{"id":1555,"date":"2019-01-07T09:19:45","date_gmt":"2019-01-07T08:19:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/short\/?p=1555"},"modified":"2019-01-07T09:33:03","modified_gmt":"2019-01-07T08:33:03","slug":"toan-tinh-cua-trung-quoc-khi-khong-dua-quan-vao-campuchia","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/short\/2019\/01\/07\/toan-tinh-cua-trung-quoc-khi-khong-dua-quan-vao-campuchia\/","title":{"rendered":"Toan t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c khi kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0a qu\u00e2n v\u00e0o Campuchia"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"itemIntroText\">\n<blockquote>\n<h2 class=\"itemTitle\">T\u01b0 li\u1ec7u nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn chi\u1ebfn tranh bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi ph\u00eda b\u1eafc Vi\u1ec7t Nam n\u0103m 1979<\/h2>\n<\/blockquote>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<blockquote><p><span class=\"itemAuthor\">MAI HOA<\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<blockquote><p>Ch\u1ee7 nh\u1eadt, 06 Th\u00e1ng 1 2019 17:59<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<blockquote><p>Ng\u00e0y 16-1-1979, \u1ee6y vi\u00ean B\u1ed9 Ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, B\u00ed th\u01b0 Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u1ea3ng c\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n Trung Qu\u1ed1c, Ph\u00f3 Th\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng C\u1ea3nh Ti\u00eau \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ecdc m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3n b\u00e1o c\u00e1o n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9, ph\u00e2n t\u00edch t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 b\u1ea3n B\u00e1o c\u00e1o tuy\u1ec7t m\u1eadt v\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ph\u00e1t bi\u1ec3u, C\u1ea3nh Ti\u00eau \u0111\u00e3 d\u1eb7n d\u00f2 k\u1ef9 c\u1eed t\u1ecda: \u201cB\u00e0i n\u00f3i chuy\u1ec7n h\u00f4m nay s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n ph\u00e1t cho c\u00e1c c\u1ea5p d\u01b0\u1edbi nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t v\u0103n ki\u1ec7n ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng. C\u00f3 nh\u1eefng n\u1ed9i dung c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1eef b\u00ed m\u1eadt. Ngo\u00e0i vi\u1ec7c l\u01b0u h\u00e0nh b\u00e0i n\u00f3i chuy\u1ec7n n\u00e0y t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c C\u1ee5c, V\u1ee5 v\u00e0 \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb th\u00edch h\u1ee3p, c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed3ng ch\u00ed c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00f3m t\u1eaft tinh th\u1ea7n ch\u00ednh v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m quan tr\u1ecdng. C\u00f2n v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ea1t tin t\u1ee9c nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o v\u00e0 c\u1ea7n truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn C\u1ee5c, V\u1ee5 v\u00e0 \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb n\u00e0o, c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed3ng ch\u00ed s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o sau cu\u1ed9c h\u1ecdp n\u00e0y\u201d [1].<br \/>\nB\u1ea3n B\u00e1o c\u00e1o c\u1ee7a C\u1ea3nh Ti\u00eau c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u n\u1ed9i dung li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng t\u00ednh to\u00e1n c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c v\u1ec1 chi\u1ebfn tranh bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi th\u00e1ng 2-1979. D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y, xin t\u00f3m l\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00fd do Trung Qu\u1ed1c kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0a qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ebfn Campuchia khi Vi\u00ea\u0323t Nam gi\u00fap nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n Campuchia l\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed5 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 Polpot.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"itemFullText\">\n<blockquote><p>Ng\u00e0y 4-11-1978, \u1ee6y vi\u00ean B\u1ed9 Ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb \u0110\u1ea3ng c\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n Trung Qu\u1ed1c U\u00f4ng \u0110\u00f4ng H\u01b0ng sang th\u0103m Campuchia. \u0110\u00f3n ti\u1ebfp v\u00e0 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u00e0m v\u1edbi U\u00f4ng \u0110\u00f4ng H\u01b0ng, Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Campuchia \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u01b0a qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i t\u1edbi Campuchia gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i Vi\u00ea\u0323t Nam. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb \u0111\u00f3, C\u1ea3nh Ti\u00eau cho bi\u1ebft Ch\u00ednh \u1ee7y H\u1ea3i qu\u00e2n T\u00f4 Ch\u1ea5n Hoa (Su Zhenghua) g\u1ee3i \u00fd \u201cn\u00ean ph\u00e1i m\u1ed9t ph\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a h\u1ea1m \u0111\u1ed9i \u0110\u00f4ng H\u1ea3i t\u1edbi Campuchia \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap h\u1ecd b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 v\u00f9ng bi\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd ho\u1eb7c ph\u00e1i m\u1ed9t h\u1ea1m \u0111\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ec3 vi\u1ebfng th\u0103m\u201d [2], c\u00f2n T\u01b0 l\u1ec7nh Qu\u00e2n Khu Qu\u1ea3ng Ch\u00e2u H\u1ee9a Th\u1ebf H\u1eefu (Xu Shiyou) \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb \u201c\u0111\u01b0a qu\u00e2n t\u1edbi Qu\u1ea3ng T\u00e2y \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1eed ph\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng Vi\u00ea\u0323t Nam\u201d [3]. Tuy nhi\u00ean, sau khi c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc, Ban Ch\u1ea5p h\u00e0nh Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u1ea3ng c\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e3 b\u00e1c b\u1ecf c\u1ea3 hai g\u1ee3i \u00fd n\u00f3i tr\u00ean v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00ednh n\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn Campuchia. C\u1ea3nh Ti\u00eau l\u00fd gi\u1ea3i 4 l\u00fd do c\u1ee7a quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u00f3 nh\u01b0 sau:<br \/>\n\u201c1- N\u01b0\u1edbc ta l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t n\u01b0\u1edbc x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a, ch\u00fang ta ch\u01b0a bao gi\u1edd \u0111\u01b0a qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i, m\u00e1y bay, hay t\u00e0u chi\u1ebfn t\u1edbi m\u1ed9t n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0o kh\u00e1c v\u00e0 c\u0169ng ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i vi\u1ec7c nh\u1eefng n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00e1c l\u00e0m nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf. Tuy ng\u00e0y nay ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd \u0111\u1ec3 M\u1ef9 duy tr\u00ec m\u1ed9t l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 trong khu v\u1ef1c Ch\u00e2u \u00c1 &#8211; Th\u00e1i B\u00ecnh D\u01b0\u01a1ng, \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a r\u1eb1ng ch\u00fang ta th\u00f4ng c\u1ea3m v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i M\u1ef9 \u1edf l\u1ea1i Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n, Philippin c\u00f9ng nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i kh\u00e1c, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3ng qu\u00e2n hay x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u0103n c\u1ee9 qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 tr\u00ean l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5 n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00e1c. Ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 qu\u00ean b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c M\u1ef9 v\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a b\u00e1 quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9 ch\u1ec9 v\u00ec ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng ho\u00e1 quan h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi M\u1ef9. Ch\u00fang ta kh\u00e1c M\u1ef9 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u. N\u1ebfu ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u01b0a qu\u00e2n sang Campuchia, ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd vi ph\u1ea1m nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc \u0111\u00f3 v\u00e0 h\u01a1n n\u1eefa s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t \u1ea5n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00f4ng t\u1ed1t tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0110\u00f4ng Nam \u00c1 c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00e1c tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. Ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 kh\u00f4ng x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t ch\u1ed1ng b\u00e1 quy\u1ec1n b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111o\u00e0n k\u1ebft v\u1edbi c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi th\u1ee9 ba, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n s\u1ebd tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t n\u01b0\u1edbc b\u00e1 quy\u1ec1n m\u1edbi. M\u1ed9t sai l\u1ea7m l\u1edbn nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf th\u1eadt kh\u00f3 m\u00e0 s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<br \/>\n2- Ng\u00e0y nay ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, b\u1ea5t k\u1ec3 h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u00edch ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 Polpot hay kh\u00f4ng, v\u1eabn c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn Campuchia d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 v\u00e0 \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 l\u1eadp tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1eafn c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch l\u00ean \u00e1n Vi\u1ec7t Nam l\u00e0 x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c. B\u1edfi v\u00ec h\u1ecd nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 qu\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u1edf Campuchia m\u00e0 th\u00f4i. N\u1ebfu binh s\u0129 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta c\u0169ng c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t \u1edf \u0111\u00f3, t\u00ecnh th\u1ebf s\u1ebd kh\u00e1c \u0111i. \u00cdt nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng ch\u00ed Tr\u1ea7n S\u1edf c\u0169ng s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t bi\u1ec3u m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n t\u1ef1 tin \u1edf Li\u00ean H\u1ee3p Qu\u1ed1c; \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i ra tr\u01b0\u1edbc to\u00e0 \u00e1n v\u00e0 b\u1ecb ch\u1ea5t v\u1ea5n. \u0110\u00e1nh m\u1ea5t uy t\u00edn trong m\u1ed9t t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf th\u00ec t\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng t\u1ed1t, nh\u01b0ng nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n c\u1ea3 l\u00e0 Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u00f9ng b\u1ecdn b\u00f9 nh\u00ecn c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u1eafm l\u1ea5y c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i ph\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u1ea3n c\u00f4ng, \u0111\u1ea3o ng\u01b0\u1ee3c cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c ban \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch t\u1ed1 c\u00e1o ch\u00fang ta can thi\u1ec7p v\u00e0o c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00e1c. \u0110\u1ebfn l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 Trung Qu\u1ed1c s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 Campuchia m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd. Nh\u01b0ng n\u1ebfu t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh hi\u1ec7n nay kh\u00f4ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i, th\u00ec to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 s\u1ef1 \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta cho Campuchia l\u00e0 chi vi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ea5u tranh ch\u00ednh ngh\u0129a ch\u1ed1ng s\u1ef1 x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i. R\u00f5 r\u00e0ng l\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00fang.<br \/>\n3- Do \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ecba l\u00fd, b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, kinh t\u1ebf v\u00e0 t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p kh\u00e1c, n\u00ean n\u1ebfu Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u01b0a qu\u00e2n v\u00e0o Campuchia s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 n\u00e0o d\u00f9ng chi\u1ebfn tranh ch\u1edbp nho\u00e1ng theo ki\u1ec3u H\u00edt-le \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 trong v\u00f2ng v\u00e0i ba th\u00e1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 kinh nghi\u1ec7m cay \u0111\u1eafng trong v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y v\u00e0 c\u00f3 l\u1ebd \u0111\u00e3 hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3. Chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u \u1edf \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng qu\u1ea3 th\u1eadt l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n. Qu\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u00e3 ti\u1ebfn v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t b\u00e3i l\u1ea7y nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u1ecd s\u1ebd sa l\u1ea7y, n\u1ebfu ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u01b0a qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i t\u1edbi \u0111\u00f3, ch\u00fang ta c\u0169ng s\u1ebd sa l\u1ea7y v\u00e0 kh\u00f3 n\u00f3i tr\u01b0\u1edbc k\u1ebft c\u1ee5c. Hi\u1ec7n nay, ch\u00fang ta ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ee7 m\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh ti\u00eau hao nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, tr\u1eeb khi t\u1eeb b\u1ecf b\u1ed1n hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i ho\u00e1 hay \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eb5n c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n kinh t\u1ebf v\u00e0 s\u1ee9c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t nh\u01b0 Hoa K\u1ef3, Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n. Kh\u00f4ng \u0111em qu\u00e2n t\u1edbi Campuchia c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i cho ch\u00fang ta v\u1ec1 m\u1ecdi m\u1eb7t; \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi, \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t d\u1ecbp r\u00e8n luy\u1ec7n cho \u0110\u1ea3ng c\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n Campuchia. V\u1edbi s\u1ef1 \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta, v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c ng\u01b0\u1eddi Campuchia quy\u1ebft t\u00e2m, tin t\u01b0\u1edfng, d\u00e1m \u0111\u1ea5u tranh c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 bi\u1ebft c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ea5u tranh, Li\u00ean X\u00f4 v\u00e0 Vi\u1ec7t Nam s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng g\u1eb7p may.<br \/>\n4- N\u1ebfu c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed3ng ch\u00ed ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng Vi\u1ec7t Nam d\u00e1m x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c Campuchia v\u00ec h\u1ecd bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng \u0111em qu\u00e2n chi vi\u1ec7n Campuchia th\u00ec c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed3ng ch\u00ed kh\u00f4ng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n \u0111\u00fang. Th\u1eadt ra, Li\u00ean X\u00f4 mong mu\u1ed1n ch\u00fang ta \u0111em qu\u00e2n t\u1edbi Campuchia. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi Vi\u1ec7t Nam, Vi\u00ea\u0323t Nam mu\u1ed1n s\u1ef1 t\u00e0n ph\u00e1 di\u1ec5n ra \u1edf Campuchia ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi Li\u00ean X\u00f4, h\u1ec5 Trung Qu\u1ed1c tham gia chi\u1ebfn tranh l\u00e0 h\u1ecd s\u1ebd nhanh ch\u00f3ng t\u1ea1o ra nh\u1eefng lu\u1ed3ng d\u01b0 lu\u1eadn th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi t\u1ed1 c\u00e1o ch\u00fang ta; \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi, c\u00f4ng khai chi vi\u1ec7n Vi\u1ec7t Nam chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00f9ng. Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u0169ng ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t khi ch\u00fang ta d\u00ednh l\u00edu v\u00e0o Campuchia, h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 do ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh chi\u1ebfn tranh \u1edf c\u1ea3 hai ph\u00eda, c\u00f2n \u1edf trong n\u01b0\u1edbc, h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u00eam c\u1edb \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed9ng vi\u00ean nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u01a1n n\u1eefa cho cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh n\u00e0y. Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u00e0 Li\u00ean x\u00f4 \u0111\u00e3 l\u1eadp ra m\u1ed9t k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch v\u1edbi m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eaft l\u00e0 g\u00e2y tr\u1edf ng\u1ea1i cho vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i ho\u00e1 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta. H\u1ecd c\u0169ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n l\u00e0 n\u1ebfu qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i Trung Qu\u1ed1c xung \u0111\u1ed9t tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u00e0 g\u00e2y ra chi\u1ebfn tranh tr\u00ean l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5 Vi\u1ec7t Nam, th\u00ec theo Hi\u1ec7p \u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e3 k\u00fd gi\u1eefa Li\u00ean X\u00f4 v\u00e0 Vi\u1ec7t Nam, Li\u00ean X\u00f4 s\u1ebd c\u00f3 l\u00fd do \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111em qu\u00e2n t\u1edbi bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi ph\u00eda B\u1eafc n\u01b0\u1edbc ta, c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi qu\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t Nam t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea3 hai ph\u00eda. L\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc M\u1ef9, c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc T\u00e2y \u00c2u v\u00e0 Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n s\u1ebd n\u00f3i Vi\u1ec7t Nam hay l\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta \u0111ang ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c Campuchia. Campuchia ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t n\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1ecf, c\u00f3 di\u1ec7n t\u00edch b\u1eb1ng B\u1eafc Kinh v\u00e0 s\u1ed1 d\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng B\u1eafc Kinh, song nh\u1eefng g\u00ec di\u1ec5n ra \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan t\u1edbi r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf. M\u1ed9t chuy\u1ec3n bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ecf trong m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1edbi t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh to\u00e0n c\u1ee5c\u201d [4].