{"id":426,"date":"2017-03-25T10:58:22","date_gmt":"2017-03-25T09:58:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/short\/?p=426"},"modified":"2017-03-25T10:58:22","modified_gmt":"2017-03-25T09:58:22","slug":"dan-toc-toi-chua-xung-dang-voi-to-tien-cao-huy-thuan","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/short\/2017\/03\/25\/dan-toc-toi-chua-xung-dang-voi-to-tien-cao-huy-thuan\/","title":{"rendered":"D\u00e2n t\u1ed9c t\u00f4i ch\u01b0a x\u1ee9ng \u0111\u00e1ng v\u1edbi t\u1ed5 ti\u00ean – Cao Huy Thu\u1ea7n"},"content":{"rendered":"
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DI\u1ec4N T\u1eea NH\u1eacN GI\u1ea2I<\/strong>
GI\u1ea2I V\u0102N H\u00d3A PHAN CH\u00c2U TRINH 2017
Gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 Cao Huy Thu\u1ea7n<\/strong>
(Gi\u1ea3i V\u00ec s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p V\u0103n h\u00f3a – Gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c)<\/em><\/strong> <\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

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K\u00ednh th\u01b0a B\u00e0 Ch\u1ee7 T\u1ecbch v\u00e0 H\u1ed9i \u0110\u1ed3ng Gi\u1ea3i th\u01b0\u1edfng V\u0103n H\u00f3a Phan Ch\u00e2u Trinh,<\/p>\n

K\u00ednh th\u01b0a Qu\u00fd V\u1ecb,<\/p>\n

Th\u01b0a b\u1ea1n b\u00e8, anh ch\u1ecb th\u00e2n m\u1ebfn,<\/p>\n

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T\u00f4\u00ec r\u1ea5t vinh d\u1ef1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Qu\u1ef9 V\u0103n H\u00f3a Phan Ch\u00e2u Trinh trao gi\u1ea3i th\u01b0\u1edfng “V\u00ec s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p v\u0103n h\u00f3a v\u00e0 gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c” n\u0103m 2017. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ea5t ng\u1edd \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u00f4i, v\u00ec vinh d\u1ef1 n\u00e0y qu\u00e1 l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m qu\u00e1 nh\u1ecf c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i. T\u00f4i l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1edf xa, lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n c\u00f3 m\u1eb7c c\u1ea3m vui bu\u1ed3n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp c\u00f9ng chia, \u1ea5m l\u1ea1nh kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp c\u00f9ng c\u1ea3m v\u1edbi b\u1ea1n b\u00e8 anh em trong n\u01b0\u1edbc: thi\u1ebfu s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u1ea5y, hai ch\u1eef “s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p” kh\u00f4ng kh\u1ecfi l\u00e0m t\u00f4i \u00e1y n\u00e1y. T\u00f4i \u0111\u00e0nh ngh\u0129: khi trao gi\u1ea3i th\u01b0\u1edfng n\u00e0y cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1edf xa, c\u00e1c anh ch\u1ecb trong H\u1ed9i \u0110\u1ed3ng mu\u1ed1n n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng v\u0103n h\u00f3a l\u00e0 v\u0103n h\u00f3a, v\u0103n h\u00f3a Vi\u1ec7t Nam l\u00e0 v\u0103n h\u00f3a Vi\u1ec7t Nam, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 v\u0103n h\u00f3a Vi\u1ec7t ki\u1ec1u, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 qu\u1ed1c t\u1ecbch Vi\u1ec7t ki\u1ec1u.<\/p>\n

C\u00f3 l\u1ebd c\u00e2u n\u00f3i v\u1eeba r\u1ed3i c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e2n n\u00f3i \u0111\u00f9a \u0111\u1ec3 che gi\u1ea5u c\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ed9ng. Nh\u01b0ng qu\u1ea3 th\u1ef1c,  \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u n\u00f3i t\u00e2m t\u00ecnh, b\u1edfi v\u00ec c\u00f3 khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1edf xa c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y m\u00ecnh l\u00e0 Vi\u1ec7t Nam h\u01a1n l\u00fac \u1edf g\u1ea7n. \u1ede g\u1ea7n th\u00ec ai c\u0169ng gi\u1ed1ng ai. \u1ede xa th\u00ec th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean th\u1ea5y m\u00ecnh kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi xung quanh. Ch\u00ednh c\u00e1i kh\u00e1c<\/em> \u0111\u00f3 t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1i m\u00e0 ta g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 b\u1ea3n s\u1eafc, b\u1ea3n s\u1eafc v\u0103n h\u00f3a, b\u1ea3n s\u1eafc d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1edf xa kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ec9 tha thi\u1ebft v\u1edbi b\u1ea3n s\u1eafc nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m tr\u1eebu t\u01b0\u1ee3ng. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1edf xa th\u1ea5y m\u00ecnh \u0103n, m\u1eb7c, th\u01b0\u01a1ng, gh\u00e9t, n\u00f3i, c\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1edbi c\u00e1i b\u1ea3n s\u1eafc \u1ea5y c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 nh\u01b0 c\u00e1i b\u00f3ng \u0111i theo c\u00e1i h\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n

