\u201cL\u00caN G\u00c1C R\u00daT THANG\u201d V\u00c0 CHUY\u1ec6N TR\u01af\u1edcNG CH\u1eccN (X\u1ee8 ANH)*<\/p>\n
\u0110\u00e3 l\u00e2u kh\u00f4ng vi\u1ebft tr\u00ean trang c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n, nh\u01b0ng m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c tranh lu\u1eadn g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y th\u00f4i th\u00fac t\u00f4i ph\u1ea3i vi\u1ebft \u0111\u00f4i \u0111i\u1ec1u v\u1ec1 gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c. M\u1ed9t ti\u1ebfn s\u0129 kinh t\u1ebf c\u00f3 ti\u1ebfng trong n\u01b0\u1edbc khu\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ed9ng d\u01b0 lu\u1eadn b\u1eb1ng \u00fd ki\u1ebfn d\u1eb9p b\u1ecf tr\u01b0\u1eddng chuy\u00ean, m\u00e0 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i Amsterdam, n\u01a1i anh t\u1eebng theo h\u1ecdc. Anh cho r\u1eb1ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng chuy\u00ean l\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a b\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng, nh\u1eadn nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1eb7c l\u1ee3i t\u1eeb ng\u00e2n s\u00e1ch, m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p b\u1edfi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ngh\u00e8o, m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng mang l\u1ea1i l\u1ee3i \u00edch \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 n\u00e0o ngo\u00e0i vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m l\u1ee3i cho con nh\u00e0 gi\u00e0u. Ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng m\u1edbi. Tr\u01b0\u1eddng chuy\u00ean, m\u1ed7i m\u00f9a tuy\u1ec3n sinh, l\u1ea1i tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh t\u00e2m \u0111i\u1ec3m h\u1ee9ng b\u00faa r\u00ecu d\u01b0 lu\u1eadn. C\u00f3 kh\u00e1c ch\u0103ng n\u0103m nay ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m n\u00f3ng b\u1edfi m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi nhi\u1ec1u kinh nghi\u1ec7m t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch, t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t t\u00ean tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p \u201ct\u01b0 nh\u00e2n h\u00f3a\u201d \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u0103ng h\u00e1i nh\u1eafc t\u1edbi.<\/p>\n
D\u00f9 mu\u1ed1n hay kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i th\u1eeba nh\u1eadn tr\u01b0\u1eddng chuy\u00ean l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 g\u00e2y chia r\u1ebd. B\u00e1o ch\u00ed v\u00e0 m\u1ea1ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i d\u1ec5 h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecdc b\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m, chia s\u1ebb, x\u00fac c\u1ea3m c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u1ecd ng\u01b0\u1eddi kia v\u00e0 kho\u00e9t s\u00e2u chia r\u1ebd. Nh\u01b0ng nhi\u00eau \u0111\u00f3 ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ee7 thuy\u1ebft ph\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m lu\u1eadn c\u1ee9 cho vi\u1ec7c ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed5i hay \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch th\u1ea3i h\u1ed3i v\u00e0 t\u01b0 nh\u00e2n h\u00f3a tr\u01b0\u1eddng chuy\u00ean. S\u1ebd l\u00e0 khi\u1ebfm khuy\u1ebft l\u1edbn n\u1ebfu trong cu\u1ed9c th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn n\u00e0y, ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m r\u00f5 nh\u1eefng c\u0103n c\u1ee9 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng ph\u00eda sau ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch tr\u01b0\u1eddng chuy\u00ean.<\/p>\n
B\u00e0i kh\u00e1 d\u00e0i, m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi quan t\u00e2m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecdc chi ti\u1ebft t\u1eebng ph\u1ea7n ph\u00eda d\u01b0\u1edbi v\u00e0 th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn th\u00eam. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi vi\u1ebft tham chi\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ebfn h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ea1i \u1edf Anh, nh\u1eb1m l\u00e0m r\u00f5 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00fd gi\u1ea3i r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng xung quanh b\u1ee9c x\u00fac tr\u01b0\u1eddng chuy\u00ean \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam, v\u00ed d\u1ee5:<\/p>\n
– X\u1ee9 Anh c\u00f3 tr\u01b0\u1eddng chuy\u00ean l\u1edbp ch\u1ecdn gi\u1ed1ng ta kh\u00f4ng? [ph\u1ea7n 1]
\n– Ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c chia r\u1ebd hai \u0111\u1ea3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc Anh nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o? [ph\u1ea7n 2]
\n– T\u1ea1i sao c\u00e1nh c\u1eeda tr\u01b0\u1eddng chuy\u00ean c\u1ea7n r\u1ed9ng m\u1edf v\u1edbi con nh\u00e0 ngh\u00e8o? [ph\u1ea7n 3]
\n– V\u00ec sao kh\u00f3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed3ng thu\u1eadn khi \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng c\u1ee7a tr\u01b0\u1eddng chuy\u00ean? [ph\u1ea7n 4]
\n– T\u1ea1i sao c\u1ea7n \u0111a d\u1ea1ng h\u00f3a gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean t\u01b0 nh\u00e2n h\u00f3a tr\u01b0\u1eddng chuy\u00ean? [ph\u1ea7n 5]<\/p>\n
1. Tr\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ecdn, tr\u01b0\u1eddng chuy\u00ean, hay tr\u01b0\u1eddng n\u0103ng khi\u1ebfu?<\/p>\n
Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn t\u00f4i ph\u1ea3i tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 xung \u0111\u1ed9t l\u1ee3i \u00edch. T\u00f4i c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u1ef1u sinh tr\u01b0\u1eddng chuy\u00ean. Nh\u1eefng tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i t\u1ea1i tr\u01b0\u1eddng chuy\u00ean ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng kh\u1ecfi \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i.<\/p>\n
M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i khi\u1ebfn t\u00f4i \u00e1m \u1ea3nh nh\u1ea5t trong su\u1ed1t th\u1eddi gian \u1edf tr\u01b0\u1eddng chuy\u00ean l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft ph\u1ea3i d\u1ecbch ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c t\u00ean tr\u01b0\u1eddng m\u00ecnh ra ti\u1ebfng Anh nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o. C\u00f3 qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u c\u1ee5m t\u1eeb t\u00f4i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghe qua nh\u01b0 \u201cgrammar school, \u201dschool for gifted children\u201d, \u201dspecialised school\u201d nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u n\u1ed9i h\u00e0m b\u00ean trong v\u00e0 v\u00ec sao c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef cho m\u1ed9t th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1ebf. B\u0103n kho\u0103n n\u00e0y ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i t\u1ecfa khi t\u00f4i h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp v\u00e0 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1i Anh v\u00e0 nh\u1eadn ra:<\/p>\n
\u201cN\u01b0\u1edbc Anh \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 tr\u01b0\u1eddng chuy\u00ean gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 ta.\u201d<\/p>\n
Gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed v\u00e0 b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c \u1edf Anh chia l\u00e0m 2 c\u1ea5p: ti\u1ec3u h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 trung h\u1ecdc. \u0110\u1ebfn b\u1eadc trung h\u1ecdc (b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb h\u1ecdc sinh 11 tu\u1ed5i) h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u ph\u00e2n h\u00f3a.<\/p>\n
Trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng trung h\u1ecdc c\u00f4ng l\u1eadp, g\u1ea7n gi\u1ed1ng v\u1edbi tr\u01b0\u1eddng chuy\u00ean c\u1ee7a ta nh\u1ea5t c\u00f3 l\u1ebd l\u00e0 \u201cgrammar school\u201d m\u00e0 t\u00f4i t\u1ea1m d\u1ecbch l\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ecdn. C\u00f2n t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i r\u1ea5t \u00edt tr\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, c\u1ea3 x\u1ee9 Anh (England) v\u1edbi 3,000 tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f4ng, ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 163 tr\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ecdn, l\u00e0 c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 danh ti\u1ebfng, nh\u1eadn r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u \u01b0u \u00e1i t\u1eeb ng\u00e2n s\u00e1ch nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 c\u00f3 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u01b0\u1ee3t tr\u1ed9i. Tuy\u1ec3n sinh \u1edf c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f4ng kh\u00e1c ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a ph\u1ee5 huynh v\u00e0 kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u00e0 (t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m \u0111\u00fang tuy\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a ta). Nh\u01b0ng nhu c\u1ea7u v\u00e0o tr\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ecdn lu\u00f4n qu\u00e1 t\u1ea3i v\u00e0 h\u1ecdc sinh 11 tu\u1ed5i ph\u1ea3i v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua 1 k\u00ec thi tuy\u1ec3n cam go \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ecdn v\u00e0o tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n
M\u1ed9t hi\u1ec3u nh\u1ea7m ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ch\u1ea1y tr\u01b0\u1eddng, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 h\u1ecdc th\u00eam. Th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf \u1edf Anh, \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1eef 1 gh\u1ebf trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ecdn, ph\u1ee5 huynh ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ea1y marathon r\u1ea5t s\u1edbm, thu\u00ea gia s\u01b0 ph\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ea1o cho con th\u1eadm ch\u00ed 3 n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc k\u00ec thi v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u00e0y n\u1ed9p h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 v\u00e0o tr\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ecdn, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y ph\u1ee5 huynh x\u1ebfp h\u00e0ng d\u00e0i nhi\u1ec1u con ph\u1ed1. N\u1ed9i dung thi ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c t\u1eebng tr\u01b0\u1eddng, kh\u00f4ng n\u1eb1m trong ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o ti\u1ec3u h\u1ecdc th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng m\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu v\u1ec1 \u201cn\u0103ng l\u1ef1c\u201d, bao g\u1ed3m suy lu\u1eadn s\u1ed1, suy lu\u1eadn ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef, suy lu\u1eadn h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh, \u0111\u1ecdc hi\u1ec3u, ng\u1eef ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 vi\u1ebft lu\u1eadn s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o.<\/p>\n
Tr\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ecdn l\u00e0 di s\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 60 th\u1ebf k\u1ec9 tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi m\u00e0 tr\u1ebb b\u01b0\u1edbc sang tu\u1ed5i 11 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i v\u00e0o tr\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ecdn ho\u1eb7c tr\u01b0\u1eddng th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 k\u00ec thi n\u0103m 11 tu\u1ed5i n\u00e0y th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u1eb7t cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi: tr\u1ebb h\u1ecdc tr\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ecdn s\u1ebd d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n b\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc c\u00f2n nh\u1eefng tr\u1ebb kh\u00e1c s\u1ebd v\u00e0o tr\u01b0\u1eddng ngh\u1ec1 (ho\u1eb7c tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1eddi). Ng\u00e0y nay h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb thu h\u1eb9p \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 (\u0111\u1ec9nh \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng c\u00f3 t\u1edbi h\u01a1n 1.200 tr\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ecdn \u1edf x\u1ee9 Anh) v\u00e0 h\u1ecdc sinh tr\u01b0\u1eddng th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1eabn c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc. Tuy nhi\u00ean h\u1ecdc sinh tr\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ecdn, x\u00e9t v\u1ec1 t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 v\u1eabn \u0111\u1ea1t k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 cao h\u01a1n khi thi v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 h\u1ecd hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n \u1edf c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 Oxford, Cambridge v\u00e0 trong t\u1ea7ng l\u1edbp tinh hoa, ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb gia sau n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n
Nh\u01b0ng kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi tr\u01b0\u1eddng chuy\u00ean c\u1ee7a ta, tr\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ecdn kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o n\u0103ng khi\u1ebfu, kh\u00f4ng d\u1ea1y chuy\u00ean v\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu (KPI) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh \u1edf l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ecdc sinh v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc. \u0110\u1ea3ng Lao \u0111\u1ed9ng khi n\u1eafm quy\u1ec1n nh\u1eefng n\u0103m \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ebf k\u1ec9 n\u00e0y, gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u v\u00e0 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng specialised schools (t\u1ea1m d\u1ecbch tr\u01b0\u1eddng chuy\u00ean). \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eadn th\u00eam ti\u1ec1n t\u1eeb ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ed5 sung v\u00e0o ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ea1i tr\u00e0 1 ho\u1eb7c 2 m\u00f4n chuy\u00ean trong s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c m\u00f4n: Ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt, Kinh doanh, C\u01a1 kh\u00ed, Nh\u00e2n v\u0103n, Ngo\u1ea1i Ng\u1eef, To\u00e1n v\u00e0 M\u00e1y t\u00ednh, \u00c2m nhac, Ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt, Th\u1ec3 thao, C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7. Tuy nhi\u00ean kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ecdn, c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c thi tuy\u1ec3n ho\u1eb7c r\u1ea5t \u00edt thi tuy\u1ec3n (10% ch\u1ec9 ti\u00eau) v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 danh ti\u1ebfng l\u00e2u \u0111\u1eddi nh\u01b0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ecdn. N\u01b0\u1edbc Anh \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f4ng n\u0103ng khi\u1ebfu, v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 tuy\u1ec3n ch\u1ecdn, \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o h\u1ecdc sinh tham gia c\u00e1c k\u00ec thi qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf.<\/p>\n
So s\u00e1nh nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y tr\u01b0\u1eddng chuy\u00ean \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 r\u1ea5t ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p. V\u1edbi m\u1ed7i tr\u01b0\u1eddng chuy\u00ean c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 lai t\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a 1, 2 ho\u1eb7c 3 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 trong s\u1ed1: tr\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ecdn, tr\u01b0\u1eddng chuy\u00ean v\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng n\u0103ng khi\u1ebfu. Nhi\u1ec1u tr\u01b0\u1eddng chuy\u00ean tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y c\u00f3 t\u00ean l\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng n\u0103ng khi\u1ebfu d\u00f9 vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ed5i t\u00ean kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a tr\u01b0\u1eddng. Hi\u1ec7n nay tr\u01b0\u1eddng chuy\u00ean c\u1ea5p 2 r\u1ea5t kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi tr\u01b0\u1eddng chuy\u00ean c\u1ea5p 3.<\/p>\n
