{"id":7335,"date":"2022-02-15T15:16:37","date_gmt":"2022-02-15T08:16:37","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/nguyenxuanxanh\/?p=7335"},"modified":"2022-02-15T15:16:37","modified_gmt":"2022-02-15T08:16:37","slug":"ban-ve-le-ii","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/nguyenxuanxanh\/ban-ve-le-ii\/","title":{"rendered":"B\u00e0n v\u1ec1 L\u1ec5 (II)"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: center\"><span style=\"color: #008000;font-size: 24pt\">\u00dd NGH\u0128A C\u1ed8I NGU\u1ed2N C\u1ee6A L\u1ec4 L\u00c0 G\u00cc?<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;color: #000080\">Matsushita K\u00f4nosuke (*)<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><span style=\"color: #000080\">Nh\u00e0 s\u00e1ng l\u1eadp Panasonic<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><span style=\"color: #000080\"><em>Ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u1ecbch : Nguy\u1ec5n S\u01a1n H\u00f9ng<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><em>\u00a0<img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-6321\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/rosetta.vn\/nguyenxuanxanh\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/6\/2021\/03\/picture-7.png?resize=74%2C48&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"74\" height=\"48\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\" \/><\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;color: #000080\">\u00a0Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u00ean l\u1ec5 trong \u1ee9ng x\u1eed h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft l\u1ec5 <\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;color: #000080\">l\u00e0 khi\u1ebfm nh\u00e3, h\u1ea1 c\u1ea5p.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><span style=\"color: #000080\">Matsushita K\u00f4nosuke<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<img decoding=\"async\" class=\"n3VNCb aligncenter\" src=\"http:\/\/djaka1.files.wordpress.com\/2010\/08\/konosukeokina.jpg?w=1140\" alt=\"World Top Entrepreneurs : Konosuke Matsushita\" data-noaft=\"1\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\" \/>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\">Matsushita K\u00f4nosuke<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\">(1894-1989)<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000080\"><em><span class=\"VIiyi\" lang=\"vi\"><span class=\"JLqJ4b ChMk0b\" data-language-for-alternatives=\"vi\" data-language-to-translate-into=\"en\" data-phrase-index=\"0\" data-number-of-phrases=\"6\">L\u1eddi n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ea7u <\/span><\/span><\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p>Ti\u1ebfp theo b\u00e0i B\u00e0n v\u1ec1 l\u1ec5 (I), ch\u00fang t\u00f4i xin gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u quan ni\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 l\u1ec5 c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p l\u1edbn Matsushita K\u00f4nosuke c\u1ee7a Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n trong l\u00e3nh v\u1ef1c h\u00e0ng ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng, nh\u00e0 s\u00e1ng l\u1eadp t\u1eadp \u0111o\u00e0n Panasonic. \u00d4ng b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u lao \u0111\u1ed9ng r\u1ea5t s\u1edbm, \u1edf tu\u1ed5i 9 khi b\u1ed1 m\u1eb9 qua \u0111\u1eddi, sau \u0111\u00f3 \u1edf tu\u1ed5i 16 \u00f4ng<span class=\"VIiyi\" lang=\"vi\"><span class=\"JLqJ4b\" data-language-for-alternatives=\"vi\" data-language-to-translate-into=\"en\" data-phrase-index=\"0\" data-number-of-phrases=\"1\"> b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c cho C\u00f4ng ty \u0110\u00e8n \u0111i\u1ec7n \u014csaka, v\u00e0 b\u1ecf c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c thanh tra \u1edf \u0111\u00f3 n\u0103m 23 tu\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng ty b\u00e1n c\u00e1c ph\u1ee5 ki\u1ec7n c\u1eafm \u0111i\u1ec7n do ch\u00ednh \u00f4ng thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf. Con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3.<br \/>\n<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>Matsushita n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng l\u00e0 nh\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u00f3 t\u00e0i, v\u00e2ng, &#8220;God of management&#8221;, v\u00e0 c\u00f3 tinh th\u1ea7n tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n, x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i qu\u1ed1c gia, v\u00e0 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. <span class=\"VIiyi\" lang=\"vi\"><span class=\"JLqJ4b\" data-language-for-alternatives=\"vi\" data-language-to-translate-into=\"en\" data-phrase-index=\"0\" data-number-of-phrases=\"1\">B\u00ean ngo\u00e0i v\u0103n ph\u00f2ng c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ty Matsushita l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u1ea5m b\u1ea3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1eafc tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e1, g\u1ed3m t\u00edn \u0111i\u1ec1u v\u00e0 m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng:<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px\"><span class=\"VIiyi\" lang=\"vi\"><span class=\"JLqJ4b\" data-language-for-alternatives=\"vi\" data-language-to-translate-into=\"en\" data-phrase-index=\"0\" data-number-of-phrases=\"1\">Nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c r\u00f5 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh v\u1edbi t\u01b0 c\u00e1ch l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i s\u1ebd c\u1ed1ng hi\u1ebfn h\u1ebft m\u00ecnh cho s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng kinh doanh c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 n\u00e2ng cao ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng tr\u00ean to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"VIiyi\" lang=\"vi\"><span class=\"JLqJ4b ChMk0b\" data-language-for-alternatives=\"vi\" data-language-to-translate-into=\"en\" data-phrase-index=\"0\" data-number-of-phrases=\"6\">M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u n\u00f3i c\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng l\u00e2u d\u00e0i nh\u1ea5t trong kinh doanh c\u1ee7a Matsushita th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n tri\u1ebft l\u00fd kinh doanh c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng l\u00e0: <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px\"><span class=\"VIiyi\" lang=\"vi\"><span class=\"JLqJ4b ChMk0b\" data-language-for-alternatives=\"vi\" data-language-to-translate-into=\"en\" data-phrase-index=\"0\" data-number-of-phrases=\"6\">N\u1ebfu ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn, \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta \u0111ang ph\u1ea1m m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i t\u1ed9i \u00e1c ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i. Ch\u00fang ta l\u1ea5y v\u1ed1n c\u1ee7a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, ch\u00fang ta l\u1ea5y ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ee7a n\u00f3, ch\u00fang ta l\u1ea5y nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a n\u00f3, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 <\/span><span class=\"JLqJ4b ChMk0b\" data-language-for-alternatives=\"vi\" data-language-to-translate-into=\"en\" data-phrase-index=\"1\" data-number-of-phrases=\"6\">l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn, ch\u00fang ta \u0111ang s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean qu\u00fd gi\u00e1 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n \u1edf nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i kh\u00e1c.<\/span> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"VIiyi\" lang=\"vi\"><span class=\"JLqJ4b\" data-language-for-alternatives=\"vi\" data-language-to-translate-into=\"en\" data-phrase-index=\"0\" data-number-of-phrases=\"1\">Tinh th\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a Matsushita l\u00e0 h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi v\u00e0 s\u1ed1ng ch\u00e1nh ni\u1ec7m, mindful, trong m\u1ecdi h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng, \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c \u0111\u00fang m\u1ecdi di\u1ec5n bi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi v\u00e0 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean. &#8220;Tinh th\u1ea7n h\u1ecdc l\u00e0 b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn t\u1edbi ph\u1ed3n vinh&#8221; l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u ch\u00e2m ng\u00f4n c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng.<br \/>\n<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span class=\"VIiyi\" lang=\"vi\"><span class=\"JLqJ4b ChMk0b\" data-language-for-alternatives=\"vi\" data-language-to-translate-into=\"en\" data-phrase-index=\"0\" data-number-of-phrases=\"4\">\u00d4ng gi\u00e0u c\u00f3, nh\u01b0ng quan ni\u1ec7m &#8220;S\u1edf h\u1eefu nh\u1eefng ti\u1ec7n nghi v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng c\u00e1ch n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac.<\/span> <span class=\"JLqJ4b ChMk0b\" data-language-for-alternatives=\"vi\" data-language-to-translate-into=\"en\" data-phrase-index=\"1\" data-number-of-phrases=\"4\">Ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 gi\u00e0u c\u00f3 v\u1ec1 tinh th\u1ea7n m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 mang l\u1ea1i h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac th\u1eadt l\u00e0 \u0111\u00edch th\u1ef1c&#8221;.\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>T\u1ea1i \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Stanford, \u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u00e0i tr\u1ee3 chi\u1ebfc gh\u1ebf gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 v\u1ec1 <em>International Strategy and Management, Chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf v\u00e0 Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd<\/em>.<\/p>\n<p><span class=\"VIiyi\" lang=\"vi\"><span class=\"JLqJ4b\" data-language-for-alternatives=\"vi\" data-language-to-translate-into=\"en\" data-phrase-index=\"0\" data-number-of-phrases=\"1\">Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i c\u1ea3m \u01a1n anh Nguy\u1ec5n S\u01a1n H\u00f9ng, Tokyo, \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 b\u00e0i gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u r\u1ea5t b\u1ed5 \u00edch d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng v\u1ec1 quan ni\u1ec7m l\u1ec5 c\u1ee7a Matsushita. N\u00f3 cho th\u1ea5y, \u00f4ng kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng d\u00e2n \u0111\u1ea7y tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m v\u1edbi x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng d\u00e2n ho\u00e0n v\u0169 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi v\u0103n h\u00f3a h\u00e0nh tinh hi\u1ec7n nay.