{"id":1953,"date":"2019-06-11T08:16:43","date_gmt":"2019-06-11T07:16:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/short\/2019\/06\/11\/trung-hoa-mot-tu-nhan-cua-dia-ly\/"},"modified":"2019-06-11T08:16:43","modified_gmt":"2019-06-11T07:16:43","slug":"trung-hoa-mot-tu-nhan-cua-dia-ly","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/short\/2019\/06\/11\/trung-hoa-mot-tu-nhan-cua-dia-ly\/","title":{"rendered":"Trung Hoa: M\u1ed9t t\u00f9 nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ecba l\u00fd"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 v\u00f9ng gi\u00e1p ph\u00eda Nam c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c l\u00e0 &#8220;hi\u1ec1n&#8221; h\u01a1n, kh\u00f4ng c\u01b0\u1edbp b\u00f3c Trung Hoa nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng l\u00e1ng gi\u1ec1ng \u1edf ba m\u1eb7t kia. Th\u00e0nh ra Trung Qu\u1ed1c r\u1ea3nh tay l\u00e0 l\u1ea5n v\u1ec1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng Nam (m\u00e0 c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a tr\u1ecdng y\u1ebfu cho an ninh Trung Qu\u1ed1c).<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p class=\"line-t\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-left: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 16px; line-height: 30px; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(152, 152, 152); text-align: justify; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\"><span class=\"update-time\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; letter-spacing: 0px;\">11\/06\/2019 08:00<\/span><span class=\"Apple-converted-space\">&nbsp;<\/span>&#8211;<span class=\"Apple-converted-space\">&nbsp;<\/span><a class=\"tg-name\" href=\"http:\/\/tiasang.com.vn\/tac-gia\/vu-duc-liem-62\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: bold; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: inherit; line-height: inherit; font-family: inherit; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(244, 27, 27); text-decoration-line: underline; outline-color: initial; outline-style: none; transition: all 0.3s; background-color: transparent;\">V\u0169 \u0110\u1ee9c Li\u00eam<\/a><\/p>\n<p class=\"desc-n\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-left: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-weight: bold; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 18px; line-height: 30px; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); text-align: justify; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">N\u1ebfu l\u00e0 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o Trung Hoa, ng\u1eafm nh\u00ecn \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh t\u1eeb c\u1eeda s\u1ed5 Trung Nam H\u1ea3i, b\u1ea1n th\u1ea5y g\u00ec? B\u1ea1n th\u1ea5y ba v\u1ea1n qu\u00e2n M\u1ef9 \u00e1n ng\u1eef b\u00e1n \u0111\u1ea3o Tri\u1ec1u Ti\u00ean. C\u0103n c\u1ee9 qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 v\u00e0 h\u1ea1m \u0111\u1ed9i M\u1ef9 tr\u1ea3i d\u00e0i tr\u00ean qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n. C\u00e1ch b\u1edd bi\u1ec3n Ph\u00fac Ki\u1ebfn 160 km l\u00e0 \u0110\u00e0i Loan, m\u1ed9t v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n, xu\u00f4i v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda Nam l\u00e0 Philippines, m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed3ng minh hi\u1ec7p \u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9. H\u1ea1m \u0111\u1ed9i 7 kh\u1ed1ng ch\u1ebf v\u00f9ng T\u00e2y Th\u00e1i B\u00ecnh D\u01b0\u01a1ng bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 eo bi\u1ec3n Malacca v\u00e0 qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Indonesia. B\u1ea1n th\u1ea5y ph\u00eda B\u1eafc l\u00e0 khu t\u1ef1 tr\u1ecb N\u1ed9i M\u00f4ng, ph\u00eda T\u00e2y l\u00e0 khu v\u1ef1c H\u1ed3i gi\u00e1o b\u1ea5t \u1ed5n T\u00e2n C\u01b0\u01a1ng, ph\u00eda T\u00e2y Nam l\u00e0 T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng, ph\u00eda Nam l\u00e0 khu t\u1ef1 tr\u1ecb Zhoang. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u \u00e1n ng\u1eef c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng cao, ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u0111\u1ea7u ngu\u1ed3n c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n n\u01b0\u1edbc, v\u00e0 h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi H\u00e1n. N\u00f3i c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c, b\u1ea1n nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y Trung Qu\u1ed1c b\u1ecb giam h\u00e3m b\u1edfi \u0111\u1ecba l\u00fd v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecba ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb.<\/p>\n<p class=\"content-dt\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-variant-numeric: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 14px; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; vertical-align: baseline; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-align: justify; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-left: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 18px; line-height: 30px; font-family: Arial; vertical-align: baseline; letter-spacing: 0px;\"><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/tiasang.com.vn\/Portals\/0\/Tu%20nhan%20dia%20ly%20A1.jpg?w=750\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: auto; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 30px; font-family: Arial; vertical-align: middle; transition: all 0.3s; width: 700px; display: block; height: 460px; font-size: 18px !important; float: none !important;\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\"><br style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: Arial; line-height: 10px; font-size: 18px !important;\"><em style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 30px; font-family: Arial; vertical-align: baseline; font-size: 18px !important;\">M\u1ed9t g\u00f3c k\u00eanh \u0111\u00e0o \u0110\u1ea1i V\u1eadn H\u00e0, m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i nh\u1ea5t \u1edf Trung Qu\u1ed1c c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i. Ng\u00e0y nay \u0110\u1ea1i V\u1eadn H\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c UNESCO c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn di s\u1ea3n v\u00e0 thu h\u00fat kh\u00e1ch du l\u1ecbch. \u1ea2nh: BCC.&nbsp;<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-left: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 18px; line-height: 30px; font-family: Arial; vertical-align: baseline; letter-spacing: 0px;\">\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 Trung Hoa: \u0111\u1ebf ch\u1ebf, n\u1ec1n v\u0103n minh v\u00e0 qu\u1ed1c gia d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c v\u1edbi t\u01b0 c\u00e1ch l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u00f9 nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ecba l\u00fd.