<br \/>\nTi\u1ebfp \u0111\u00f3, C\u1ea3nh Ti\u00eau nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh th\u00eam: \u201cCh\u00fang ta ph\u1ea3i h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c th\u1eadn tr\u1ecdng, n\u1ebfu ch\u00fang ta tham gia chi\u1ebfn tranh v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh m\u1ed9t tr\u1eadn th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i ch\u1ed1ng Li\u00ean X\u00f4 th\u00ec d\u0129 nhi\u00ean nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n ta s\u1ebd r\u1ea5t h\u00e0i l\u00f2ng. Song nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 c\u00f2n hy v\u1ecdng nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng v\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0, cho vay v\u00e0 m\u1ecdi lo\u1ea1i vi\u1ec7n tr\u1ee3 kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9, c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc Ch\u00e2u \u00c2u v\u00e0 Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n cho b\u1ed1n hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i ho\u00e1 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta hay kh\u00f4ng? \u0110\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 s\u1ee3 tham gia chi\u1ebfn tranh hay kh\u00f4ng, m\u00e0 l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc c\u00e1i l\u1ee3i c\u00e1i h\u1ea1i\u201d [5]. C\u1ea3nh Ti\u00eau k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn: \u201cV\u1ec1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y, quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta g\u1ed3m ba \u0111i\u1ec1u : l &#8211; Ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng \u0111em qu\u00e2n t\u1edbi Campuchia ; 2 &#8211; Ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng vi\u1ec7n tr\u1ee3 cho Campuchia; 3 &#8211; Ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd chi vi\u1ec7n Campuchia chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00f9ng\u201d [6].<br \/>\nC\u0169ng trong b\u1ea3n B\u00e1o c\u00e1o n\u00e0y, C\u1ea3nh Ti\u00eau th\u1eeba nh\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng, d\u00f9 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0a qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i t\u1edbi Campuchia, song t\u1ea1i th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00f3, Trung Qu\u1ed1c c\u00f3 kho\u1ea3ng h\u01a1n 1.500 chuy\u00ean gia qu\u00e2n, d\u00e2n s\u1ef1 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1i \u0111\u00f3. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi Trung Qu\u1ed1c kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0m c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u00e0 c\u00f2n \u201ctr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp gi\u00fap nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n Campuchia chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u tr\u00ean c\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1eddng\u201d [7]. C\u1ea3nh Ti\u00eau cho bi\u1ebft th\u00eam m\u1ed9t th\u00f4ng tin: Tr\u01b0\u1edbc nguy c\u01a1 chi\u1ebfn tranh gi\u1eefa Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u00e0 Campuchia, th\u00e1ng 12-1978, B\u1ed9 Ngo\u1ea1i giao Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e3 th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o cho \u0110\u1ea1i s\u1ee9 T\u00f4n H\u1ea1o t\u1ea1i Campuchia v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng tham gia cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh n\u00e0y; \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi, ra l\u1ec7nh cho t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean Trung Qu\u1ed1c r\u1eddi \u0111i t\u1eebng nh\u00f3m m\u1ed9t, song do t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ed9t ng\u1ed9t, n\u00ean nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng k\u1ecbp \u0111i kh\u1ecfi Campuchia. S\u1ed1 b\u1ecb m\u1eafc k\u1eb9t n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 \u201ct\u1ef1 nguy\u1ec7n t\u1eeb b\u1ecf qu\u1ed1c t\u1ecbch Trung Qu\u1ed1c, l\u1ea5y qu\u1ed1c t\u1ecbch Campuchia\u201d v\u00e0 \u201ct\u00ecnh nguy\u1ec7n tham gia cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh c\u1ee9u n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u1ed1ng Vi\u1ec7t Nam\u201d [8].<br \/>\nC\u1ea3nh Ti\u00eau nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh \u0111i, nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh l\u1ea1i \u201cs\u1ef1 t\u1ef1 nguy\u1ec7n\u201d, \u201ct\u00ecnh nguy\u1ec7n\u201d c\u1ee7a chuy\u00ean gia Trung Qu\u1ed1c khi quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch r\u1eb1ng, Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u201ckh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u00e1ch n\u00e0o c\u1ea5m h\u1ecd l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00f3, v\u00ec th\u1ebf, s\u1ef1 vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb coi l\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng\u201d v\u00e0 \u201cvi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch sinh \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 t\u1ed1 c\u00e1o sai tr\u00e1i c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e3 tham gia cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh n\u00e0y\u201d [9].<br \/>\nV\u1ec1 th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 Polpot v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c Vi\u00ea\u0323t Nam \u0111\u01b0a qu\u00e2n v\u00e0o Campuchia, cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng C\u1ea3nh Ti\u00eau \u0111i \u0111\u1ebfn ba k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn:<br \/>\n\u201c1- Ch\u00fang ta ph\u1ea3i ki\u00ean quy\u1ebft ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Campuchia d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7. \u0110\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5 qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 tho\u00e1i th\u00e1c, n\u00f3 c\u00f2n c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ho\u00e0 b\u00ecnh v\u00e0 an ninh tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. N\u1ebfu nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 khi\u00eau kh\u00edch c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a b\u00e1 quy\u1ec1n kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb ph\u1ea3n k\u00edch m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd th\u00ec c\u00e1c th\u1ebf l\u1ef1c ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1ebd c\u00e0ng tr\u1edf n\u00ean ngang ng\u01b0\u1ee3c\u201d [10].<br \/>\n\u201c2- \u0110\u1ea3ng c\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n Campuchia l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3ng anh em c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta v\u00e0 nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n Campuchia l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n Trung Qu\u1ed1c. Cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ea5u tranh c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd l\u00e0 cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ea5u tranh c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta, th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd l\u00e0 th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta. Trong gi\u1edd ph\u00fat kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n n\u00e0y, ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd ki\u00ean quy\u1ebft l\u00e0m h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c m\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 chi vi\u1ec7n cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u ch\u1ed1ng Vi\u1ec7t c\u1ee9u n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. Ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 h\u1ecd chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00f9ng, b\u1ea5t k\u1ec3 l\u00e2u d\u00e0i \u0111\u1ebfn bao nhi\u00eau v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3 gi\u00e1 cao \u0111\u1ebfn bao nhi\u00eau\u201d [11].<br \/>\n\u201c3- To\u00e0n \u0110\u1ea3ng, to\u00e0n qu\u00e2n v\u00e0 to\u00e0n d\u00e2n ph\u1ea3i s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u00f3 v\u1edbi hai t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng: Ngo\u00e0i vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m t\u1ed1t c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kinh t\u1ebf, c\u00f2n ph\u1ea3i chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb chi\u1ebfn tranh. C\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \u0110\u1ea3ng \u1edf m\u1ecdi c\u1ea5p ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t ch\u00fa \u00fd n\u1eafm v\u1eefngc\u00f4ng t\u00e1c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd kinh t\u1ebf l\u1eabn c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 (\u2026). Ch\u00fang ta c\u0169ng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n tin t\u01b0\u1edfng r\u1eb1ng to\u00e0n \u0110\u1ea3ng, to\u00e0n qu\u00e2n, to\u00e0n d\u00e2n s\u1ebd \u0111o\u00e0n k\u1ebft, th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh \u0111u\u1ed5i h\u1ebft t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb d\u00e1m x\u00e2m l\u0103ng n\u01b0\u1edbc ta\u201d [12].<br \/>\nNh\u01b0 v\u1eady, quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u00f4ng g\u1eedi qu\u00e2n t\u1edbi Campuchia, \u0110\u1ea3ng c\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e3 chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb s\u1eb5n m\u1ed9t k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch \u201ctr\u1eebng ph\u1ea1t\u201d Vi\u1ec7t Nam. Vi\u1ec7c Trung Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 coi nh\u01b0 \u201ct\u1ef1 v\u1ec7\u201d thay v\u00ec \u0111\u01b0a qu\u00e2n v\u00e0o Campuchia s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o ra ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf b\u1ea5t l\u1ee3i; \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi, bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p tr\u1eebng ph\u1ea1t th\u00f4ng qua m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1ed1n hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c. \u0110\u1eb7ng Ti\u1ec3u B\u00ecnh c\u00f2n cho r\u1eb1ng, ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e1nh Vi\u00ea\u0323t Nam v\u00e0 nhanh r\u00fat ch\u00f3ng qu\u00e2n ra khi th\u1eadm ch\u00ed ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 70 % m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 th\u00ec c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng, \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng hai m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau quan tr\u1ecdng: Th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t, t\u1ea1o c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i cho vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i; th\u1ee9 hai, ch\u1ee9ng minh cho Li\u00ean X\u00f4 v\u00e0 Vi\u1ec7t Nam th\u1ea5y kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng Trung qu\u1ed1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ebb g\u00e3y v\u00f2ng v\u00e2y c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u00e0 chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a Li\u00ean X\u00f4 s\u1ebd suy tho\u00e1i \u1edf ch\u00e2u \u00c1 [13].