T\u00f4i bi\u1ebft t\u00f4i \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m kh\u00f3 \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a. C\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00f3i \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m kh\u00f4ng khoa h\u1ecdc. C\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00f3i \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m \u00fd th\u1ee9c h\u1ec7. Tuy v\u1eady, c\u00f3 ai d\u00e1m n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 b\u1ea3n s\u1eafc? C\u00f3 ai kh\u00f4ng t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1eb7t ra cho m\u00ecnh c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean: “t\u00f4i l\u00e0 ai?” C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi \u0111\u1eb7t ra l\u00e0 v\u00ec c\u00f3 “t\u00f4i” v\u00e0 c\u00f3 “ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c”. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 “ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c” th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 “t\u00f4i”. R\u1ed3i t\u00f4i l\u1ea1i t\u1ef1 h\u1ecfi: t\u00f4i l\u00e0 t\u00f4i v\u00ec t\u00f4i nh\u00ecn t\u00f4i nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, hay t\u00f4i l\u00e0 t\u00f4i v\u00ec nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c nh\u00ecn t\u00f4i? N\u1ebfu t\u00f4i nh\u00ecn t\u00f4i qua c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c, ph\u1ea3i ch\u0103ng c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c gi\u1eefa t\u00f4i v\u1edbi t\u00f4i? C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi \u1ea5y ch\u1ea3y m\u00e1u trong l\u00f2ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1edf xa. T\u00f4i xa t\u00f4i r\u1ed3i ch\u0103ng?<\/p>\n

C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi \u1ea5y c\u0169ng c\u1ea7n ch\u1ea3y m\u00e1u trong l\u00f2ng m\u1ed9t d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c khi d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c \u1ea5y v\u1ecdng ngo\u1ea1i. Khi d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c \u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n th\u1ea5y c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1eb7t ra c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi “t\u00f4i l\u00e0 ai?”. Khi d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c \u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft m\u00ecnh l\u00e0 kh\u00e1c. Khi d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c \u1ea5y nh\u1eadp nh\u1eb1ng gi\u1eefa t\u00f4i v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi. T\u00f4i kh\u00e1c anh: b\u1ea3n s\u1eafc b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a v\u1edbi kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh quy\u1ebft li\u1ec7t \u1ea5y. V\u1edbi ch\u1eef “kh\u00e1c”. Kh\u00e1c! Nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ti\u1ebfng qu\u00e1t. Qu\u00e1t v\u00e0o m\u1eb7t k\u1ebb n\u00e0o mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u00f3a. Nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ti\u1ebfng s\u1ea5m. S\u1ea5m trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed. N\u1ed5 trong B\u00ecnh Ng\u00f4 \u0110\u1ea1i C\u00e1o:<\/p>\n

Nh\u01b0 n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0110\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t ta t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1edbc<\/em> <\/em><\/p>\n

V\u1ed1n x\u01b0ng n\u1ec1n v\u0103n hi\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e2u<\/em> <\/em><\/p>\n

N\u01b0\u1edbc non b\u1edd c\u00f5i \u0111\u00e3 chia<\/em> <\/em><\/p>\n

Phong t\u1ee5c B\u1eafc Nam c\u0169ng kh\u00e1c.<\/em><\/p>\n

C\u00e1i g\u00ec l\u00e0 c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i trong c\u00e1i “kh\u00e1c” \u0111\u00f3? V\u0103n hi\u1ebfn. V\u0103n h\u00f3a. V\u00e0 c\u00e1i g\u00ec l\u00e0 c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i trong v\u0103n h\u00f3a? Phong t\u1ee5c. Anh \u0111\u1eebng \u0111em Kh\u1ed5ng M\u1ea1nh ra \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00f3i v\u1edbi t\u00f4i r\u1eb1ng t\u00f4i gi\u1ed1ng h\u1ec7t anh, t\u00f4i l\u00e0 con \u0111\u1ebb c\u1ee7a anh. V\u0103n h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 v\u0103n h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a anh b\u1edfi v\u00ec phong t\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 phong t\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a anh. V\u00e0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o l\u00e0 phong t\u1ee5c? L\u00e0 c\u00e1ch s\u1ed1ng. V\u0103n h\u00f3a l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch s\u1ed1ng. L\u00e0 c\u00e1ch \u0103n c\u00e1ch m\u1eb7c. L\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eafm. L\u00e0 ti\u1ebfng ru em. L\u00e0 ca dao. L\u00e0 l\u1ec5 h\u1ed9i. L\u00e0 ch\u00f9a chi\u1ec1n. L\u00e0 l\u00e0ng x\u00f3m. L\u00e0 th\u00f3i quen. L\u00e0 k\u00fd \u1ee9c chung. L\u00e0 \u00fd th\u1ee9c t\u1eadp th\u1ec3. L\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 tinh th\u1ea7n. N\u00f3i “phong t\u1ee5c” l\u00e0 l\u1ea5y c\u00e1i kh\u00e1c nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t so v\u1edbi ch\u00e0ng kia m\u00e0 n\u00f3i, ch\u1ee9 “phong t\u1ee5c” ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 “v\u0103n hi\u1ebfn” \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1i c\u00e1o \u1edf tr\u00ean. V\u00e0 v\u0103n hi\u1ebfn \u1ea5y, \u0110\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t ta \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 “t\u1eeb l\u00e2u”, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111i v\u00e0o l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 truy\u1ec1n l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1eddi n\u00e0y qua \u0111\u1eddi kia, truy\u1ec1n t\u1eeb khi nh\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u01a1i t\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u00e3 nu\u1ed1t s\u1ed1ng ta trong ng\u00f3t ng\u00e0n n\u0103m d\u1eb1ng d\u1eb7c.<\/p>\n

Tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0o so \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1edbi \u0110\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t v\u1ec1 c\u00e1i r\u1ec5 v\u0103n h\u00f3a s\u00e2u th\u1eb3m \u1ea5y. Ch\u00e2u \u00c2u mu\u1ed1n so v\u1edbi ta? Ch\u00e2u M\u1ef9 mu\u1ed1n so v\u1edbi ta? C\u00f3 n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0o trong c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ebb ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, duy tr\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, truy\u1ec1n th\u1eeba \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, \u1ea5p \u1ee7 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i tr\u1ee9ng v\u0103n h\u00f3a trong su\u1ed1t ng\u00e0n n\u0103m \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u00f3a tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi c\u00f3 b\u1edd c\u00f5i? B\u1ea3n s\u1eafc l\u00e0 c\u00e1i g\u00ec n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 c\u00e1i tr\u1ee9ng k\u1ef3 l\u1ea1 \u1ea5y? Cho \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 18, c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n \u1edf ch\u00e2u \u00c2u m\u1edbi th\u1ea5y xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1i t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng r\u1eb1ng v\u0103n h\u00f3a l\u00e0 c\u00e1i “tinh y\u1ebfu” (“essence”) d\u00ednh ch\u1eb7t v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, v\u00e0 t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 m\u1ed7i d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t “th\u1ea7n kh\u00ed” (“g\u00e9nie”) ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t, kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi c\u00e1c d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c kh\u00e1c. Nh\u01b0ng l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 b\u1edd c\u00f5i, \u0111\u00e3 th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp xong c\u00e1i m\u00e0 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Etat-Nation, d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c n\u00e0o c\u00f3 Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc \u1ea5y. Trong b\u1edd c\u00f5i \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e2n chia ranh gi\u1edbi \u0111\u1ecba d\u01b0, c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n m\u1edbi x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c v\u0103n h\u00f3a song song v\u1edbi d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb. “D\u00e2n t\u1ed9c n\u00e0o c\u00f3 b\u1edd c\u00f5i \u1ea5y” v\u00e0 “d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c n\u00e0o c\u00f3 v\u0103n h\u00f3a \u1ea5y”, hai t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u00f3 c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 l\u1eabn nhau. Ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t v\u0103n h\u00f3a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i l\u1ea7n h\u1ed3i x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u0103n h\u00f3a \u0111\u00f3, kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi \u0110\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 c\u00e1i tr\u1ee9ng v\u0103n h\u00f3a t\u1eeb l\u00e2u tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi n\u1edf ra th\u00e0nh r\u1ed3ng Th\u0103ng Long. Cho n\u00ean ch\u00fang t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ee3i cho \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 18, 19 m\u1edbi quan ni\u1ec7m, nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng gia \u1edf \u0110\u1ee9c, v\u0103n h\u00f3a l\u00e0 c\u00e1i “h\u1ed3n” c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, l\u00e0 “Volksgeist”. \u0110\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u00e1i “h\u1ed3n” \u1ea5y l\u00e0 g\u00ec, \u0111\u00fang l\u00e0 kh\u00f3. Nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f3, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 ph\u1ee7 nh\u1eadn c\u00e1i “h\u1ed3n”. B\u1edfi v\u00ec kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 hai d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c n\u00e0o c\u00f9ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t v\u0103n h\u00f3a gi\u1ed1ng h\u1ec7t nhau. N\u1ebfu c\u00f3 t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng \u0111\u00f3 th\u00ec c\u1ea3 hai ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ee3p th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c. V\u00ec v\u1eady, v\u00ec m\u1ed7i v\u0103n h\u00f3a c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1eafc th\u00e1i \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, v\u0103n h\u00f3a quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1ea3n s\u1eafc c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c. “T\u00e1t c\u1ea1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a ra kh\u1ecfi m\u1ed9t d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c – ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 t\u00e1t c\u1ea1n k\u00fd \u1ee9c v\u00e0 s\u1eafc th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o ra kh\u1ecfi d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c \u0111\u00f3 – t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 gi\u1ebft ch\u1ebft d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c \u0111\u00f3”. T\u00f4i m\u01b0\u1ee3n c\u00e2u n\u00f3i \u1ea5y c\u1ee7a Milan Kundera.  <\/p>\n

