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ec7nh c\u1ee7a lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/a>[12]<\/a><\/p>\n C\u00f2n \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t giai tho\u1ea1i Helen Dukas k\u1ec3 cho nh\u00e0 v\u1eadt l\u00fd Abraham Pais nghe, v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00f4ng ghi l\u1ea1i. Trong l\u00fac m\u1ed9t vi\u00ean ch\u1ee9c cao c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ecdc m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i di\u1ec5n v\u0103n trong bu\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfp t\u00e2n quan tr\u1ecdng d\u00e0nh cho Einstein th\u00ec v\u1ecb kh\u00e1ch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vinh danh l\u1ea5y b\u00fat ra v\u00e0 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u vi\u1ebft v\u1ed9i v\u00e0ng vi\u1ebft c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t tr\u00e1i c\u1ee7a t\u1edd ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u00f4ng c\u00f3 trong tay, qu\u00ean h\u1ebft m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 xung quanh. Khi b\u00e0i di\u1ec5n v\u0103n ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t, ti\u1ebfng hoan h\u00f4 n\u1ed5 rang nh\u01b0 s\u1ea5m. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ee9ng d\u1eady, v\u1ed7 tay v\u00e0 h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u1ec1 Einstein. Helen r\u1ec9 tai \u00f4ng r\u1eb1ng \u00f4ng n\u00ean \u0111\u1ee9ng d\u1eady, v\u00e0 \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3. Nh\u01b0ng do kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng s\u1ef1 tung h\u00f4 kia l\u00e0 d\u00e0nh cho \u00f4ng, n\u00ean \u00f4ng c\u0169ng v\u1ed7 tay theo, cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi Helen n\u00f3i \u00f4ng v\u1edbi \u00f4ng r\u1eb1ng ch\u00ednh \u00f4ng l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00e0 kh\u00e1n gi\u1ea3 \u0111ang hoan h\u00f4.<\/p>\n Einstein l\u00e0 nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00e3 chinh ph\u1ee5c c\u1ea3 ch\u00e2u \u00c2u, M\u1ef9, Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n v\u00e0 Trung Hoa, n\u00f3i chung chinh ph\u1ee5c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. V\u1edbi v\u1ecb th\u1ebf c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng khoa h\u1ecdc huy\u1ec1n tho\u1ea1i, \u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi c\u0169ng th\u1ed5i lu\u1ed3ng gi\u00f3 m\u1edbi m\u00e3nh li\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ea1i ch\u00fang c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 nh\u01b0 ch\u01b0a bao gi\u1edd x\u1ea3y ra \u1edf qui m\u00f4 v\u00e0 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf c\u1ea3. \u0110\u1ea1i ch\u00fang h\u00f3a khoa h\u1ecdc \u201c\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f9a\u201d t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3. D\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y c\u1ee7a thuy\u1ebft t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i ng\u00e0y nay v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a h\u1ec1 suy suy\u1ec3n, c\u00f3 l\u1ebd c\u00f2n m\u1ea1nh h\u01a1n, tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh chuy\u1ec7n th\u01b0\u1eddng ng\u00e0y. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u00f4ng, Galilei t\u1eebng l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 \u0111em khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 khai s\u00e1ng v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea1i ch\u00fang.<\/p>\n C\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a Einstein tr\u00ean n\u01b0\u1edbc M\u1ef9 c\u00f2n d\u00e0i. Nh\u1eefng \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc M\u1ef9 m\u00e0 \u00f4ng y\u00eau m\u1ebfn c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng ng\u0103n c\u1ea3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00f4ng l\u00ean \u00e1n ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a k\u1ef3 th\u1ecb v\u00e0 chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch “s\u0103n c\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n” McCarthy ho\u00e0nh h\u00e0nh n\u01b0\u1edbc M\u1ef9 sau Th\u1ebf chi\u1ebfn II. \u0110\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n, xin xem b\u00e0i Einstein, S\u1ef1 n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng v\u00e0 N\u01b0\u1edbc M\u1ef9<\/em> trong quy\u1ec3n s\u00e1ch Albert Einstein-M\u1eb7t nh\u00e2n b\u1ea3n<\/em>, nxb T\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh, 2017:<\/p>\n Albert Einstein \u2013 M\u1eb7t Nh\u00e2n B\u1ea3n<\/strong><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n <\/p>\n Nguy\u1ec5n Xu\u00e2n Xanh<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n 1.4. 2021<\/span><\/p>\n <\/p>\n [1]<\/a> J\u00fcrgen Neffe, Einstein. Eine Biographie<\/em>. Rowohlt, 2005. Tr. 398<\/p>\n [2]<\/a> Einstein, \u201c\u1ea4n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i v\u1ec1 Hoa K\u1ef3\u201d, trong Ideas and Opinions<\/em>, 4<\/p>\n [3]<\/a> J\u00fcren Neffe, nt, 397<\/p>\n [4]<\/a> Harry Woolf, Albert Einstein: Encounter with America<\/em>. Trong Some Strangeness in the Proportion<\/em>. A Centennial Symposium to Celebrate the Achievements of Albert Einstein. Ed. by Harry Woolf. Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, Inc. 1980, trang 31<\/p>\n [5]<\/a> Pais, Einstein lived here. Clarendon Press, 1994, trang 184<\/p>\n [6]<\/a> Pais, 184<\/p>\n [7]<\/a> Pais, 81. Helen Keller l\u00e0 nh\u00e0 gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9, kh\u00f4ng may b\u1ecb khi\u1ebfm th\u1ecb t\u1eeb nh\u1ecf.<\/p>\n [8]<\/a> Woolf, 32<\/p>\n [9]<\/a> Xem Ti\u1ec3u lu\u1eadn d\u1eabn nh\u1eadp<\/em> v\u1ec1 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc M\u1ef9 c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec5n Xu\u00e2n Xanh trong Clark Kerr, C\u00e1c C\u00f4ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc<\/em>. IRED v\u00e0 nxb DT Books, 2013. Hay trong s\u00e1ch \u0110\u1ea0I H\u1eccC<\/em>, Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 17, nxb T\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh, 2019.<\/p>\n![\"\"](\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/rosetta.vn\/nguyenxuanxanh\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/6\/2021\/04\/Picture-6-r\u1ed7ng-b\u00ean-trong.png?resize=86%2C86&ssl=1\")
<\/p>\n\u201cD\u00e2n ch\u00fang hoan h\u00f4 t\u00f4i v\u00ec h\u1ecd hi\u1ec3u t\u00f4i, c\u00f2n h\u1ecd hoan h\u00f4 \u00f4ng v\u00ec kh\u00f4ng ai hi\u1ec3u \u00f4ng.\u201d (Chaplin)<\/span><\/h3>\n
\u201cT\u1ea1i sao kh\u00f4ng ai hi\u1ec3u t\u00f4i v\u00e0 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1ea1i th\u00edch t\u00f4i?\u201d (Einstein)<\/span><\/h3>\n
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<\/p>\n\u2b50<\/span>\u2b50<\/span>\u2b50<\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n
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<\/p>\n![\"Albert](\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/media.sciencephoto.com\/image\/c0232646\/800wm\/C0232646-Albert_Einstein_and_US_President_Harding.jpg?resize=787%2C563&ssl=1\")
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