&nbsp;<br style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: Arial; line-height: 10px; font-size: 18px !important;\">Trung Hoa trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c n\u1ec1n v\u0103n minh v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ebf ch\u1ebf. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a di\u1ec5n tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y l\u00e0 \u1edf ch\u1ed7: kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 s\u1ef1 chuy\u1ec3n d\u1ecbch quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c \u1edf ch\u00e2u \u00c2u, thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ebf ch\u1ebf g\u1eafn v\u1edbi thay \u0111\u1ed5i trung t\u00e2m quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c: t\u1eeb Hy L\u1ea1p \u0111\u1ebfn Rome, t\u1eeb Paris, Vienna, \u0111\u1ebfn Constantinople, c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ebf ch\u1ebf Trung Hoa \u0111\u00f3ng \u0111\u00f4 \u1edf tr\u00ean v\u00f9ng Trung Nguy\u00ean (v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng gi\u1eefa s\u00f4ng Ho\u00e0ng H\u00e0 v\u00e0 Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Giang). Ngay c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng t\u1ed9c ng\u01b0\u1eddi\/ th\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf h\u00f9ng m\u1ea1nh \u1edf v\u00f9ng bi\u00ean nh\u01b0 Kim, M\u00f4ng C\u1ed5, M\u00e3n Ch\u00e2u, d\u00f9 h\u01b0ng kh\u1edfi \u1edf n\u01a1i kh\u00e1c, \u0111\u1ec1u h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u1ec1 v\u00f9ng trung t\u00e2m n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c l\u1eadp v\u01b0\u01a1ng tri\u1ec1u v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c.&nbsp;<br style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: Arial; line-height: 10px; font-size: 18px !important;\">B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y l\u00ed gi\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ecba l\u00fd \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh &#8220;s\u1ed1 m\u1ec7nh&#8221; d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c Trung Hoa b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch ch\u1ec9 ra s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa \u0111\u1ecba l\u00fd, t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean, t\u1ed9c ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c. Ch\u01b0a bao gi\u1edd c\u00e1c c\u01b0 d\u00e2n \u1edf v\u00f9ng trung t\u00e2m (gi\u00e0u c\u00f3 v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fac) th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng trong vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u00ecnh tr\u01b0\u1edbc cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m du m\u1ee5c (d\u01b0\u1edbi 300,000 qu\u00e2n). H\u01b0\u1edbng ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn c\u1ee7a quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c tr\u00ean l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5 Trung Hoa t\u1eeb B\u1eafc xu\u1ed1ng Nam. Ch\u1ec9 m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n duy nh\u1ea5t, m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea1o qu\u00e2n t\u1eeb ph\u00eda Nam \u0111\u00e1nh l\u00ean B\u1eafc v\u00e0 gi\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ebf ch\u1ebf: Chu Nguy\u00ean Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng (1368). Ch\u01b0a bao gi\u1edd Trung Hoa th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng trong vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 c\u00f9ng l\u00fac hai m\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn: duy\u00ean h\u1ea3i v\u00e0 v\u00f9ng bi\u00ean c\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00eda T\u00e2y v\u00e0 ph\u00eda B\u1eafc. C\u0169ng ch\u01b0a bao gi\u1edd trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng l\u00fac h\u00f9ng m\u1ea1nh nh\u1ea5t, Trung Hoa h\u1ebft \u201clo l\u1eafng\u201d v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i \u0111e d\u1ecda t\u1eeb v\u00f9ng bi\u00ean. Trung Hoa lu\u00f4n b\u1ecb c\u1ea7m t\u00f9 b\u1edfi \u0111\u1ecba l\u00fd.&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-left: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 18px; line-height: 30px; font-family: Arial; vertical-align: baseline; letter-spacing: 0px;\"><span style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 700; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 18px !important; line-height: 30px; font-family: Arial; vertical-align: baseline;\">Trung Hoa lu\u00f4n trong&nbsp;t\u00ecnh th\u1ebf b\u1ecb bao v\u00e2y<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-left: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 18px; line-height: 30px; font-family: Arial; vertical-align: baseline; letter-spacing: 0px;\">Trung Hoa \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u01b0u \u0111\u00e3i v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean. V\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t tr\u1ea3i d\u00e0i t\u1eeb v\u0129 \u0111\u1ed9 50 xu\u1ed1ng v\u00f9ng c\u1eadn nhi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1edbi v\u1edbi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c m\u00f9a, c\u00e1c d\u1ea1ng \u0111\u1ecba h\u00ecnh v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i. Ch\u00e2u th\u1ed5 Ho\u00e0ng H\u00e0 v\u00e0 Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Giang l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t m\u00e0u m\u1ee1 nh\u1ea5t tr\u00ean Tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t, nh\u1edd \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc ra \u0111\u1eddi s\u1edbm, v\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng nu\u00f4i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u01b0 d\u00e2n kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3. Ph\u00eda Nam Trung Hoa l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng trung t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean canh t\u00e1c l\u00faa n\u01b0\u1edbc. Tuy nhi\u00ean vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng ch\u00e2u th\u1ed5 v\u00e0 c\u01b0 d\u00e2n n\u00e0y v\u00e0o to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac \u0111\u1ecba l\u00fd l\u1edbn h\u01a1n t\u1eeb th\u1ea3o nguy\u00ean N\u1ed9i M\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ebfn V\u00e2n Nam, t\u1eeb T\u00e2n C\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ebfn b\u00e1n \u0111\u1ea3o Tri\u1ec1u Ti\u00ean, cho ch\u00fang ta m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn kh\u00e1c v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c gi\u1eefa con ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecba l\u00fd trong khung c\u1ea3nh r\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn h\u01a1n.