\u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u00e0m cho th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn ch\u00ednh v\u1ec1 s\u00e1ch tr\u01b0\u1eddng chuy\u00ean r\u1ea5t ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng t\u00e1ch bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u1ea1ch r\u00f2i v\u00ec m\u1ed7i y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 n\u00e0y l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 g\u00f3t ch\u00e2n A-sin ri\u00eang. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ec9 tr\u00edch ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn (c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ee3p l\u00fd ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng) v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o \u201cg\u00e0 ch\u1ecdi\u201d, \u201ch\u1ecdc l\u1ec7ch\u201d,\u2026 th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf l\u00e0 ch\u0129a v\u00e0o \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng \u201cn\u0103ng khi\u1ebfu\u201d c\u1ee7a tr\u01b0\u1eddng chuy\u00ean h\u01a1n l\u00e0 \u201cch\u1ecdn\u201d, v\u00e0 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng chuy\u00ean c\u1ea5p 3 h\u01a1n l\u00e0 c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng chuy\u00ean c\u1ea5p 2. Kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 mang m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng g\u00e2y tranh c\u00e3i \u1edf tr\u01b0\u1eddng chuy\u00ean c\u1ea5p 2 H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i Amsterdam \u0111\u1ec3 quy n\u1ea1p ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch cho t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 tr\u01b0\u1eddng chuy\u00ean tr\u00ean c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n
T\u00f4i s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e2n t\u00edch s\u00e2u s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng chuy\u00ean \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam trong b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y m\u00e0 mu\u1ed1n t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh \u201ctr\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ecdn\u201d, v\u00ec n\u00f3 l\u00e0 kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh li\u00ean quan tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 l\u00e3ng ph\u00ed \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 c\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng l\u00e0m lu\u1eadn c\u1ee9 cho \u201ct\u01b0 nh\u00e2n h\u00f3a tr\u01b0\u1eddng chuy\u00ean\u201d.<\/p>\n
2. L\u00ean g\u00e1c r\u00fat thang v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea7u ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch<\/p>\n
Tr\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ecdn l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng v\u1eabn \u0111\u1ec1 xung \u0111\u1ed9t ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a hai ch\u00ednh \u0111\u1ea3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc Anh. \u1ea8n s\u00e2u trong \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 xung \u0111\u1ed9t v\u1ec1 \u00fd th\u1ee9c h\u1ec7. M\u1ed9t v\u00ed d\u1ee5 ti\u00eau bi\u1ec3u d\u01b0\u1edbi post n\u00e0y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t video tranh lu\u1eadn gi\u1eefa c\u1ef1u th\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng Anh Theresa May v\u00e0 L\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o \u0110\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ed1i l\u1eadp Jeremy Corbyn trong m\u1ed9t phi\u00ean \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ea7n di\u1ec5n ra v\u00e0o m\u1ed7i tr\u01b0a th\u1ee9 4 h\u00e0ng tu\u1ea7n, trong \u0111\u00f3 b\u00e0 May, \u0111\u1ea3ng B\u1ea3o th\u1ee7 kh\u00e1 v\u1ea5t v\u1ea3 trong vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ec1 \u00e1n m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ecdn (grammar schools), tr\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1eefng ch\u1ec9 tr\u00edch gay g\u1eaft t\u1eeb \u00f4ng Corbyn \u0111\u1ea3ng Lao \u0111\u1ed9ng. Ph\u00eda sau h\u1eadu tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed th\u0103ng tr\u1ea7m trong su\u1ed1t h\u01a1n 70 n\u0103m c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ecdn, khi b\u1ecb thu h\u1eb9p g\u1ea7n m\u1ee9c x\u00f3a s\u1ed5, khi th\u00ec m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i gi\u1eefa s\u1ef1 thay phi\u00ean c\u1ea7m quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea3ng Lao \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 B\u1ea3o th\u1ee7.<\/p>\n
Tham chi\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ebfn tranh lu\u1eadn n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eb1m \u00e1p \u0111\u1eb7t t\u01b0 duy gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t n\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, m\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m r\u00f5 nhi\u1ec1u kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch m\u00e0 ta ch\u01b0a b\u00e0n lu\u1eadn th\u1ea5u \u0111\u00e1o trong khi n\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t l\u1ecbch s\u1eed tranh lu\u1eadn v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3n bi\u1ec7n k\u0129 c\u00e0ng.<\/p>\n
C\u00f3 l\u1ebd \u0111\u00e1ng l\u01b0u \u00fd nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 kho\u1ea3nh kh\u1eafc b\u00e0 May mang chuy\u1ec7n \u0111\u1eddi t\u01b0 \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ea3n b\u00e1c \u00f4ng Corbyn. Hai con ng\u01b0\u1eddi quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c nh\u1ea5t trong hai ch\u00ednh \u0111\u1ea3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc Anh \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng theo h\u1ecdc \u1edf tr\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ecdn d\u00f9 h\u1ecd \u0111ang \u0111\u1ee9ng \u1edf hai b\u1edd chi\u1ebfn tuy\u1ebfn khi \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111o\u1ea1t s\u1ed1 ph\u1eadn h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e0y. B\u00e0 May c\u00e1o bu\u1ed9c \u00f4ng Corbyn \u201cl\u00ean g\u00e1c r\u00fat thang\u201d v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng qu\u00ean m\u1ec9a mai vi\u1ec7c qu\u00fd t\u1eed c\u1ee7a Corbyn c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eedi t\u1edbi tr\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ecdn d\u00f9 \u00f4ng b\u1ed1 nh\u00e2n danh t\u1ea7ng l\u1edbp th\u1ee3 thuy\u1ec1n lao \u0111\u1ed9ng lu\u00f4n ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c \u201cchia r\u1ebd\u201d n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n
N\u0103m 1999 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3nh kh\u1eafc sinh t\u1eed v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a Corbyn khi con trai \u00f4ng chuy\u1ec3n c\u1ea5p. Claudia Bracchitta, ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1ee3 th\u1ee9 2 c\u1ee7a Corbyn tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 b\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn g\u1eedi con \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f4ng \u201c\u0111\u00fang tuy\u1ebfn\u201d nh\u01b0ng r\u1ea5t t\u1ec7 theo k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 ki\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng 3 n\u0103m g\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea5y. Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng con 2 ng\u01b0\u1eddi theo h\u1ecdc tr\u01b0\u1eddng Queen Elizabeth’s School, m\u1ed9t tr\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ecdn \u1edf B\u1eafc London [t\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean ph\u1ea3i qua thi tuy\u1ec3n]. Cu\u1ed9c ly h\u00f4n ngay sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ee9u v\u00e3n s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a Corbyn kh\u1ecfi c\u00e1i m\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c gi\u1ea3 theo ki\u1ec3u Tu\u00fdp-ph\u1edd-n\u1edd.<\/p>\n