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi d\u0129 nhi\u00ean, gi\u1edbi doanh nh\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u00f3 quan ni\u1ec7m g\u00ec v\u1ec1 L\u1ec5 v\u00e0 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n th\u1ebf n\u00e0o? L\u1ec5 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t nh\u00e2n t\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ec3 g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n n\u00e2ng cao gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb con ng\u01b0\u1eddi hay kh\u00f4ng?<\/p>\n<p>Xem th\u00eam <em>Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi kinh doanh h\u00f4m nay v\u00e0 tri\u1ebft l\u00fd c\u1ee7a Shibusawa Eiichi<\/em>:<\/p>\n<blockquote class=\"wp-embedded-content\" data-secret=\"PbEJ1KsDvG\"><p><a href=\"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/nguyenxuanxanh\/the-gioi-kinh-doanh-hom-nay-va-triet-ly-cua-shibusawa-eiichi\/\">Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi kinh doanh h\u00f4m nay v\u00e0 tri\u1ebft l\u00fd c\u1ee7a Shibusawa Eiichi<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><iframe class=\"wp-embedded-content\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" style=\"position: absolute; clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px);\" title=\"&#8220;Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi kinh doanh h\u00f4m nay v\u00e0 tri\u1ebft l\u00fd c\u1ee7a Shibusawa Eiichi&#8221; &#8212; B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec5n Xu\u00e2n Xanh\" src=\"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/nguyenxuanxanh\/the-gioi-kinh-doanh-hom-nay-va-triet-ly-cua-shibusawa-eiichi\/embed\/#?secret=PbEJ1KsDvG\" data-secret=\"PbEJ1KsDvG\" width=\"600\" height=\"338\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p>v\u00e0 <em>B\u00e0n v\u1ec1 L\u1ec5 (I)<\/em>:<\/p>\n<blockquote class=\"wp-embedded-content\" data-secret=\"NBvmG66HSR\"><p><a href=\"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/nguyenxuanxanh\/ban-ve-le-i\/\">B\u00e0n v\u1ec1 L\u1ec5 (I)<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><iframe class=\"wp-embedded-content\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" style=\"position: absolute; clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px);\" title=\"&#8220;B\u00e0n v\u1ec1 L\u1ec5 (I)&#8221; &#8212; B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec5n Xu\u00e2n Xanh\" src=\"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/nguyenxuanxanh\/ban-ve-le-i\/embed\/#?secret=NBvmG66HSR\" data-secret=\"NBvmG66HSR\" width=\"600\" height=\"338\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p>v\u00e0 <i>Th\u01b0 g\u1eedi Qu\u00fd nh\u00e0 gi\u00e0u Vi\u1ec7t Nam:<\/i><\/p>\n<blockquote class=\"wp-embedded-content\" data-secret=\"GwQUIjb147\"><p><a href=\"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/nguyenxuanxanh\/thu-gui-quy-nha-giau-viet-nam\/\">Th\u01b0 g\u1eedi Qu\u00fd nh\u00e0 gi\u00e0u Vi\u1ec7t Nam<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><iframe class=\"wp-embedded-content\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" style=\"position: absolute; clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px);\" title=\"&#8220;&lt;i&gt;Th\u01b0 g\u1eedi Qu\u00fd nh\u00e0 gi\u00e0u Vi\u1ec7t Nam&lt;\/i&gt;&#8221; &#8212; B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec5n Xu\u00e2n Xanh\" src=\"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/nguyenxuanxanh\/thu-gui-quy-nha-giau-viet-nam\/embed\/#?secret=GwQUIjb147\" data-secret=\"GwQUIjb147\" width=\"600\" height=\"338\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\">Nguy\u1ec5n Xu\u00e2n Xanh<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\">15. 2. 2022<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><strong><em><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;color: #000080\">L\u1eddi gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a d\u1ecbch gi\u1ea3 Nguy\u1ec5n S\u01a1n H\u00f9ng<\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>T\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ebfn nay t\u00f4i th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1eafc m\u1eafc t\u1ea1i sao Nho h\u1ecdc x\u1ebfp l\u1ec5 v\u00e0o h\u00e0ng th\u1ee9 2 sau nh\u00e2n trong 5 \u0111\u1ee9c t\u00ednh quan tr\u1ecdng: nh\u00e2n, l\u1ec5, ngh\u0129a, tr\u00ed, t\u00edn. \u0110\u1ecdc xong b\u00e0i n\u00e0y t\u00f4i r\u1ea5t th\u1ea5m th\u00eda t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a l\u1ec5. Quan \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u1ec1 l\u1ec5 c\u1ee7a t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 r\u1ea5t khoa h\u1ecdc, gi\u00fap ch\u00fang ta hi\u1ec3u t\u1ea1i sao vai tr\u00f2 <em>shitsuke<\/em>, tu th\u00e2n quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac, h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh v\u00e0 ph\u1ed3n vinh. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 d\u1ecbch gi\u1ea3 d\u1ecbch b\u00e0i n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ebfn qu\u00fd \u0111\u1ed9c gi\u1ea3.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;color: #000080\"><strong>S\u01a1 l\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ec1 t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 Matsushita K\u00f4nosuke<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>B\u1edfi v\u00ec qu\u00fd b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ecdc c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 xem chi ti\u1ebft ti\u1ec3u s\u1eed c\u1ee7a t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 Matsushita K\u00f4nosuke tr\u00ean Wikipedia ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t ho\u1eb7c ti\u1ebfng Anh n\u00ean \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y ng\u01b0\u1eddi vi\u1ebft ch\u1ec9 xin \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u v\u00e0i \u1ea5n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi vi\u1ebft d\u00e0nh cho t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3.<\/p>\n<p>\u00d4ng sinh n\u0103m 1894 m\u1ea5t n\u0103m 1989, th\u1ecd 86 tu\u1ed5i. Do cha \u00f4ng th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i trong vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 ch\u1ee9ng kho\u00e1ng v\u00e0 m\u1ea5t g\u1ea7n h\u1ebft t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n n\u00ean \u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ebfn l\u1edbp 4 b\u1eadc ti\u1ec3u h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 t\u1eeb 9 tu\u1ed5i ph\u1ea3i r\u1eddi qu\u00ea h\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u00ean th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 Osaka v\u1eeba l\u00e0m m\u01b0\u1edbn v\u1eeba h\u1ecdc ngh\u1ec1. Ngo\u00e0i ra, c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 \u00f4ng y\u1ebfu \u0111u\u1ed1i kh\u00f4ng kh\u1ecfe m\u1ea1nh nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng. Th\u1ebf m\u00e0 \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 s\u00e1ng l\u1eadp v\u00e0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng l\u00ean t\u1eadp \u0111o\u00e0n Matsushita, ti\u1ec1n th\u00e2n c\u1ee7a Panasonic ng\u00e0y nay, v\u00e0 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 thu nh\u1eadp cao nh\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc Nh\u1eadt 10 l\u1ea7n trong c\u00e1c n\u0103m 1955~1959, 1961~1963, 1968 v\u00e0 1984. Ng\u00e0y nay ng\u01b0\u1eddi Nh\u1eadt v\u1eabn c\u00f2n xem \u00f4ng l\u00e0 th\u00e1nh nh\u00e2n kinh doanh c\u1ee7a Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n.<\/p>\n<p>Ngo\u00e0i ra, \u00f4ng c\u00f2n s\u00e1ng l\u1eadp vi\u1ec7n nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u PHP \u0111\u1ec3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n s\u00e1ch v\u1edf v\u1edbi m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c v\u00e0 lu\u00e2n l\u00fd con ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ec3 truy t\u00ecm H\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac, H\u00f2a b\u00ecnh v\u00e0 Ph\u1ed3n vinh cho nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i. H\u01a1n n\u1eefa, \u00f4ng c\u00f2n quan ni\u1ec7m vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 kinh doanh c\u00f3\u00a0 t\u00e0i c\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ee9c l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n qu\u1ed1c gia n\u00ean \u00f4ng c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 s\u00e1ng l\u1eadp tr\u01b0\u1eddng Ch\u00ednh Kinh Matsushita v\u00e0 t\u1ef1 m\u00ecnh l\u00e0m hi\u1ec7u tr\u01b0\u1edfng trong 8 n\u0103m \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean.<\/p>\n<p>M\u1ed9t \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng l\u00e0 m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 \u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 h\u1ecdc \u1edf tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ebfn l\u1edbp 4 ti\u1ec3u h\u1ecdc nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i tr\u01b0\u1edbc t\u00e1c r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u s\u00e1ch. S\u00e1ch \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e1p nhi\u1ec1u g\u00fat m\u1eaft kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec3u c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi vi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 Nho h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 Ph\u1eadt h\u1ecdc. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi vi\u1ebft tin ch\u1eafc r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 do \u00f4ng t\u1ef1 h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0o th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf n\u00ean nh\u1eefng g\u00ec \u00f4ng vi\u1ebft r\u1ea5t c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 hi\u1ec3u. \u0110\u00f3 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi vi\u1ebft bi\u00ean d\u1ecbch \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ebfn qu\u00fd b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ecdc.