&nbsp;<\/p>\n<aside class=\"element element-pullquote element--supporting\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 30px; font-family: Arial; vertical-align: baseline; float: left; clear: left; width: 330px; font-size: 18px !important;\">\n<blockquote style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 20px; padding-right: 0px; border-width: 0px 0px 0px 5px; border-left-style: solid; border-color: rgb(244, 27, 27); font-style: italic; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: bold; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 30px; font-family: tsWindowFont, Arial, sans-serif; vertical-align: baseline; quotes: none; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 18px !important;\">\n<p class=\"pullquote-paragraph\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: normal; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 18px; line-height: 30px; font-family: Arial; vertical-align: baseline; letter-spacing: 0px; color: rgb(119, 119, 119);\">Nh\u00ecn v\u1ec1 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u1ee7a n\u1ec1n v\u0103n minh v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ebf Trung Hoa t\u1eeb g\u00f3c \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ecba l\u00fd cho th\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c n\u00e0y h\u00f9ng m\u1ea1nh, nh\u01b0ng d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u01a1n ch\u00fang ta ngh\u0129. Th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 n\u1eb1m \u1edf v\u1ecb tr\u00ed \u0111\u1ecba l\u00fd, nh\u01b0ng nh\u1eefng trang s\u1eed \u0111en t\u1ed1i nh\u1ea5t c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch t\u1eeb v\u1ecb tr\u00ed \u0111\u1ecba l\u00fd.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<\/aside>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-left: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 18px; line-height: 30px; font-family: Arial; vertical-align: baseline; letter-spacing: 0px;\">Trung t\u00e2m quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ebf ch\u1ebf Trung Hoa \u0111\u1eb7t tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng r\u1ed9ng m\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u1eeda c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec1u m\u1edf toang. Gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng r\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn, gi\u00e0u c\u00f3 ph\u00eda T\u00e2y n\u01b0\u1edbc Nga trong 500 n\u0103m qua m\u1eddi g\u1ecdi qu\u00e2n Th\u1ee5y \u0110i\u1ec3n, Ph\u1ea7n Lan, Ba Lan, Ph\u1ed5, Ph\u00e1p, \u0110\u1ee9c\u2026 v\u00f9ng trung t\u00e2m gi\u00e0u c\u00f3 v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fac c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ebf ch\u1ebf Trung Hoa b\u1ecb \u0111e d\u1ecda t\u1eeb b\u1ed1n ph\u00eda. Kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ng\u1eabu nhi\u00ean m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi H\u00e1n ch\u01b0a chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng tr\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 cu\u1ed9c x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c quy m\u00f4 l\u1edbn n\u00e0o t\u1eeb th\u1ea3o nguy\u00ean v\u00e0o Trung Nguy\u00ean d\u00f9 h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e1nh b\u1ea1i c\u01b0\u1edbp bi\u1ec3n Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ebf ch\u1ebf nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n \u1edf T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 Nam Chi\u1ebfu. Trung Hoa c\u0169ng ch\u01b0a bao gi\u1edd th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng khi c\u00f9ng l\u00fac \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u00f3 v\u1edbi \u0111e d\u1ecda t\u1eeb bi\u1ec3n ph\u00eda \u0110\u00f4ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea5t li\u1ec1n \u1edf ph\u00eda B\u1eafc v\u00e0 T\u00e2y. Nh\u00e0 Minh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u00ed d\u1ee5, v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m M\u00f4ng C\u1ed5 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c g\u00e2y s\u1ee9c \u00e9p \u1edf ph\u00eda B\u1eafc v\u00e0 c\u01b0\u1edbp bi\u1ec3n Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n \u1edf ph\u00eda \u0110\u00f4ng, h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea3i loay hoay d\u1ecbch chuy\u1ec3n kinh \u0111\u00f4, x\u00e2y m\u1edbi t\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00e0nh, v\u00e0 sau c\u00f9ng l\u00e0 h\u1ee7y b\u1ecf d\u1ef1 \u00e1n m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng bi\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a Tr\u1ecbnh H\u00f2a \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1eadp trung cho ph\u00eda B\u1eafc.<br style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: Arial; line-height: 10px; font-size: 18px !important;\"><br style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: Arial; line-height: 10px; font-size: 18px !important;\"><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/tiasang.com.vn\/Portals\/0\/Tu%20nhan%20dia%20ly%20A2.jpg?w=750\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: auto; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 30px; font-family: Arial; vertical-align: middle; transition: all 0.3s; width: 700px; display: block; height: 394px; font-size: 18px !important; float: none !important;\" data-recalc-dims=\"1\"><br style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: Arial; line-height: 10px; font-size: 18px !important;\"><em style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 30px; font-family: Arial; vertical-align: baseline; font-size: 18px !important;\">X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Th\u00e0nh, \u0111\u00f3ng l\u1ea1i m\u1ed1i giao l\u01b0u v\u1edbi c\u00e1c t\u1ed9c ng\u01b0\u1eddi du m\u1ee5c \u1edf ph\u00eda B\u1eafc nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng cho Trung Qu\u1ed1c ti\u1ebfn v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda Nam.&nbsp;<\/em><br style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: Arial; line-height: 10px; font-size: 18px !important;\"><br style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: Arial; line-height: 10px; font-size: 18px !important;\">L\u1ecbch s\u1eed h\u01a1n 2000 n\u0103m c\u1ee7a Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Th\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng cho t\u00ecnh th\u1ebf b\u1ecb bao v\u00e2y n\u00e0y. C\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y ch\u1ec9 ra r\u1eb1ng ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9, l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u01b0a tr\u00ean th\u1ea3o nguy\u00ean thay \u0111\u1ed5i l\u00e0 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m ngh\u00ecn qu\u00e2n du m\u1ee5c tr\u00e0n qua Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Th\u00e0nh (Di Cosmo, 2014; Pederson, et al, 2014). V\u00ec th\u1ebf, Trung Nguy\u00ean lu\u00f4n n\u1eb1m trong t\u00ecnh th\u1ebf b\u1ecb \u0111e d\u1ecda v\u00e0 lu\u00f4n ph\u1ea3i s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng n\u1ebfu nh\u01b0 c\u00f3 b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 s\u1ef1 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00e0o tr\u00ean th\u1ea3o nguy\u00ean.