{"id":668,"date":"2017-06-06T13:38:23","date_gmt":"2017-06-06T12:38:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/short\/?p=668"},"modified":"2017-06-06T13:38:23","modified_gmt":"2017-06-06T12:38:23","slug":"gilauri-va-nhung-giai-phap-chong-tham-nhung-tai-grudia","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/short\/2017\/06\/06\/gilauri-va-nhung-giai-phap-chong-tham-nhung-tai-grudia\/","title":{"rendered":"GILAURI v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p ch\u1ed1ng tham nh\u0169ng t\u1ea1i Grudia"},"content":{"rendered":"
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L\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1ecf b\u00e9 nh\u01b0ng Grudia ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 qu\u00ea h\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a Stalin, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi l\u00e0 n\u01a1i \u0111\u00e3 nu\u00f4i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng t\u00e2m h\u1ed3n th\u01a1 cho c\u00e1c thi h\u00e0o Pushkin v\u00e0 Lermontov. T\u1eebng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong 15 n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a c\u1ee7a Li\u00ean X\u00f4 c\u0169, Grudia c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m ngh\u1ec9 d\u01b0\u1ee1ng n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng nh\u1ea5t th\u1eddi X\u00f4 vi\u1ebft, ch\u1ec9 d\u00e0nh cho c\u00e1c \u1ee7y vi\u00ean B\u1ed9 Ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb hay l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o cao c\u1ea5p nh\u1ea5t Li\u00ean X\u00f4. Sau khi Li\u00ean X\u00f4 tan r\u00e3, \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y r\u01a1i v\u00e0o c\u1ea3nh ki\u1ec7t qu\u1ec7 v\u00e0 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng \u00e2m. Tuy nhi\u00ean, ng\u00e0y nay Grudia \u0111\u00e3 l\u1ed9t x\u00e1c, ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n c\u1ee7a EU nh\u1edd v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ea7y t\u00e0i n\u0103ng, nhi\u1ec7t huy\u1ebft, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t c\u00f2n r\u1ea5t tr\u1ebb, m\u1edbi ch\u1ec9 h\u01a1n 30 tu\u1ed5i. Trong \u0111\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i k\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1ecb Th\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng Nika Gilauri, m\u1ed9t g\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1eb7t kh\u00f4ng k\u00e9m ph\u1ea7n \u1ea5n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng so v\u1edbi T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng Justin Trudeau c\u1ee7a Canada hay Emmanuel Macron c\u1ee7a Ph\u00e1p.<\/p>\n

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Th\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng Grudia Nika Gilauri.<\/em>

Nika Gilauri sinh n\u0103m 1975, ch\u1ec9 m\u1edbi 29 tu\u1ed5i khi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ea5p cao v\u1edbi v\u1ecb tr\u00ed B\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng N\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. \u00d4ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a Grudia trong v\u00f2ng t\u00e1m n\u0103m t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u00ec tr\u1ec7 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1n qu\u00e2n trong khu v\u1ef1c. Kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng c\u00f3 t\u00e0i l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o, \u00f4ng c\u00f2n thuy\u1ebft ph\u1ee5c ng\u01b0\u1eddi nghe b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfng Anh l\u01b0u lo\u00e1t, v\u1edbi c\u00e1ch n\u00f3i kh\u00fac tri\u1ebft, gi\u1ea3n d\u1ecb, d\u00ed d\u1ecfm, th\u1eb3ng th\u1eafn v\u00e0 r\u1ea5t s\u1eafc b\u00e9n trong tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi c\u00e1c c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi \u0111\u1eb7t ra.