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><span style=\"color: #000080\">Nguy\u1ec5n S\u01a1n H\u00f9ng<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><span class=\"the_copied_text\" style=\"font-size: 14pt\">\u2b50<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 14pt\"><span class=\"the_copied_text\">\u2b50<\/span><span class=\"the_copied_text\">\u2b50<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;color: #000080\"><em>L\u1ec5 l\u00e0 b\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi gia nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o sinh ho\u1ea1t v\u1ed1n t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t s\u1eb5n cho con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Nh\u1edd bi\u1ebft l\u1ec5, gi\u1eef g\u00ecn l\u1ec5 m\u00e0 tr\u1eadt t\u1ef1 sinh ho\u1ea1t con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c duy tr\u00ec v\u00e0 con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1edf ra.<\/em><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;color: #000080\"><em>\u00a0<\/em><em>L\u1ec5 c\u00f3 3 lo\u1ea1i. L\u1ec5 th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 l\u1ec5 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 c\u0103n nguy\u00ean l\u1ef1c. L\u1ec5 th\u1ee9 hai l\u00e0 l\u1ec5 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi. L\u1ec5 th\u1ee9 ba l\u00e0 l\u1ec5 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi v\u1eadt.<\/em><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;color: #000080\"><em>\u00a0<\/em><em>L\u1ec5 th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu trong t\u00edn ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng. L\u1ea5y l\u1ec5 th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0m c\u0103n b\u1ea3n th\u00ec l\u1ec5 th\u1ee9 hai, th\u1ee9 ba tr\u1edf n\u00ean r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng minh b\u1ea1ch. S\u1ebd ph\u1ed3n vinh, khi n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng sinh ho\u1ea1t con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1eb7t tr\u00ean 3 lo\u1ea1i l\u1ec5 n\u00e0y.<\/em><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em>\u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\">***<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;color: #000080\"><strong>L\u1ec5 c\u00f3 3 lo\u1ea1i: t\u00edn ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng, \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c v\u00e0 kinh t\u1ebf<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p>Trong x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i suy ngh\u0129, t\u00f4i ngh\u0129 \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i b\u00e0n l\u00e0 ch\u1eef l\u1ec5.<\/p>\n<p><em>Ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1edbi bi\u1ebft gi\u1eef l\u1ec5. Ngo\u00e0i con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, c\u00e1c sinh v\u1eadt kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 l\u1ec5<\/em>. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1eddi th\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00f3i \u201cB\u1ed3 c\u00e2u c\u00f3 l\u1ec5 tam chi\u201d <sup>(1)<\/sup> nh\u01b0ng t\u00f4i ngh\u0129 \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 th\u00f3i quen kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i \u00fd th\u1ee9c l\u1ec5 ph\u00e9p. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u00e1c nhau gi\u1eefa con ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt. Do \u0111\u00f3, t\u00f4i ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng <em>\u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00fang ngh\u0129a l\u00e0m ng\u01b0\u1eddi, ch\u00fang ta ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1eed l\u1ec5 \u0111\u1ed9 v\u1edbi nhau.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>T\u00f4i ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng t\u1eeb x\u01b0a, con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ec1 l\u1ec5, truy\u1ec1n mi\u1ec7ng c\u00e1c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 b\u1eaft ph\u1ea3i t\u1eadp luy\u1ec7n, th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh qua nhi\u1ec1u h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng l\u1ec5 nghi giao thi\u1ec7p, x\u00e3 giao, l\u1ec5 ph\u00e9p, ph\u00e9p l\u1ecbch s\u1ef1, c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n l\u01b0u t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ec3 \u00fd trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y c\u1ee7a Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n <sup>(2)<\/sup> ng\u00e0y nay t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng t\u1eeb c\u00e1c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 n\u00f3i tr\u00ean. Trong khi \u1edf Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n l\u1ec5 c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem tr\u1ecdng t\u1ea1i sao Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed9t nhi\u00ean tham gia v\u00e0o chi\u1ebfn tranh \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ea3i nh\u1eadn t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng \u0111au th\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a thua tr\u1eadn? Do \u0111\u00f3, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 quan \u0111i\u1ec3m cho r\u1eb1ng ph\u1ea3i ch\u0103ng Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n \u0111\u00e3 ch\u01b0a th\u1eadt s\u1ef1 t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ebfn n\u01a1i \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ed1n \u00fd ngh\u0129a c\u1ed9i ngu\u1ed3n c\u1ee7a l\u1ec5, ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u00e3 t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1ed9i ngu\u1ed3n nh\u01b0ng trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ea1t cho \u0111\u1eddi sau \u0111\u00e3 truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ea1t sai tr\u1eadt, \u0111\u1ec3 r\u1ed3i b\u1ecb tr\u00f3i bu\u1ed9c g\u00f3i ch\u1eb7t trong m\u1ed9t khu\u00f4n kh\u1ed5 c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh, r\u1ed1t cu\u1ed9c \u00fd ngh\u0129a ch\u00e2n th\u1eadt c\u1ee7a l\u1ec5 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u00fang v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh quan ni\u1ec7m chung, t\u1eadp qu\u00e1n, th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0y nay? V\u1edbi \u00fd ngh\u0129a n\u00e0y, \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y t\u00f4i xin \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea5y l\u1ec5 l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e0i v\u00e0 xem x\u00e9t th\u1eed.<\/p>\n<p><em>L\u1ec5 l\u00e0 g\u00ec? \u0110\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n m\u00e0 n\u00f3i, t\u00f4i ngh\u0129 l\u1ec5 l\u00e0 th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1ecf l\u00f2ng bi\u1ebft \u01a1n v\u00e0 l\u00f2ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng y\u00eau k\u00ednh tr\u1ecdng (k\u00ednh \u00e1i) v\u1edbi t\u00e2m t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean <sup>(3)<\/sup> (ho\u1eb7c t\u00e2m b\u1ea9m sinh) c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng. N\u1ebfu n\u00f3i ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c h\u01a1n th\u00ec l\u1ec5 l\u00e0 th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 s\u1ed1ng thu\u1eadn theo tr\u1eadt t\u1ef1 (ho\u1eb7c ch\u00e2n l\u00fd) c\u1ee7a v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 <sup>(4)<\/sup>.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>\u00a0\u00a0 <\/em>Tr\u1eadt t\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a v\u0169 tr\u1ee5, c\u00e1i m\u00e0 t\u00f4i g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 tr\u1eadt t\u1ef1 th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t, l\u00e0 l\u00fd <sup>(5) <\/sup>c\u1ee7a tr\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea5t t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean, l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1o m\u00e0 l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 c\u0103n nguy\u00ean (t\u00f4i ngh\u0129 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 xem l\u00e0 th\u1ea7n) <sup>(6) <\/sup>\u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ec9 th\u1ecb cho con ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 v\u1ea1n v\u1eadt. Th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 s\u1ed1ng thu\u1eadn theo l\u00fd c\u1ee7a t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 c\u0103n nguy\u00ean l\u1ef1c l\u00e0 l\u1ec5. T\u00f4i ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng t\u1eeb tr\u1eadt t\u1ef1 v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 m\u00e0 tr\u1eadt t\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac v\u00e0 tr\u1eadt t\u1ef1 n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 tr\u1eadt t\u1ef1 th\u1ee9 2, so v\u1edbi tr\u1eadt t\u1ef1 th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t n\u00f3i tr\u00ean. Tr\u1eadt t\u1ef1 th\u1ee9 2 l\u00e0 tr\u1eadt t\u1ef1 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 trong x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i hi\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. <em>T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i, th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 s\u1ed1ng thu\u1eadn theo l\u00fd c\u1ee7a tr\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea5t t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean<sup> (5)<\/sup> l\u00e0 l\u1ec5, v\u00e0 l\u1ec5 n\u00e0y l\u00e0 c\u0103n nguy\u00ean (g\u1ed1c ban \u0111\u1ea7u, c\u1ed9i ngu\u1ed3n) tr\u1eadt t\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. T\u00f4i ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng n\u1ebfu theo l\u1ec5 n\u00e0y m\u00e0 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u00ec con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh s\u1ebd m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>\u00a0<\/em><em>\u00a0 <img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-7339 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/rosetta.vn\/nguyenxuanxanh\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/6\/2022\/02\/Picture1.png?resize=669%2C270&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" width=\"669\" height=\"270\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/rosetta.vn\/nguyenxuanxanh\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/6\/2022\/02\/Picture1.png?resize=300%2C121&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/rosetta.vn\/nguyenxuanxanh\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/6\/2022\/02\/Picture1.png?resize=768%2C310&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/rosetta.vn\/nguyenxuanxanh\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/6\/2022\/02\/Picture1.png?w=880&amp;ssl=1 