<br \/>\n&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;&#8212;-<br \/>\nCh\u00fa th\u00edch:<br \/>\n&#8211; T\u1eeb s\u1ed1 [1] \u0111\u1ebfn [12]: Keng Piao&#8217;s Report on the Situation of the Indochinese Peninsula, Issues and Studies, Taipei, January 1981.<br \/>\n&#8211; [13]. Nayan Chanda: Brother Enemy: The War After the War, Collier Books Macmillan Publishing Company, New York, 1986, p. 329<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>Ngu\u1ed3n:\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.vanhoanghean.com.vn\/chuyen-muc-goc-nhin-van-hoa\/nhung-goc-nhin-van-hoa\/tu-lieu-nghien-cuu-lien-quan-den-chien-tranh-bien-gioi-phia-bac-viet-nam-nam-1979\">http:\/\/www.vanhoanghean.com.vn\/chuyen-muc-goc-nhin-van-hoa\/nhung-goc-nhin-van-hoa\/tu-lieu-nghien-cuu-lien-quan-den-chien-tranh-bien-gioi-phia-bac-viet-nam-nam-1979<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>&#8212;<\/p>\n<p>M\u1ed9t nh\u1eadn x\u00e9t v\u1ec1 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam khi \u0111\u01b0a qu\u00e2n v\u00e0o Campuchia:<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t b\u00e1o \u0111\u00e3 ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn t\u00f4i \u0111\u1ec3 vi\u1ebft m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i nh\u00e2n d\u1ecbp k\u1ef7 ni\u1ec7m 40 n\u0103m ng\u00e0y gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng Phnom Penh, nh\u01b0ng khi vi\u1ebft xong th\u00ec h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 l\u00e0 b\u00e0i c\u00f3 qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u \u00fd ki\u1ebfn nh<span class=\"text_exposed_show\">\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u0103ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. T\u00f4i bu\u1ed3n nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng qu\u00e1 ng\u1ea1c nhi\u00ean. Th\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 m\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng vi\u1ebft th\u00ec \u0111\u0103ng \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u1ec3 gia \u0111\u00ecnh b\u1ea1n b\u00e8 tham kh\u1ea3o v\u1eady <span class=\"_5mfr\"><span class=\"_6qdm\">?<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"text_exposed_show\">\n<p>Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u00e0 can thi\u1ec7p nh\u00e2n quy\u1ec1n 40 n\u0103m sau Chi\u1ebfn tranh bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi T\u00e2y Nam<\/p>\n<p>L\u00e0m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u sinh l\u1ecbch s\u1eed th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p h\u00f3a 4.0, t\u00f4i lu\u00f4n ph\u1ea3i gi\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e1p cho b\u1ea1n b\u00e8, gia \u0111\u00ecnh v\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u1eadc ph\u1ee5 huynh, h\u1ecdc sinh v\u1ec1 l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c m\u00ecnh l\u00e0m. C\u00f3 ba l\u1ee3i \u00edch ch\u00ednh: th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t, \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft th\u00eam v\u1ec1 b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n v\u00e0 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i; th\u1ee9 hai, \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1, xem x\u00e9t l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 nh\u1eafc nh\u1ee7 cho nh\u1eefng l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1eddi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y, h\u1ecd c\u0169ng s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu ph\u00e1n x\u00e9t c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 sau; v\u00e0 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, \u0111\u1ec3 r\u00fat ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 cho c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ho\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch ng\u00e0y nay. So v\u1edbi hai m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch \u0111\u1ea7u m\u00e0 c\u00f3 v\u1ebb \u00edt c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, th\u00ec d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch th\u1ee9 ba th\u1ef1c d\u1ee5ng h\u01a1n v\u00e0 do \u0111\u00f3 d\u1ec5 \u0111\u1ea1t h\u01a1n. Tuy nhi\u00ean, tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c Chi\u1ebfn tranh bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi T\u00e2y Nam l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh t\u1ea1i sao nhi\u1ec1u l\u00fac l\u1ea1i r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3 r\u00fat ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1eafn t\u1eeb qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9. T\u1ea1i cu\u1ed9c h\u1ed9i th\u1ea3o \u201cB\u1ea1o l\u1ef1c Quy m\u00f4 l\u1edbn \u1edf \u0110\u00f4ng Nam \u00c1 t\u1eeb 1945 t\u1edbi nay\u201d (\u201cMass Violence in Southeast Asia since 1945\u201d) t\u1ea1i \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Yale th\u00e1ng 11\/2018 v\u1eeba qua, t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a ra k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ecdc nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc sai t\u1eeb cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh n\u00e0y. B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft sau \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00edch m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n t\u1eeb b\u00e0i tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i t\u1ea1i h\u1ed9i th\u1ea3o, t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc m\u00e0 Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u00e3 r\u00fat ra, v\u00e0 n\u00eau l\u00ean m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc kh\u00e1c ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00ean c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc.<\/p>\n<p>Trong nh\u1eefng tu\u1ea7n l\u1ec5 d\u1eabn t\u1edbi ng\u00e0y 7\/1\/2019 k\u1ef7 ni\u1ec7m 40 n\u0103m qu\u00e2n t\u00ecnh nguy\u1ec7n Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00fap c\u00e1c th\u1ebf l\u1ef1c y\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc Campuchia gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng Phnom Penh kh\u1ecfi ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 di\u1ec7t ch\u1ee7ng Pol Pot \u2013 Ieng Sary, t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u b\u00e0i ho\u00e0i ni\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 b\u00e1o, c\u00e1c c\u1ef1u chi\u1ebfn binh, c\u00e1c l\u1edbp chuy\u00ean gia, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 d\u00e0nh tu\u1ed5i thanh xu\u00e2n t\u01b0\u01a1i \u0111\u1eb9p nh\u1ea5t chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u ki\u00ean c\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea5t b\u1ea1n. H\u1ecd h\u1ed3i t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng hy sinh trong su\u1ed1t h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t th\u1eadp k\u1ef7 t\u1eeb 1977 t\u1edbi 1989 \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n Campuchia d\u1eb9p tan ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 di\u1ec7t ch\u1ee7ng. L\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i sau, t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7 t\u01b0 c\u00e1ch v\u00e0 c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n vi\u1ebft g\u00ec \u0111\u1ec3 pha lo\u00e3ng \u0111i nh\u1eefng l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 anh h\u00f9ng n\u00e0y. Nh\u01b0ng Chi\u1ebfn tranh bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi T\u00e2y Nam l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p, v\u00e0 n\u1ebfu trong nh\u1eefng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng k\u1ef7 ni\u1ec7m ch\u00fang ta ch\u1ec9 nh\u1edb l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng h\u1ed3i \u1ee9c \u0111\u1eb9p v\u00e0 n\u00e9 tr\u00e1nh nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi h\u00f3c b\u00faa, th\u00ec c\u00f3 l\u1ebd ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecf ph\u00ed c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ec3 r\u00fat ra nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc h\u1eefu \u00edch m\u00e0 th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1ea3 gi\u00e1 b\u1eb1ng x\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u00e1u \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/p>\n<p>C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi h\u00f3c b\u00faa nh\u1ea5t nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0, Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng Campuchia ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu v\u00ec l\u00fd do t\u1ef1 v\u1ec7 hay l\u00e0 can thi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i c\u1ee9u d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c Campuchia kh\u1ecfi n\u1ea1n di\u1ec7t ch\u1ee7ng? Trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh \u1edf Campuchia v\u1eabn t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng th\u1ebf l\u1ef1c trong phe \u0111\u1ed1i l\u1eadp mi\u1ec7t th\u1ecb v\u00e0 g\u00e2y kh\u00f3 d\u1ec5 cho c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi g\u1ed1c Vi\u1ec7t sinh s\u1ed1ng tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea5t Campuchia, vu c\u00e1o vi\u1ec7c Vi\u1ec7t Nam th\u00f4n t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc, x\u00e2m l\u1ea5n bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi, c\u1ea3 hai ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u00e0 Campuchia \u0111\u00e3 t\u00edch c\u1ef1c d\u00f9ng m\u1ed1c k\u1ef7 ni\u1ec7m 40 n\u0103m gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng Phnom Penh \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh c\u00f4ng lao c\u1ee7a qu\u00e2n t\u00ecnh nguy\u1ec7n Vi\u1ec7t Nam gi\u1ea3i c\u1ee9u Campuchia kh\u1ecfi \u00e1ch di\u1ec7t ch\u1ee7ng. T\u1ea1i bu\u1ed5i l\u1ec5 s\u00e1ng ng\u00e0y 4\/1\/2019 t\u1ea1i H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t c\u00e1c l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o cao c\u1ea5p nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng, nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u00e0 Campuchia, Th\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng Nguy\u1ec5n Xu\u00e2n Ph\u00fac \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 cao \u201cl\u1ecbch s\u1eed quan h\u1ec7 \u0111o\u00e0n k\u1ebft, k\u1ec1 vai s\u00e1t c\u00e1nh b\u00ean nhau gi\u1eefa hai n\u01b0\u1edbc, hai d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u00e0 Campuchia l\u00fac kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n ho\u1ea1n n\u1ea1n c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 trong h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh, ph\u1ed3n vinh, h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac\u201d. M\u1ee5c ti\u00eau can thi\u1ec7p b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n, ch\u1ed1ng ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 di\u1ec7t ch\u1ee7ng t\u00e0n b\u1ea1o, tr\u00ean c\u01a1 s\u1edf t\u00ecnh \u0111o\u00e0n k\u1ebft gi\u1eefa hai d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a l\u00ean h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u; m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5 kh\u1ecfi nh\u1eefng cu\u1ed9c t\u1eadp k\u00edch, t\u00e0n s\u00e1t c\u1ee7a qu\u00e2n Khmer \u0110\u1ecf t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c t\u1ec9nh bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi nh\u01b0 An Giang, T\u00e2y Ninh t\u1eeb th\u00e1ng 4 n\u0103m 1977 c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eafc \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u01b0ng l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 ph\u1ee5.<\/p>\n<p>40 n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc, Th\u1ee9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng Ngo\u1ea1i giao Phan Hi\u1ec1n ph\u00e1t bi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 Chi\u1ebfn tranh bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi T\u00e2y Nam tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0110\u1ea1i H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng Li\u00ean h\u1ee3p qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0o s\u00e1ng ng\u00e0y 28\/9\/1979 trong m\u1ed9t b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh r\u1ea5t kh\u00e1c. Di\u1ec5n ra ch\u1ec9 s\u00e1u th\u00e1ng sau khi qu\u00e2n Trung Qu\u1ed1c r\u00fat kh\u1ecfi c\u00e1c t\u1ec9nh mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc, t\u1ea1i phi\u00ean h\u1ecdp n\u00e0y ph\u1ebf qu\u00e2n Khmer \u0110\u1ecf, Trung Qu\u1ed1c, Hoa K\u1ef3, ASEAN \u0111\u00e3 c\u00e1o bu\u1ed9c Vi\u1ec7t Nam t\u1ed9i x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e1ng gi\u1ec1ng, v\u00e0 ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n kh\u00f4ng cho \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a Nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n Campuchia \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn t\u1ea1i LHQ. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0110\u1ea1i H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng, Th\u1ee9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng Phan Hi\u1ec1n kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0 Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u00e3 \u201cth\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n quy\u1ec1n t\u1ef1 v\u1ec7, nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd \u0111\u00e1p tr\u1ea3 [nh\u1eefng cu\u1ed9c c\u00f4ng k\u00edch c\u1ee7a Khmer \u0110\u1ecf], \u0111\u1eadp tan qu\u00e2n Pol Pot x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c T\u00e2y Ninh cu\u1ed1i n\u0103m 1978, v\u00e0 b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00f3 tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi g\u1ecdng k\u00ecm bao v\u00e2y c\u1ee7a B\u1eafc Kinh v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o ra \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng cu\u1ed9c x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1eafng tr\u1ee3n c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf l\u1ef1c b\u00e0nh tr\u01b0\u1edbng B\u1eafc Kinh v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 17\/2\/1979\u201d. Vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3i c\u1ee9u d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c Campuchia kh\u1ecfi ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 di\u1ec7t ch\u1ee7ng c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eafc \u0111\u1ebfn, nh\u01b0ng ch\u01b0a t\u1eebng bao gi\u1edd ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ngo\u1ea1i giao Vi\u1ec7t Nam s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nh\u01b0 c\u0103n c\u1ee9 ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt cho vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u01b0a qu\u00e2n t\u00ecnh nguy\u1ec7n v\u00e0o Campuchia.<\/p>\n<p>V\u1eady r\u1ed1t cu\u1ed9c Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u00e3 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu v\u00ec l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 nh\u00e2n quy\u1ec1n, ch\u1ed1ng t\u1ed9i \u00e1c di\u1ec7t ch\u1ee7ng hay v\u00ec l\u1ee3i \u00edch qu\u1ed1c gia? R\u00f5 r\u00e0ng, hai m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch n\u00e0y g\u1eafn li\u1ec1n v\u1edbi nhau khi qu\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t Nam ti\u1ebfn v\u00e0o Phnom Penh n\u0103m 1979. Nh\u01b0ng giai \u0111o\u1ea1n t\u1eeb th\u00e1ng 4 n\u0103m 1975, khi qu\u00e2n Khmer \u0110\u1ecf chi\u1ebfm l\u0129nh Phnom Penh v\u00e0 ra l\u1ec7nh d\u1eddi to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 d\u00e2n ra n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n, kh\u1edfi x\u01b0\u1edbng ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 di\u1ec7t ch\u1ee7ng, cho t\u1edbi cu\u1ed1i n\u0103m 1977, Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u1eabn gi\u1eef quan h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n Khmer \u0110\u1ecf, \u0110\u1ea1i s\u1ee9 qu\u00e1n Vi\u1ec7t Nam t\u1ea1i th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 ma Phnom Penh v\u1eabn duy tr\u00ec ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ecb n\u1ea1n Campuchia \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ed5 qua bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi v\u00e0 c\u1ea7u xin Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u1ee9u gi\u00fap, v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 th\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb thanh tr\u1eebng th\u1eb3ng tay t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 Pol Pot nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi M\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn \u0110o\u00e0n k\u1ebft C\u1ee9u n\u01b0\u1edbc Kampuchea \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp cu\u1ed1i n\u0103m 1978 v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c th\u1ec9nh c\u1ea7u s\u1ef1 gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 c\u1ee7a qu\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t Nam. Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch v\u1ec1 th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh tr\u01b0\u1edbc n\u0103m 1975 l\u00e0 ch\u01b0a hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t Khmer \u0110\u1ecf khi ta gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb gi\u1ea3 d\u1ea1ng l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n ch\u00e2n ch\u00ednh n\u00e0y tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ch\u00fang n\u1eafm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thanh minh nh\u01b0 v\u1eady cho qu\u00e3ng th\u1eddi gian t\u1eeb sau th\u00e1ng 4 n\u0103m 1975 cho \u0111\u1ebfn cu\u1ed1i n\u0103m 1978. Ch\u00fang ta ph\u1ea3i th\u1eeba nh\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng Vi\u1ec7t Nam, nh\u01b0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00e1c tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, \u0111\u00e3 r\u01a1i v\u00e0o th\u1ebf b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed9ng trong khi b\u00e8 l\u0169 Pol Pot \u2013 Ieng Sary ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t g\u1ea7n hai tri\u1ec7u c\u00f4ng d\u00e2n Campuchia bao g\u1ed3m m\u1ecdi s\u1eafc t\u1ed9c, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t, ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ch\u00e0m, v\u00e0 th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u1ea3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Hoa, h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u00e0 T\u00f2a \u00e1n \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t x\u00e9t x\u1eed t\u1ed9i \u00e1c Khmer \u0110\u1ecf \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1n quy\u1ebft l\u00e0 ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch di\u1ec7t ch\u1ee7ng. Ph\u1ea3i h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t n\u0103m r\u01b0\u1ee1i sau khi l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5 Vi\u1ec7t Nam b\u1ecb li\u00ean ti\u1ebfp x\u00e2m ph\u1ea1m, v\u00e0 khi Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u00e3 r\u01a1i v\u00e0o nguy c\u01a1 chi\u1ebfn tranh hai m\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn, ch\u00fang ta m\u1edbi ti\u1ebfn qu\u00e2n v\u00e0o gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng Phnom Penh.