3. Tr\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ecdn, ph\u00e2n t\u1ea7ng x\u00e3 h\u00f4i, v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch chuy\u1ec3n x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i<\/p>\n
V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 g\u00e2y chia r\u1ebd s\u00e2u xa trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ecdn \u1edf Anh (v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 v\u1edbi tr\u01b0\u1eddng chuy\u00ean \u1edf ta) l\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ecb nguy\u00ean. Khi \u0111\u1eb7t ra tr\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ecdn th\u00ec m\u1eb7c nhi\u00ean th\u1eeba nh\u1eadn s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i tr\u1ebb th\u00e0nh 2 nh\u00f3m (gi\u1ecfi v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ecfi), v\u00e0 b\u1ecb ch\u1ec9 tr\u00edch l\u00e0 h\u00ecnh th\u00e1i ph\u00e2n chia t\u1ea7ng l\u1edbp x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i s\u1edbm ngay tr\u00ean gh\u1ebf nh\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o cho nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ee9a tr\u1ebb tr\u01b0\u1eddng th\u01b0\u1eddng khi tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1eed nh\u01b0 c\u00f4ng d\u00e2n h\u1ea1ng 2 v\u00e0 kh\u00f3 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn th\u00e0nh qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho l\u00e0 h\u01b0\u1edfng nhi\u1ec1u \u01b0u \u00e1i h\u01a1n h\u1ecd b\u01b0\u1edbc ra t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ecdn. H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ecdn b\u1ecb c\u00e1o bu\u1ed9c t\u1ea1o nh\u00e2n sinh quan m\u00e9o m\u00f3, thi\u1ebfu c\u1ea3m th\u00f4ng khi tr\u1ebb \u0111\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 g\u1eb7p nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u1ed1ng m\u00ecnh (c\u00f9ng g\u1eafn m\u00e1c gi\u1ecfi ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ecfi) v\u00e0 m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi quan h\u1ec7 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i phi\u1ebfn di\u1ec7n n\u00e0y ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c theo tr\u1ebb khi tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh.<\/p>\n
Ngay c\u1ea3 khi tr\u1ebb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ecdn thu\u1ea7n t\u00fay d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c, m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i thi kh\u00e1ch quan, th\u00ec con c\u00e1i c\u1ee7a gia \u0111\u00ecnh c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n c\u0169ng s\u1ebd c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i h\u01a1n b\u1ea1n b\u00e8 c\u00f9ng trang l\u1ee9a trong vi\u1ec7c chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb cho k\u00ec thi (v\u00ed d\u1ee5 \u1edf Anh l\u00e0 chuy\u1ec7n h\u1ecdc gia s\u01b0). Nh\u01b0ng c\u1ea7n l\u01b0u \u00fd l\u00e0 \u1edf Anh tr\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ecdn b\u1ecb ch\u1ec9 tr\u00edch l\u00e0m l\u1ee3i cho t\u1ea7ng l\u1edbp trung l\u01b0u ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i nh\u00e0 gi\u00e0u. T\u1ea7ng l\u1edbp th\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u01b0u c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 tr\u1ea3 ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ec3 g\u1eedi \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u01b0, v\u1edbi m\u1ee9c h\u1ecdc ph\u00ed \u0111\u1eaft \u0111\u1ecf, g\u1ea5p 2,3 l\u1ea7n h\u1ecdc ph\u00ed \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc, \u0111\u1ec3 con c\u00e1i h\u1ecd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01b0\u1edfng m\u1ed9t ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c ri\u00eang, kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb tr\u00f3i bu\u1ed9c trong khu\u00f4n kh\u1ed5 ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh ph\u1ed5 th\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea1i tr\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n
V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y tr\u1edf n\u00ean nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng v\u1edbi Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u00ec kinh t\u1ebf t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng nhanh, ph\u00e2n h\u00f3a gi\u00e0u ngh\u00e8o di\u1ec5n ra ch\u00f3ng m\u1eb7t, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb l\u1edbn nh\u01b0ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng kh\u00f4ng k\u1ecbp \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng. H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u01b0 ch\u01b0a k\u1ecbp b\u00e1m r\u1ec5 v\u00e0 g\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng danh ti\u1ebfng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng chuy\u00ean. Con em nh\u00e0 ngh\u00e8o c\u00f3 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c mu\u1ed1n ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn tr\u01b0\u1eddng chuy\u00ean bu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3i ganh \u0111ua v\u1edbi con em gia \u0111\u00ecnh trung l\u01b0u v\u00e0 c\u1ea3 th\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u01b0u n\u1eefa.<\/p>\n
Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi B\u1ea3o th\u1ee7 nh\u01b0 b\u00e0 May tin r\u1eb1ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ecdn l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p cho \u201cd\u1ecbch chuy\u1ec3n x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i\u201d. Th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n \u1edf Anh ph\u00e2n chia t\u1ea7ng l\u1edbp x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i r\u1ea5t s\u00e2u s\u1eafc: ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u00e0u v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ngh\u00e8o \u1edf c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c kh\u00e1c nhau ph\u00e2n c\u00e1ch b\u1edfi gi\u00e1 nh\u00e0: ng\u01b0\u1eddi ngh\u00e8o kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ee7 ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ec3 mua nh\u00e0 c\u1ea1nh ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u00e0u. V\u00e0 v\u00ec c\u00e1c gia \u0111\u00ecnh lu\u00f4n c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc t\u1edbi gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c cho con em m\u00ecnh khi mua nh\u00e0, ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ecdc \u201c\u0111\u00fang tuy\u1ebfn\u201d ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh lu\u00f4n v\u00e0o gi\u00e1 nh\u00e0. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ngh\u00e8o ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ee7 ti\u1ec1n mua nh\u00e0 \u0111\u00fang tuy\u1ebfn v\u00e0o c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f4ng ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ea5p trong khi h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ti\u1ec1n cho con h\u1ecdc tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u01b0. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t v\u00f2ng lu\u1ea9n qu\u1ea9n khi con em nh\u00e0 ngh\u00e8o kh\u00f3 c\u00f3 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ed1t, v\u00e0 c\u00e0ng \u00edt c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi t\u1ea7ng l\u1edbp x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a b\u1ed1 m\u1eb9 m\u00ecnh khi tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh. V\u00ec th\u1ebf d\u00f9 c\u00f3 tr\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ecdn hay kh\u00f4ng th\u00ec b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00e3 v\u00f4 t\u00ecnh ph\u00e2n h\u00f3a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i r\u1ed3i: tr\u1ebb \u0111\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ecdc c\u00f9ng b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n kinh t\u1ebf t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 m\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n
Vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c tr\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ecdn bi\u1ebfn l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c t\u1eeb tr\u1ee5c t\u1ecda \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1ed9t chi\u1ec1u (\u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n kinh t\u1ebf gia \u0111\u00ecnh) th\u00e0nh m\u1eb7t ph\u1eb3ng hai chi\u1ec1u v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c b\u1ed5 sung tr\u1ee5c t\u1ecda \u0111\u1ed9 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a tr\u1ebb. D\u00f9 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c thi tuy\u1ec1n kh\u00f4ng ng\u0103n c\u1ea3n ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n c\u00e1c tr\u1ebb c\u00f3 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1eeb gia \u0111\u00ecnh c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n v\u00e0o tr\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ecdn, nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi m\u1edf c\u00e1nh c\u1eeda \u0111\u00f3n tr\u1ebb r\u1ea5t c\u00f3 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c t\u1eeb c\u00e1c gia \u0111\u00ecnh y\u1ebfu th\u1ebf.<\/p>\n
Ng\u00e0y nay th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam ch\u01b0a ph\u00e2n h\u00f3a qu\u00e1 s\u00e2u s\u1eafc. T\u1ea1i c\u00e1c \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb, ch\u00fang ta v\u1eabn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y tr\u1ebb t\u1eeb c\u00e1c gia \u0111\u00ecnh \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n kh\u00e1c nhau h\u1ecdc chung m\u1ed9t tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fang tuy\u1ebfn. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u00edt \u0111\u00fang h\u01a1n n\u1ebfu nh\u00ecn \u1edf quy m\u00f4 l\u1edbp h\u1ecdc, khi t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i \u201cl\u1edbp [ph\u1ee5 huynh] ch\u1ecdn\u201d. N\u1ebfu nh\u00ecn r\u1ed9ng ra m\u1ed9t ch\u00fat c\u00f3 kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn gi\u1eefa ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ecdc \u1edf n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n v\u00e0 th\u00e0nh th\u1ecb, gi\u1eefa tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ecdc \u1edf c\u00e1c si\u00eau \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb nh\u01b0 H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed M\u00ecnh v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb kh\u00e1c. Kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ph\u1ee7 nh\u1eadn h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng chuy\u00ean c\u00f3 vai tr\u00f2 nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh trong vi\u1ec7c th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y \u201cd\u1ecbch chuy\u1ec3n x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i\u201d. H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng chuy\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc qu\u1ed1c gia v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc s\u01b0 ph\u1ea1m thu h\u00fat h\u1ecdc sinh t\u1eeb c\u00e1c t\u1ec9nh th\u00e0nh kh\u00e1c. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 h\u1ecdc sinh khu v\u1ef1c n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n \u1edf tr\u01b0\u1eddng chuy\u00ean (d\u00f9 s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nhi\u1ec1u hay \u00edt ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u v\u00e0o c\u00e1ch t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c thi tuy\u1ec3n). C\u00f9ng v\u1edbi \u0111\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n hi\u1ec7n nay, th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n s\u1ebd s\u1edbm th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e2n khu ph\u00e2n v\u00f9ng theo theo thu nh\u1eadp v\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd s\u1edbm nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f4ng trong c\u00f9ng \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb v\u00e0 nhu c\u1ea7u th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y \u201cd\u1ecbch chuy\u1ec3n x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i\u201d s\u1ebd c\u00e0ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft.<\/p>\n
T\u1ea1i sao d\u1ecbch chuy\u1ec3n x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i quan tr\u1ecdng? S\u00e2u xa h\u01a1n \u0110\u1ea3ng B\u1ea3o th\u1ee7 \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc Anh \u0111\u1ec1 cao ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1eed hi\u1ec1n (meritocracy): \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ec7nh c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i c\u00f4ng d\u00e2n quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1edfi n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n h\u1ecd v\u00e0 khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch \u00fd ch\u00ed n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c v\u01b0\u01a1n l\u00ean \u1edf t\u1ea7ng l\u1edbp x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i th\u1ea5p thay v\u00ec an ph\u1eadn d\u1ef1a d\u1eabm v\u00e0o ph\u00fac l\u1ee3i x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i d\u00e0nh cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi thu nh\u1eadp th\u1ea5p. [T\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng n\u00e0y b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ed1i l\u1eadp xem l\u00e0 t\u1ea1o ra c\u1ea1nh tranh th\u00e1i qu\u00e1 phi nh\u00e2n t\u00ednh.] H\u1ecdc v\u1ea5n tuy kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ti\u1ebfn th\u00e2n duy nh\u1ea5t nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ti\u1ebfn th\u00e2n ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn, v\u00ec th\u1ebf tr\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ecdn c\u00f3 t\u00ednh bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng r\u1ea5t cao trong ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1eed hi\u1ec1n \u0111\u00f3 v\u00e0 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng d\u00e2n t\u1eeb khi h\u1ecd c\u00f2n l\u00e0 tr\u1ebb nh\u1ecf.<\/p>\n
V\u1edbi Vi\u1ec7t Nam, ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1eeba h\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1eed hi\u1ec1n t\u1eeb l\u1ecbch s\u1eed phong ki\u1ebfn. Trong ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e2n chia giai c\u1ea5p s\u00e2u s\u1eafc gi\u1eefa vua quan qu\u00fd t\u1ed9c v\u00e0 b\u00ecnh d\u00e2n, ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 \u201ckhoa c\u1eed\u201d \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn cho \u201cd\u1ecbch chuy\u1ec3n x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i\u201d khi n\u00f3 cung c\u1ea5p ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 con em b\u00ecnh d\u00e2n thay \u0111\u1ed5i s\u1ed1 ph\u1eadn c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n, gia \u0111\u00ecnh v\u00e0 d\u00f2ng t\u1ed9c, n\u1ebfu h\u1ecd ch\u1ee9ng minh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p cho x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i. Theo quan s\u00e1t c\u1ee7a c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n t\u00f4i trong c\u00e1c x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i nh\u1eadp c\u01b0 th\u00ec nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc \u00c1 ch\u00e2u c\u00f3 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 khoa c\u1eed c\u00f3 \u00fd ch\u00ed v\u01b0\u01a1n l\u00ean m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd, c\u1ea7u ti\u1ebfn h\u01a1n. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u00fd ki\u1ebfn c\u1ef1c \u0111oan y\u00eau c\u1ea7u lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng chuy\u00ean c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u ta c\u00f3 c\u1ea7n duy ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1eed hi\u1ec1n? Li\u1ec7u trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i s\u1eafp t\u1edbi c\u00f3 c\u1ea7n ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch v\u00e0 gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c tinh th\u1ea7n n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c ph\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ea5u c\u1ee7a tr\u1ebb nh\u1ecf? \u00dd ki\u1ebfn c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n t\u00f4i th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng. C\u00e1i c\u00f3 l\u1ebd c\u1ea7n h\u01a1n l\u00e0 c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn, c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt n\u1ed9i dung \u201ckhoa c\u1eed\u201d cho ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i v\u00e0 nhu c\u1ea7u ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1eafp t\u1edbi [xin kh\u00f4ng l\u1ea1m b\u00e0n trong b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y].<\/p>\n