V\u1edbi c\u00e1i “h\u1ed3n” \u1ea5y, t\u00f4i hi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu, t\u00f4i l\u00e0 t\u00f4i. T\u00f4i nh\u1eadn m\u00e1u huy\u1ebft t\u1eeb trong \u0111\u00f3. T\u00f4i th\u1edf v\u1edbi h\u01a1i th\u1edf \u1ea5y. Nh\u01b0ng c\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i d\u1ea1y r\u1eb1ng v\u0103n h\u00f3a l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ed9ng, v\u1eeba nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, v\u1eeba b\u00ec\u1ebfn chuy\u1ec3n v\u1edbi th\u1eddi gian. Kh\u00f4ng v\u0103n h\u00f3a n\u00e0o s\u1ed1ng bi\u1ec7t l\u1eadp, t\u00e1ch bi\u1ec7t v\u1edbi c\u00e1c v\u0103n h\u00f3a kh\u00e1c. Chung \u0111\u1ee5ng, ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi nhau, c\u00e1c n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng l\u00ean nhau, m\u1ed7i c\u00e1i “t\u00f4i” c\u1ee7a v\u0103n h\u00f3a n\u00e0y ph\u1ea3i v\u1eeba canh ch\u1eebng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1eebng b\u1ecb “c\u00e1i kh\u00e1c” l\u00e0m bi\u1ebfn ch\u1ea5t, l\u1ea1i v\u1eeba b\u1ecb quy\u1ebfn r\u0169 b\u1edfi “c\u00e1i kh\u00e1c” khi nh\u1eadn ra “c\u00e1i kh\u00e1c” c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m m\u00e0 m\u00ecnh kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3, c\u00e1i “t\u00f4i” c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m m\u00e0 m\u00ecnh c\u1ee9 g\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea7u l\u00ean ng\u1ee7, b\u1ea5t k\u1ec3 nh\u1ee5c vinh. V\u00e0 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, t\u00f4i v\u1eeba l\u00e0 con ch\u00e1u c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec5n Tr\u00e3i, v\u1eeba l\u00e0 con ch\u00e1u c\u1ee7a Phan Ch\u00e2u Trinh. C\u1ee7a Phan Ch\u00e2u Trinh khi T\u00e2y H\u1ed3 r\u01a1i v\u00e0o th\u00e2n ph\u1eadn Vi\u1ec7t ki\u1ec1u, l\u00e0m “ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i”. Nh\u01b0ng ch\u00ednh nh\u1edd \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i m\u00e0 \u00f4ng ch\u1ea1m m\u1eaft v\u00e0o “c\u00e1i kh\u00e1c” v\u00e0 \u00f4ng th\u1ea5y c\u00e1i n\u00f4 l\u1ec7 n\u1eb1m ngay trong v\u0103n h\u00f3a. T\u00f4i m\u01b0\u1ee3n m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u c\u1ee7a anh V\u0129nh S\u00ednh, ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea1n h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 m\u00e0 t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m t\u1eebng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i Phan Ch\u00e2u Trinh: “So v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng tr\u00ed th\u1ee9c c\u00f9ng th\u1eddi, k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 Phan B\u1ed9i Ch\u00e2u, tinh th\u1ea7n y\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a Phan Ch\u00e2u Trinh c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t b\u00e9n nh\u1ea1y v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec1u hay c\u00e1i l\u1ea1 \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u1ec1 v\u0103n h\u00f3a v\u00e0 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i m\u00e0 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u1ea7n kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c”. T\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 b\u1eadt ra ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ch\u00e2m “d\u00e2n kh\u00ed”, “d\u00e2n tr\u00ed”. V\u00e0 d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7. V\u00e0 d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7. Phan Ch\u00e2u Trinh l\u00e0 s\u0129 phu \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean h\u00f4 h\u00e0o d\u00e2n quy\u1ec1n. Hu\u1ef3nh Th\u00fac Kh\u00e1ng n\u00f3i th\u1ebf. Anh V\u0129nh S\u00ednh ti\u1ebfp theo: “B\u1edfi v\u1eady, khi \u0111\u1ecdc l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi T\u00e2y H\u1ed3 vi\u1ebft v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 tr\u01b0\u1edbc, ta v\u1eabn nghe sang s\u1ea3ng t\u1ef1a h\u1ed3 nh\u01b0 ti\u00ean sinh \u0111ang \u0111\u0103ng \u0111\u00e0n di\u1ec5n thuy\u1ebft \u0111\u00e2u \u0111\u00e2y”.<\/p>\n

T\u00f4i \u0111ang nghe sang s\u1ea3ng b\u00ean tai nh\u1eefng L\u01b0 Thoa, nh\u1eefng M\u1ea1nh \u0110\u1ee9c T\u01b0 C\u01b0u, nh\u1eefng V\u1ea1n L\u00fd Tinh Ph\u00e1p, nh\u1eefng Khai S\u00e1ng Th\u1ebf K\u1ef7, nh\u1eefng Tuy\u00ean Ng\u00f4n Nh\u00e2n Quy\u1ec1n. nh\u1eefng t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng m\u1edbi l\u00e0m cho\u00e1ng ng\u1ee3p c\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea7u r\u1ea1ng \u0111\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a Phan T\u00e2y H\u1ed3. Ch\u1ec9 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n trong quan ni\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c m\u00e0 t\u00f4i \u0111ang n\u00f3i \u0111\u00e2y, t\u00f4i nghe sang s\u1ea3ng, nh\u01b0 ti\u00ean sinh \u0111\u00e3 nghe, \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a b\u1ea5t h\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a Renan, trong \u0111\u00f3 v\u1eeba c\u00f3 Nguy\u1ec5n Tr\u00e3i c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i, v\u1eeba c\u00f3 Phan Ch\u00e2u Trinh c\u1ee7a th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i m\u1edbi, v\u1eeba c\u00f3 qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 v\u1eeba c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i, v\u1eeba c\u00f3 Herder c\u1ee7a L\u00e3ng M\u1ea1n \u0110\u1ee9c, v\u1eeba c\u00f3 Rousseau c\u1ee7a “Kh\u1ebf \u01b0\u1edbc x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i”:<\/p>\n

