\nT\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t sinh vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ea7y h\u00e1o h\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a David Christian l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean khi theo d\u00f5i b\u00e0i gi\u1ea3ng \u0110\u1ea1i s\u1eed<\/b> c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng tr\u00ean \u0111\u0129a DVD. V\u00ec th\u1ebf t\u00f4i r\u1ea5t vui m\u1eebng khi th\u1ea5y s\u1ef1 tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y mang t\u00ednh khai s\u00e1ng c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng v\u1ec1 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4 \u0111\u1ecdng l\u1ea1i trong nh\u1eefng ti\u1ec3u lu\u1eadn n\u00e0y. T\u00f4i hy v\u1ecdng cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch n\u00e0y s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0a m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ed9c gi\u1ea3 l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1edbi nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 gi\u00e1o t\u00e0i n\u0103ng n\u00e0y.
\nBill Gates<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\nCh\u00fang t\u00f4i hy v\u1ecdng c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd th\u00edch th\u00fa \u0111\u1ecdc Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi m\u1ed9t tho\u00e1ng n\u00e0y<\/b>, v\u00e0 ch\u00fang t\u00f4i hy v\u1ecdng n\u00f3 s\u1ebd mang \u0111\u1ebfn cho c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n m\u1ed9t c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 v\u1ec1 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed bao la, ph\u1ee9c h\u1ee3p, \u0111\u00f4i khi k\u1ecbch t\u00ednh, nh\u01b0ng th\u01b0\u1eddng truy\u1ec1n c\u1ea3m h\u1ee9ng, c\u1ee7a qu\u1ed1c gia v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cnh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i\u201d m\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean.
\nDavid Christian<\/p><\/blockquote>\n
Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i r\u1ea5t vui m\u1eebng gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u quy\u1ec3n s\u00e1ch \u201c\u0110\u1ea1i s\u1eed th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi\u201d c\u1ee7a t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 David Christian, phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t, \u0111\u1ebfn r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i qu\u00fd \u0111\u1ed9c gi\u1ea3, h\u1ecdc sinh, th\u1ea7y c\u00f4, th\u1ee9c gi\u1ea3, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi quan t\u00e2m. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn \u201cchim bay\u201d thu nh\u1ecf l\u1ea1i th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00ednh kho\u1ea3ng 250.000 n\u0103m \u0111\u1ed5 l\u1ea1i, t\u1eeb th\u1eddi H\u00e1i l\u01b0\u1ee3m sang th\u1eddi N\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1eddi Hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta. V\u1edbi kho\u1ea3ng 150 trang, n\u00f3 ch\u1ee9a \u0111\u1ef1ng nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 di\u1ec5n bi\u1ebfn quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a lo\u00e0i Homo sapiens<\/i> ch\u00fang ta \u2013 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch logic.<\/p>\n
Cu\u1ed9c ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng h\u1eb3n ch\u1ec9 thu\u1ea7n sinh h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a Darwin, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n l\u00e0 cu\u1ed9c ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh con ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ef1 t\u1ea1o ra, b\u1eb1ng g\u00ec?, b\u1eb1ng s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 lao \u0111\u1ed9ng, g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n v\u00e0o m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng cho s\u1ef1 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. K\u1ef7 nguy\u00ean H\u00e1i l\u01b0\u1ee3m k\u00e9o d\u00e0i 250.00 n\u0103m, nh\u01b0ng k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 kh\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng K\u1ef7 nguy\u00ean N\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p h\u01a1n m\u01b0\u1eddi ng\u00e0n n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc, l\u00fac l\u1ecbch s\u1eed con ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u0103ng t\u1ed1c. R\u1ed3i k\u1ef7 nguy\u00ean n\u00e0y c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng K\u1ef7 nguy\u00ean Hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i k\u00e9o d\u00e0i kho\u1ea3ng 250 n\u0103m m\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y th\u00f4i t\u00ednh t\u1eeb cu\u1ed9c c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1750. C\u00e1i g\u00ec quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i? \u1ede n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng, kh\u00f4ng g\u00ec kh\u00e1c h\u01a1n l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Con ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh s\u1ef1 s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. M\u1ed7i s\u1ef1 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i k\u1ef7 nguy\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u b\u1eb1ng s\u1ef1 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 mang t\u00ednh c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 l\u00e0 th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i. Th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e3 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i c\u00e1c mi\u1ec1n xa x\u00f4i c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ch\u00e2u l\u1ee5c kh\u00e1c nhau l\u1ea1i th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u, v\u00e0 c\u0169ng ch\u00ednh n\u00f3 k\u00edch th\u00edch s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, khoa h\u1ecdc v\u01b0\u1ee3t b\u1eadc.<\/p>\n