M\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng b\u1eaft g\u1eb7p c\u1ee5m t\u1eeb \u201c\u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o tinh hoa\u201d tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t b\u00e1o ch\u00ed Anh khi b\u00e0n v\u1ec1 tr\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ecdn. C\u00f3 l\u1ebd \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 s\u1ee9 m\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u1ebf kh\u00e1c (tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u01b0, \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc tinh hoa,\u2026). Tr\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ecdn ch\u1ec9 cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1ebb ph\u00e1t huy n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc v\u1ea5n c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb cho \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc. Sau c\u00f9ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ecdn s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 \u201cd\u1ecbch chuy\u1ec3n x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i\u201d n\u1ebfu n\u00f3 t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t t\u1ea7ng l\u1edbp tinh hoa d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ecba v\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ecdc m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ea9y ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ecdc n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c ph\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ea5u su\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eddi.<\/p>\n
4. Ng\u00e2n s\u00e1ch cho tr\u01b0\u1eddng chuy\u00ean: Hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng?<\/p>\n
Tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t l\u1ee3i v\u00e0 h\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a tr\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ecdn \u1edf Anh, m\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u n\u1ed9i dung trong \u0111\u00f3 r\u1ea5t t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u1edbi tr\u01b0\u1eddng chuy\u00ean \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam. C\u00e1c ph\u00e2n t\u00edch n\u00e0y l\u00e0m r\u00f5 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i v\u00e0 vai tr\u00f2 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a tr\u01b0\u1eddng chuy\u00ean c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c n\u00f3 nh\u01b0ng ch\u01b0a li\u00ean quan tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 c\u00f4ng. N\u00ean hay kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c tr\u01b0\u1eddng chuy\u00ean s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ng\u00e2n s\u00e1ch nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 c\u01a1 s\u1edf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n b\u1ed5 nhi\u1ec1u ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c cho tr\u01b0\u1eddng chuy\u00ean. Tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi n\u00e0y c\u1ea7n quay l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi 2 kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m kinh t\u1ebf hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng.<\/p>\n
Gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c c\u00f4ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ng\u00e2n s\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u201cngu\u1ed3n v\u1ed1n nh\u00e2n l\u1ef1c\u201d cho x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf. N\u1ebfu th\u1eeba nh\u1eadn h\u1ecdc v\u1ea5n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c n\u00e0y kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t \u1edf m\u1ed7i \u0111\u1ee9a tr\u1ebb, th\u00ec vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e2n chia tr\u1ebb d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng v\u00e0 nhu c\u1ea7u ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n h\u1ecdc v\u1ea5n s\u1ebd l\u00e0m gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n h\u00f3a v\u00e0 l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf theo quy m\u00f4. S\u1ebd l\u00e0 l\u00e3ng ph\u00ed n\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t tr\u1ebb kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 nhu c\u1ea7u ho\u1eb7c kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n h\u1ecdc v\u1ea5n t\u01b0\u01a1ng x\u1ee9ng ho\u1eb7c qu\u00e1 \u00edt cho m\u1ed9t tr\u1ebb c\u00f3 nhu c\u1ea7u v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n h\u1ecdc v\u1ea5n cao. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u01a1 s\u1edf l\u00fd lu\u1eadn cho vi\u1ec7c \u01b0u \u0111\u00e3i tr\u01b0\u1eddng chuy\u00ean so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f4ng kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n
Tuy nhi\u00ean l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 t\u00ednh hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 n\u00e0y c\u00f3 v\u00e0i khi\u1ebfm khuy\u1ebft nh\u01b0 sau.<\/p>\n
M\u1ed9t l\u00e0 n\u00f3 gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh vi\u1ec7c tuy\u1ec3n sinh tr\u01b0\u1eddng chuy\u00ean l\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 trong vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c tr\u1ebb. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 c\u00f4ng t\u00e2m, khoa h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c tuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o tr\u01b0\u1eddng chuy\u00ean, m\u00e0 tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u b\u1ea5t c\u1eadp trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i Vi\u1ec7t Nam. Ngo\u00e0i ra n\u00f3 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n: \u1edf \u0111\u1ed9 tu\u1ed5i n\u00e0o ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 thi\u00ean h\u01b0\u1edbng h\u1ecdc v\u1ea5n c\u1ee7a tr\u1ebb v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 n\u00f3 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?<\/p>\n
Hai l\u00e0 n\u00f3 gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng m\u1ecdi n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. Ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 v\u1edbi tr\u1ebb h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf trong n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc v\u1ea5n, x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c n\u1ed5i tr\u1ed9i kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a tr\u1ebb: ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt, th\u1ea9m m\u0129, kinh doanh,\u2026 Vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c tr\u01b0\u1eddng chuy\u00ean s\u1ebd \u0111\u1eb7t ra c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi kh\u00e1c cho h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c: li\u1ec7u s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc v\u1ea5n c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i sau l\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ee9a tr\u1ebb n\u00e0o b\u1ecb t\u1ee5t h\u1eadu v\u00ec n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c n\u1ed5i tr\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng x\u1ee9ng hay kh\u00f4ng?