Nika Gilauri b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u nhi\u1ec7m k\u1ef3 b\u1ed1n n\u0103m l\u00e0m B\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng N\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng (2004-2007) trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh Grudia v\u1eabn \u201cnguy\u00ean s\u01a1\u201d nh\u01b0 th\u1eddi ti\u1ec1n s\u1eed, th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean m\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ea3 th\u00e1ng. Sau \u0111\u00f3, \u00f4ng l\u00e0m B\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng T\u00e0i ch\u00ednh (2007-2009), ti\u1ebfp nh\u1eadn m\u1ed9t ng\u00e2n kh\u1ed1 r\u1ed7ng kh\u00f4ng. R\u1ed3i \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ee9c Ph\u00f3 Th\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t (2008-2009) v\u00e0 Th\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng (2009-2012) khi \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 GDP t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng \u00e2m (-) 9%. Sau nhi\u1ec7m k\u1ef3 c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng, Grudia tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh n\u01b0\u1edbc xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, GDP t\u0103ng 25% v\u1edbi m\u1ee9c t\u0103ng c\u00f3 n\u0103m cao nh\u1ea5t t\u1edbi 12%, n\u0103m cu\u1ed1i nhi\u1ec7m k\u1ef3 (2012) t\u0103ng 8%, v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n t\u0103ng 5% \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh trong hai n\u0103m g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y Grudia \u0111\u1ee9ng trong nh\u00f3m c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc tham nh\u0169ng cao nh\u01b0 Philippines, Vi\u1ec7t Nam, Bangladesh v.v, nay ch\u1ec9 x\u1ebfp sau M\u1ef9 v\u00e0 nh\u00f3m c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc \u00edt tham nh\u0169ng nh\u1ea5t nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc B\u1eafc \u00c2u, New Zealand, H\u00e0n Qu\u1ed1c, Singapore.

V\u1eady b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch n\u00e0o Grudia c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng b\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ebfn th\u1ea7n k\u1ef3 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady d\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ef1 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a Gilauri? C\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi l\u00e0 \u201cN\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 tham nh\u0169ng th\u00ec t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u s\u1ebd g\u1ea5p \u0111\u00f4i\u201d v\u00e0 \u201cCh\u1ec9 c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch m\u1edbi mang l\u1ea1i ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n\u201d. Nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ed1ng tham nh\u0169ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch ra sao, \u0111\u00f3 m\u1edbi l\u00e0 th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c cho ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7. D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng c\u00e1ch m\u00e0 ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a Th\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng Gilauri \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc \u00f4ng r\u00fat ra \u0111\u1ec3 chia s\u1ebb.

1. C\u00e1c quan ch\u1ee9c ph\u1ea3i \u0111o\u1ea1n tuy\u1ec7t v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch ly v\u1edbi doanh nghi\u1ec7p.<\/span> N\u1ebfu tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi b\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o \u201cc\u1eeda quan\u201d m\u00e0 c\u00f3 c\u1ed5 ph\u1ea7n hay kinh doanh g\u00ec th\u00ec ph\u1ea3i tuy\u00ean th\u1ec7 t\u1eeb b\u1ecf h\u1ebft. Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t s\u1ef1 trung th\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a c\u00e1n b\u1ed9.

2. Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t doanh nghi\u1ec7p, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u01b0\u1edfng theo tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 th\u00e0nh t\u00edch, ai kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ebd b\u1ecb sa th\u1ea3i ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c.<\/span> R\u1ea5t h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o v\u00e0 nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean t\u1eebng l\u00e0m trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh ki\u1ec3u c\u0169 v\u00ec h\u1ecd v\u1eabn gi\u1eef t\u01b0 duy c\u0169 v\u00e0 b\u00e1m l\u1ea5y h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh c\u0169 nh\u01b0 gia \u0111\u00ecnh m\u00ecnh. L\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00f4ng ch\u1ee9c r\u1ea5t cao, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o s\u1ef1 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee7 nu\u00f4i s\u1ed1ng c\u1ea3 gia \u0111\u00ecnh, qua \u0111\u00f3 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng n\u1ea3y sinh \u00fd \u0111\u1ed3 tham nh\u0169ng. Theo \u0111i\u1ec1u tra th\u00ec ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn nh\u1eefng c\u01a1 quan th\u1eddi tr\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 kho\u1ea3ng n\u0103m c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 kh\u00e2u n\u1ed1i ch\u1ea1y \u0111\u00e8n c\u00f9 v\u00f2ng quanh n\u0103m ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y, v\u1eady n\u00ean Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 m\u1edbi sa th\u1ea3i h\u1ebft, ch\u1ec9 gi\u1eef l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u00e0 cho h\u1ecd h\u01b0\u1edfng l\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1edbi c\u1ea3 c\u01a1 quan ng\u00e0y tr\u01b0\u1edbc. M\u1ed9t v\u00ed d\u1ee5 kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 ng\u00e0nh c\u1ea3nh s\u00e1t giao th\u00f4ng. To\u00e0n b\u1ed9 c\u1ea3nh s\u00e1t b\u1ecb sa th\u1ea3i ch\u1ec9 trong m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y. Ba th\u00e1ng li\u1ec1n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 CSGT m\u00e0 giao th\u00f4ng l\u1ea1i t\u1ed1t l\u00ean. Sau s\u00e1u th\u00e1ng, m\u1ed9t c\u01a1 quan CSGT m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 m\u1ed9t ai tham gia giao th\u00f4ng c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i t\u1ed1n \u00edt nh\u1ea5t 1USD\/ng\u00e0y cho CSGT m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng v\u00ec b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 sai ph\u1ea1m n\u00e0o. Nay CSGT l\u00e0 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ee9ng th\u1ee9 hai, ch\u1ec9 sau Nh\u00e0 th\u1edd, chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00f2ng tin cao nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i. \u0110\u00e2y th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng li\u1ec7u ph\u00e1p m\u1ea1nh, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 qu\u00e1 m\u1ea1nh, v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng l\u00fd do khi\u1ebfn Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a Gilauri \u0111\u00e3 thua trong cu\u1ed9c b\u1ea7u c\u1eed 2012. B\u00e0i h\u1ecdc r\u00fat ra l\u00e0 Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 c\u0169ng c\u1ea7n bi\u1ebft \u0111i\u1ec3m d\u1eebng \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u trong c\u00e1c quy\u1ebft s\u00e1ch c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh.

3. \u0110\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n h\u00f3a c\u00e1c th\u1ee7 t\u1ee5c v\u00e0 lu\u1eadt l\u1ec7.<\/span> Kh\u1ea9u hi\u1ec7u l\u00e0 \u201c\u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n h\u00f3a ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 th\u1ee7 t\u1ee5c th\u00f4ng minh nh\u1ea5t\u201d. \u0110\u1eebng ch\u1edd CNTT ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eebng ng\u1ee5y bi\u1ec7n l\u00e0 CNTT m\u1edbi l\u00e0 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n h\u00f3a. CNTT ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 b\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ebfp theo, l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 cho qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n h\u00f3a th\u1ee7 t\u1ee5c. Th\u1ee7 t\u1ee5c c\u00e0ng \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n, nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean c\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 k\u1ebd h\u1edf \u0111\u1ec3 tham nh\u0169ng. R\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u v\u00ed d\u1ee5 cho vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y, \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh trong s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 th\u1ee7 t\u1ee5c h\u1ea3i quan. N\u1ebfu nh\u01b0 n\u0103m 2004, xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a Grudia l\u00e0 s\u1eaft ph\u1ebf li\u1ec7u, th\u00ec n\u0103m 2014 l\u00e0 \u00f4t\u00f4, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 Grudia kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t hay l\u1eafp r\u00e1p \u00f4t\u00f4. Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n l\u00e0 th\u1ee7 t\u1ee5c h\u1ea3i quan cho xu\u1ea5t nh\u1eadp xe \u1edf Grudia ch\u1ec9 m\u1ea5t \u0111\u00fang 40 ph\u00fat, do v\u1eady c\u1ea3 khu v\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ed5 v\u1ec1 Grudia \u0111\u1ec3 mua b\u00e1n xe theo h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c: nh\u1eadp, mua r\u1ed3i xu\u1ea5t ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c. Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 kh\u00f4ng m\u1ea5y quan t\u00e2m l\u00e0 li\u1ec7u h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a ki\u1ec3u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cxu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u th\u1ee9 thi\u1ec7t\u201d kh\u00f4ng, \u0111i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 n\u00f3 mang l\u1ea1i ngu\u1ed3n thu v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m trong n\u01b0\u1edbc: k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf l\u00e0 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o ra 20.000 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m v\u00e0 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng thu thu\u1ebf kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 cho nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc.