M\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c, s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 thu\u1ea7n Darwin b\u1eb1ng sinh h\u1ecdc, \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi \u0111\u1ebfn h\u00e0ng tri\u1ec7u n\u0103m. C\u00e1i g\u00ec gi\u00fap cho s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a nh\u1ea3y v\u1ecdt? \u0110\u00f3 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef! X\u00e3 h\u1ed9i tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp th\u1ec3 d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ea1t. Kinh nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy\u1ec1n l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n b\u1eb1ng DNA m\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean b\u1eb1ng ch\u1eef vi\u1ebft. X\u00e3 h\u1ed9i n\u00e0o bi\u1ebft h\u1ecdc, s\u1ebd ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 nhanh ch\u00f3ng. Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i s\u1ebd tr\u00ec tr\u1ec7 v\u00e0 c\u00f3 nguy c\u01a1 b\u1ecb di\u1ec7t vong. L\u1ecbch s\u1eed \u0111ang minh h\u1ecda h\u00f9ng h\u1ed3n b\u1ee9c tranh \u0111\u00f3. Stephen Hawking, ng\u01b0\u1eddi khao kh\u00e1t ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef t\u1ed9t c\u00f9ng, \u0111\u00e3 di\u1ec5n t\u1ea3 t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u1ea5n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u00e2u s\u1eafc nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n
\u201cNhi\u1ec1u tri\u1ec7u n\u0103m li\u1ec1n, nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt. Nh\u01b0ng r\u1ed3i m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 x\u1ea3y ra, l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a \u00f3c t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u00fang ta. Ch\u00fang ta h\u1ecdc n\u00f3i, v\u00e0 h\u1ecdc l\u1eafng nghe. Ng\u00f4n lu\u1eadn \u2013 speech \u2013 cho ph\u00e9p truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng c\u00e1c \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng l\u00e0m cho con ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c chung v\u1edbi nhau \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u th\u1ea7n k\u1ef3 b\u1ea5t kh\u1ea3. Nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e3 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh b\u1eb1ng l\u1eddi n\u00f3i, v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 l\u00e0 do kh\u00f4ng n\u00f3i\u2026 Nh\u1eefng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u00e0 v\u00f4 t\u1eadn. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n l\u00e0m l\u00e0 b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m ch\u00fang ta ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c n\u00f3i, n\u00f3i v\u00e0 n\u00f3i.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n
Quy\u1ec3n s\u00e1ch n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u201ckho t\u01b0 li\u1ec7u\u201d \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sao ch\u00e9p s\u00e1o m\u00f2n, m\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft trong tinh th\u1ea7n nh\u00e2n v\u0103n cao c\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a H. G. Wells m\u1ed9t th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 tr\u01b0\u1edbc:<\/p>\n
\u201cS\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u1ecbnh v\u01b0\u1ee3ng chung, n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng chung v\u1ec1 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed. N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1eef con ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi nhau trong s\u1ef1 h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c h\u00f2a h\u1ee3p, n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec kh\u00e1c h\u01a1n ngo\u00e0i nh\u1eefng truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng qu\u1ed1c gia ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a, h\u1eb9p h\u00f2i, \u00edch k\u1ef7 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i l\u1eadp nhau, c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7ng t\u1ed9c, c\u00e1c d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c s\u1ebd b\u1ecb tr\u00f4i d\u1ea1t v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng cu\u1ed9c xung \u0111\u1ed9t v\u00e0 h\u1ee7y di\u1ec7t\u201d.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n
Wells t\u1eebng vi\u1ebft quy\u1ec3n s\u00e1ch L\u1ecbch s\u1eed th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed3 s\u1ed9 n\u0103m 1919\/20, t\u1ee9c sau Th\u1ebf chi\u1ebfn I \u0111\u1eabm m\u00e1u, v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 b\u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01a1n 2 tri\u1ec7u b\u1ea3n! Einstein \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u quy\u1ec3n s\u00e1ch n\u00e0y cho vi\u1ec7c gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c l\u1ecbch s\u1eed th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ecdc:<\/p>\n
Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ecdc n\u00ean s\u1ed1t s\u1eafng n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c nh\u00ecn l\u1ecbch s\u1eed t\u1eeb quan \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9, hay t\u1eeb s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a n\u1ec1n v\u0103n minh lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi, v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u1ecbch s\u1eed nh\u01b0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n s\u1ef1 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c hay s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh t\u00edch b\u1eb1ng con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng chi\u1ebfn tranh. T\u1eeb quan \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y, theo t\u00f4i t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m L\u1ecbch s\u1eed th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi c\u1ee7a H.G. Wells l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t x\u1ee9ng \u0111\u00e1ng cho gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c.<\/p>\n
\u2026R\u1eb1ng trong \u0111\u1ecba l\u00fd v\u00e0 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft c\u1ea3m th\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1eb7c th\u00f9 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c kh\u00e1c nhau, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta quen g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u2018s\u01a1 khai\u2019.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n
Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi m\u1ed9t tho\u00e1ng n\u00e0y<\/i> gi\u00fap ta hi\u1ec3u t\u1eeb \u0111\u00e2u ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u1ebfn, v\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ebd \u0111i v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i \u0111\u00e2u. N\u00f3 m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y c\u1ee7a l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, \u0111\u00f4i l\u00fac t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t c\u1ed9i ngu\u1ed3n, \u0111\u00f4i l\u00fac di\u1ec5n ra tr\u00ean nhi\u1ec1u v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t kh\u00e1c nhau m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp, r\u1ed3i c\u00e1c l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u h\u00f3a k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p l\u1ea1i th\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng t\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u0103n minh m\u1edbi, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u01b0\u1ee3t b\u1eadt, k\u00edch th\u00edch m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 sinh ho\u1ea1t c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, t\u1eeb tay ch\u00e2n \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea7u \u00f3c, \u0111\u1eb7t n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng cho s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3o ng\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, lan t\u1ecfa ra nh\u1eefng v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t c\u00f2n \u00edt ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n c\u00f3 vai tr\u00f2 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh trong m\u1ecdi giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. \u201cNh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc\u201d, \u201c\u0111\u1ebf ch\u1ebf\u201d, \u201cn\u1ec1n v\u0103n minh\u201d h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh.<\/p>\n
Trong \u0111\u00eam tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p 1750, t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t v\u00f9ng kh\u00f4ng m\u1ea5y ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, ch\u00e2u \u00c2u \u0111\u00e3 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi l\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3t qua c\u00e1c con t\u00e0u phi\u00eau l\u01b0u tr\u00ean bi\u1ec3n c\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a B\u1ed3 \u0110\u00e0o Nha, T\u00e2y Ban Nha, r\u1ed3i \u0111\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3t H\u00e0 Lan, v\u00e0 Anh Qu\u1ed1c, \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh trung t\u00e2m m\u1edbi c\u1ee7a v\u0103n minh th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u h\u00f3a. C\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia nh\u1ecf tr\u00ean \u0111\u00f3 c\u1ea1nh tranh nhau tri\u1ec1n mi\u00ean qua nh\u1eefng cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh kh\u1ed1c li\u1ec7t. \u0110i t\u00ecm ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ee3i kinh t\u1ebf t\u1eeb c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t xa c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi l\u00e0 m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i. \u201cKh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec \u0111\u00e1ng ng\u1ea1c nhi\u00ean khi m\u1ed9t truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111i \u0103n c\u01b0\u1edbp, qu\u00e2n phi\u1ec7t ra \u0111\u1eddi\u201d.<\/p>\n