“D\u00e2n t\u1ed9c l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t linh h\u1ed3n, m\u1ed9t nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc t\u00e2m linh. Hai y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1, th\u1eadt ra ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t, t\u1ea1o n\u00ean linh h\u1ed3n \u1ea5y, nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc \u1ea5y. Y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t n\u1eb1m trong qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9, y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 th\u1ee9 hai n\u1eb1m trong hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i. Y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 c\u00f9ng c\u00f3 chung m\u1ed9t gia t\u00e0i k\u1ef7 ni\u1ec7m phong ph\u00fa, y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 th\u1ee9 hai l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i, \u00fd mu\u1ed1n c\u00f9ng s\u1ed1ng, ho\u00e0i b\u00e3o c\u00f9ng ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c khai tri\u1ec3n gia t\u00e0i chung \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1eadn. Con ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean m\u00e0 th\u00e0nh ng\u01b0\u1eddi. M\u1ed9t d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n, l\u00e0 th\u00e0nh qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 l\u00e2u d\u00e0i l\u00e0m b\u1eb1ng n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c, b\u1eb1ng hy sinh, b\u1eb1ng t\u1eadn t\u1ee5y. Th\u1edd k\u00ednh t\u1ed5 ti\u00ean l\u00e0 ch\u00ednh \u0111\u00e1ng h\u01a1n t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3; ch\u00ednh t\u1ed5 ti\u00ean l\u00e0m ch\u00fang ta th\u00e0nh ra ch\u00fang ta. M\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 anh h\u00f9ng, nh\u1eefng v\u0129 nh\u00e2n, vinh quang, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u00e1i v\u1ed1n x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i tr\u00ean \u0111\u00f3 ta t\u1ea1o d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c. C\u00f9ng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng vinh quang chung trong qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9, m\u1ed9t \u00fd ch\u00ed chung trong hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i, \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f9ng nhau l\u00e0m n\u00ean nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c to l\u1edbn, v\u1eabn c\u00f2n mu\u1ed1n l\u00e0m nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u1eefa: \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c. Hy sinh \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m c\u00e0ng cao, kh\u1ed5 s\u1edf \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ecbu c\u00e0ng l\u1edbn,  th\u01b0\u01a1ng y\u00eau c\u00e0ng nhi\u1ec1u. Ta th\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00e1i nh\u00e0 m\u00e0 ta \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e2y v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 truy\u1ec1n l\u1ea1i. “Ta b\u00e2y gi\u1edd l\u00e0 h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh c\u1ee7a cha \u00f4ng ng\u00e0y tr\u01b0\u1edbc; ta ng\u00e0y mai s\u1ebd l\u00e0 h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh c\u1ee7a cha \u00f4ng ng\u00e0y nay”, c\u00e2u h\u00e1t \u0111\u00f3 c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n Sparte ng\u00e0y x\u01b0a \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng t\u00f3m t\u1eaft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ebf n\u00e0o l\u00e0 t\u1ed5 qu\u1ed1c”.<\/em> <\/em><\/p>\n

V\u00e0 \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh. Hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i m\u00e0 Phan Ch\u00e2u Trinh ho\u00e0i b\u00e3o qua hai ch\u1eef “d\u00e2n quy\u1ec1n”:<\/p>\n

” Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, m\u1ed9t d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9, nh\u01b0ng t\u00f3m g\u1ecdn trong hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3: th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn, \u00fd mu\u1ed1n ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c c\u00f9ng s\u1ed1ng chung \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ec3u l\u1ed9 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng. D\u00e2n t\u1ed9c l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c b\u1ecf phi\u1ebfu h\u1ed3 h\u1edfi h\u1eb1ng ng\u00e0y”.<\/em> <\/em><\/p>\n