&nbsp;<br style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: Arial; line-height: 10px; font-size: 18px !important;\">C\u00e1c v\u00f9ng cao nguy\u00ean xung quanh c\u00f2n n\u1eafm gi\u1eef s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi H\u00e1n l\u1ec7 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. Ng\u1ef1a l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u00ed d\u1ee5. Nh\u1eefng l\u00fac Trung Hoa m\u1ea1nh nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 khi h\u1ecd chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ngu\u1ed3n ng\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng th\u1ea3o nguy\u00ean v\u00e0 cao nguy\u00ean. Nh\u00e0 T\u1ea7n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u1eeb ph\u00eda T\u00e2y c\u1ee7a Trung Nguy\u00ean, tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng s\u00f4ng V\u1ecb v\u00e0 li\u00ean h\u1ec7 ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd v\u1edbi c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m du m\u1ee5c tr\u00ean v\u00f9ng cao nguy\u00ean. Nh\u00e0 H\u00e1n, nh\u00e0 \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng, v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 Thanh c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n ng\u1ef1a d\u1ed3i d\u00e0o. Kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ng\u1eabu nhi\u00ean m\u00e0 \u0111\u00e2y c\u0169ng l\u00e0 c\u00e1c tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1i b\u00e0nh tr\u01b0\u1edbng quy m\u00f4 nh\u1ea5t trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed.&nbsp;<br style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: Arial; line-height: 10px; font-size: 18px !important;\">Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, nh\u00e0 T\u1ed1ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t bi k\u1ecbch v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1. B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh vi\u1ec7c th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u0103n quan trong n\u1ec1n h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh v\u00e0 qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1, vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ec3 m\u1ea5t to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 v\u00f9ng bi\u00ean v\u00e0o tay T\u00e2y H\u1ea1, Li\u00eau, Kim, M\u00f4ng C\u1ed5\u2026 l\u00e0m cho qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i suy y\u1ebfu v\u00ec h\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c cho k\u1ef5 binh. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u1ea3m h\u1ecda khi v\u01b0\u01a1ng tri\u1ec1u n\u00e0y g\u00e1nh ch\u1ecbu s\u1ef1 o \u00e9p t\u1eeb b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1ea5t trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5.<br style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: Arial; line-height: 10px; font-size: 18px !important;\">Nh\u00e2n s\u00e2m l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u00ed d\u1ee5 kh\u00e1c. Ch\u00ednh n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 \u201cgi\u1ebft ch\u1ebft\u201d nh\u00e0 Minh gi\u00e0u c\u00f3. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u00e3n ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng khai th\u00e1c nh\u00e2n s\u00e2m tr\u00ean n\u00fai Tr\u01b0\u1eddng B\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 v\u00f9ng Quan \u0110\u00f4ng, h\u1eb1ng n\u0103m bu\u00f4n b\u00e1n v\u00e0o Trung Qu\u1ed1c v\u1edbi s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn. H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y l\u00e0m ch\u1ea3y m\u00e1u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1ea1c kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3. Theo t\u00ednh to\u00e1n c\u1ee7a Richard von Glahn v\u00e0 Nicolas Di Cosmo, t\u1eeb 1606-1610, Trung Qu\u1ed1c nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u kho\u1ea3ng 68 t\u1ea5n b\u1ea1c m\u1ed7i n\u0103m. 1\/4 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1ea1c n\u00e0y (16 t\u1ea5n\/ n\u0103m) \u0111\u00e3 chuy\u1ec3n ra&nbsp; kh\u1ecfi Trung Qu\u1ed1c ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed5i l\u1ea5y nh\u00e2n s\u00e2m. \u0110i\u1ec1u ngh\u1ecbch l\u00ed l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u00e3n \u0111\u00e3 l\u1ea5y s\u1ed1 b\u1ea1c n\u00e0y mua thu\u1ed1c s\u00fang v\u00e0 s\u00fang m\u1edbi nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi B\u1ed3 \u0110\u00e0o Nha \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1eafn v\u00e0o Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Th\u00e0nh. N\u00f3i c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c, khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n Nam Kinh, B\u1eafc Kinh u\u1ed1ng nh\u00e2n s\u00e2m h\u1eb1ng ng\u00e0y, h\u1ecd \u0111ang g\u1eb7m nh\u1ea5m ch\u00ednh \u0111\u1ebf ch\u1ebf c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh.&nbsp;<br style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: Arial; line-height: 10px; font-size: 18px !important;\">Cho \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u00e0y nay, t\u00ecnh th\u1ebf \u201cl\u1ec7 thu\u1ed9c\u201d v\u00e0 b\u1ecb \u201cbao v\u00e2y\u201d c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi H\u00e1n v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u thay \u0111\u1ed5i. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c cao nguy\u00ean xung quanh v\u00f9ng Trung Nguy\u00ean \u0111\u1ec1u b\u1ecb \u201cchi\u1ebfm gi\u1eef\u201d b\u1edfi c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ng\u01b0\u1eddi H\u00e1n. N\u1ed9i M\u00f4ng, T\u00e2n C\u01b0\u01a1ng, Thanh H\u1ea3i, T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng, V\u00e2n Nam, Qu\u1ea3ng T\u00e2y\u2026 l\u00e0 n\u01a1i cung c\u1ea5p nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u, \u0111\u1ea5t ki\u1ebfm, kim lo\u1ea1i\u2026 cho v\u00f9ng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p ph\u00eda \u0111\u00f4ng. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u ngu\u1ed3n c\u00e1c con s\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec1u b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb \u0111\u00e2y. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u00ed gi\u1ea3i s\u1ef1 \u201cnh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m\u201d c\u1ee7a v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c v\u00e0 li khai t\u1ea1i Trung Qu\u1ed1c, v\u00ec c\u00f3 b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 b\u1ea5t \u1ed5n n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t n\u00e0y, g\u1ea7n t\u1ec9 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u1ecdc theo duy\u00ean h\u1ea3i ph\u00eda \u0111\u00f4ng s\u1ebd g\u1eb7p v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1.&nbsp;<br style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: Arial; line-height: 10px; font-size: 18px !important;\">T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i, nh\u00ecn v\u1ec1 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u1ee7a n\u1ec1n v\u0103n minh v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ebf Trung Hoa t\u1eeb g\u00f3c \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ecba l\u00fd cho th\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c n\u00e0y h\u00f9ng m\u1ea1nh, nh\u01b0ng d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u01a1n ch\u00fang ta ngh\u0129. Th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 n\u1eb1m \u1edf v\u1ecb tr\u00ed \u0111\u1ecba l\u00fd, nh\u01b0ng nh\u1eefng trang s\u1eed \u0111en t\u1ed1i nh\u1ea5t c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch t\u1eeb v\u1ecb tr\u00ed \u0111\u1ecba l\u00fd.&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-left: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 18px; line-height: 30px; font-family: Arial; vertical-align: baseline; letter-spacing: 0px;\"><span style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: 700; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 18px !important; line-height: 30px; font-family: Arial; vertical-align: baseline;\">Cai tr\u1ecb Trung Hoa v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3i l\u1eddi nguy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecba l\u00fd&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-left: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 18px; line-height: 30px; font-family: Arial; vertical-align: baseline; letter-spacing: 0px;\">\u0110\u1ecba l\u00fd kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 can d\u1ef1 v\u00e0o di\u1ec5n tr\u00ecnh l\u1ecbch s\u1eed Trung Hoa m\u00e0 c\u00f2n quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t c\u01b0\u1eddng qu\u1ed1c khu v\u1ef1c hay si\u00eau c\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. M\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd v\u00e0o c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c B\u1eafc Kinh v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh kh\u00f4ng gian \u0111\u1ecba l\u00fd v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ph\u1ed1i v\u00f9ng mi\u1ec1n.&nbsp;<br style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: Arial; line-height: 10px; font-size: 18px !important;\">Th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 v\u01b0\u01a1ng tri\u1ec1u n\u00e0o \u1edf Trung Hoa l\u00e0 ki\u1ebfm \u0111\u1ee7 l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c cho m\u1ed9t d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3. N\u1ea1n \u0111\u00f3i l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c h\u1ed9i k\u00edn, phong tr\u00e0o t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o, n\u1ed5i d\u1eady, l\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed5 v\u01b0\u01a1ng tri\u1ec1u, h\u1ed7n lo\u1ea1n, b\u1ea1o l\u1ef1c x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i\u2026 v\u00ec th\u1ebf, m\u1ed7i khi n\u01b0\u1edbc Ho\u00e0ng H\u00e0 tr\u00e0n b\u1edd l\u00e0 l\u00fac xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n nguy c\u01a1 h\u1ed7n lo\u1ea1n x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00e0ng l\u00e0m cho c\u00e1c nh\u00e2n t\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecba l\u00fd tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 tr\u1ea7m tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi n\u1ec1n ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb qu\u1ed1c gia. Tr\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t ng\u00e0y 28\/7\/1976 (\u0110\u01b0\u1eddng S\u01a1n, H\u00e0 B\u1eafc) ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n, khi x\u1ea3y ra, Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Trung Qu\u1ed1c kh\u00f4ng d\u00e1m c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 con s\u1ed1 n\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c t\u01b0 li\u1ec7u li\u00ean quan v\u00ec s\u1ee3 l\u00e0m \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn tinh th\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n; trong khi b\u00e1o ch\u00ed ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i nh\u00e2n m\u1ea1ng t\u1eeb 240,000 \u0111\u1ebfn 750,000 ng\u01b0\u1eddi (Walter Sullivan 1979).<br style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: Arial; line-height: 10px; font-size: 18px !important;\">Gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean, gi\u1ea3i l\u1eddi nguy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecba l\u00fd l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p ti\u00eau t\u1ed1n ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn s\u1ee9c l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Trung Hoa trong su\u1ed1t l\u1ecbch s\u1eed. T\u1eeb Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Th\u00e0nh, \u0110\u1ea1i V\u1eadn H\u00e0, Tam Hi\u1ec7p, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cao t\u1ed1c Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng H\u1ea3i-B\u1eafc Kinh, hay \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eaft Thanh H\u1ea3i-T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng d\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u1ee7a&nbsp; h\u00e0ng tri\u1ec7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u1eb1m gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 s\u1ed1ng c\u00f2n c\u1ee7a h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m tri\u1ec7u c\u01b0 d\u00e2n. \u0110\u00f3 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 c\u00e1c n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a Trung Hoa t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch tho\u00e1t ra kh\u1ecfi t\u00ecnh th\u1ebf b\u1ecb bao v\u00e2y v\u00e0 \u0111e d\u1ecda. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t nh\u1eb1m gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft \u0111i\u1ec3m y\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ecba ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Th\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ef3 v\u1ecdng l\u00e0 gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t h\u1ecd kh\u1ecfi n\u1ed7i \u00e1m \u1ea3nh c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n du m\u1ee5c, trong khi k\u00eanh \u0110\u1ea1i V\u1eadn H\u00e0 gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3i c\u1ee9u v\u00f9ng ph\u00eda B\u1eafc l\u1ec7 thu\u1ed9c nhi\u1ec1u v\u00e0o l\u00faa m\u00ec v\u00e0 k\u00ea b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u00faa g\u1ea1o \u1edf l\u01b0u v\u1ef1c Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Giang.