\nKh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p h\u01a1n r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u v\u00ec kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed3ng thu\u1eadn chung trong kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m. T\u00f9y v\u00e0o ni\u1ec1m tin c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 \u00fd th\u1ee9c h\u1ec7 (v\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 tranh c\u00e3i gi\u1eefa \u0110\u1ea3ng B\u1ea3o th\u1ee7 v\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea3ng Lao \u0111\u1ed9ng), ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta s\u1ebd ho\u1eb7c tin v\u00e0o b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 ho\u1eb7c b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i (**).<\/p>\n
Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi tin v\u00e0o b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u00f3 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng cho r\u1eb1ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng chuy\u00ean \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ecdn \u1edf Anh b\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng v\u00ec c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ee9a tr\u1ebb nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 c\u00f4ng h\u01a1n nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ee9a tr\u1ebb kh\u00e1c<\/p>\n
Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi tin v\u00e0o b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i cho r\u1eb1ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng chuy\u00ean v\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ecdn c\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng ch\u1eebng n\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c tuy\u1ec3n sinh ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n ch\u1ec9 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a tr\u1ebb m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 xu\u1ea5t th\u00e2n nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ecba v\u1ecb, s\u1eafc t\u1ed9c, m\u00e0u da, gi\u1edbi t\u00ednh, gia c\u1ea3nh,\u2026<\/p>\n
M\u1ed7i m\u1ed9t ni\u1ec1m tin thu\u1ea7n t\u00fay tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 khi\u1ebfm khuy\u1ebft c\u1ee7a ri\u00eang n\u00f3.<\/p>\n
Quan ni\u1ec7m b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i l\u1ed7i th\u1eddi trong n\u1ec1n tri\u1ebft h\u1ecdc hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i v\u00ec n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf v\u1edbi ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ea1i v\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1eb9p nh\u01b0ng vi\u1ec3n v\u00f4ng. Tuy nhi\u00ean c\u00e1c tri\u1ebft l\u00fd v\u1ec1 b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 l\u1ea1i r\u1ea5t h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn b\u00ecnh d\u00e2n \u0111\u1ea1i ch\u00fang v\u00e0 l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 h\u1eefu hi\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p s\u1ef1 \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f4ng khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a d\u00e2n t\u00fay v\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a c\u00e0o b\u1eb1ng. Tuy\u00ean truy\u1ec1n b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3, k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u00fac l\u1ee3i h\u00e0o ph\u00f3ng cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi ngh\u00e8o, \u0111\u00e1nh thu\u1ebf cao ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u00e0u l\u00e0 li\u1ec1u thu\u1ed1c phi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1o ra s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00ecnh tr\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 k\u00ecm phanh t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111ang ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n.<\/p>\n
Quan ni\u1ec7m b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i nghe c\u00f3 v\u1ebb h\u1ee3p l\u00fd nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i \u1ea9n ch\u1ee9a b\u00ean trong \u0111\u00f3 nh\u1eefng h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 v\u00f4 c\u1ea3m, thi\u1ebfu t\u00ecnh ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u00e1ch bi\u1ec7t ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 xu\u1ea5t th\u00e2n. Li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ng\u0103n c\u1ea5m gia \u0111\u00ecnh c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n d\u00e0nh \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5t, tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7, gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c t\u1ed1t cho con em h\u1ecd ? Li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 n\u00ean (v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3) c\u1ea5m d\u1ea1y th\u00eam, h\u1ecdc th\u00eam v\u00e0 gia s\u01b0 ? Vi\u1ec7c bu\u1ed9c m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ee9a tr\u1ebb thi\u1ebfu th\u1ed1n \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n c\u1ea1nh tranh s\u00f2ng ph\u1eb3ng v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ee9a tr\u1ebb gia \u0111\u00ecnh c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 b\u1ea5t nh\u1eabn l\u1ea1nh l\u00f9ng. M\u1ed9t tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p bi\u00ean d\u1ec5 th\u1ea5y nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 n\u00ean \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i v\u1edbi tr\u1ebb khuy\u1ebft t\u1eadt? H\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb1ng c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i l\u00e0 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ph\u00e2n h\u00f3a gi\u00e0u ngh\u00e8o, thi\u1ebfu bao dung.<\/p>\n
May m\u1eafn thay l\u00e0 cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea7u \u00fd th\u1ee9c h\u1ec7 t\u00e0n kh\u1ed1c trong th\u1ebf k\u1ec9 tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1eb7t x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi ng\u00e0y nay \u1edf m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb tr\u00ed trung dung h\u01a1n gi\u1eefa hai b\u1edd v\u1ef1c quan ni\u1ec7m b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng.<\/p>\n
\u1ede m\u1ed9t n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u01b0 b\u1ea3n gi\u00e0 nh\u01b0 n\u01b0\u1edbc Anh, ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch d\u01b0\u1edbi b\u1ea5t k\u00ec ch\u00ednh \u0111\u1ea3ng n\u00e0o c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc c\u1ea3 2 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i d\u00f9 r\u1eb1ng \u00fd th\u1ee9c h\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea3ng c\u1ea7m quy\u1ec1n s\u1ebd k\u00e9o ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch l\u1ec7ch h\u01a1n sang m\u1ed9t b\u00ean. Khi \u0110\u1ea3ng B\u1ea3o th\u1ee7 c\u1ea7m quy\u1ec1n khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch tr\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ecdn th\u00ec h\u1ecd c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi giao k\u00e8o v\u1edbi c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e0y m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3n th\u01b0\u1edfng h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u01b0u ti\u00ean m\u1ed9t t\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 ch\u1ec9 ti\u00eau cho tr\u1ebb t\u1eeb gia \u0111\u00ecnh c\u00f3 ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n. Khi \u0110\u1ea3ng Lao \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ea7m quy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf tr\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ecdn, h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 th\u00eam v\u00e0o tr\u01b0\u1eddng th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c c\u00e1 bi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a tr\u1ebb [d\u00f9 r\u1eb1ng n\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 hay kh\u00f4ng l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n kh\u00e1c].<\/p>\n
5. T\u01b0 nh\u00e2n h\u00f3a tr\u01b0\u1eddng chuy\u00ean?<\/p>\n
V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng t\u00f4i mu\u1ed1n th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn l\u00e0 li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 n\u00ean t\u01b0 nh\u00e2n h\u00f3a tr\u01b0\u1eddng chuy\u00ean.<\/p>\n
Vi\u1ec7c tham gia c\u1ee7a t\u01b0 nh\u00e2n v\u00e0o gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c n\u00f3i chung v\u00e0 gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c ph\u1ed5 th\u00f4ng n\u00f3i ri\u00eang l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c n\u00ean l\u00e0m v\u00ec n\u00f3 gi\u00fap huy \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u00eam ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c. Th\u00eam v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 khu v\u1ef1c t\u01b0 nh\u00e2n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ngu\u1ed3n v\u1ed1n hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u00ec v\u1ecdng \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng nhu c\u1ea7u gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 cung c\u1ea5p nhi\u1ec1u s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c \u0111a d\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 phong ph\u00fa h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n