4. T\u1ea1o l\u1eadp m\u1ed9t ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 v\u00ec d\u00e2n ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 (citizen-oriented). <\/span>Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 kh\u00f4ng \u00f4m \u0111\u1ed3m c\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5. Ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thu\u00ea ngo\u00e0i (outsourcing), theo \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n v\u00e0 chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p h\u01a1n. C\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty cung c\u1ea5p d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u tuy\u1ec3n nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean tr\u1ebb, c\u00f3 ti\u1ebfng Anh, n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9ng. Do v\u1eady ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00e2ng cao r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u, mang \u0111\u1eb3ng c\u1ea5p qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf.

5. C\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch, t\u01b0 nh\u00e2n h\u00f3a v\u00e0 c\u1ed5 ph\u1ea7n h\u00f3a, t\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c \u01b0u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch v\u1ec1 c\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng.<\/span> Ch\u00eca kh\u00f3a th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y l\u00e0 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch t\u1eeb h\u00e0ng ng\u0169 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh v\u00e0 doanh nghi\u1ec7p nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc, y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec3 Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 xem x\u00e9t \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0. C\u00f3 m\u1ea5y v\u00ed d\u1ee5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a ra. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft l\u00e0 ng\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eaft. Khi Grudia v\u1eeba c\u00f3 \u00fd \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u01b0 nh\u00e2n h\u00f3a \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eaft th\u00ec n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e1ng gi\u1ec1ng Azerbaijan \u0111\u00e3 ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn v\u1edbi quan \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u1eb7t gi\u00e1 cao bao nhi\u00eau c\u0169ng mua. Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 th\u1ea5y nguy c\u01a1 r\u1ee7i ro cao n\u00ean d\u1eebng ngay l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n kh\u00e1c. L\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i r\u1ea5t \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng t\u01b0 nh\u00e2n h\u00f3a ng\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eaft nh\u01b0ng bu\u1ed9c doanh nghi\u1ec7p nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y ph\u1ea3i ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh tr\u00e1i phi\u1ebfu tr\u00ean th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u00e2u \u00c2u. Ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c, doanh nghi\u1ec7p thay to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o, m\u1ecdi thay \u0111\u1ed5i x\u1ea3y ra ch\u00f3ng m\u1eb7t: s\u1ea1ch s\u1ebd, \u0111\u00fang gi\u1edd, an to\u00e0n\u2026 theo \u0111\u00fang ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ch\u00e2u \u00c2u. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 th\u1ee9 hai l\u00e0 c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c. Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 l\u00e0 \u201cti\u1ec1n ch\u1ea1y theo sinh vi\u00ean\u201d. Ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 thay v\u00ec c\u1ea5p kinh ph\u00ed cho c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng, Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 ph\u00e1t voucher cho sinh vi\u00ean (chu c\u1ea5p h\u1ecdc ph\u00ed). Sinh vi\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111i h\u1ecdc b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 n\u01a1i \u0111\u00e2u trong hay ngo\u00e0i n\u01b0\u1edbc, b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 tr\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e0o. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y t\u1ea1o ra cu\u1ed9c c\u1ea1nh tranh kh\u1ed1c li\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng. Tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ed1t s\u1ebd c\u00f3 sinh vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn v\u00e0 mang theo ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u00f3ng cho tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ec3 sinh t\u1ed3n. Tr\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00e9m s\u1ebd ph\u00e1 s\u1ea3n t\u1ef1 \u0111\u00f3ng c\u1eeda. Sinh vi\u00ean d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eadp h\u1ecdc, nh\u01b0ng thi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p m\u1edbi l\u00e0 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh. Ra tr\u01b0\u1eddng sinh vi\u00ean c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eadn v\u00e0o l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c hay kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o CV, b\u1ea3ng \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m. V\u00ec v\u1eady sinh vi\u00ean ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecdn tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ed1t, c\u00f3 ti\u1ebfng t\u0103m, ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o b\u00e0i b\u1ea3n v\u00e0 to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n. Th\u00eam v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 h\u1eb1ng n\u0103m \u0111\u00edch danh T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng x\u1ebfp h\u1ea1ng c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng: top 10% s\u1ebd c\u00f3 gi\u1ea3i th\u01b0\u1edfng, Hi\u1ec7u tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng 10% cu\u1ed1i b\u1ea3ng s\u1ebd b\u1ecb sa th\u1ea3i. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 n\u1eefa l\u00e0 l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c y t\u1ebf ch\u0103m s\u00f3c s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch theo ba h\u01b0\u1edbng: thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp c\u00e1c trung t\u00e2m y t\u1ebf v\u00f9ng theo nh\u00f3m (cluster) thay v\u00ec \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 d\u00e0n tr\u1ea3i; t\u01b0 nh\u00e2n h\u00f3a; v\u00e0 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c c\u00f4ng t\u01b0 (PPP). An ninh n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c \u01b0u ti\u00ean cao b\u1ecb y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ph\u1ea3i c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch tri\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3. Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Grudia \u0111\u00e3 r\u1ea5t s\u00e1ng su\u1ed1t ch\u1ecdn ra nh\u1eefng l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c \u01b0u ti\u00ean c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 v\u00e0 cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n