&nbsp;<br style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: Arial; line-height: 10px; font-size: 18px !important;\">T\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c canh g\u00e1c Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Th\u00e0nh, v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c t\u1eeb Giang Nam l\u00ean B\u1eafc Kinh, hay t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi trao \u0111\u1ed5i mu\u1ed1i, t\u01a1 l\u1ee5a&#8230; l\u00e0 n\u1ed7i \u00e1m \u1ea3nh c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi cai tr\u1ecb v\u00ec ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 ng\u01b0ng tr\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y l\u00e0 l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c s\u1ebd c\u00f3 h\u00e0ng tri\u1ec7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u1ed5i d\u1eady (xem v\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 Khang Hy v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed l\u00faa g\u1ea1o, t\u01a1 l\u1ee5a (Spence, 1966)). Ch\u00ednh v\u00ec th\u1ebf, ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ea7m quy\u1ec1n \u1edf Trung Hoa lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n ho\u00e0i nghi d\u00e2n ch\u00fang v\u00e0 lo s\u1ee3 d\u00e2n ch\u00fang. T\u00e2m l\u00fd n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 T\u1ea7n Th\u1ee7y Ho\u00e0ng, H\u00e1n Cao T\u1ed5 hay \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng Th\u00e1i T\u00f4ng, Minh Th\u00e1i T\u1ed5, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n in d\u1ea5u trong t\u00e2m l\u00ed c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ea7m quy\u1ec1n Trung Hoa hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i. C\u00e1c n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00ec th\u1ebf t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh quy m\u00f4 nh\u1eb1m kh\u1ed1ng ch\u1ebf t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean, h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf vi\u1ec7c b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecba l\u00fd bao v\u00e2y, k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i c\u00e1c khu d\u00e2n c\u01b0, ngu\u1ed3n t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean, v\u00e0 v\u00f9ng chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c&#8230; nh\u1eb1m tr\u00e1nh r\u1ee7i ro v\u1edbi h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m tri\u1ec7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi H\u00e1n d\u1ecdc duy\u00ean h\u1ea3i.&nbsp;<br style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: Arial; line-height: 10px; font-size: 18px !important;\">Th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1ef1 tr\u1ecb, r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c l\u1ecfng l\u1ebbo, ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ed5 ti, c\u1eed qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i th\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng bi\u00ean, ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh ngo\u1ea1i giao h\u00f4n nh\u00e2n v\u1edbi th\u1ee7 l\u0129nh \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 tri\u1ec1u c\u1ed1ng, s\u00e1ch phong&#8230; t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng g\u00ec kh\u00e1c h\u01a1n l\u00e0&nbsp; m\u1ed9t Trung Hoa mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c y\u00ean \u1ed5n \u1edf c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng bi\u00ean. V\u1edbi t\u01b0 c\u00e1ch l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t si\u00eau c\u01b0\u1eddng kinh t\u1ebf, Trung Qu\u1ed1c hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i c\u00f3 th\u00eam c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft n\u1ed7i \u00e1m \u1ea3nh \u0111\u1ecba l\u00fd n\u00e0y, m\u00e0 m\u1edbi nh\u1ea5t ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n \u201cM\u1ed9t v\u00e0nh \u0111ai, m\u1ed9t con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng\u201d.&nbsp;<\/p>\n<aside class=\"element element-pullquote element--supporting\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 30px; font-family: Arial; vertical-align: baseline; float: left; clear: left; width: 330px; font-size: 18px !important;\">\n<blockquote style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 20px; padding-right: 0px; border-width: 0px 0px 0px 5px; border-left-style: solid; border-color: rgb(244, 27, 27); font-style: italic; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: bold; font-stretch: inherit; line-height: 30px; font-family: tsWindowFont, Arial, sans-serif; vertical-align: baseline; quotes: none; color: rgb(102, 102, 102); font-size: 18px !important;\">\n<p class=\"pullquote-paragraph\" style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-left: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: normal; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 18px; line-height: 30px; font-family: Arial; vertical-align: baseline; letter-spacing: 0px; color: rgb(119, 119, 119);\">\u201cM\u1ed9t v\u00e0nh \u0111ai, m\u1ed9t con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng\u201d, b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh vi\u1ec7c m\u1edf ra th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1edbi, ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 s\u1ef1 chuy\u1ec3n d\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf, v\u00e0 tham v\u1ecdng ch\u1ea1y \u0111ua quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u, th\u1ef1c ra ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 trang ti\u1ebfp theo c\u1ee7a B\u1eafc Kinh nh\u1eb1m tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi th\u1ebf bao v\u00e2y v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ecba l\u00fd v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecba ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb m\u00e0 h\u1ecd \u0111ang g\u1eb7p ph\u1ea3i.