<\/p>\n<p>Th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00e0y c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n d\u1ec5 hi\u1ec3u. Cho d\u00f9 t\u1ed9i di\u1ec7t ch\u1ee7ng thu\u1ed9c d\u1ea1ng t\u1ed9i nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t trong lu\u1eadt qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf (violation of peremptory norms), cho \u0111\u1ebfn nay lu\u1eadt qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf v\u1eabn thi\u00ean v\u1ec1 g\u00ecn gi\u1eef \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia h\u01a1n l\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 nh\u00e2n quy\u1ec1n. C\u00e1c H\u00f2a \u01b0\u1edbc Westfalen n\u0103m 1648 m\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 k\u1ebft th\u00fac cu\u1ed9c Chi\u1ebfn tranh 30 n\u0103m gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c th\u1ebf l\u1ef1c C\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o v\u00e0 Tin l\u00e0nh \u1edf Ch\u00e2u \u00c2u \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebfn nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n th\u00e0nh n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng c\u1ee7a tr\u1eadt t\u1ef1 qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf. Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng cho ph\u00e9p m\u1ed9t qu\u1ed1c gia n\u00e0o can thi\u1ec7p v\u00e0o n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a qu\u1ed1c gia kh\u00e1c, b\u1ea5t k\u1ec3 qu\u1ed1c gia kia c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch v\u00f4 nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ea1o v\u00e0 t\u1ed3i t\u1ec7 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o trong n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9. Hi\u1ebfn ch\u01b0\u01a1ng Li\u00ean h\u1ee3p qu\u1ed1c n\u0103m 1945 cho ph\u00e9p H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng B\u1ea3o an ph\u00ea chu\u1ea9n nh\u1eefng bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p can thi\u1ec7p qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1, tuy nhi\u00ean ch\u1ec9 v\u1edbi m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch gi\u1eef g\u00ecn h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh. N\u0103m 1979, H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng B\u1ea3o an \u0111\u00e3 c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc can thi\u1ec7p v\u00e0o Campuchia, nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch b\u1eaft Vi\u1ec7t Nam ph\u1ea3i r\u00fat qu\u00e2n, v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i nh\u1edd phi\u1ebfu ph\u1ee7 quy\u1ebft c\u1ee7a Li\u00ean X\u00f4 m\u1edbi kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0a ra ngh\u1ecb quy\u1ebft ch\u1ed1ng Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u00e0 CHND Campuchia. Ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ebfn 2005 th\u00ec Li\u00ean h\u1ee3p qu\u1ed1c m\u1edbi th\u00f4ng qua hai b\u00e0i b\u00e1o c\u00e1o v\u1ec1 Tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m B\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 (Responsibility to Protect ho\u1eb7c R2P), kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 nh\u00e2n quy\u1ec1n l\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc, v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc vi ph\u1ea1m nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng nh\u00e2n quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh m\u1ea5t ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n. Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u1ea3 hai b\u00e1o c\u00e1o n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0a ra c\u01a1 s\u1edf ph\u00e1p l\u00fd m\u1edbi n\u00e0o cho vi\u1ec7c can thi\u1ec7p b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 nh\u00e2n quy\u1ec1n ngo\u00e0i t\u1ea7m ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t c\u1ee7a H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng B\u1ea3o an, v\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 can thi\u1ec7p v\u00e0o n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9 v\u1edbi m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 nh\u00e2n quy\u1ec1n v\u1eabn c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tranh c\u00e3i nhi\u1ec1u sau khi qu\u00e2n NATO l\u1ea5y c\u1edb can thi\u1ec7p nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp tay phi\u1ebfn qu\u00e2n \u1edf Libya v\u00e0 Syria.<\/p>\n<p>\u0110\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 l\u1ee3i \u00edch qu\u1ed1c gia, Vi\u1ec7t Nam trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m cu\u1ed1i th\u1eadp k\u1ef7 1970 \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng t\u00ecm m\u1ecdi c\u00e1ch th\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1edbi ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 di\u1ec7t ch\u1ee7ng \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh ph\u1ea3i t\u00e1i tham chi\u1ebfn khi \u0111ang c\u1ea7n c\u1ea5p b\u00e1ch x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc sau 34 n\u0103m chi\u1ebfn tranh. V\u00e0 qu\u1ea3 nhi\u00ean, khi Vi\u1ec7t Nam cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a qu\u00e2n v\u00e0o gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng Phnom Penh v\u00e0 \u1edf l\u1ea1i 10 n\u0103m gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1eeb tro t\u00e0n v\u00e0 ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n s\u1ef1 tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 Khmer \u0110\u1ecf, ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec1u n\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi tr\u1eebng ph\u1ea1t: Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng v\u00e0o bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi ph\u00eda B\u1eafc; c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u01b0 b\u1ea3n ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a v\u1eeba thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp quan h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u00e3 r\u00fat vi\u1ec7n tr\u1ee3 v\u00e0 c\u1eaft quan h\u1ec7 th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0; M\u1ef9 v\u00e0 ASEAN \u0111\u00e3 chung tay v\u1edbi Trung Qu\u1ed1c gi\u00fap kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cho Khmer \u0110\u1ecf v\u00e0 cho ch\u00fang th\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ecba \u1edf bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi v\u1edbi Th\u00e1i Lan \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m qu\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u00e0 CHND Campuchia ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu t\u1ed5n hao k\u00e9o d\u00e0i. V\u1edbi c\u00e1i gi\u00e1 r\u1ea5t cao \u0111\u00e3 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n \u01b0\u1edbc l\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y, vi\u1ec7c Vi\u1ec7t Nam t\u00ecm m\u1ecdi c\u00e1ch tr\u00e1nh can thi\u1ec7p v\u00e0o Campuchia k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 khi hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 di\u1ec7t ch\u1ee7ng l\u00e0 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Nh\u01b0ng Vi\u1ec7t Nam kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t l\u00fac th\u1eeba nh\u1eadn \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y m\u00e0 l\u1ea1i v\u1eabn ki\u00ean \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i Vi\u1ec7t Nam khi gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng Phnom Penh l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n k\u1ebft th\u00fac n\u1ea1n gi\u1ec7t ch\u1ee7ng.<\/p>\n<p>B\u00e0i h\u1ecdc quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t m\u00e0 Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc trong khu v\u1ef1c \u0111\u00e3 r\u00fat ra t\u1eeb chi\u1ebfn tranh bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi T\u00e2y Nam l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c can thi\u1ec7p v\u00e0o n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9 n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00e1c, b\u1ea5t k\u1ec3 ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 t\u1ed3i t\u00e0n t\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2u, l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 chi ph\u00ed v\u00e0 l\u1ee3i \u00edch thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, v\u00e0 x\u00e9t t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 th\u00ec v\u01b0\u1ee3t ra ngo\u00e0i kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng n\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1ecf v\u00e0 trung b\u00ecnh. Sau khi gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft xong v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 Campuchia, Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u00e3 k\u00fd Hi\u1ec7p \u01b0\u1edbc Th\u00e2n thi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 H\u1ee3p t\u00e1c v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1992 khi tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh quan s\u00e1t vi\u00ean ASEAN. Theo \u0111\u00f3, ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn m\u1ed9t tr\u1eadt t\u1ef1 khu v\u1ef1c v\u00e0 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi trong \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n qu\u1ed1c gia \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 cao h\u01a1n h\u1eb3n nh\u00e2n quy\u1ec1n. Khi th\u1ea3m h\u1ecda di\u1ec7t ch\u1ee7ng x\u1ea3y ra \u1edf Rwanda v\u00e0 Bosnia n\u0103m 1994, hay khi ngay trong khu v\u1ef1c \u0110\u00f4ng Nam \u00c1 d\u00e2n qu\u00e2n Indonesia t\u00e0n s\u00e1t d\u00e2n \u0110\u00f4ng Timor n\u0103m 1999 v\u00e0 qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i Myanmar cho \u0111\u1ebfn nay v\u1eabn \u0111ang c\u00f3 ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch di\u1ec7t