Tuy nhi\u00ean khu v\u1ef1c t\u01b0 nh\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00ednh c\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 v\u00ec th\u1ebf nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u1eeb b\u1ecf vai tr\u00f2 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ea1o trong \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o ph\u1ed5 th\u00f4ng [k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 \u1edf c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u01b0 b\u1ea3n]. Vi\u1ec7c t\u01b0 nh\u00e2n tham gia \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao (v\u00e0 thu ph\u00ed cao) v\u1eeba n\u00e2ng cao t\u00ednh hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3, v\u1eeba th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y s\u1ef1 c\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00ec thu h\u00fat b\u1edbt nhu c\u1ea7u gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a gia \u0111\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u01b0u (s\u1ebd gia t\u0103ng nhanh c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kinh t\u1ebf) v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o nhi\u1ec1u c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i h\u01a1n cho con em gia \u0111\u00ecnh trung l\u01b0u v\u00e0 y\u1ebfu th\u1ebf ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng chuy\u00ean c\u00f4ng l\u1eadp.<\/p>\n
Tuy nhi\u00ean b\u00e1n tr\u01b0\u1eddng chuy\u00ean c\u00f4ng l\u1eadp cho t\u01b0 nh\u00e2n nh\u00e2n danh c\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng kh\u00f4i h\u00e0i k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 khi gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t l\u00e0 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n li\u00eam ch\u00ednh v\u00e0 minh b\u1ea1ch. C\u00e1i m\u00e0 khu v\u1ef1c t\u01b0 nh\u00e2n c\u1ea7n l\u00e0 c\u1edfi tr\u00f3i c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch v\u00e0 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ea1nh tranh l\u00e0nh m\u1ea1nh ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i \u01b0u \u0111\u00e3i \u0111\u1ea5t, v\u1ed1n, nh\u00e2n l\u1ef1c hay t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n v\u00f4 h\u00ecnh gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 t\u01b0 duy \u01b0u \u0111\u00e3i cho c\u00e1c t\u1eadp \u0111o\u00e0n nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1eadp k\u1ec9 tr\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n
V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 h\u1ecdc b\u1ea1 to\u00e0n \u0111i\u1ec3m 10 x\u1ebfp h\u00e0ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ed5ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng chuy\u00ean v\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u1ee9c x\u00fac xung quanh l\u1ebd ra c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i di\u1ec5n gi\u1ea3i t\u01b0\u1eddng minh nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n
– M\u1ed9t l\u00e0 \u0111ang thi\u1ebfu h\u1ee5t tr\u1ea7m tr\u1ecdng ngu\u1ed3n cung cho nhu c\u1ea7u \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o ph\u1ed5 th\u00f4ng ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao cho t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i.<\/p>\n
– Hai l\u00e0 tr\u1ebb t\u1eeb c\u00e1c gia \u0111\u00ecnh trung l\u01b0u v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t gia \u0111\u00ecnh ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng kh\u00f3 ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn tr\u01b0\u1eddng chuy\u00ean v\u00e0 c\u00e1c h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n
– Ba l\u00e0 c\u1ea7n xem x\u00e9t \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 l\u1ea1i ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c tuy\u1ec3n sinh v\u00e0o tr\u01b0\u1eddng chuy\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o c\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i (c\u00f3 t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1ea3 b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i) v\u00e0 n\u00e2ng cao hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c.<\/p>\n
– B\u1ed1n l\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c ph\u1ed5 th\u00f4ng ch\u01b0a theo k\u1ecbp s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 ch\u01b0a \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhu c\u1ea7u ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c kh\u00e1c ngo\u00e0i n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc v\u1ea5n c\u1ee7a tr\u1ebb nh\u1ecf. Nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c b\u1ecb xem nh\u1eb9 ng\u00e0y nay s\u1ebd thi\u1ebfu h\u1ee5t cho s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kinh t\u1ebf t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai v\u00ed d\u1ee5 kinh t\u1ebf s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o, kinh t\u1ebf s\u1ed1,\u2026<\/p>\n
– N\u0103m l\u00e0 c\u1ea7n xem x\u00e9t l\u1ea1i nhu c\u1ea7u \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o n\u0103ng khi\u1ebfu trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng chuy\u00ean. Trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i, \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o ph\u1ed5 th\u00f4ng ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u00f4ng l\u1eadp kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft g\u00f3i g\u1ecdn trong m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o n\u0103ng khi\u1ebfu v\u00e0 c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng n\u1ed9i h\u00e0m.<\/p>\n
N\u1ebfu di\u1ec5n gi\u1ea3i v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch t\u01b0\u1eddng minh nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd s\u1ebd d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p Pareto gia t\u0103ng ph\u00fac l\u1ee3i x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i hi sinh l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed5i l\u1ea1i l\u1ee3i \u00edch ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m nh\u1ecf thi\u1ec3u s\u1ed1.<\/p>\n
Lu\u00e2n \u0110\u00f4n, m\u00f9a Covid, 2020<\/p>\n
[B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n quan \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n, v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh quan \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u01a1i t\u00f4i c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c]<\/p>\n
*Li\u00ean hi\u1ec7p V\u01b0\u01a1ng qu\u1ed1c Anh v\u00e0 B\u1eafc Ai-len (UK) bao g\u1ed3m 4 x\u1ee9: x\u1ee9 Anh (England), Northern Ireland, Wales v\u00e0 Scotland. Tr\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ecdn (grammar school) ch\u1ec9 c\u00f2n t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i th\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5t \u1edf x\u1ee9 Anh v\u00e0 B\u1eafc Ai-len.<\/p>\n
** V\u00ec l\u00ed do s\u01b0 ph\u1ea1m, b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c (formal equality of opportunity) khi so s\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ed1i l\u1eadp v\u1edbi b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 (equality of outcomes). C\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 tr\u00edch trong b\u00e0i cho h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng h\u00e0m \u00fd \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng th\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5t (substantive equality of opportunity) kh\u00e1c. Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng n\u00f3i chung v\u00e0 b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i n\u00f3i ri\u00eang l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed3ng thu\u1eadn trong gi\u1edbi nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 \u0111ang ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. C\u00e1m \u01a1n c\u00e1c trao \u0111\u1ed5i t\u1eeb TS Thang Dao.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
B\u00e0i ph\u00e2n t\u00edch n\u00e0y hay: https:\/\/m.facebook.com\/story.php?story_fbid=3209636662417989&id=100001150602829 \u201cL\u00caN G\u00c1C R\u00daT THANG\u201d V\u00c0 CHUY\u1ec6N TR\u01af\u1edcNG CH\u1eccN (X\u1ee8 ANH)* \u0110\u00e3 l\u00e2u kh\u00f4ng vi\u1ebft tr\u00ean trang c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n, nh\u01b0ng m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c tranh lu\u1eadn g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y th\u00f4i th\u00fac t\u00f4i ph\u1ea3i vi\u1ebft \u0111\u00f4i \u0111i\u1ec1u v\u1ec1 gi\u00e1o<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"quote","meta":{"_mi_skip_tracking":false},"categories":[79,123],"tags":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p8jhJx-zu","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/short\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2200"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/short\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/short\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/short\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/short\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2200"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/short\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2200\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2201,"href":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/short\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2200\/revisions\/2201"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/short\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2200"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/short\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2200"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/short\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2200"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}