880w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 669px) 100vw, 669px\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\" \/><\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>\u00a0<\/em><em>\u00a0<\/em> H\u00ecnh tr\u00ean ch\u1ec9 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 c\u0103n nguy\u00ean l\u1ef1c <sup>(6)<\/sup> v\u00e0 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. G\u1ed3m c\u00f3 3 lo\u1ea1i quan h\u1ec7: \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng (quan h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi) sinh m\u1ec7nh l\u1ef1c, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng (quan h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi) quy lu\u1eadt t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean m\u1eb7t tinh th\u1ea7n, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng (quan h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi) quy lu\u1eadt t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean m\u1eb7t v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 s\u1ed1ng thu\u1eadn theo tr\u1eadt t\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a v\u0169 tr\u1ee5<sup> (5) <\/sup>g\u1ed3m c\u00f3 3 lo\u1ea1i, v\u00e0 3 lo\u1ea1i l\u1ec5 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Quan h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi sinh m\u1ec7nh l\u1ef1c. Ngh\u0129a l\u00e0, l\u00f2ng bi\u1ebft \u01a1n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 c\u0103n nguy\u00ean l\u1ef1c<sup> (6)<\/sup>.<\/li>\n<li>Quan h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi quy lu\u1eadt t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean m\u1eb7t tinh th\u1ea7n. Ngh\u0129a l\u00e0, ni\u1ec1m vui, th\u01b0\u01a1ng y\u00eau k\u00ednh tr\u1ecdng (k\u00ednh \u00e1i) \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft, c\u1ea3m th\u00f4ng gi\u1eefa ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/li>\n<li>Quan h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi quy lu\u1eadt t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean m\u1eb7t v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t. Ngh\u0129a l\u00e0, l\u00f2ng t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ecdi v\u1eadt (v\u1ea1n v\u1eadt ngo\u00e0i con ng\u01b0\u1eddi).<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><em>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Lo\u1ea1i l\u1ec5 th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 v\u1edbi t\u00e2m t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean <sup>(3)<\/sup> c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n l\u00f2ng bi\u1ebft \u01a1n v\u00e0 k\u00ednh tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 c\u0103n nguy\u00ean l\u1ef1c<sup> (6)<\/sup>; c\u1ea3m t\u1ea1 v\u00e0 c\u1ea7u nguy\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi l\u1ef1c c\u0103n b\u1ea3n \u0111\u00e3 s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o ra con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, v\u1ea1n v\u1eadt v\u00e0 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9. Lo\u1ea1i l\u1ec5 n\u00e0y l\u00e0 t\u00edn ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng, l\u00e0 t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o. <\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>\u00a0\u00a0 Lo\u1ea1i l\u1ec5 th\u1ee9 hai l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, y\u00eau th\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 k\u00ednh tr\u1ecdng l\u1eabn nhau v\u1edbi t\u00e2m t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean <sup>(3) <\/sup>c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. Lo\u1ea1i l\u1ec5 n\u00e0y l\u00e0 nh\u00e2n lu\u00e2n <sup>(7)<\/sup>, l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>\u00a0\u00a0 Lo\u1ea1i l\u1ec5 th\u1ee9 ba l\u00e0 l\u00f2ng t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng m\u1ecdi v\u1eadt v\u1edbi t\u00e2m t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean <sup>(3) <\/sup>c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi ph\u00e1t huy \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a m\u1ecdi v\u1eadt v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch tr\u00e2n tr\u1ecdng. Lo\u1ea1i l\u1ec5 n\u00e0y l\u00e0 kinh t\u1ebf.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;color: #000080\"><strong>V\u0169 tr\u1ee5 c\u0103n nguy\u00ean l\u1ef1c <\/strong><sup>(6) <\/sup><strong>l\u00e0 c\u1ed1 h\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><em>\u00a0\u00a0 \u0110\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ra ph\u1ed3n vinh ch\u00e2n th\u1eadt con ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i bi\u1ebft r\u00f5 b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 s\u1ed1ng th\u00edch h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 h\u00f3a, ph\u00e1t huy b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t n\u00e0y.<\/em> \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y v\u1eabn \u0111\u00fang nh\u01b0 t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp. Nh\u01b0ng th\u1eadt ra c\u0103n b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 s\u1ed1ng ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 l\u1ec5. V\u00e0 t\u00f4i ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1eabn t\u1edbi ph\u1ed3n vinh b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb l\u1ec5.Trong \u00fd ngh\u0129a n\u00e0y, t\u00f4i ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng <em>vi\u1ec7c nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c \u0111\u00fang b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ebfn n\u01a1i \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ed1n v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c l\u1ec5 c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o m\u1edbi \u0111\u00fang v\u00e0 th\u00edch h\u1ee3p.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>\u00a0<\/em>\u00a0 N\u1ebfu nh\u01b0 ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng con ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u0169ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 ch\u00f3, nh\u01b0 kh\u1ec9, th\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng nhi\u00ean c\u00e1ch s\u1ed1ng x\u1ee9ng \u0111\u00e1ng l\u00e0m ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e1t sinh ra. Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c t\u1ed3i t\u1ec7 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady nh\u01b0ng n\u1ebfu c\u00f3 nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c ho\u1eb7c hi\u1ec3u sai l\u1ea7m v\u1ec1 b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, t\u00f4i ngh\u0129 l\u00e0 th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 s\u1ed1ng c\u0169ng t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean ti\u1ebfn theo con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ea7m l\u1ee1.<\/p>\n<p>\u0110\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft \u0111\u00fang b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t con ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i xem x\u00e9t t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sinh ra t\u1eeb \u0111\u00e2u, ho\u1eb7c c\u1ed1 h\u01b0\u01a1ng, g\u1ed1c g\u00e1c c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u? Hi\u1ec3n nhi\u00ean l\u00e0 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1u do cha m\u1eb9 sinh ra. Cha m\u1eb9 n\u00e0y do cha m\u1eb9 \u0111\u1eddi tr\u01b0\u1edbc sinh ra. C\u1ee9 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c tra c\u1ee9u t\u1edbi s\u1ebd t\u00ecm \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1ee7y t\u1ed5 <sup>(8)<\/sup> c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>\n<p>Nh\u01b0ng n\u1ebfu h\u1ecfi th\u1ee7y t\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi do ai t\u1ea1o ra \u0111\u00e2y th\u00ec t\u00f4i ngh\u0129 ph\u1ea3i n\u00f3i l\u00e0 l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 c\u0103n nguy\u00ean<sup> (6), (9)<\/sup>. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady th\u00ec th\u1ee7y t\u1ed5 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi li\u00ean quan v\u1edbi v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 c\u0103n nguy\u00ean l\u1ef1c. N\u00f3i li\u00ean quan l\u00e0 c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a r\u1eb1ng v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 c\u0103n nguy\u00ean l\u1ef1c l\u00e0 c\u1ed1 h\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 sinh th\u00e0nh ra con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. T\u00f4i ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh n\u00e0y. H\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh m\u00e0 m\u1ecdi con ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u00fang ta c\u00f9ng nhau li\u00ean quan v\u1edbi v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 c\u0103n nguy\u00ean l\u1ef1c th\u00f4ng qua cha m\u1eb9 v\u00e0 t\u1ed5 ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta.<\/p>\n<p>Thuy\u1ebft ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a cho r\u1eb1ng h\u00e0ng v\u1ea1n n\u0103m v\u1ec1 tr\u01b0\u1edbc con ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0 lo\u00e0i kh\u1ec9 v\u00e0 t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a d\u1ea7n th\u00e0nh lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Thuy\u1ebft ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 xem nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch nh\u00ecn, m\u1ed9t quan \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a h\u1ecdc thu\u1eadt nh\u01b0ng b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n t\u00f4i, t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t t\u01b0 duy ngh\u00e8o n\u00e0n cho r\u1eb1ng lo\u00e0i kh\u1ec9 l\u00e0 t\u1ed5 ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta. <em>Con ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u l\u00e0 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, ng\u1ef1a t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u l\u00e0 ng\u1ef1a, v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed9t nhi\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sinh ra m\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh b\u1edfi l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 c\u0103n nguy\u00ean, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n c\u00f3 quan h\u1ec7, n\u1ed1i k\u1ebft li\u00ean quan l\u1eabn nhau th\u00f4ng qua t\u1ed5 ti\u00ean t\u1eeb \u0111\u1eddi n\u00e0y sang \u0111\u1eddi kh\u00e1c.