“M\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c b\u1ecf phi\u1ebfu h\u1ed3 h\u1ee1i h\u1eb1ng ng\u00e0y”. “Un pl\u00e9biscite de chaque jour”: l\u1ecbch s\u1eed n\u01b0\u1edbc Ph\u00e1p ghi kh\u1eafc c\u00e2u n\u00f3i \u1ea5y. L\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 v\u0103n minh c\u0169ng ghi kh\u1eafc c\u00e2u n\u00f3i \u1ea5y. B\u1edfi v\u00ec c\u00e2u n\u00f3i \u1ea5y ch\u1ee9a \u0111\u1ef1ng t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 tinh t\u00fay c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t v\u0103n h\u00f3a, m\u1ed9t v\u0103n minh kh\u00f4ng ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c n\u00e0o m\u00e0 chung cho c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c. V\u00ec c\u00e2u n\u00f3i \u1ea5y, v\u00ec tinh t\u00fay trong \u00fd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a n\u00f3, m\u00e0 Phan Ch\u00e2u Trinh kh\u00e1c Phan B\u1ed9i Ch\u00e2u. \u0110\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ec9 \u0111u\u1ed5i l\u0169 c\u01b0\u1edbp n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0 xong. Ph\u1ea3i \u0111u\u1ed5i c\u00e1i n\u00f4 l\u1ec7 ra kh\u1ecfi c\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea7u. B\u1ea1o l\u1ef1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1p \u0111\u1ed5 b\u1ea1o l\u1ef1c. Nh\u01b0ng b\u1ea1o l\u1ef1c n\u00e0o c\u0169ng c\u00f3 khuynh h\u01b0\u1edbng thay th\u1ebf b\u1ea1o l\u1ef1c c\u0169 \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ed1ng tr\u1ecb b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch n\u00f4 l\u1ec7 h\u00f3a c\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea7u. Phan Ch\u00e2u Trinh \u0111\u00e3 \u0111i tr\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i b\u1eb1ng l\u1eddi l\u1ebd th\u1ed1ng thi\u1ebft k\u00eau g\u1ecdi ph\u1ea3i th\u1eafp s\u00e1ng c\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n. B\u1edfi v\u00ec th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ed9c tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a vua ch\u00faa \u0111\u00e3 qua r\u1ed3i. C\u00e1i nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc m\u00e0 Renan g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 “t\u00e2m linh” (“spirituel”) kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec l\u00e0 si\u00eau h\u00ecnh c\u1ea3, tr\u00e1i l\u1ea1i r\u1ea5t c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n. M\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n. M\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n. M\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n n\u1eafm v\u1eadn m\u1ec7nh c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh v\u00e0 c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c m\u00ecnh. B\u1eb1ng th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn. Nh\u01b0 th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn khi k\u00fd m\u1ed9t h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng. D\u00e2n t\u1ed9c l\u00e0 linh thi\u00eang, b\u1edfi v\u00ec trong l\u00f2ng m\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 c\u00e1i “h\u1ed3n” c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 ti\u00ean, nh\u01b0ng d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c ch\u1ec9 tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ed3n trong hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i, trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai, khi ch\u00ednh ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i m\u1ed9t ai kh\u00e1c tr\u00ean cao xanh, c\u00f9ng nhau th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 v\u1eadn m\u1ec7nh c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc. S\u1ef1 th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn \u1ea5y, t\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean bi\u1ec3u l\u1ed9 b\u1eb1ng l\u00e1 phi\u1ebfu, v\u00e0 l\u00e1 phi\u1ebfu ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 l\u00e1 phi\u1ebfu khi trung th\u1ef1c. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 trung th\u1ef1c th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn. Nh\u01b0ng ch\u1eef “pl\u00e9biscite” c\u1ee7a Renan kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a t\u1ea7m th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c tr\u01b0ng c\u1ea7u d\u00e2n \u00fd. B\u1edfi v\u00ec tr\u01b0ng c\u1ea7u d\u00e2n \u00fd c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 con s\u1ed1: 51%, 65%, 70%, v\u00e2n v\u00e2n. “Pl\u00e9biscite”, trong c\u00e1i ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a Renan, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111o b\u1eb1ng con s\u1ed1. \u0110o trong l\u00f2ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi, ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n n\u00e0o c\u0169ng bi\u1ebft \u0111o v\u00e0 \u0111o r\u1ea5t ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c, trung th\u1ef1c. Si\u00eau h\u00ecnh ch\u0103ng? Cam \u0111oan kh\u00f4ng. C\u1ee9 h\u1ecfi m\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u00f3 bi\u1ebft \u0111o kh\u00f4ng, c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi s\u1ebd r\u1ea5t gi\u1ea3n d\u1ecb. \u0110\u1eebng d\u1ed1i nhau l\u00e0m g\u00ec, c\u00f3 th\u1eddi ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng nghe: c\u00e1i c\u1ed9t \u0111\u00e8n c\u0169ng mu\u1ed1n \u0111i. V\u00e0 b\u00e2y gi\u1edd l\u1ea1i nghe n\u00f3i: ai c\u00f3 ch\u00fat ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ec1u m\u1ed9t ch\u00e2n trong ch\u00e2n ngo\u00e0i. M\u1ed9t d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea7u ho\u00e0i nghi, c\u00e1i ch\u00e2n b\u1ecf phi\u1ebfu, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c \u0111ang t\u1ef1 th\u1eafp nhang cho m\u00ecnh, l\u00e0m m\u1ed3i cho c\u00fa v\u1ecd. N\u1ebfu ai c\u00f3 ch\u00fat ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ec1u mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u01b0a con ra ngo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc r\u1ed3i \u0111\u1ec3 \u1edf l\u1ea1i, th\u00ec tim \u0111\u00e2u \u0111\u1ec3 m\u00e1u ch\u1ea3y v\u1ec1? Th\u00ec \u0111\u00e2u c\u00f2n \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00f4i l\u00e0 ai? Th\u00ec l\u1ea5y ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c l\u00e0m m\u00ecnh. Th\u00ec \u0111\u00e2u l\u00e0 “d\u00e2n kh\u00ed”? C\u00e1i “h\u1ed3n” n\u1eb1m \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u?<\/p>\n