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<\/aside>\n<p style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-left: 0px; padding: 0px; border: 0px; font-style: inherit; font-variant: inherit; font-weight: inherit; font-stretch: inherit; font-size: 18px; line-height: 30px; font-family: Arial; vertical-align: baseline; letter-spacing: 0px;\">&nbsp;\u201cM\u1ed9t v\u00e0nh \u0111ai, m\u1ed9t con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng\u201d, b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh vi\u1ec7c m\u1edf ra th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1edbi, ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 s\u1ef1 chuy\u1ec3n d\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf, v\u00e0 tham v\u1ecdng ch\u1ea1y \u0111ua quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u, th\u1ef1c ra ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 trang ti\u1ebfp theo c\u1ee7a B\u1eafc Kinh nh\u1eb1m tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi th\u1ebf bao v\u00e2y v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ecba l\u00fd v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecba ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb m\u00e0 h\u1ecd \u0111ang g\u1eb7p ph\u1ea3i. H\u1ecd nh\u00ecn sang ph\u00eda \u0110\u00f4ng, to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 c\u00e1c b\u00e1n \u0111\u1ea3o v\u00e0 qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o t\u1eeb Tri\u1ec1u Ti\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn eo Malacca \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 c\u0103n c\u1ee9 qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9. B\u00ean ngo\u00e0i l\u00e0 h\u1ea1m \u0111\u1ed9i 7 y\u1ec3m tr\u1ee3. H\u1ea3i qu\u00e2n Trung Hoa kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ra Th\u00e1i B\u00ecnh D\u01b0\u01a1ng. H\u1ecd nh\u00ecn t\u1edbi c\u00e1c cao nguy\u00ean xung quanh, t\u1eeb N\u1ed9i M\u00f4ng, Thanh H\u1ea3i, T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng, T\u00e2n C\u01b0\u01a1ng, V\u00e2n Nam, Qu\u1ea3ng T\u00e2y\u2026 l\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n cung c\u1ea5p nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c cho h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p ph\u00eda \u0110\u00f4ng, \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 nguy c\u01a1 g\u1eb7p ph\u1ea3i nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 nh\u01b0 li khai, xung \u0111\u1ed9t t\u1ed9c ng\u01b0\u1eddi, t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o. Xa h\u01a1n n\u1eefa l\u00e0 d\u00e3y Himalaya v\u00e0 c\u00e1c hoang m\u1ea1c ng\u0103n c\u1ea3n h\u1ecd giao th\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda T\u00e2y.&nbsp;<br style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: Arial; line-height: 10px; font-size: 18px !important;\">M\u1ed9t v\u00e0nh \u0111ai m\u1ed9t con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng, m\u1edf c\u1ea3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc s\u00e2u \u1edf \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 D\u01b0\u01a1ng, b\u00e0nh tr\u01b0\u1edbng \u1edf Bi\u1ec3n \u0110\u00f4ng, tranh ch\u1ea5p c\u00e1c qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o v\u1edbi Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch Trung Hoa t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ra b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i, ph\u00e1 v\u1ee1 th\u1ebf bao v\u00e2y n\u00e0y. Th\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n n\u00f3i tr\u00ean, v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua c\u00e1c toan t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ecba ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u hay n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y giao th\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea9y m\u1ea1nh th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng cho n\u1ec1n s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t Trung Qu\u1ed1c, ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c nh\u1eb1m gi\u1ea3i c\u1ee9u Trung Hoa ra kh\u1ecfi n\u1ed7i \u00e1m \u1ea3nh \u0111\u1ecba l\u00fd v\u00e0 t\u00ecnh th\u1ebf b\u1ecb bao v\u00e2y. Vi\u1ec7c t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng, th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y d\u1ecbch chuy\u1ec3n d\u00e2n c\u01b0\u2026 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 qu\u00e1 t\u1eadp trung \u1edf v\u00f9ng duy\u00ean h\u1ea3i, khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch di c\u01b0 v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda T\u00e2y, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y pha tr\u1ed9n v\u0103n h\u00f3a, t\u0103ng s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi H\u00e1n, v\u00e0 gia t\u0103ng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c v\u1ed1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 ngh\u00e8o n\u00e0n, n\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u00e2n thi\u1ec7n v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi H\u00e1n.&nbsp;<br style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: Arial; line-height: 10px; font-size: 18px !important;\">Tham v\u1ecdng ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n n\u00e0y l\u00e0 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng. N\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0a quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 \u201c\u0111i\u1ec3m y\u1ebfu\u201d, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 T\u00e2n C\u01b0\u01a1ng, T\u00e2y T\u1ea1ng, l\u00e0 hai \u0111\u1ea7u ngu\u1ed3n c\u1ee7a Ho\u00e0ng H\u00e0 v\u00e0 Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Giang, v\u00e0 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i Trung Hoa v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed3ng minh m\u1edbi Pakistan hay c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc trung v\u00e0 t\u00e2y \u00c1. Nhi\u1ec1u khu v\u1ef1c \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng ki\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 \u201ctho\u00e1i lui\u201d c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9, v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e2y r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i cho B\u1eafc Kinh th\u1ebf ch\u00e2n. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, thay v\u00ec b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecba l\u00fd bao v\u00e2y, B\u1eafc Kinh d\u00f9ng d\u1ef1 \u00e1n n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 \u201cbao v\u00e2y\u201d v\u00e0 kh\u1ed1ng ch\u1ebf c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho l\u00e0 tr\u1ecdng y\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf, qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, v\u00e0 m\u1edf \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cho nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n.