<\/em> V\u00e0 <em>c\u1ed1 h\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u00fang ta l\u00e0 v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 c\u0103n nguy\u00ean l\u1ef1c. T\u00f4i ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" id=\"img-5c25e504a310d9126fdbf268\" class=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/img2.chinadaily.com.cn\/images\/201812\/28\/5c25e504a310d9126fdbf268.jpeg?resize=654%2C382&#038;ssl=1\" width=\"654\" height=\"382\" data-from=\"newsroom\" data-mimetype=\"image\/jpeg\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;padding-left: 40px\">\u0110\u1eb7ng Ti\u1ec3u B\u00ecnh b\u1eaft tay Konosuke Matsushita t\u1ea1i x\u01b0\u1edfng ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o m\u00e1y truy\u1ec1n h\u00ecnh Panasonic \u1edf\u00a0 Osaka, n\u0103m1978. &#8220;T\u00f4i s\u1ebd l\u00e0m t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap ng\u00e0i&#8221;, Matsushita n\u00f3i v\u1edbi \u0110\u1eb7ng. Courtesy of Panasonic Corporation<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt\"><strong>L\u1ec5 th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t \u2013 T\u00edn ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p>Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 k\u1ebf ti\u1ebfp l\u00e0 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng g\u00ec, v\u00e0 n\u1ed9i dung kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u00f3 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o? \u0110i\u1ec1u gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch \u1edf tr\u00ean kh\u00f4ng gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n cho con ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00e0 c\u1ea3 b\u00f2 c\u1ea3 ng\u1ef1a \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u00e1t sinh ra t\u1eeb l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 c\u0103n nguy\u00ean. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady con ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt kh\u00e1c nhau \u1edf ch\u1ed7 n\u00e0o? Con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 c\u0103n nguy\u00ean l\u1ef1c ban ph\u00fa cho <em>sinh m\u1ec7nh \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m ng\u01b0\u1edd<\/em>i. N\u00f3i l\u00e0 <em>s\u1ee9 m\u1ec7nh s\u1ed1ng l\u00e0m ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/em> l\u00e0 b\u1edfi v\u00ec trong t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 sinh v\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 c\u0103n nguy\u00ean l\u1ef1c ban ph\u00fa cho sinh m\u1ec7nh, <em>s\u1ee9 m\u1ec7nh s\u1ed1ng l\u00e0m ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0 sinh m\u1ec7nh v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i nh\u1ea5t,<\/em> <em>v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u0169ng c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ban ph\u00fa cho m\u1ed9t s\u1ee9c l\u1ef1c, m\u1ed9t kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i l\u00fd, ng\u01b0\u1eddi thay m\u1eb7t cho v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 c\u0103n nguy\u00ean l\u1ef1c.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>N\u1ebfu g\u1ecdi v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 c\u0103n nguy\u00ean l\u1ef1c b\u1eb1ng t\u00ean kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 th\u1ea7n, t\u00f4i ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra \u0111\u1ec3 t\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u01b0ng cho th\u1ea7n, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ea7n ban ph\u00fa m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i sinh m\u1ec7nh \u0111\u1ec3 thay m\u1eb7t th\u1ea7n x\u1eed l\u00fd ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh v\u00e0 v\u1ea1n v\u1eadt. C\u00e1ch suy ngh\u0129 n\u00e0y l\u00e0 quan ni\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i v\u1ec1 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Do \u0111\u00f3 t\u00f4i ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng <em>con ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1ed1n d\u0129 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 vi\u1ec7c phi\u1ec1n n\u00e3o, kh\u1ed1n kh\u1ed5, l\u00fac sinh ra l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ea7n ban ph\u00fa cho ph\u1ed3n vinh, h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh v\u00e0 h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac, \u0111\u00e2y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh\u00a0 sinh m\u1ec7nh l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, l\u00e0 b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>N\u00f3i m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c con ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1ed1n d\u0129 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ban ph\u00fa cho m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i sinh m\u1ec7nh l\u1ef1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 v\u1eadn doanh cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac, h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh v\u00e0 ph\u1ed3n vinh, v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e2y m\u1edbi l\u00e0 h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng ch\u00e2n th\u1eadt c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Tuy nhi\u00ean, <em>trong hi\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea3i n\u00f3i l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, t\u00f4i ngh\u0129 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 b\u1edfi v\u00ec m\u1ed7i con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e3 qu\u00ean m\u1ea5t ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t con ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i \u1edf tr\u00ean. T\u00f4i ngh\u0129 c\u0169ng v\u00ec l\u00fd do n\u00e0y n\u00ean c\u00f2n nhi\u1ec1u chuy\u1ec7n b\u1ea5t h\u1ea1nh s\u1ebd x\u1ea3y ra cho con ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>B\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sinh ra v\u1edbi h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac, h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh v\u00e0 ph\u1ed3n vinh. \u0110\u1ec3 cho \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng, con ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft t\u1ef1 nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t n\u00e0y, v\u00e0 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 h\u00f3a n\u00f3 trong th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 s\u1ed1ng, v\u00e0 l\u1ec5 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb c\u0103n b\u1ea3n n\u00e0y. Ngh\u0129a l\u00e0, l\u1ec5 l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac, h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh v\u00e0 ph\u1ed3n vinh. <\/em><\/p>\n<p>T\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 t\u00f4i ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng <em>tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft bi\u1ebft l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 c\u0103n nguy\u00ean v\u00e0 d\u00e2ng l\u00ean l\u00f2ng c\u1ea3m \u01a1n v\u00e0 c\u1ea7u nguy\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi l\u1ef1c l\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i l\u1ec5 th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t.<\/em> C\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 bi\u1ebft li\u00ean quan, k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i gi\u1eefa con ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 c\u0103n nguy\u00ean l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1edf \u0111\u00f3 v\u00e0 d\u00e2ng l\u00ean l\u00f2ng c\u1ea7u nguy\u1ec7n, bi\u1ebft \u01a1n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 c\u0103n nguy\u00ean l\u1ef1c ban ph\u00fa cho con ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac, h\u00f2a\u00a0 b\u00ecnh v\u00e0 ph\u1ed3n vinh nh\u01b0 sinh m\u1ec7nh l\u1ef1c. Vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m n\u00e0y l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i l\u1ec5 th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n<p>V\u00e0 t\u00f4i ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng lo\u1ea1i l\u1ec5 th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t n\u00e0y l\u00e0 l\u00f2ng t\u00edn ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean (b\u1ea9m sinh), t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 tinh th\u1ea7n an t\u00e2m l\u1eadp m\u1ec7nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ed3i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng, ni\u1ec1m vui trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng d\u00e2ng tr\u00e0o l\u00ean.<\/p>\n<p>T\u00f4i ngh\u0129 t\u00edn ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 g\u00ec kh\u00e1c h\u01a1n \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00f3i tr\u00ean. N\u1ebfu c\u00f3 n\u1ed9i dung kh\u00e1c th\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 do l\u00f2ng m\u00ea t\u00edn t\u1ea1o ra. T\u00f4i ngh\u0129 t\u00edn ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o, Kit\u00f4 gi\u00e1o k\u1ebft cu\u1ed9c c\u0169ng \u0111\u1eb7t ti\u00eau \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00e0o n\u1ed9i dung n\u00f3i tr\u00ean.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><img decoding=\"async\" id=\"imgBlkFront\" class=\"a-dynamic-image image-stretch-vertical frontImage\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/images-na.ssl-images-amazon.com\/images\/I\/51-vBA-sUkL._SX352_BO1,204,203,200_.jpg?w=1140&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"\" data-a-dynamic-image=\"{&quot;https:\/\/images-na.ssl-images-amazon.com\/images\/I\/51-vBA-sUkL._SY344_BO1,204,203,200_.jpg&quot;:[246,346],&quot;https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/images-na.ssl-images-amazon.com\/images\/I\/51-vBA-sUkL._SX352_BO1,204,203,200_.jpg?w=1140&#038;ssl=1&quot;:[354,499]}\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;padding-left: 40px\">&#8220;Con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng&#8221;, m\u1ed9t trong h\u01a1n b\u1ed1n ch\u1ee5c quy\u1ec3n s\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a Matsushita K\u00f4nosuke, \u0111\u00e3 b\u00e1n tr\u00ean 4 tri\u1ec7u b\u1ea3n (c\u00f3 b\u1ea3n ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t)<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt\"><strong>L\u1ec5 th\u1ee9 hai \u2013 \u0110\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><em>Lo\u1ea1i l\u1ec5 th\u1ee9 hai l\u00e0 l\u1ec5 c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi, l\u00e0 giao ti\u1ebfp, \u1ee9ng x\u1eed l\u1eabn nhau b\u1eb1ng y\u00eau th\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 t\u00f4n k\u00ednh.