Ngo\u1ea1i x\u00e2m tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eaft \u0111\u00e2u ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ec9 l\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ea5t l\u1ea5n bi\u1ec3n. N\u00f3 l\u1ea5n c\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea7u. C\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea7u \u1ea5y, ngo\u1ea1i x\u00e2m mu\u1ed1n ta gi\u1ed1ng n\u00f3. N\u00f3 r\u1ea5t s\u1ee3 ta kh\u00e1c n\u00f3. N\u00f3 mu\u1ed1n ta gi\u1ed1ng n\u00f3 b\u1eb1ng v\u0103n h\u00f3a, b\u1eb1ng \u00fd th\u1ee9c h\u1ec7. N\u00f3 s\u1ee3 ta kh\u00e1c n\u00f3 v\u1edbi Phan Ch\u00e2u Trinh. B\u1edfi v\u00ec ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n ta \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a ta l\u00e0 Phan Ch\u00e2u Trinh, ta c\u00f3 c\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea7u v\u0103n h\u00f3a m\u1edf ra v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ch\u00e2n tr\u1eddi kh\u00e1c, nh\u1eefng b\u00ecnh minh kh\u00e1c c\u00f9ng s\u00e1ng l\u00ean hai ch\u1eef “d\u00e2n quy\u1ec1n”, ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n th\u1ebf th\u00f4i, ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n c\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea7u v\u0103n h\u00f3a \u1ea5y th\u00f4i, v\u1eadn m\u1ec7nh c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00e1c v\u1ec1 m\u1ecdi m\u1eb7t, b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u l\u00e0 m\u1eb7t chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c. V\u00ec sao? V\u00ec \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a ai l\u00e0 b\u1ea1n ai l\u00e0 th\u00f9 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb \u0111\u00e2u n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 t\u1eeb anh kh\u00e1c t\u00f4i, t\u00f4i kh\u00e1c anh c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec5n Tr\u00e3i?<\/p>\n

Ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n th\u1ebf th\u00f4i, m\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc \u1ea5y th\u00f4i, d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c ch\u1edd \u0111\u1ee3i t\u1eeb th\u1eddi Phan Ch\u00e2u Trinh. Ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi v\u1edbi Renan: V\u00e2ng, \u0111\u00fang th\u1ebf, d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 giao thoa c\u1ee7a hai th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn song song: th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn gi\u1eefa ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n v\u1edbi nhau c\u00f9ng s\u1ed1ng c\u00f9ng ch\u1ebft tr\u00ean c\u00f9ng m\u1ea3nh \u0111\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 ti\u00ean; th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn gi\u1eefa ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n v\u1edbi ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f9ng nhau \u0111\u1ea3m \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng vi\u1ec7c n\u01b0\u1edbc. M\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc. C\u1ea3 v\u1eadn m\u1ec7nh n\u1eb1m trong m\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc. B\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111i! C\u00e1i “t\u00f4i” c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0y nay, c\u00e1i “ta” ki\u00eau h\u00f9ng, c\u1ea3 t\u1ed5 ti\u00ean n\u1eb1m trong m\u00f4t b\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 Cao Huy Thu\u1ea7n tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y di\u1ec5n t\u1eeb t\u1ea1i \u0111\u00eam vinh danh, trao gi\u1ea3i V\u0103n h\u00f3a Phan Ch\u00e2u Trinh 2017<\/span><\/p>\n

Th\u01b0a Qu\u00fd V\u1ecb,<\/p>\n

B\u1ea1n b\u00e8 anh ch\u1ecb th\u00e2n m\u1ebfn,<\/p>\n

Trong t\u00e2m t\u00ecnh tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i v\u1ec1 d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, t\u00f4i xin \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft th\u00fac, r\u1ea5t ng\u1eafn, v\u1edbi ch\u00fat t\u00e2m t\u00ecnh v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ea1o Ph\u1eadt c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i, v\u00ec hai t\u00e2m t\u00ecnh ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t, h\u00f2a quy\u1ec7n v\u00e0o nhau trong to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 ch\u1eef vi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i. C\u00f3 l\u1ea7n tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi cho b\u00e1o Lao \u0110\u1ed9ng, t\u00f4i n\u00f3i: t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec t\u00f4i vi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 th\u01b0 t\u00ecnh, t\u00ecnh th\u01b0 t\u00f4i g\u1eedi v\u1ec1 qu\u00ea h\u01b0\u01a1ng, d\u00f9 khi n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1eddi, d\u00f9 khi n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ea1o. C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t con chim b\u1ecb \u0111\u00e2m gai, n\u1eb1m ch\u1ea3y m\u00e1u d\u01b0\u1edbi m\u1ed9t b\u00f4ng hoa tr\u1eafng, v\u00e0 hoa tr\u1eafng \u0111\u00e3 th\u00e0nh hoa h\u1ed3ng. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 hoa h\u1ed3ng t\u00f4i hi\u1ebfn t\u1eb7ng cho \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i t\u1eeb xa.<\/p>\n