Hai c\u1ed9t m\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00f3 t\u00ednh chuy\u1ec3n bi\u1ebfn lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean l\u00e0 cu\u1ed9c c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e2y h\u01a1n m\u01b0\u1eddi ng\u00e0n n\u0103m, v\u00e0 cu\u1ed9c c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p kho\u1ea3ng 250 n\u0103m. Cu\u1ed9c c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u s\u1ef1 \u201cGia t\u1ed1c\u201d (Acceleration) c\u1ee7a l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, trong khi cu\u1ed9c c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng th\u1ee9 hai t\u1ea1o ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i \u201cc\u1ea5t c\u00e1nh\u201d v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1850, k\u00e8m theo nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00ean m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u0169ng c\u1ea5t c\u00e1nh, r\u1ed3i ti\u1ebfn l\u00ean c\u00e1i \u0111\u01b0\u01a1c g\u1ecdi \u201cGia t\u1ed1c l\u1edbn\u201d (Big Acceleration) di\u1ec5n ra t\u1ea1i c\u1ed9t m\u1ed1c 1950 khi lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi, hay m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn quan tr\u1ecdng \u1edf c\u00e1c x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, b\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o giai \u0111o\u1ea1n X\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch qui m\u00f4. C\u00e1c khuynh h\u01b0\u1edbng kinh t\u1ebf – x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ed3ng lo\u1ea1t t\u0103ng theo h\u00e0m s\u1ed1 m\u0169 (exponential, xem trong m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i k\u1ebf ti\u1ebfp), c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i cho con ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 h\u1ea1i cho tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t v\u00e0 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ed9t bi\u1ebfn.<\/p>\n
\u2605<\/p>\n
Lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi, sau nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i nh\u1ea5t, cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, \u0111ang \u0111\u1ee9ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc dilemma \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ec7nh: Qu\u00e1 m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean, \u0111\u1ebfn n\u1ed7i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1 h\u1ee7y ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n c\u00e1i n\u00f4i s\u1ed1ng duy nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a lo\u00e0i m\u00ecnh. Nh\u00e0 sinh v\u1eadt h\u1ecdc M\u1ef9 E.O. Wilson gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch c\u00e1i dilemma:<\/p>\n
Theo ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ee9 kh\u1ea3o c\u1ed5 h\u1ecdc, ch\u00fang ta b\u1ecb l\u1ea1c kh\u1ecfi T\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean t\u1eeb l\u00fac b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u n\u1ec1n v\u0103n minh \u0111\u1ed9 m\u01b0\u1eddi ng\u00e0n n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc (c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p). B\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1ea3y l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 l\u1eeba d\u1ed1i ch\u00fang ta v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t \u1ea3o t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u1ec1 t\u1ef1 do tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111\u00e3 sinh ra ch\u00fang ta. N\u00f3 nu\u00f4i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng ni\u1ec1m tin r\u1eb1ng tinh th\u1ea7n con ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u00e0o n\u1eb7n th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i g\u00ec m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00edch nghi v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 v\u0103n h\u00f3a, v\u00e0 nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 qu\u1ea3, c\u00e1c th\u1eddi kh\u00f3a bi\u1ec3u c\u1ee7a l\u1ecbch s\u1eed b\u1ecb m\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9. M\u1ed9t sinh v\u1eadt th\u00f4ng minh h\u01a1n (ch\u00fang ta) gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e2y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00fang th\u1eadt v\u1ec1 ch\u00fang ta \u1edf \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y: \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u1ea3o gi\u00e1c, m\u1ed9t lo\u00e0i m\u1edbi v\u00e0 r\u1ea5t l\u1ea1 l\u00f9ng b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111i l\u00f3ng ng\u00f3ng v\u00e0o v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 ch\u00fang ta, m\u1ed9t h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3m x\u00fac th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111\u00e1, c\u00f3 nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n c\u1ee7a th\u1eddi Trung c\u1ed5, v\u00e0 s\u1edf h\u1eefu nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u1ea7n di\u1ec7u. S\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y l\u00e0m cho lo\u00e0i ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ebd c\u00f3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn l\u00ean s\u1ef1 t\u1ed3n vong d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n