<\/em> B\u1edfi v\u00ec nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y \u1edf ph\u1ea7n tr\u00ean, <em>b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u1edf m\u1ed7i con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, sinh m\u1ec7nh l\u1ef1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ban ph\u00fa t\u1eeb v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 c\u0103n nguy\u00ean l\u1ef1c v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t kh\u00e1c nhau nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 c\u00f9ng chung m\u1ed9t s\u1ee9 m\u1ec7nh l\u00e0 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac, h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh v\u00e0 ph\u1ed3n vinh<\/em>. <em>Do \u0111\u00f3, con ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn nh\u00e2n c\u00e1ch l\u1eabn nhau, c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh v\u00e0 c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi, hi\u1ec7p l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 l\u1eabn nhau \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ed1ng. <\/em><\/p>\n<p><em>\u00a0Ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 th\u1eadt ra xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t t\u1eeb \u0111\u00e2y. Ch\u00ednh do vi\u1ec7c con ng\u01b0\u1eddi hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft, t\u00f4n k\u00ednh v\u00e0 gi\u1eef l\u1ec5 l\u1eabn nhau m\u00e0 th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n. <\/em><\/p>\n<p>Tuy nhi\u00ean<em>, lo\u1ea1i l\u1ec5 th\u1ee9 hai n\u00f3i \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u00e2n lu\u00e2n <sup>(7)<\/sup> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t sinh d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean t\u00edn ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1eadp tr\u00ean n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng c\u1ee7a t\u00edn ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng, t\u00f4i ngh\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c b\u1eaft ngu\u1ed3n t\u1eeb t\u00edn ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng n\u00e0y l\u00e0 b\u1ea5t bi\u1ebfn, kh\u00f4ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i theo th\u1eddi gian. <\/em>N\u00f3i \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c kh\u00f4ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i theo th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i, \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng nhi\u00ean s\u1ebd c\u00f3 \u00fd ki\u1ebfn ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i \u201cKh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i v\u1eady. \u0110\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c thay \u0111\u1ed5i theo t\u00ecnh th\u1ebf x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i\u201d. Thuy\u1ebft n\u00e0y nh\u1ea5t th\u1eddi c\u0169ng h\u1ee3p l\u00fd.<\/p>\n<p>Th\u00ed d\u1ee5 thu\u1edf x\u01b0a tu\u1eabn ti\u1ebft, \u0111\u00e2m b\u1ee5ng ch\u1ebft theo ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 m\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ee9c v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1n d\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u00e0 h\u00e0nh vi t\u1ecf b\u00e0y l\u00f2ng trung ti\u1ebft. Tuy nhi\u00ean ng\u00e0y nay kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n ai ph\u1ee5c t\u00f9ng theo. Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 \u00e1c \u0111\u1ee9c, l\u00e0 xem th\u01b0\u1eddng sinh m\u1ec7nh. T\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng n\u00e0y d\u1ec5 \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng l\u00e0 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c thay \u0111\u1ed5i theo th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i. Tuy nhi\u00ean \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n thay \u0111\u1ed5i, ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i ch\u00ednh vi\u1ec7c t\u00e1n t\u1ee5ng tu\u1eabn ti\u1ebft l\u00e0 sai l\u1ea1c; ch\u1eb3ng qua l\u00e0 th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed5i thay th\u00f4i. T\u00f4i ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n l\u00e0 b\u1edfi v\u00ec b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1eafm r\u00f5 n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn sai l\u1ea1c \u1edf c\u01a1 s\u1edf l\u00fd lu\u1eadn c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c.<\/p>\n<p>N\u1ebfu lo\u1ea1i l\u1ec5 th\u1ee9 hai \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t sinh ho\u1eb7c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh t\u1eeb lo\u1ea1i l\u1ec5 th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t th\u00ec tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 b\u1ea5t bi\u1ebfn. Tuy nhi\u00ean, th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n lo\u1ea1i l\u1ec5 th\u1ee9 hai s\u1ebd ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 theo th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eb9p h\u01a1n. Ngo\u00e0i ra, theo ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a v\u0103n h\u00f3a, th\u00ed d\u1ee5 m\u00e1y bay tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n \u0111i l\u1ea1i h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y th\u00ec c\u00f3 l\u1ebd s\u1ebd c\u00f3 h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c m\u1edbi c\u1ee7a l\u1ec5. Nh\u01b0ng trong b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0o, <em>n\u1ebfu l\u0129nh h\u1ed9i \u0111\u00fang quan ni\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o c\u01a1 s\u1edf l\u00fd lu\u1eadn \u0111\u00e3 l\u1ea5y lo\u1ea1i l\u1ec5 th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0m c\u0103n b\u1ea3n th\u00ec d\u00f9 th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9, h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a lo\u1ea1i l\u1ec5 th\u1ee9 hai c\u00f3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i nh\u01b0ng ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i kh\u00f4ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i. <\/em><\/p>\n<p>Lo\u1ea1i l\u1ec5 th\u1ee9 hai l\u00e0 l\u1ec5 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Do \u0111\u00f3, lo\u1ea1i l\u1ec5 n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111ang c\u00f2n s\u1ed1ng m\u00e0 c\u00f2n bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 l\u1ec5 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 m\u1ea5t. T\u00f4i ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c s\u00f9ng b\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u1ed5 ti\u00ean, ti\u1ec1n nh\u00e2n ho\u1eb7c l\u1ec5 b\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ph\u1eadt Th\u00edch Ca, ch\u00faa Gi\u00easu, t\u1ea1 \u01a1n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t minh v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i nh\u01b0 Thomas Alva Edison \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem nh\u01b0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m,v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bao g\u1ed3m trong lo\u1ea1i l\u1ec5 th\u1ee9 hai.<\/p>\n<p>Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y, t\u00f4i ngh\u0129 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 l\u00e0 l\u1ec5 ph\u00e9p, l\u1ec5 ngh\u0129a, l\u1ec5 b\u00e1i, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c. B\u1ea3n th\u00e2n t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n c\u1ed1 ch\u1ea5p, c\u01b0\u1ee1ng ch\u1ebf v\u00e0o khu\u00f4n kh\u1ed5, h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c. Ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng ngh\u0129 \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng g\u00f2 b\u00f3 theo m\u1ed9t h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 h\u00e0nh vi t\u1ea1 \u01a1n. C\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi cho r\u1eb1ng ch\u1ea5p 2 b\u00e0n tay l\u00e0 bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n t\u00f4n k\u00ednh, c\u0169ng c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00f3i l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i qu\u1ef3 g\u1ed1i m\u1edbi \u0111\u00fang. C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c kh\u00e1c nhau nh\u01b0ng b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c n\u00e0o n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 l\u00f2ng ch\u00ed th\u00e0nh bi\u1ebft \u01a1n v\u00e0 l\u00f2ng t\u00edn ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng kh\u00f4ng n\u1ea3y m\u1ea7m t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 th\u00ec \u00fd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a l\u1ec5, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 tinh th\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a l\u1ec5 kh\u00f4ng<em> s\u1ed1ng d\u1eady<\/em>. B\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c g\u00ec n\u1ebfu c\u00f3 l\u00f2ng t\u00edn ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng n\u1ea3y m\u1ea7m trong \u0111\u00f3 th\u00ec \u0111\u1ee7 l\u00e0 c\u0103n b\u1ea3n cho lo\u1ea1i l\u1ec5 th\u1ee9 hai. T\u00f4i ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01a1n thu\u1ea7n th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n cho \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a l\u1ec5 m\u00e0 t\u00e2m c\u0103n<sup> (10)<\/sup> l\u00fac th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n l\u1ec5 m\u1edbi th\u1eadt s\u1ef1 l\u00e0 quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><img decoding=\"async\" id=\"img-5c25e504a310d9126fdbf279\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/img2.chinadaily.com.cn\/images\/201812\/28\/5c25e504a310d9126fdbf279.png?w=1140&#038;ssl=1\" data-from=\"newsroom\" data-mimetype=\"image\/png\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\">Matsushita K\u00f4nosuke \u0111i xe \u0111\u1ea1p t\u1ea1i x\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111i\u1ec7n Matsushita.