D\u00e2n t\u1ed9c t\u00f4i, n\u1ebfu mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a v\u1ec1 b\u1ea3n s\u1eafc c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea1o Ph\u1eadt. V\u00ec \u0111\u1ea1o Ph\u1eadt thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu nh\u01b0 v\u1eady cho s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng c\u00f2n v\u0103n h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c t\u00f4i, n\u1ebfu ch\u00f9a chi\u1ec1n bi\u1ebfn ch\u1ea5t trong m\u1ed9t hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea7y ho\u00e0i nghi v\u1ec1 v\u0103n h\u00f3a v\u00e0 gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c n\u00e0y, n\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ea1o Ph\u1eadt c\u0169ng h\u00e9o hon theo, th\u00ec c\u00e1i h\u1ed3n c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 c\u0169ng t\u1ee7i, m\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i c\u0169ng b\u01a1 v\u01a1 b\u1ea3n s\u1eafc. Nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t con \u00e9n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 m\u1ea5t m\u00f9a xu\u00e2n, t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n th\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ea1o Ph\u1eadt c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c t\u00f4i b\u1ecb l\u00e3o h\u00f3a v\u1edbi th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i kim ti\u1ec1n, t\u00f4i mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ea1o Ph\u1eadt c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i v\u1eabn l\u00e0 nh\u1ef1a s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a tu\u1ed5i tr\u1ebb, c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c b\u1eadc cha m\u1eb9, c\u1ee7a m\u1ecdi gia \u0111\u00ecnh. Nh\u1ef1a \u1ea5y mu\u00f4n \u0111\u1eddi v\u1eabn th\u1ebf, v\u1eabn c\u00f2n \u0111\u1ea5y, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m cho n\u00f3 ch\u1ea3y trong c\u00e0nh t\u01b0\u01a1i, con chim nh\u1ecf b\u1ecb gai \u0111\u00e2m ch\u1ec9 c\u00f2n bi\u1ebft ch\u1ea3y m\u00e1u theo m\u00e0 th\u00f4i, trong ch\u1eef vi\u1ebft.<\/p>\n

 Trung th\u00e0nh v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea1o Ph\u1eadt c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i, trung th\u00e0nh v\u1edbi d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec t\u00f4i vi\u1ebft, d\u00f9 l\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eafm, d\u00f9 l\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng chao, d\u00f9 l\u00e0 v\u0103n h\u00f3a, d\u00f9 l\u00e0 gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c, \u0111\u1ec1u nh\u1eafm \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng, l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a Phan Ch\u00e2u Trinh: Ti\u1ebfn B\u1ed9. \u0110\u1eebng t\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ea1o Ph\u1eadt kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9. Kh\u00f4ng ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 th\u00ec xa l\u00eca \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng. C\u00f2n d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, kh\u1ecfi n\u00f3i, kh\u00f4ng ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 th\u00ec th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea1p l\u00ean x\u00e1c ph\u00e1o. Nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ea1o Ph\u1eadt bi\u1ebft m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i r\u1ea5t qu\u00fd n\u00f3i trong kinh Ph\u00e1p Hoa: m\u1ed9t vi\u00ean ng\u1ecdc gi\u1ea5u trong \u00e1o c\u0169. \u00c1o c\u0169 ph\u1ea3i thay, vi\u00ean ng\u1ecdc v\u1eabn gi\u1eef. D\u00e2n t\u1ed9c c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i, ngh\u1eb9n ng\u00e0o m\u00e0 n\u00f3i, c\u00f3 ng\u1ecdc qu\u00fd m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng gi\u1eef, l\u1ea5y cu\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m ng\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, g\u1eafn l\u00ean v\u01b0\u01a1ng mi\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n

Th\u00f4i, t\u00f4i xin k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn th\u00f4i. T\u00f4i \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u00e2y v\u1ec1 t\u00f4i? T\u00f4i l\u00e0 ai? D\u00e2n t\u1ed9c t\u00f4i l\u00e0 ai? L\u00e0 g\u00ec? L\u00e0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o? N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1eb1ng kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh, th\u00f4i th\u00ec ta t\u1ea1m \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a b\u1eb1ng ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ecbnh: T\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0y, t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e1ng l\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 th\u1ebf kh\u00e1c. D\u00e2n t\u1ed9c t\u00f4i x\u1ee9ng \u0111\u00e1ng h\u01a1n th\u1ebf n\u00e0y. D\u00e2n t\u1ed9c t\u00f4i ch\u01b0a x\u1ee9ng \u0111\u00e1ng v\u1edbi t\u1ed5 ti\u00ean.<\/p>\n

V\u00f4 c\u00f9ng c\u00e1m \u01a1n Qu\u00fd V\u1ecb.<\/p>\n

Cao Huy Thu\u1ea7n<\/strong> <\/strong><\/p>\n

Ngu\u1ed3n:http:\/\/www.quyphanchautrinh.org\/giai-phan-chau-trinh\/ChiTiet\/893\/giao-su-cao-huy-thuan?nam=65&bc=66<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

http:\/\/sachkhaiminh.com\/dan-toc-toi-chua-xung-dang-voi-to-tien-cao-huy-thuan<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

DI\u1ec4N T\u1eea NH\u1eacN GI\u1ea2IGI\u1ea2I V\u0102N H\u00d3A PHAN CH\u00c2U TRINH 2017Gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 Cao Huy Thu\u1ea7n(Gi\u1ea3i V\u00ec s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p V\u0103n h\u00f3a – Gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c)    K\u00ednh th\u01b0a B\u00e0 Ch\u1ee7 T\u1ecbch v\u00e0 H\u1ed9i \u0110\u1ed3ng Gi\u1ea3i th\u01b0\u1edfng V\u0103n H\u00f3a Phan Ch\u00e2u Trinh, K\u00ednh th\u01b0a<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"quote","meta":{"_mi_skip_tracking":false},"categories":[101,32],"tags":[345,346,347],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p8jhJx-6S","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/short\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/426"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/short\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/short\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/short\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/short\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=426"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/short\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/426\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/short\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=426"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/short\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=426"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/short\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=426"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}