ch\u1ee7ng v\u1edbi d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c thi\u1ec3u s\u1ed1 Rohingya theo \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 c\u1ee7a \u1ee6y ban Nh\u00e2n quy\u1ec1n Li\u00ean h\u1ee3p qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00e0 quan s\u00e1t qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf trung l\u1eadp, Vi\u1ec7t Nam ch\u1ec9 d\u1eebng l\u1ea1i \u1edf vi\u1ec7c n\u00eau quan ng\u1ea1i v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u00e1i g\u00ec m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd c\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 l\u1eddi n\u00f3i l\u1eabn h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng. Khi T\u00f2a \u00e1n H\u00ecnh s\u1ef1 Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp n\u0103m 1999 \u0111\u1ec3 truy t\u1ed1 nh\u1eefng t\u1ed9i ph\u1ea1m chi\u1ebfn tranh v\u00e0 vi ph\u1ea1m nh\u00e2n quy\u1ec1n, Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng k\u00fd tham gia. Trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111ang ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea5u tranh ph\u00e1p l\u00fd \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n tr\u00ean Bi\u1ec3n \u0110\u00f4ng, trong khi \u0111ang c\u1ea7n tranh th\u1ee7 quan h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng ASEAN l\u00e1ng gi\u1ec1ng, v\u00e0 trong m\u1ed9t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi m\u00e0 c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a chi\u1ebfm thi\u1ec3u s\u1ed1 tr\u00ean tr\u01b0\u1eddng qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf, Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ecdn con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ec1 cao tr\u00ean h\u1ebft b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 l\u1ee3i \u00edch qu\u1ed1c gia v\u00e0 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf, ki\u00ean \u0111\u1ecbnh trong kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i b\u1ea5t kh\u1ea3 can thi\u1ec7p b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i, thay v\u00ec theo \u0111u\u1ed5i nh\u1eefng l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1eb9p \u0111\u1ebd nh\u01b0ng cao xa v\u00e0 kh\u00f3 c\u00f3 c\u01a1 s\u1edf ph\u00e1p l\u00fd qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc nh\u01b0 can thi\u1ec7p v\u00e0o n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9 m\u1ed9t n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 nh\u00e2n quy\u1ec1n.<\/p>\n<p>T\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch k\u1ef9 v\u1ec1 b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc \u201ct\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i\u201d m\u00e0 Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u00e0 c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00e1c trong khu v\u1ef1c \u0111\u00e3 r\u00fat ra t\u1eeb cu\u1ed9c Chi\u1ebfn tranh bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi T\u00e2y Nam l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m s\u00e1ng t\u1ecf v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i v\u00ec c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n t\u00f4i ngh\u0129 \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1eafn. Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, c\u00f3 ba b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc kh\u00e1c m\u00e0 theo t\u00f4i Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u00e0 c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00e1c \u0111\u00e1ng l\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i h\u1ecdc t\u1eeb cu\u1ed9c Chi\u1ebfn tranh Bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi T\u00e2y Nam:<\/p>\n<p>1. Th\u1ebf c\u00f4 l\u1eadp c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam trong th\u1eadp k\u1ef7 gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n Campuchia ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn l\u00e0 v\u00ec b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh Chi\u1ebfn tranh l\u1ea1nh. Trong th\u1eddi bu\u1ed5i hi\u1ec7n nay, Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 m\u1ea1nh d\u1ea1n h\u01a1n trong h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 v\u1edbi c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00e1c nh\u1eb1m gi\u1eef g\u00ecn h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh v\u00e0 ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c th\u1ebf l\u1ef1c di\u1ec7t ch\u1ee7ng trong v\u00e0 ngo\u00e0i khu v\u1ef1c. V\u1edbi t\u01b0 c\u00e1ch l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong s\u1ed1 r\u1ea5t \u00edt \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng b\u1eb1ng can thi\u1ec7p qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft th\u00fac n\u1ea1n di\u1ec7t ch\u1ee7ng (d\u00f9 trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n v\u00ec l\u1ee3i \u00edch qu\u1ed1c gia) sau Chi\u1ebfn tranh th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi th\u1ee9 II, c\u00f3 uy t\u00edn trong Hi\u1ec7p h\u1ed9i Kh\u00f4ng li\u00ean k\u1ebft, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng trong v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 chung s\u1ed1ng h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh v\u1edbi c\u00e1c d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c thi\u1ec3u s\u1ed1, v\u00e0 v\u1edbi kinh nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u00e0m ph\u00e1n nhi\u1ec1u h\u00f2a \u01b0\u1edbc song ph\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 \u0111a ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00edch c\u1ef1c \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 trung gian, t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n, v\u00e0 g\u00ecn gi\u1eef h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh cho nh\u1eefng khu v\u1ef1c xung \u0111\u1ed9t trong khu v\u1ef1c v\u00e0 tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. C\u00f3 nh\u1eefng d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u t\u00edch c\u1ef1c theo h\u01b0\u1edbng n\u00e0y. Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u00e3 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh xu\u1ea5t s\u1eafc nhi\u1ec7m k\u1ef3 \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean l\u00e0m th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng Nh\u00e2n quy\u1ec1n LHQ n\u0103m 2014-2016, t\u1eadp trung \u0111\u1ea9y m\u1ea1nh c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 quy\u1ec1n ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng. Th\u00e1ng 10\/2018 v\u1eeba qua, L\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng g\u00ecn gi\u1eef h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u00e3 xu\u1ea5t qu\u00e2n \u0111i l\u00e0m nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf, l\u1ea7n n\u00e0y d\u01b0\u1edbi l\u00e1 c\u1edd Li\u00ean h\u1ee3p qu\u1ed1c t\u1ea1i Nam Sudan. Mong l\u00e0 trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai, Vi\u1ec7t Nam s\u1ebd c\u00f2n tham gia nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n n\u1eefa v\u00e0o c\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch gi\u1eef g\u00ecn h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a LHQ, \u0111\u1ea3m nhi\u1ec7m c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng vai tr\u00f2 mang t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 n\u1ebfu c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft.<\/p>\n<p>2. Trong bu\u1ed5i ti\u1ec7c cu\u1ed1i n\u0103m h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a Harry Potter t\u1ea1i tr\u01b0\u1eddng Hogwarts, gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 Dumbledore \u0111\u00e3 (t\u00f4i tin ch\u1eafc m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n v\u00ec thi\u00ean v\u1ecb) th\u01b0\u1edfng cho nh\u00e0 Gryffindor 170 \u0111i\u1ec3m, cho ph\u00e9p nh\u00e0 n\u00e0y v\u01b0\u1ee3t tr\u1ed9i t\u1eeb v\u1ecb tr\u00ed th\u1ee9 t\u01b0 l\u00ean v\u1ecb tr\u00ed th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t. 10 \u0111i\u1ec3m quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00ec h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng d\u0169ng c\u1ea3m c\u1ee7a Neville Longbottom khi c\u1eadu b\u00e9 ng\u0103n c\u1ea3n b\u00e8 b\u1ea1n m\u00ecnh vi ph\u1ea1m n\u1ed9i quy nh\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng. Theo Dumbledore, \u201cC\u1ea7n r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u can \u0111\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi k\u1ebb th\u00f9, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi b\u1ea1n c\u00f2n c\u1ea7n nhi\u1ec1u can \u0111\u1ea3m h\u01a1n\u201d. Trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m cu\u1ed1i th\u1eadp k\u1ef7 1970, Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u00e3 t\u00ecm m\u1ecdi c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi anh em C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n l\u00e1ng gi\u1ec1ng l\u00e0 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 Khmer \u0110\u1ecf, k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 khi \u0111\u00e3 th\u1eeba bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng t\u1ed9i \u00e1c c\u1ee7a b\u00e8 l\u0169 Pol Pot \u2013 Ieng Sary. Ng\u00e0y nay, ch\u00fang ta v\u00e0 c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc ASEAN kh\u00e1c \u0111ang l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i sai l\u1ea7m n\u00e0y v\u1edbi Myanmar. Nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng l\u00e1 th\u01b0 t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111o\u1ea1t gi\u1ea3i th\u01b0\u1edfng Nobel H\u00f2a b\u00ecnh Malala Yousafzai, Mohammad Yunus, v\u00e0 Gi\u00e1m m\u1ee5c Desmond Tutu, v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ph\u00e1t bi\u1ec3u c\u1ee7a l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o Malaysia n\u00eau r\u00f5, h\u1ecd \u0111ang ch\u1ec9 tr\u00edch ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a b\u00e0 Aung San Suu Kyi ch\u00ednh v\u00ec h\u1ecd l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea1n t\u1ed1t v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 cho ph\u00e9p ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a b\u00e0 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c g\u1eafn k\u1ebft v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i theo ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch b\u1ea1o l\u1ef1c ch\u1ed1ng c\u00e1c s\u1eafc t\u1ed9c thi\u1ec3u s\u1ed1. N\u1ebfu Vi\u1ec7t Nam mu\u1ed1n l\u00e0m l\u00e1ng gi\u1ec1ng t\u1ed1t, n\u1ebfu ch\u00fang ta mu\u1ed1n noi g\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 \u00f4ng cha \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea5u tranh tr\u01b0\u1eddng k\u1ef3 \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00f3a b\u1ecf n\u1ea1n di\u1ec7t ch\u1ee7ng kh\u1ecfi khu v\u1ef1c \u0110\u00f4ng Nam \u00c1, ch\u00fang ta ph\u1ea3i c\u00f9ng c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc ASEAN kh\u00e1c can \u0111\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ed1i tho\u1ea1i th\u1eb3ng th\u1eafn h\u01a1n v\u1edbi Myanmar \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o \u00e1p l\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t n\u1ea1n di\u1ec7t ch\u1ee7ng \u0111ang di\u1ec5n ra ngay d\u01b0\u1edbi m\u00e1i nh\u00e0 chung ASEAN.