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\">Courtesy of Panasonic Corporation<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt\"><strong>L\u1ec5 th\u1ee9 ba \u2013 Kinh t\u1ebf<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p>Lo\u1ea1i l\u1ec5 th\u1ee9 ba l\u00e0 l\u1ec5 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi v\u1eadt<sup> (11)<\/sup>, l\u1ec5 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean. Nh\u01b0ng ch\u1eafc s\u1ebd c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00f3i \u201c\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi v\u1eadt th\u00ec c\u1ea7n g\u00ec ph\u1ea3i b\u00e0y t\u1ecf c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c tinh th\u1ea7n\u201d. Nh\u01b0ng t\u00f4i ngh\u0129 ch\u00fang ta ai c\u0169ng c\u00f3 \u00fd ni\u1ec7m bi\u1ebft \u01a1n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed, n\u01b0\u1edbc, m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi, v\u00e0 c\u0169ng c\u00f3 l\u00f2ng y\u00eau m\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt, l\u00f2ng tr\u00e2n tr\u1ecdng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5, m\u00e1y m\u00f3c. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 l\u1ec5 n\u00f3i \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y. Lo\u1ea1i l\u1ec5 n\u00e0y c\u0169ng ph\u00e1t sinh ra t\u1eeb g\u1ed1c r\u1ec5, c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a lo\u1ea1i l\u1ec5 th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t. Ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 v\u1eadt c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 c\u0103n nguy\u00ean l\u1ef1c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh v\u00e0 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh. C\u00e2y c\u1ecf, th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt sinh tr\u01b0\u1edfng nhanh ch\u00f3ng l\u00e0 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 c\u0103n nguy\u00ean l\u1ef1c nu\u00f4i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng v\u1ea1n v\u1eadt. Vi\u1ec7c bi\u1ebft \u01a1n s\u1ef1 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt kh\u00f4ng kh\u00e1c g\u00ec v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 c\u0103n nguy\u00ean l\u1ef1c. Trong \u00fd ngh\u0129a n\u00e0y, m\u1ecdi con ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i c\u00f9ng nhau bi\u1ebft \u01a1n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi v\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ban ph\u00fa, v\u00e0 c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i bi\u1ebft gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 s\u1ee9 m\u1ec7nh m\u00e0 v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 c\u0103n nguy\u00ean l\u1ef1c \u0111\u00e3 giao ph\u00f3 cho v\u1eadt \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t huy \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng hay ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 ch\u00fang. D\u00f9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i t\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ef1ng tr\u00e0 nh\u01b0ng th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9, phong c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ea5t kh\u00e1c nhau t\u00f9y theo c\u00f3 t\u1ea5m l\u00f2ng n\u00f3i tr\u00ean hay kh\u00f4ng. N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u1ea5m l\u00f2ng t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed3 v\u1eadt t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean s\u1ebd s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u1ea9u th\u1ea3 v\u00e0 ch\u1eafc s\u1ebd nhanh ch\u00f3ng l\u00e0m b\u1ec3 v\u1ee1. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 h\u00e0nh vi kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e1t huy \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ee9 m\u1ec7nh c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt th\u1ec3 m\u00e0 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh c\u00e1i g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 <em>s\u00e1t sinh<\/em>.<\/p>\n<p>Trong qu\u00fd v\u1ecb t\u00f4i ngh\u0129 ch\u1eafc c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ecdc qua, trong ti\u1ec3u thuy\u1ebft \u201cShinsho Taik\u00f4ki\u201d (T\u00e2n th\u01b0 Th\u00e1i C\u00e1p K\u00fd) c\u1ee7a Yoshikawa Eiji (C\u00e1t Xuy\u00ean Anh Tr\u1ecb) c\u00f3 vi\u1ebft chuy\u1ec7n sau \u0111\u00e2y. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc gi\u1edd ph\u00fat l\u00e2m chung tu\u1eabn ti\u1ebft \u1edf th\u00e0nh Sakamoto, Akichi Samanosuke Mitsuharu <sup>(12) <\/sup>\u0111\u00e3 trao l\u1ea1i cho v\u00f5 t\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ecbch t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng th\u00e0nh l\u00e0 Hori Kenmotsu (Qu\u1eadt Gi\u00e1m V\u1eadt) c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed3 v\u1eadt c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i l\u00e0 gia b\u1ea3o c\u1ee7a Akichi Mitsuhide (Minh Tr\u00ed Quang T\u00fa) g\u1ed3m c\u00f3 m\u1eb7c t\u00edch <sup>(13)<\/sup>, \u1ea5m \u0111un n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a H\u01b0 \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng<sup> (14)<\/sup>, ch\u00e9n tr\u00e0 <sup>(15)<\/sup> \u0111\u1eb7c s\u1ea3n, thanh ki\u1ebfm d\u00e0i v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ed3 v\u1eadt kh\u00e1c v\u00e0 n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng \u201cN\u1ebfu \u0111\u00e3 thua cu\u1ed9c, c\u1ea3 thi\u00ean h\u1ea1 c\u00f2n ph\u1ea3i v\u00e0o tay ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1eafng th\u1eddi k\u1ebf ti\u1ebfp hu\u1ed1ng h\u1ed3 g\u00ec m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 u\u1ed1ng tr\u00e0, danh ki\u1ebfm th\u00ec c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00fd g\u00ec. Nh\u01b0ng t\u00f4i ngh\u0129 l\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1eadt qu\u00fd gi\u00e1 c\u00f3 sinh m\u1ec7nh c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang, n\u00ean ch\u00fang c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3 v\u1eadt c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00ean c\u00f3, nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3 v\u1eadt s\u1edf h\u1eefu c\u1ee7a ri\u00eang t\u00f4i. T\u00f4i tin ch\u00fang l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3 chung c\u1ee7a thi\u00ean h\u1ea1, l\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1eadt \u0111\u1eddi n\u00e0y sang \u0111\u1eddi kh\u00e1c. \u0110\u1eddi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ng\u1eafn ng\u1ee7i nh\u01b0ng t\u00f4i c\u1ea7u mong sinh m\u1ec7nh c\u1ee7a d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5, b\u1ea3o v\u1eadt c\u00f3 danh ti\u1ebfng k\u1ebf t\u1ee5c l\u00e2u d\u00e0i \u0111\u1eddi \u0111\u1eddi. \u0110\u1ec3 ch\u00fang b\u1ecb ch\u00e1y trong l\u1eeda l\u00e0 t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a qu\u1ed1c gia, v\u00e0 s\u1ebd b\u1ecb h\u1eadu th\u1ebf than tr\u00e1ch cho l\u00e0 v\u00f4 t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a k\u1ebb v\u00f5 bi\u1ec1n. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00fd do t\u00f4i ph\u00f3 th\u00e1c ch\u00fang l\u1ea1i cho ng\u00e0i\u201d.<\/p>\n<p>\u0110o\u1ea1n v\u0103n n\u00e0y th\u1eadt s\u1ef1 bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n r\u1ea5t r\u00f5 th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 gi\u1eef l\u1ec5 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed3 v\u1eadt c\u1ee7a Mitsuharu, tr\u00e0n \u0111\u1ea7y nh\u00e2n c\u00e1ch tr\u00e2n tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed3 v\u1eadt c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng.<\/p>\n<p><em>Ph\u1ea7n tr\u00ean l\u00e0 n\u1ed9i dung t\u00f4i c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i n\u00f3i <sup>(16) <\/sup>v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch suy ngh\u0129 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a l\u1ec5. Cho \u0111\u1ebfn nay, n\u1ebfu n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn l\u1ec5 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta ch\u1ec9 ngh\u0129 \u0111\u1ebfn quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Do \u0111\u00f3, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i tinh th\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a l\u1ec5 hay n\u00f3i kh\u00e1c \u0111i l\u00e0 c\u01a1 s\u1edf l\u00fd lu\u1eadn \u0111\u1ec3 suy ngh\u0129 xem x\u00e9t v\u1ec1 l\u1ec5 c\u00f3 khuynh h\u01b0\u1edbng b\u1ecb qu\u00ean l\u00e3ng v\u00e0 b\u1ecb r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c, g\u00f2 b\u00f3 v\u00e0o ph\u1ea7n h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 l\u00fd do m\u00e0 t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00e0o s\u00e2u \u00fd ngh\u0129a c\u1ed9i ngu\u1ed3n c\u1ee7a l\u1ec5.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><strong><span style=\"color: #000080\">Nguy\u1ec5n S\u01a1n H\u00f9ng<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\">8\/1\/2021<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>(*) <strong>Ngu\u1ed3n:<\/strong> \u201c\u00dd ngh\u0129a c\u1ed9i ngu\u1ed3n c\u1ee7a L\u1ec5\u201d trong s\u00e1ch \u201cTri\u1ebft h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a Matsushita K\u00f4nosuke\u201d, c\u01a1 quan ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh: Vi\u1ec7n nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u PHP, n\u0103m 2002, trang 136~147.\u00a0 B\u00e0i th\u1ee9 29 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u0103ng v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 5 n\u0103m 1950 trong nguy\u1ec7t san c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7n nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u PHP trong 40 b\u00e0i \u201cL\u1eddi ng\u1ecf c\u1ee7a PHP\u201d sau \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p th\u00e0nh s\u00e1ch v\u1edbi t\u1ef1a \u201cL\u1eddi ng\u1ecf c\u1ee7a PHP\u201d xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n n\u0103m 1953, c\u1ea3i bi\u00ean n\u0103m 1975, v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2002 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u00ean so\u1ea1n l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n v\u1edbi t\u1ef1a m\u1edbi l\u00e0 \u201cTri\u1ebft h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a Matsushita K\u00f4nosuke\u201d. Sau \u0111\u00f3 s\u00e1ch n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1i b\u1ea3n v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2009. Phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1ecbch l\u00e0 phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n n\u0103m 2002.