Th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i ch\u00fang ta \u0111ang s\u1ed1ng, v\u00e0 t\u1eebng \u0111\u00e3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh t\u1eeb cu\u1ed9c c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00e0 h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc Paul Crutzen<\/b> g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i th\u1ebf Nh\u00e2n sinh (The Anthropocene, hay Anthropoz\u00e4n ti\u1ebfng \u0110\u1ee9c) b\u1ecf l\u1ea1i ph\u00eda sau th\u1ebf To\u00e0n t\u00e2n (Holacene) m\u01b0\u1eddi ng\u00e0n n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb khi k\u1ebft th\u00fac k\u1ef7 b\u0103ng h\u00e0 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 Th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i (c\u1ee7a) con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, \u201cth\u1ed1ng tr\u1ecb\u201d b\u1edfi con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c\/b\u1ecb con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111o\u1ea1t v\u1eadn m\u1ec7nh, theo ngh\u0129a t\u1ed1t hay x\u1ea5u nh\u1ea5t. N\u0103m 2000 Crutzen \u0111\u00e3 m\u1ea1nh d\u1ea1n gi\u00f3ng l\u00ean ti\u1ebfng chu\u00f4ng \u201cc\u1ea3nh t\u1ec9nh\u201d. \u00d4ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng t\u1ea7ng ozon v\u00f9ng Antarctic do ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t kh\u00ed th\u1ea3i c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ea1o ra N2O (nitrousoxide), CFC (clorofluorocarbonos)…. \u00d4ng vi\u1ebft: \u201cTr\u1eeb khi c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t tai h\u1ecda to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u \u2013 m\u1ed9t sao ch\u1ed5i, m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfn tranh th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, hay m\u1ed9t b\u1ec7nh d\u1ecbch l\u1edbn \u2013 nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i s\u1ebd v\u1eabn l\u00e0 l\u1ef1c m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u00ednh y\u1ebfu cho nhi\u1ec1u thi\u00ean ni\u00ean k\u1ef7 t\u1edbi.\u201d \u00d4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trao gi\u1ea3i Nobel v\u1ec1 H\u00f3a h\u1ecdc n\u0103m 1995 c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi Mario J. Molina v\u00e0 Frank Sherwood Rowland. Anthropocene l\u00e0 ti\u1ebfng tr\u1ed1ng hi\u1ec7n nay mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u00e1nh th\u1ee9c l\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e2m lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi: H\u00e3y t\u1ec9nh gi\u1ea5c m\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 thay v\u00ec h\u1ee7y ho\u1ea1i h\u00e0nh tinh xanh. Nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i do con ng\u01b0\u1eddi g\u00e2y ra kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng cho v\u00e0i th\u1ebf h\u1ec7, m\u00e0 cho c\u1ea3 nhi\u1ec1u thi\u00ean ni\u00ean k\u1ef7, n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n n\u00f3i v\u0129nh vi\u1ec5n. Th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i th\u1ebf Nh\u00e2n sinh h\u00e0m \u00fd, r\u1eb1ng l\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n kh\u1eafng kh\u00edt c\u1ee7a l\u1ecbch s\u1eed h\u00e0nh tinh l\u1edbn h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n
Cho \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 16, 17, con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn c\u1ee7a t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean, nh\u00e0 n\u00f4ng hay th\u1ee3 th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng l\u1ec7 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean. Nh\u01b0ng sau \u0111\u00f3 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean l\u1ea7n l\u1ea7n t\u00e1ch ra, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n qua t\u01b0 duy Dualism c\u1ee7a Descartes. M\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 \u201cph\u00e2n k\u1ef3\u201d, divergence, di\u1ec5n ra, ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng gay g\u1eaft. Th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 21, lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111ang \u1edf \u0111i\u1ec3m s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5 \u2013 tipping point, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u201cchuy\u1ec3n pha\u201d m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch v\u0129nh vi\u1ec5n n\u1ebfu th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i trong vi\u1ec7c k\u1ec1m ch\u1ebf m\u00ecnh m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch kh\u00f4n ngoan.<\/p>\n
\u2605<\/p>\n
Trong b\u00e0i B\u00e1o c\u00e1o cho H\u00e0n l\u00e2m vi\u1ec7n<\/i> c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 v\u0103n Franz Kafka, con kh\u1ec9 b\u00e1o c\u00e1o v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. B\u00e1o c\u00e1o b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1eb1ng l\u1eddi ch\u00e0o \u201cQu\u00fd v\u1ecb h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 cao qu\u00fd c\u1ee7a H\u00e0n l\u00e2m vi\u1ec7n\u201d. N\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1eaft ch\u01b0\u1edbc con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, v\u00e0 h\u00e3nh di\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ecdc xong ngay tr\u00f2 phun n\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1ecdt ngay t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u, d\u1ec5 \u1ee3t. \u201cB\u1eaft ch\u01b0\u1edbt con ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0 chuy\u1ec7n d\u1ec5, vi\u1ec7c phun n\u01b0\u1edbc mi\u1ebfng t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m ngay t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u. [\u2026] T\u00f4i c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u00fat \u1ed1ng \u0111i\u1ebfu nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t \u00f4ng l\u00e3o\u2026\u201d<\/p>\n