<\/p>\n<p>3. \u201cL\u00fac \u0111\u1ea7u ch\u00fang ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 ch\u00ednh ki\u1ebfn x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a, nh\u01b0ng t\u00f4i im l\u1eb7ng \u2013 v\u00ec t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng theo x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a.\/\/Sau \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00fang ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t nh\u1eefng h\u1ed9i vi\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p \u0111o\u00e0n, nh\u01b0ng t\u00f4i im l\u1eb7ng \u2013 v\u00ec t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 h\u1ed9i vi\u00ean.\/\/Sau \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00fang ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t ng\u01b0\u1eddi Do Th\u00e1i, nh\u01b0ng t\u00f4i im l\u1eb7ng \u2013 v\u00ec t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Do Th\u00e1i.\/\/Sau \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00fang t\u1edbi ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t t\u00f4i \u2013 v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n ai \u0111\u1ee9ng l\u00ean b\u1ea3o h\u1ed9 cho t\u00f4i\u201d. Nh\u1eefng d\u00f2ng th\u01a1 kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n n\u00e0y c\u1ee7a m\u1ee5c s\u01b0 Martin Niem\u00f6ller nh\u1eafc nh\u1edf ch\u00fang ta r\u1eb1ng g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p trong c\u1eadn \u0111\u1ea1i, c\u00e1c ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 di\u1ec7t ch\u1ee7ng \u0111\u00e3 li\u00ean t\u1ee5c t\u00ecm \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb th\u00f9 m\u1edbi. Do v\u1eady, ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ec3 m\u1eb7c cho m\u1ed9t ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 di\u1ec7t ch\u1ee7ng ho\u00e0nh h\u00e0nh n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9, m\u00e0 b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi ch\u00fang s\u1edbm nh\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3. T\u1eeb 1975 \u0111\u1ebfn 1977, Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u00e3 r\u1ea5t y\u00eau h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh v\u00e0 t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch chung s\u1ed1ng h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n di\u1ec7t ch\u1ee7ng, nh\u01b0ng sau khi t\u00e0n s\u00e1t nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n Campuchia v\u00e0 kh\u1edfi chi\u1ebfn v\u1edbi Th\u00e1i Lan v\u00e0 L\u00e0o, cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng th\u00ec Khmer \u0110\u1ecf c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 quay sang t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng Vi\u1ec7t Nam. Hi\u1ec7n nay, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng n\u1ed5 ra chi\u1ebfn tranh gi\u1eefa Bangladesh v\u00e0 Myanmar l\u00e0 ch\u01b0a cao. Tuy nhi\u00ean, \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u \u0111\u00e1ng lo ng\u1ea1i: th\u00e1ng 3\/2018, quan h\u1ec7 hai n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf n\u00ean c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng khi Myanmar t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 tr\u00ean bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi. Tinh th\u1ea7n \u0111o\u00e0n k\u1ebft trong kh\u1ed1i ASEAN m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta mu\u1ed1n g\u00ecn gi\u1eef b\u1eb1ng s\u1ef1 im l\u1eb7ng c\u0169ng \u0111ang b\u1ecb \u0111e d\u1ecda, khi nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a Myanmar g\u00e2y ph\u1eabn n\u1ed9 trong nh\u1eefng n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111a s\u1ed1 theo \u0111\u1ea1o H\u1ed3i trong khu v\u1ef1c l\u00e0 Malaysia, Indonesia, v\u00e0 Brunei. V\u1ecb th\u1ebf c\u1ee7a ASEAN, n\u01a1i m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u1eb7t nhi\u1ec1u k\u1ef3 v\u1ecdng, c\u0169ng s\u1ebd b\u1ecb gi\u1ea3m s\u00fat tr\u00ean tr\u01b0\u1eddng qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf n\u1ebfu t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng th\u00edch nghi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1edbi t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh m\u1edbi, b\u1ecb c\u1ea7m t\u00f9 b\u1edfi ch\u00ednh nh\u1eefng quy t\u1eafc l\u1ed7i th\u1eddi c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, v\u00e0 do \u0111\u00f3 b\u1ea5t l\u1ef1c tr\u01b0\u1edbc n\u1ea1n di\u1ec7t ch\u1ee7ng \u0111ang di\u1ec5n ra ngay trong khu v\u1ef1c. L\u1ecbch s\u1eed cho th\u1ea5y, n\u1ebfu ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c v\u00e0 l\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e2m l\u1ea5y h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh h\u1eefu ngh\u1ecb nh\u1ea5t th\u1eddi v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 di\u1ec7t ch\u1ee7ng, ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng x\u1ee9ng \u0111\u00e1ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0 s\u1edbm mu\u1ed9n c\u0169ng s\u1ebd m\u1ea5t \u0111i ch\u00ednh c\u00e1i h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh v\u00e0 h\u1eefu ngh\u1ecb m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta mu\u1ed1n g\u00ecn gi\u1eef.<\/p>\n<p>T\u00f4i mong l\u00e0 trong d\u1ecbp k\u1ef7 ni\u1ec7m 40 n\u0103m Vi\u1ec7t Nam tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc duy nh\u1ea5t g\u1eedi qu\u00e2n t\u00ecnh nguy\u1ec7n gi\u1ea3i c\u1ee9u nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n Campuchia kh\u1ecfi ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 di\u1ec7t ch\u1ee7ng Pol Pot, b\u1ea5t ch\u1ea5p c\u00e1i gi\u00e1 kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 suy ngh\u0129 v\u00e0 th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn th\u1eb3ng th\u1eafn v\u1ec1 vai tr\u00f2 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 nh\u00e2n quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam trong khu v\u1ef1c v\u00e0 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 nh\u1eefng n\u0103m cu\u1ed1i th\u1eadp k\u1ef7 1970 m\u00e0 c\u1ea3 hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i v\u00e0 trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai. Mong l\u00e0 b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p ch\u00fat n\u00e0o cho cu\u1ed9c th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n<p>V\u0169 Minh Ho\u00e0ng l\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u sinh S\u1eed h\u1ecdc t\u1ea1i \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Cornell, Hoa K\u1ef3. Nh\u1eefng \u00fd ki\u1ebfn tr\u00ean l\u00e0 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n anh.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/blockquote>\n<div class=\"text_exposed_show\">\n<p>Ngu\u1ed3n: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/vmhoang\/posts\/10156831409275890\">Facebook V\u0169 Minh Ho\u00e0ng 7\/1\/2019<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>T\u01b0 li\u1ec7u nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn chi\u1ebfn tranh bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi ph\u00eda b\u1eafc Vi\u1ec7t Nam n\u0103m 1979 MAI HOA Ch\u1ee7 nh\u1eadt, 06 Th\u00e1ng 1 2019 17:59 Ng\u00e0y 16-1-1979, \u1ee6y vi\u00ean B\u1ed9 Ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, B\u00ed th\u01b0 Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u1ea3ng c\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_mi_skip_tracking":false},"categories":[31],"tags":[1073,1072,178,1069,1070,367],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p8jhJx-p5","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/short\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1555"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/short\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/short\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/short\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/short\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1555"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/short\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1555\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1558,"href":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/short\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1555\/revisions\/1558"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/short\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1555"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/short\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1555"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/short\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1555"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}