&nbsp;<br style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: Arial; line-height: 10px; font-size: 18px !important;\">Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eb1m ch\u1ec9 ra Trung Hoa l\u00e0 duy nh\u1ea5t trong c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ecba l\u00fd. C\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed5 l\u1ed7i cho nh\u1eefng th\u0103ng tr\u1ea7m c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ebf ch\u1ebf n\u00e0y l\u00e0 t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ecba l\u00fd, hay coi \u0111\u1ecba l\u00fd l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ecdi bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a n\u1ec1n v\u0103n minh Trung Hoa. Nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ebf ch\u1ebf v\u00e0 qu\u1ed1c gia tr\u1ea3i qua nh\u1eefng di\u1ec5n tr\u00ecnh l\u1ecbch s\u1eed t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1. B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft ch\u1ec9 h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm m\u1ed1i li\u00ean h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecba l\u00fd, t\u1ed9c ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 th\u0103ng tr\u1ea7m l\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ebf ch\u1ebf l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i. \u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0a th\u00eam v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec3u, m\u1ed9t g\u00f3c nh\u00ecn kh\u00e1c \u0111a chi\u1ec1u v\u1ec1 vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a&nbsp; \u0111\u1ecba l\u00fd v\u1edbi t\u01b0 c\u00e1ch l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e2n t\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh v\u0103n h\u00f3a, v\u0103n minh. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed Vi\u1ec7t Nam ch\u1ecbu \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ecf t\u1eeb bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3 l\u00ean xu\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c v\u00f9ng Trung Nguy\u00ean. V\u00ec th\u1ebf, b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft n\u00e0o t\u1eeb ph\u00eda \u201cNam\u201d v\u1ec1 t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh ph\u00eda \u201cB\u1eafc\u201d c\u0169ng l\u00e0 qu\u00fd gi\u00e1 nh\u1eb1m t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u00f3 v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e1ng gi\u1ec1ng v\u00e0 si\u00eau c\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e0y. \u25a1<br style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: Arial; line-height: 10px; font-size: 18px !important;\">&#8212;&#8212;<br style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: Arial; line-height: 10px; font-size: 18px !important;\">Tham kh\u1ea3o<br style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: Arial; line-height: 10px; font-size: 18px !important;\">Dardess, J. W. (2013). A political life in Ming China: a grand secretary and his times. Lanham: Rowman &amp; Littlefield Publishers, Inc.<br style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: Arial; line-height: 10px; font-size: 18px !important;\">Di Cosmo, N. (2014). Climate Change and the Rise of an Empire | Institute for Advanced Study. Retriev<br style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: Arial; line-height: 10px; font-size: 18px !important;\">October 12, 2018, from https:\/\/www.ias.edu\/ideas\/2014\/dicosmo-mongol-climate<br style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: Arial; line-height: 10px; font-size: 18px !important;\">Kaplan, R. D. (2012). The revenge of geography : what the map tells us about coming conflicts and the battle against fate. New York: Random House.<br style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: Arial; line-height: 10px; font-size: 18px !important;\">Kaplan, R. D. (2014). Asia\u2019s cauldron: the South China Sea and the end of a stable Pacific (1. ed.). New York: Random House.<br style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: Arial; line-height: 10px; font-size: 18px !important;\">Kuhn, P. A. (1990). Soulstealers : the Chinese sorcery scare of 1768. Cambridge, Mass. [u.a.]: Harvard University Press.<br style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: Arial; line-height: 10px; font-size: 18px !important;\">Marshall, T. (2015). Prisoners of geography: ten maps that tell you everything you need to know about global politics. London: Elliot and Thompson Limited.<br style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: Arial; line-height: 10px; font-size: 18px !important;\">Pederson, N., Hessl, A. E., Baatarbileg, N., Anchukaitis, K. J., &amp; Di Cosmo, N. (2014). Pluvials, droughts, the Mongol Empire, and modern Mongolia. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 111(12), 4375\u20139. http:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.1318677111<br style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: Arial; line-height: 10px; font-size: 18px !important;\">Spence, J. D. (1966). Ts\u02bbao Yin and the K\u02bbang-hsi Emperor ; bondservant and master. New Haven: Yale University Press.<br style=\"box-sizing: border-box; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; font-family: Arial; line-height: 10px; font-size: 18px !important;\">Walter Sullivan. 1979. Catastrophic Scope of 1976 China Earthquake Is Revealed, https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/1979\/06\/11\/archives\/catastrophic-scope-of-1976-china-earthquake-is-revealed-10000.html (accessed on 10\/10\/2018).<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>Ngu\u1ed3n:&nbsp;<a href=\"http:\/\/tiasang.com.vn\/-khoa-hoc-cong-nghe\/Trung-Hoa-Mot-tu-nhan-cua-dia-ly-16411\">http:\/\/tiasang.com.vn\/-khoa-hoc-cong-nghe\/Trung-Hoa-Mot-tu-nhan-cua-dia-ly-16411<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 v\u00f9ng gi\u00e1p ph\u00eda Nam c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c l\u00e0 &#8220;hi\u1ec1n&#8221; h\u01a1n, kh\u00f4ng c\u01b0\u1edbp b\u00f3c Trung Hoa nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng l\u00e1ng gi\u1ec1ng \u1edf ba m\u1eb7t kia. Th\u00e0nh ra Trung Qu\u1ed1c r\u1ea3nh tay l\u00e0 l\u1ea5n v\u1ec1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng Nam (m\u00e0 c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"quote","meta":{"_mi_skip_tracking":false},"categories":[31],"tags":[1278,367],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p8jhJx-vv","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/short\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1953"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/short\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/short\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/short\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/short\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1953"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/short\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1953\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/short\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1953"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/short\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1953"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/short\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1953"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}