Nh\u01b0ng m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng vi\u1ec7c kh\u00f3 nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi n\u00f3 l\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng chai r\u01b0\u1ee3u cho \u0111\u00fang \u201cphong c\u00e1ch\u201d. \u201cM\u00f9i r\u01b0\u1ee3u l\u00e0 c\u00e1i l\u00e0m cho t\u00f4i kh\u1ed5 s\u1edf nh\u1ea5t\u2026.nh\u01b0ng sau nhi\u1ec1u tu\u1ea7n t\u00f4i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.\u201d Ch\u00fa kh\u1ec9 k\u1ebft th\u00fac b\u00e1o c\u00e1o b\u1eb1ng \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u00e0y: \u201c\u00d4i nh\u1eefng ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 n\u00e0y! S\u1ef1 x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng tia tri th\u1ee9c v\u00e0o b\u1ed9 n\u00e3o t\u1ec9nh th\u1ee9c! T\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ed1i b\u1ecf: \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0m t\u00f4i sung s\u01b0\u1edbng. Nh\u01b0ng t\u00f4i c\u0169ng th\u00fa nh\u1eadn: t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 n\u00f3 cao, tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y nh\u01b0 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, gi\u1edd l\u1ea1i r\u1ea5t \u00edt h\u01a1n. B\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 r\u00e1ng s\u1ee9c, \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ebfn nay \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng l\u1eadp l\u1ea1i tr\u00ean tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t, t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c trung b\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u00e2u \u00c2u. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 t\u1ef1 n\u00f3 c\u00f3 l\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0 g\u00ec c\u1ea3, nh\u01b0ng r\u1ed3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i g\u00ec, khi n\u00f3 gi\u00fap t\u00f4i tr\u1ed1n kh\u1ecfi nh\u00e0 giam v\u00e0 t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho t\u00f4i l\u1ed1i tho\u00e1t \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t n\u00e0y, tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh ng\u1eef \u0110\u1ee9c tuy\u1ec7t h\u1ea3o: ch\u1ea1y tr\u1ed1n trong b\u1ee5i r\u1eadm; t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3, t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1ed1n v\u00e0o b\u1ee5i r\u1eadm. T\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e0o kh\u00e1c, lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n gi\u1ea3 thi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i t\u1ef1 do l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn.\u201d Ch\u00fa kh\u1ec9 c\u0169ng nh\u1eadn x\u00e9t: Con ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean th\u00e8m kh\u00e1t \u201cT\u1ef1 do\u201d, \u201cc\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a\u201d \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1ec9 c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng lo\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 kh\u00f4ng thi\u1ebfu, nh\u01b0ng con ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1ea1i \u201cqu\u00e1 th\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ef1 l\u1eeba d\u1ed1i nhau\u201d v\u1edbi hai ch\u1eef \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n
B\u00e1o c\u00e1o c\u1ee7a con kh\u1ec9 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00e3 h\u01a1i khi\u00eau kh\u00edch c\u00e1c \u201cV\u1ecb h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 cao qu\u00fd\u201d. B\u1edfi v\u00ec trong khi h\u1ecd ch\u1edd \u0111\u1ee3i m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n tuy\u1ebfn t\u00ednh t\u1eeb tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean l\u00ean tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i v\u0103n h\u00f3a, th\u00f4ng qua s\u1ef1 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng kh\u1ecfi nh\u1eefng tr\u00f3i bu\u1ed9c c\u1ee7a t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean th\u00ec thay v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, h\u1ecd b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ed9t t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng r\u1eb1ng s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n chia ranh gi\u1edbi r\u1ea1ch r\u00f2i gi\u1eefa Ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 Th\u00fa, V\u0103n h\u00f3a v\u00e0 T\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean, l\u1ea1i b\u1ecb m\u1edd nh\u1ea1t \u0111i. C\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a Kafka v\u1ea1ch ra \u201cl\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng\u201d trong c\u00e1i \u201ct\u1ef1 nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c\u201d c\u1ee7a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i, v\u00e0 l\u00e0m cho nh\u1eefng l\u1eb1n ranh gi\u1edbi r\u1ea1ch r\u00f2i \u0111\u00e3 th\u00e0nh kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn n\u1eefa. B\u1ee5i r\u1eadm c\u0169ng ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng c\u00f2n \u00edt \u0111i \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1eabn kh\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea1y tr\u1ed1n v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 (J. Renn & B. Scherer).<\/p>\n