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Ghi ch\u00fa<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>(1) B\u1ed3 c\u00e2u con th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1eadu ph\u00eda d\u01b0\u1edbi cha m\u1eb9 ch\u00fang c\u00e1ch 3 nh\u00e1nh c\u00e2y n\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi Nh\u1eadt th\u01b0\u1eddng gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch ngay c\u1ea3 b\u1ed3 c\u00e2u c\u00f2n bi\u1ebft gi\u1eef l\u1ec5 ph\u00e9p \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea5ng sinh th\u00e0nh.<\/p>\n<p>(2) Nguy\u00ean v\u0103n l\u00e0 \u201cch\u00fang ta\u201d nh\u01b0ng \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y d\u1ecbch l\u00e0 Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 \u0111\u1ecdc.<\/p>\n<p>(3) T\u00e2m t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean (nguy\u00ean v\u0103n l\u00e0 sunao na kokoro) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m tri\u1ebft h\u1ecdc quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a Matsushita K\u00f4nosuke, ngh\u0129a g\u1ed1c g\u1ea7n gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 \u201cch\u00e2n t\u00e2m\u201d, \u201ct\u00e2m b\u1ea9m sinh\u201d, \u201ct\u00e2m v\u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m\u201d nh\u01b0ng h\u00e0m ch\u1ee9a nhi\u1ec1u \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng kh\u00e1c n\u00ean \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y t\u1ea1m d\u1ecbch l\u00e0 \u201ct\u00e2m t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean\u201d \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t. T\u00e2m t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 \u201cph\u1eadt t\u00e1nh\u201d c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt h\u1ecdc, \u201ct\u00e2m b\u1ea5t sinh\u201d c\u1ee7a thi\u1ec1n s\u01b0 Bankei Eitaku (B\u00e0n Khu\u00ea V\u0129nh Tr\u00e1c, 1622~1693), \u201cl\u01b0\u01a1ng tri\u201d c\u1ee7a V\u01b0\u01a1ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng Minh (1472-1528). M\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ee9c t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng v\u1ecb k\u1ef7, bi\u1ebft l\u1eafng nghe \u00fd ki\u1ebfn ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c, khoan dung, nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y th\u1eadt t\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 v\u1eadt, hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ea1o l\u00fd c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 vi\u1ec7c, hi\u1ebfu h\u1ecdc, thung dung t\u1ef1 t\u1ea1i, \u0111i\u1ec1m t\u0129nh, bi\u1ebft gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb s\u1ef1 v\u1eadt, b\u00e1c \u00e1i (Theo \u201c\u0110\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e2m t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean\u201d, Matsushita K\u00f4nosuke (2004, 2006), Vi\u1ec7n nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u PHP).<\/p>\n<p>(4) T\u1eeb ng\u1eef \u201cv\u0169 tr\u1ee5\u201d c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi lo\u1ea1i l\u1ec5 gi\u1eefa con ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1edbi nhau ho\u1eb7c l\u1ec5 c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed3 v\u1eadt nh\u01b0ng n\u1ebfu ch\u00fang ta ngh\u0129 \u201cs\u1ed1ng thu\u1eadn h\u1ee3p theo quy lu\u1eadt t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean ho\u1eb7c quy lu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a t\u1ea1o h\u00f3a\u201d th\u00ec s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng h\u1ee3p l\u00fd n\u1eefa b\u1edfi v\u00ec quy lu\u1eadt t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean c\u00f3 t\u00ednh khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 kh\u00e1ch quan, v\u00e0 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed1i kh\u00e1ng l\u1ea1i m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n<p>(5) D\u1ecbch gi\u1ea3 cho r\u1eb1ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u l\u00e0 \u201cquy lu\u1eadt t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean\u201d. Ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u201cl\u1ec5 l\u00e0 s\u1ed1ng thu\u1eadn theo quy lu\u1eadt t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean\u201d, r\u1ea5t khoa h\u1ecdc. V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 kh\u00f3 l\u00e0 bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u00e1i g\u00ec l\u00e0 quy lu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean.<\/p>\n<p>(6) D\u1ecbch gi\u1ea3 ngh\u0129 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 xem l\u00e0 \u201ch\u00f3a c\u00f4ng\u201d ho\u1eb7c \u201c\u0111\u1ea5ng t\u1ea1o h\u00f3a\u201d.<\/p>\n<p>(7) Nh\u00e2n lu\u00e2n: lu\u00e2n l\u00fd con ng\u01b0\u1eddi; quan h\u1ec7 v\u00e0 tr\u1eadt t\u1ef1 gi\u1eefa ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>\n<p>(8) Th\u1ee7y t\u1ed5: \u00f4ng t\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean.<\/p>\n<p>(9) D\u1ecbch gi\u1ea3 ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng n\u1ebfu n\u00f3i ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c \u201cl\u1ef1c\u201d l\u00e0 s\u1ee9c th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 sinh ra, n\u00ean n\u00f3i l\u00e0 v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 c\u0103n nguy\u00ean sinh ra l\u00e0 h\u1ee3p l\u00fd h\u01a1n. Tuy nhi\u00ean, \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y c\u00f3 l\u1ebd t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 mu\u1ed1n n\u00f3i nh\u1edd s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh, nh\u1edd l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 c\u0103n nguy\u00ean m\u00e0 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sinh th\u00e0nh. C\u00f3 c\u0103n nguy\u00ean nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ee9c, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n<p>(10) T\u00e2m c\u0103n: \u0111\u00e1y l\u00f2ng, ch\u00e2n t\u00ecnh, b\u1ea3n t\u00ednh.<\/p>\n<p>(11) V\u1eadt: \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y ch\u1ec9 m\u1ecdi v\u1eadt ngo\u00e0i con ng\u01b0\u1eddi g\u1ed3m \u0111\u1ed3 v\u1eadt, sinh v\u1eadt, v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n<p>(12) Akichi Samanosuke Mitsuharu (Minh Tr\u00ed T\u1ea3 M\u1ea3 Chi Tr\u1ee3 Quang Xu\u00e2n, 1536 ?~1582). T\u00ean n\u00e0y gh\u00e9p l\u1ea1i 2 t\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 d\u00f9ng. Ngo\u00e0i c\u00f2n c\u00f3 t\u00ean l\u00e0 Mitsuhide (Quang M\u00e3n). L\u00e0 tr\u1ecdng th\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a Akichi Hidemitsu.<\/p>\n<p>(13) M\u1eb7c t\u00edch: b\u00fat t\u00edch vi\u1ebft b\u1eb1ng m\u1ef1c \u0111en v\u00e0 b\u00fat l\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c cao t\u0103ng thi\u1ec1n t\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n<p>(14) H\u01b0 \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 H\u01b0 \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng Tr\u00ed Ngu (1185~1269): cao t\u0103ng c\u1ee7a thi\u1ec1n t\u00f4ng L\u00e2m T\u1ebf \u0111\u1eddi Nam T\u1ed1ng. C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u thi\u1ec1n t\u0103ng theo h\u1ecdc trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 Nampo Sh\u00f4myo (Nam Ph\u1ed5 Thi\u1ec7u Minh, 1235~1309 ) k\u1ebf th\u1eeba ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y \u0111em v\u1ec1 Nh\u1eadt. Sau \u0111\u00f3 do 2 t\u00f4ng ph\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea1i \u0110\u1ee9c T\u1ef1 v\u00e0 Di\u1ec7u T\u00e2m T\u1ef1 truy\u1ec1n l\u1ea1i cho \u0111\u1ebfn nay. Tr\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1o c\u00f3 quan h\u1ec7 m\u1eadt thi\u1ebft v\u1edbi thi\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a m\u00f4n ph\u00e1i \u0110\u1ea1i \u0110\u1ee9c T\u1ef1 v\u00e0 m\u1eb7c t\u00edch c\u1ee7a thi\u1ec1n s\u01b0 H\u01b0 \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00e2n tr\u1ecdng trong gi\u1edbi tr\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1o.<\/p>\n<p>(15) Ch\u00e9n tr\u00e0 d\u00f9ng trong tr\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1o.<\/p>\n<p>(16) Theo c\u00e1ch n\u00f3i n\u00e0y c\u00f3 l\u1ebd \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 n\u1ed9i dung c\u1ee7a b\u00e0i n\u00f3i chuy\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 n\u00ean trong c\u00f3 v\u00e0i \u0111o\u1ea1n c\u00f3 khuynh h\u01b0\u1edbng nh\u1eafc \u0111i nh\u1eafc l\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u00dd NGH\u0128A C\u1ed8I NGU\u1ed2N C\u1ee6A L\u1ec4 L\u00c0 G\u00cc? Matsushita K\u00f4nosuke (*) Nh\u00e0 s\u00e1ng l\u1eadp Panasonic Ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u1ecbch : Nguy\u1ec5n S\u01a1n H\u00f9ng &nbsp; \u00a0 \u00a0Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u00ean l\u1ec5 trong \u1ee9ng x\u1eed h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft l\u1ec5 l\u00e0 khi\u1ebfm nh\u00e3, h\u1ea1 c\u1ea5p. Matsushita K\u00f4nosuke &nbsp; Matsushita K\u00f4nosuke (1894-1989) L\u1eddi n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ea7u Ti\u1ebfp theo b\u00e0i B\u00e0n v\u1ec1<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_mi_skip_tracking":false,"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/nguyenxuanxanh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7335"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/nguyenxuanxanh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/nguyenxuanxanh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/nguyenxuanxanh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/nguyenxuanxanh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7335"}],"version-history":[{"count":20,"href":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/nguyenxuanxanh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7335\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7357,"href":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/nguyenxuanxanh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7335\/revisions\/7357"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/nguyenxuanxanh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7335"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/nguyenxuanxanh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7335"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/nguyenxuanxanh\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7335"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}