———–<\/p>\n

\u00d4ng Gilauri c\u00f3 b\u00e0i n\u00f3i chuy\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i Ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ch\u00e2u \u00c1 ng\u00e0y 17\/3\/2017 v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o \u1ea5n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1ea1nh khi nhanh ch\u00f3ng v\u00e0 s\u1eafc s\u1ea3o tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi c\u00e1c c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi \u0111\u1eb7t ra. Sau \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 n\u1ed9i dung h\u1ecfi \u0111\u00e1p c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3:

C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi: ADB hay c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 t\u00e0i tr\u1ee3 kh\u00e1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m g\u00ec \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap Grudia v\u00e0 c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00f3i chung, \u0111\u1ea5u tranh ch\u1ed1ng tham nh\u0169ng th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng?<\/em><\/span>

Tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi: C\u00f3 ba y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 trong ch\u1ed1ng tham nh\u0169ng: (i) Ch\u1ed1ng tham nh\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 c\u0103n b\u1ec7nh n\u1ed9i t\u1ea1i, l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 qu\u1ed1c gia ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00f4ng ch\u1edd c\u1ee9u gi\u00fap b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i, (ii) X\u00e3 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u00e3 ch\u00e1n ng\u00e1n v\u00e0 b\u1ea5t b\u00ecnh c\u1ef1c \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u1edbi tham nh\u0169ng, v\u00e0 (iii) L\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong s\u1ea1ch v\u1edbi b\u1ed9 m\u00e1y gi\u00fap vi\u1ec7c c\u00f3 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c. N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ba y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 n\u00e0y, ADB hay b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u1ebf t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf n\u00e0o c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng gi\u00fap \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u00ec.<\/p>\n

L\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i Grudia t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean v\u0103n h\u00f3a \u1ee9ng x\u1eed (ki\u1ec3u ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u00f4ng) sang x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean lu\u1eadt ph\u00e1p?<\/em><\/span>

Gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c v\u00e0 nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c, c\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u kinh t\u1ebf. N\u1ebfu nh\u01b0 c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e2y 10 n\u0103m h\u1ecfi c\u00e1c c\u1eadu b\u00e9 mu\u1ed1n l\u00e0m g\u00ec khi l\u1edbn l\u00ean th\u00ec h\u01a1n 90% s\u1ebd b\u1ea3o: mu\u1ed1n th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ea1i gia (hay \u0111\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c Mafia theo ti\u1ebfng Grudia), c\u00f2n 99% c\u00e1c c\u00f4 b\u00e9 s\u1ebd b\u1ea3o mu\u1ed1n tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh v\u1ee3 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1i gia. Ch\u1ec9 sau s\u00e1u n\u0103m, c\u0169ng v\u1edbi c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1c h\u1ecdc sinh tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi l\u00e0 mu\u1ed1n tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh c\u1ea3nh s\u00e1t, lu\u1eadt s\u01b0, b\u00e1c s\u1ef9 hay nh\u00e0 ngo\u1ea1i giao. R\u00f5 r\u00e0ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u00e3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch c\u0103n b\u1ea3n.

Li\u1ec7u ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 trong s\u1ea1ch m\u00e0 ng\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee9ng v\u1eefng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e2u? Li\u1ec7u bao l\u00e2u n\u1eefa Grudia s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u01b0 Singapore?<\/em><\/span>

Ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn l\u00e0 c\u00f3, d\u00f9 hi\u1ec7n nay c\u00f3 T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 Th\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng kh\u00e1c. Khi \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 trong s\u1ea1ch nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 t\u00edn nhi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n th\u00ec x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ec3 tham nh\u0169ng quay tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i. H\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5y s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng cho ph\u00e9p tham nh\u0169ng x\u1ea3y ra n\u1eefa. T\u00f4i tin t\u01b0\u1edfng r\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch t\u00f4i th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n s\u1ebd ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c ph\u00e1t huy hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3. Nh\u01b0ng Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 m\u1edbi c\u1ea7n ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch, kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p th\u1ecfa m\u00e3n v\u00e0 d\u1eebng c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch, ph\u1ea3i c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch nh\u1eefng th\u1ee9 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch. C\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch t\u1ea1o ra th\u1eddi c\u01a1. Ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch m\u1edbi c\u00f3 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng. Hi\u1ec7n nay Grudia \u0111ang t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng 3-4%\/n\u0103m. Ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea1t m\u1ee9c t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng 7-8% th\u00ec m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh Singapore \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/p>\n

Xin c\u00e1m \u01a1n!<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

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*TS. Tr\u1ea7n Th\u1ecb Thanh Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, Chuy\u00ean gia m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng cao c\u1ea5p, Ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n Ch\u00e2u \u00c1 (ADB). B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 l\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi theo ph\u00e1t bi\u1ec3u c\u1ee7a Th\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng Grudia Nika Gilauri t\u1ea1i Ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n Ch\u00e2u \u00c1 (ADB) ng\u00e0y 17\/03\/2017.<\/em>
Ch\u00fa th\u00edch:<\/em>
S\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 th\u00f4ng tin s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong b\u00e0i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tham kh\u1ea3o t\u1ea1i website www.reformatics.com
S\u00e1ch tham kh\u1ea3o: Nika Gilauri,Practical Economics: Economic Transformation and Government Reform in Georgia 2004\u20132012<\/em>, Palgrave Macmillan, 2017.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

http:\/\/tiasang.com.vn\/-doi-moi-sang-tao\/GILAURI-va-nhung-giai-phap-chong-tham-nhung-tai-Grudia—10717<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

L\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1ecf b\u00e9 nh\u01b0ng Grudia ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 qu\u00ea h\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a Stalin, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi l\u00e0 n\u01a1i \u0111\u00e3 nu\u00f4i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng t\u00e2m h\u1ed3n th\u01a1 cho c\u00e1c thi h\u00e0o Pushkin v\u00e0 Lermontov. T\u1eebng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong 15 n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a c\u1ee7a<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"quote","meta":{"_mi_skip_tracking":false},"categories":[31],"tags":[525,527,526,528],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p8jhJx-aM","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/short\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/668"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/short\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/short\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/short\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/short\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=668"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/short\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/668\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/short\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=668"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/short\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=668"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rosetta.vn\/short\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=668"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}