S\u1ef1 t\u1ef1 nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi hi\u1ec7n nay ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng b\u1ecb \u0111\u1eb7t tr\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1eefng th\u1eed th\u00e1ch gh\u00ea g\u1edbm. Con ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e3 \u201ct\u1ef1 l\u1eeba d\u1ed1i m\u00ecnh\u201d. N\u1ebfu ch\u00fang ta th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i, v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t d\u1ea1ng kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng th\u00f4ng minh l\u1ea1i h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh trong v\u00e0i m\u01b0\u01a1i tri\u1ec7u n\u0103m t\u1edbi, h\u1ecd s\u1ebd t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t h\u00e0nh tinh v\u1edbi h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c kho b\u00e1u r\u1ed7ng ru\u1ed9t, thay v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7y nh\u1eefng lo\u1ea1i ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9c v\u00e0 v\u0169 kh\u00ed gi\u1ebft ng\u01b0\u1eddi. M\u1ed9t n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c th\u1ee9 hai t\u1ea1o ra n\u1ec1n v\u0103n minh h\u00e0nh tinh s\u1ebd v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n.<\/p>\n
\u2605<\/p>\n
Sophocles, m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 vi\u1ebft bi k\u1ecbch n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng c\u1ee7a Hy L\u1ea1p th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 th\u1ee9 n\u0103m, t\u1eebng vi\u1ebft trong v\u1edf Antigone, theo b\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 th\u01a1 H\u00f6lderlin:<\/p>\n
C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ee9 gh\u00ea g\u1edbm. Nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng g\u00ec<\/i><\/p>\n
Gh\u00ea g\u1edbm h\u01a1n Con ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/i><\/p><\/blockquote>\n
Homo sapiens<\/i> mu\u1ed1n t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 \u00fd th\u1ee9c h\u00e0nh tinh, c\u00f3 tinh th\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c khai s\u00e1ng m\u1edbi. N\u00f3 c\u1ea7n \u00fd th\u1ee9c l\u1ecbch s\u1eed v\u1ec1 n\u00f3, ph\u00f3ng t\u1ea7m m\u1eaft v\u1ec1 ch\u00e2n tr\u1eddi t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai, v\u00e0 nh\u00ecn xu\u1ed1ng con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng m\u00ecnh \u0111ang \u0111i d\u01b0\u1edbi ch\u00e2n \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u nh\u1eefng tr\u1edf ng\u1ea1i v\u00e0 ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng. Con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u201cl\u00e0 c\u00e1i g\u00ec lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n ph\u1ea3i kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c ch\u00ednh n\u00f3\u201d (Nietzsche) th\u00ec m\u1edbi b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m s\u1ef1 sinh t\u1ed3n b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng, m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 sinh t\u1ed3n ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trong m\u1ed9t m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng. Wilson v\u1eabn c\u00f2n l\u1ea1c quan, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 cao \u1edf Thung l\u0169ng Silicon, cho r\u1eb1ng \u201cTr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t, v\u00e0o th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 hai m\u01b0\u01a1i m\u1ed1t, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bi\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh, n\u1ebfu ch\u00fang ta mu\u1ed1n th\u1ebf, m\u1ed9t thi\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng th\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u1ef1c cho lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi, hay \u00edt nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t thi\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf.\u201d<\/p>\n
Xin gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9c gi\u1ea3.<\/p>\n
NXX<\/p>\n
Th\u00e1ng 10, 2016<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
GI\u1edaI THI\u1ec6U S\u00c1CH \u201cTh\u1ebf gi\u1edbi m\u1ed9t tho\u00e1ng n\u00e0y\u201d (This Fleeting World, c\u1ee7a David Christian) Nguy\u1ec5n Xu\u00e2n Xanh T\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t sinh vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ea7y h\u00e1o h\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a David Christian l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean khi theo d\u00f5i b\u00e0i gi\u1ea3ng \u0110\u1ea1i s\u1eed<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_mi_skip_tracking":false},"categories":[146,123,101],"tags":[106,149,148,22,151,150],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p8jhJx-35","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/short\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/191"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/short\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/short\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/short\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/short\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=191"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/short\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/191\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/short\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=191"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/short\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=191"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/short\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=191"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}
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